CN102916208A - Microbial fuel cell stacking device of anaerobic fluidized bed - Google Patents
Microbial fuel cell stacking device of anaerobic fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102916208A CN102916208A CN2012104079009A CN201210407900A CN102916208A CN 102916208 A CN102916208 A CN 102916208A CN 2012104079009 A CN2012104079009 A CN 2012104079009A CN 201210407900 A CN201210407900 A CN 201210407900A CN 102916208 A CN102916208 A CN 102916208A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and relates to a microbial fuel cell stacking device of an anaerobic fluidized bed. The microbial fuel cell stacking device is characterized in that a sewage inlet is positioned in the center of the bottom of a first reactor fluidized bed body, and a sewage outlet is positioned on the wall of a tertiary fluidized bed expanding section; gas collecting ports are positioned on the top of a sealing cover, and a pre-distribution chamber is fixedly connected with the first reactor fluidized bed body by a flange; three stages of connected fluidized bed expanding sections which are sequentially arranged are communicated with one another in a close fit manner, a primary fluidized bed expanding section is manufactured on the top of the first reactor fluidized bed body, and a reaction zone which is of an organic glass cylinder structure is arranged on the lower portion of the first reactor fluidized bed body; reactor fluidized grains are mixtures of anaerobic sludge of an anaerobic backflow section and activated carbon carrier grains and are filled in reaction zones of reactor fluidized bed bodies; and positive reactor carbon electrodes are graphene carbon electrodes, and bottoms of the positive reactor carbon electrodes are inserted into the corresponding reactor fluidized grains. The microbial fuel cell stacking device is simple in structure, reliable in connection principle, safe in running and good in sewage treatment effect, and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the fuel cell technology field, relate to a kind of anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device, particularly a kind of microbiological fuel cell is applicable to obtain clean energy resource in efficient processing organic sewage through series-parallel assembling storehouse conversion equipment.
Background technology:
At present, the high speed development of World Economics has brought many negative effects such as energy resource consumption, environmental pollution, the important of society energy and environment all recognized in countries in the world under this background, make rational use of resources, the recycling of realizing refuse is energy-saving and emission-reduction and the effective way of alleviating shortage of resources.Microbiological fuel cell has advantages of that as a kind of emerging energy technology other energy is incomparable: the one, and directly the chemical energy with substrate is converted into electric energy, and capacity usage ratio is high; The 2nd, raw material is extensive; The 3rd, can move in the environment at normal temperatures and pressures, operating condition is gentle, and the battery maintenance cost is low, high safety; The 4th, can utilize the organic substance generatings such as biological waste, clean environment firendly; The 5th, adopt air cathode, do not need the input of aeration homenergic.Fluid bed is widely used as reactor in chemical engineering industry, compare with moving-burden bed reactor with traditional fixed bed, fluid bed has obvious advantage: production capacity is large, the production capacity of unit bed area is far above fixed bed and moving bed, its heat and mass transfer coefficient is high, than fixing 1～2 order of magnitude of the height of bed; Bed temperature is evenly controlled, and easily realizes moving heat or heat supply for the reaction of heat-flash effect; Particle is in flow regime, is convenient to the material adding and draws off, and is applicable to solid phase processing or the easily continuous circulation regeneration of inactivation catalyst condition.Microbiological fuel cell is the product that microbial technique combines with battery technology, utilizes microbe integral body to be catalyst, and the chemical energy in the fuel is converted into electric energy; The microbiological fuel cell operation principle is: microbe is attached to anode or solid particles surface as catalyst, the organic substances such as degraded glucose, lactate and acetate produce electronics and proton, electronics is delivered to anode, arrives negative electrode through external circuit, forms electric current; The proton that produces is by PEM (proton exchange membrane) or directly be delivered to negative electrode by electrolyte, in negative electrode proton and electronics, oxide generation reduction reaction, thereby finishes the work; Wherein, the oxidation equation formula of anode is: C
6H
12O
6+ 6H
2O → 6CO
2+ 24H
++ 24e
-The reduction reaction equation of negative electrode is: 6O
2+ 24H
++ 24e
-→ 12H
2O.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of reverse voltage phenomenon in the existing microbiological fuel cell cascade process, seek to design a kind of Novel anaerobic fluidized bed reactor microbiological fuel cell connection in series-parallel stack apparatus, be applicable to laboratory research, and be easy to amplify and industrialization, change the output voltage of battery by regulating import effluent flow rate and distribution grid percent opening etc., improve waste water COD and remove efficient; The MFC storehouse is the connection in series-parallel of microbiological fuel cell, and its power output is not that the power output of single fuel cell is is simply added and subtracted, and coulombic efficiency only has 12% during series operation, brings up to 78% when in parallel; A monitoring bulk voltage, cell voltage is uneven, and reverse voltage is so that battery produces negative voltage, and base consumption will cause a battery to produce reverse voltage; The variation of single battery output voltage can cause gross power to be floated fast.
To achieve these goals, agent structure of the present invention comprises sewage inlet, pre-distributing chamber, liquid distributing board, a reactor fluidisation particle, one No. two reactor overflow passages, a reactor air cathode, a reactor fluidisation bed body, a reactor carbon-point anode, wire, seal cover, the gas collection mouth, first, two, three grades of fluid bed expanding reach, outlet of sewer, No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies, No. two reactor carbon-point anodes, two No. three reactor overflow passages, No. two reactor air cathodes, No. two reactor fluidisation particles, No. three reactor air cathodes, No. three reactor carbon-point anodes and No. three reactor fluidisation particles, each parts cooperate connection to constitute anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device; Sewage inlet is positioned at the bottom centre position of a reactor fluidisation bed body, caliber 15mm; Outlet of sewer is positioned on the wall of third level fluidized bed body expanding reach apart from top 70mm place, caliber 15mm; The gas collection mouth is positioned at the top of seal cover, and caliber is 10mm; The diameter of pre-distributing chamber is 40mm, is fixedly connected with a reactor fluidisation bed body by flange; The liquid distributing board opening diameter is 1.5-2.5mm, percent opening 20-40%; The first, second, third grade of fluid bed expanding reach close fit that is arranged in order connection is communicated with, and guarantees that catalyst granules or fluidized particles be not with the sewage outflow reactor; No. one reactor fluidisation bed body top is shaped with first order fluid bed expanding reach, and the bottom of a reactor fluidisation bed body is the reaction zone of polymethyl methacrylate cylindrical structure, and its diameter is 40mm, and height is 450mm; The diameter of first order fluid bed expanding reach is 70mm, and height is 300mm; A reactor fluidisation particle, No. two reactor fluidisation particles, No. three reactor fluidisation particles are the mixture that anaerobism reflux section anaerobic sludge (taming 30 days) mixes with the absorbent charcoal carrier particle, are filled in respectively in the reaction zone of one, two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed body; One, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anodes are diameter 5mm, the graphite carbon rod of long 150mm, and insert respectively in one, two, No. three corresponding reactor fluidisation particle its bottom, and the welding of other end electric connection is shaped with wire and derives electronics; One, two, No. three reactor air cathodes are the nafion film and carry the hot pressing of platinum carbon paper and are composited, and its outside all is shaped with silk screen and is support, and seals with epoxy glue; One, is shaped with the reactor overflow passage one No. two between No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies, is shaped with the reactor overflow passage two No. three between two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies; One, the top of two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies is shaped with the seal cover of integral structure.
Apparatus of the present invention adopt the coupling of reactor fluidisation bed body to realize the serial or parallel connection of fuel cell, provide power and overflow effect by peristaltic pump, so that sewage can circulate between battery; Three reactor fluidisation bed bodies are respectively equipped with independently negative electrode and positive electrode, and the series system of three reactor fluidisation bed bodies is: No. two reactor air cathodes of reactor carbon-point anode docking dock No. two reactor carbon-point anodes again and dock then that then reactor air cathode of docking docks reactor carbon-point anode No. one after No. three reactor carbon-point anodes of docking dock outer meeting resistance again behind No. three reactor air cathodes; The parallel way of three reactor fluidisation bed bodies: three reactor carbon-point anode electricity link to each other, and link to each other with outer meeting resistance after three reactor air cathode electricity link to each other again, and form the shunt circuit; By to the different settings of reactor fluidisation bed body from the cell cathode anode, eliminate the counter voltage that the MFC storehouse in the general fuel cell exists; The Voltage-output of microbiological fuel cell is relevant with anode surface area, annode area is large, output voltage can become greatly, so distinguish design in the negative electrode anode design to main reactor fluidized bed body and auxiliary reactor, the main reactor anode surface area is greater than the auxiliary reactor anode surface area; The Voltage-output of microbiological fuel cell also and the distance dependent between the negative electrode and positive electrode, distance is less, more is conducive to the output of voltage, therefore reduces the distance between the negative electrode and positive electrode of main reactor, can guarantee that electron synchrotron is to transmission; By the effectively impact of Avoids or reduces reverse voltage of above connection in series-parallel dual mode; Adopting reactor fluidisation bed body is reaction unit, guarantee the abundant fluidisation of fluidized particles in the fluid bed, when have in the fluid bed height of bed with the bed footpath smaller the time, the characteristics that shuttling movement and mixing phenomena are more fierce, during for the design of main reactor and auxiliary reactor, take into full account this fluid bed characteristics, make the easier fluidisation of reactor; Fluidized particles concentration is less than main reactor in the second level and the third level reactor fluidisation bed body, and successively decreases successively, to reduce its fluidisation difficulty; Adopt the lateral flow type distribution grid, distribution grid percent opening scope is 20%-40%; Reactor fluidisation bed body junction arranges difference in height, provides a part of sewage fluidisation energy by self potential energy.
The present invention compared with prior art, the output voltage of augmenting response device improves sewage treatment capacity simultaneously, the series battery output voltage is a plurality of single-stage cell output voltage sums, the sewage water treatment capacity is the cumulative of a plurality of single-stage batteries; Starting shooting, output voltage is 1.07V after 5 hours, and output voltage reaches 2.04V after the start 54 as a child, and moves 30 hours continuously in the 1.8-2.2V voltage range; The device continuously COD clearance of operation simulated wastewater after 4 days has reached 99.2%, drops to 30mg/L by initial 3800mg/L, and the single-stage battery continuously operation after 10 days the COD clearance just can reach identical effect; It is simple in structure, and catenation principle is reliable, security of operation, good sewage processing effect, environmental friendliness.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the start battery phase voltage pattern of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Also be described further by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment:
The present embodiment agent structure comprises sewage inlet 1, pre-distributing chamber 2, liquid distributing board 3, a reactor fluidisation particle 4, one No. two reactor overflow passages 5, a reactor air cathode 6, a reactor fluidisation bed body 7, a reactor carbon-point anode 8, wire 9, seal cover 10, gas collection mouth 11, first, two, three grades of fluid bed expanding reach 12,13,14, outlet of sewer 15, No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies 16, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies 17, No. two reactor carbon-point anodes 18, two No. three reactor overflow passages 19, No. two reactor air cathodes 20, No. two reactor fluidisation particles 21, No. three reactor air cathodes 22, No. three reactor carbon-point anodes 23 and No. three reactor fluidisation particles 24, each parts cooperate connection to constitute anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device; Sewage inlet 1 is positioned at the bottom centre position of a reactor fluidisation bed body 7, caliber Φ 15mm; Outlet of sewer 15 is positioned on the wall of third level fluidized bed body expanding reach 14 apart from top 70mm place, caliber Φ 15mm; Gas collection mouth 11 is positioned at the top of seal cover 10, and caliber is 10mm; The diameter of pre-distributing chamber 2 is 40mm, is fixedly connected with a reactor fluidisation bed body 7 by flange; Liquid distributing board 3 opening diameters are 1.5-2.5mm, percent opening 20-40%; The first, second, third grade of fluid bed expanding reach 12,13,14 close fit that are arranged in order connection are communicated with, and guarantee that catalyst granules or fluidized particles be not with the sewage outflow reactor; The bottom that reactor fluidisation bed body 7 top are shaped with 12, numbers reactor fluidisations of first order fluid bed expanding reach bed body 7 is the reaction zone of polymethyl methacrylate cylindrical structure, and its diameter is 40mm, and height is 450mm; The diameter of first order fluid bed expanding reach 12 is 70mm, and height is 300mm; A reactor fluidisation particle 4, No. two reactor fluidisation particles 21, No. three reactor fluidisation particles 24 are the mixture that anaerobism reflux section anaerobic sludge (taming 30 days) mixes with the absorbent charcoal carrier particle, are filled in respectively in the reaction zone of one, two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed body 7,16,17; One, to be diameter be 5mm to two, No. three reactor carbon- point anodes 8,18,23, length is the graphite carbon rod of 150mm, insert respectively in one, two, No. three corresponding reactor fluidisation particle 4,21,24 its bottom, and the welding of other end electric connection is shaped with wire 9 and derives electronics; One, two, No. three reactor air cathodes 6,20,22 are the nafion film and carry the hot pressing of platinum carbon paper and are composited, and its outside all is shaped with silk screen for supporting, and seals with epoxy glue; One, is shaped with the reactor overflow passage one No. two between No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies 7 and 16, is shaped with reactor overflow passage 19 two No. three between two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies 16 and 17; One, the top of two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies 7,16,17 is shaped with the seal cover 10 of integral structure.
In the present embodiment implementation process, opening first external peristaltic pump is that the sewage inlet 1 of 15mm enters pre-distributing chamber 2 by caliber, pass in the reaction zone that liquid distributing board 3 enters reactor fluidisation bed body 7 tops, mud and carrier granular are filled in this reaction zone, fluidisation under the effect in sewage flow field, the Mixed Microbes in the mud is carbon dioxide as catalyst with the organic substance direct oxidation in the sewage; Microbe forms biomembrane as the surface that catalyst is attached to one, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anode or one, two, No. three reactor fluidisation particle, produces electronics and proton by organic substances such as metabolic degradation glucose, lactate and acetate; Electronics is delivered to reactor carbon-point anode one, two, No. three, then arrives one, two, No. three reactor air cathode through external circuit and forms electric current; The proton that produces is by proton exchange membrane (PEM) or directly be delivered to the reactor air cathode one, two, No. three by electrolyte, and in each negative electrode place proton and electronics, oxide generation reduction reaction; Sewage in reactor fluidisation bed body 7 in succession enters No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies 16 by one No. two overflow ducts 5 and No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies 17 continue reaction; Finally, sewage flows out by outlet of sewer 15 and finishes cyclic process; One, two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed body by three grades of cascaded structures, wastewater treatment efficiency is strengthened, the sewage disposal cycle shortens, realize connection in series-parallel by three grades of one, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anode annexations different with the head and the tail of one, two, No. three reactor air cathode, output voltage improves during series connection.
The present embodiment in application in practice two, the fluidisation of three reactor fluidized bed body realizes by liquid level difference, particle diameter and the loading height of liquid level extent and fluidized particles are relevant, grain diameter is 0.2mm-1mm, loading height is 60mm, and the liquid level difference of I and II reactor fluidisation bed body and two, three reactor fluidized bed body is 170mm; For guaranteeing that fluidized particles or catalyst granules do not enter overflow ducts and cause passage to stop up, the entrance of overflow ducts is located at the expanding reach of each reactor fluidisation bed body; Additional one deck silk screen prevents the loss of fluidized particles under the sewage distribution grid.
The present embodiment is suitable for the sewage disposal of different COD concentration, the COD clearance can reach 99%, has good wastewater treatment efficiency, accompanying drawing 2 is the present embodiment start battery phase change in voltage curve, when system temperature moved under 28 ± 3 ℃ of conditions, start battery was very fast, and voltage was 1.07V after system moved 5 hours, voltage reaches 2.04V after moving to 54 hours, and operation begins after 30 hours to descend in the 1.8-2.2V scope; Show that the present embodiment adopts the series connection of multistage anaerobic/fluid bed microbiological fuel cell can significantly improve output voltage, improves simultaneously sewage treating efficiency, and utilizes the fluidisation problem of liquid level difference realization two, three reactor fluidized bed body, energy savings.
Claims (2)
1. anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device, it is characterized in that agent structure comprises sewage inlet, pre-distributing chamber, liquid distributing board, a reactor fluidisation particle, one No. two reactor overflow passages, a reactor air cathode, a reactor fluidisation bed body, a reactor carbon-point anode, wire, seal cover, the gas collection mouth, first, two, three grades of fluid bed expanding reach, outlet of sewer, No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies, No. two reactor carbon-point anodes, two No. three reactor overflow passages, No. two reactor air cathodes, No. two reactor fluidisation particles, No. three reactor air cathodes, No. three reactor carbon-point anodes and No. three reactor fluidisation particles, each parts cooperate connection to constitute anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device; Sewage inlet is positioned at the bottom centre position of a reactor fluidisation bed body; Outlet of sewer is positioned on the wall of third level fluidized bed body expanding reach apart from top 70mm place; The gas collection mouth is positioned at the top of seal cover; Pre-distributing chamber is fixedly connected with a reactor fluidisation bed body by flange; The liquid distributing board opening diameter is 1.5-2.5mm, percent opening 20-40%; The first, second, third grade of fluid bed expanding reach close fit that is arranged in order connection is communicated with, and guarantees that catalyst granules or fluidized particles be not with the sewage outflow reactor; No. one reactor fluidisation bed body top is shaped with first order fluid bed expanding reach, and the bottom of a reactor fluidisation bed body is the reaction zone of polymethyl methacrylate cylindrical structure; The diameter of first order fluid bed expanding reach is 70mm, and height is 300mm; A reactor fluidisation particle, No. two reactor fluidisation particles, No. three reactor fluidisation particles are the mixture that anaerobism reflux section anaerobic sludge (taming 30 days) mixes with the absorbent charcoal carrier particle, are filled in respectively in the reaction zone of one, two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed body; One, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anodes are diameter 5mm, the graphite carbon rod of long 150mm, and insert respectively in one, two, No. three corresponding reactor fluidisation particle its bottom, and the welding of other end electric connection is shaped with wire and derives electronics; One, two, No. three reactor air cathodes are the nafion film and carry the hot pressing of platinum carbon paper and are composited, and its outside all is shaped with silk screen and is support, and seals with epoxy glue; One, is shaped with the reactor overflow passage one No. two between No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies, is shaped with the reactor overflow passage two No. three between two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies; One, the top of two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies is shaped with the seal cover of integral structure.
2. anaerobic fluidized bed microbiological fuel cell pile stack device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the implementation process, opening first external peristaltic pump is that the sewage inlet of 15mm enters pre-distributing chamber by caliber, pass in the reaction zone that liquid distributing board enters a reactor fluidisation bed body top, mud and carrier granular are filled in this reaction zone, fluidisation under the effect in sewage flow field, the Mixed Microbes in the mud is carbon dioxide as catalyst with the organic substance direct oxidation in the sewage; Microbe forms biomembrane as the surface that catalyst is attached to one, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anode or one, two, No. three reactor fluidisation particle, produces electronics and proton by organic substances such as metabolic degradation glucose, lactate and acetate; Electronics is delivered to reactor carbon-point anode one, two, No. three, then arrives one, two, No. three reactor air cathode through external circuit and forms electric current; The proton that produces is by proton exchange membrane or directly be delivered to the reactor air cathode one, two, No. three by electrolyte, and in each negative electrode place proton and electronics, oxide generation reduction reaction; Sewage in reactor fluidisation bed body in succession enters No. two reactor fluidisation bed bodies by one No. two overflow ducts 5 and No. three reactor fluidisation bed bodies continue reaction; Finally, sewage flows out by outlet of sewer and finishes cyclic process; One, two, No. three reactor fluidisation bed body by three grades of cascaded structures, wastewater treatment efficiency is strengthened, the sewage disposal cycle shortens, realize connection in series-parallel by three grades of one, two, No. three reactor carbon-point anode annexations different with the head and the tail of one, two, No. three reactor air cathode, output voltage improves during series connection.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105293694A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Stackable anaerobic wastewater treatment device internally installed biological catalysis electrolysis system and wastewater treatment method using same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101462785A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-06-24 | 青岛科技大学 | Anaerobic fluidized bed air cathode microbial fuel cell unit |
| CN101908635A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-08 | 北京大学 | Anaerobic baffle plate type microbial fuel cell stack |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101462785A (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2009-06-24 | 青岛科技大学 | Anaerobic fluidized bed air cathode microbial fuel cell unit |
| CN101908635A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-08 | 北京大学 | Anaerobic baffle plate type microbial fuel cell stack |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105293694A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Stackable anaerobic wastewater treatment device internally installed biological catalysis electrolysis system and wastewater treatment method using same |
| CN105293694B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | The stack anaerobic treatment equipment for wastewater of built-in biological catalytic electrolysis system and the method that waste water is handled using it |
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