CN102907221A - Stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn and grain airing, drying and storage method - Google Patents
Stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn and grain airing, drying and storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102907221A CN102907221A CN2012103913281A CN201210391328A CN102907221A CN 102907221 A CN102907221 A CN 102907221A CN 2012103913281 A CN2012103913281 A CN 2012103913281A CN 201210391328 A CN201210391328 A CN 201210391328A CN 102907221 A CN102907221 A CN 102907221A
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Abstract
A stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn comprises a base support (1) and at least two grain airing and storage units (2), the grain airing and storage units are mutually connected to be combined into a grain airing and storage barn body, a top cover (5) and grain inlets (52) are arranged on the upper portion of the grain airing and storage barn body, the side wall of each grain airing and storage unit (2) is of a mesh structure, a ventilating duct (3) is arranged between each two adjacent grain airing and storage units (2), and grain outlets (21) are arranged on the lower portions of the grain airing and storage units (2). The invention further discloses a grain airing method using the storage barn. The grain airing and storage barn achieves safe and energy-saving airing and drying of high-moisture grains of peasant households or acquiring enterprises; labor intensity for enabling new harvested grains to go in and out of the barn during airing and drying is reduced, and cost is also lowered; mildew and heat emission of the new harvested grains during airing, drying and storage are avoided; and soaking of the grains by rain during airing and drying and moisture absorption and damp getting of the stored grains can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of food storage house and dry storage method, especially relate to the method that a kind of three-dimensional combination is dried in the air the grain storage warehouse and dried in the air the grain drying and store grain.
Background technology
At present, through deep factual survey, the grain after peasant's results adopts first place airing, highway airing usually, or the mode such as dryer drying reduces grain moisture content, and it is for sale that then pack stores, or the Pattern completion grain of direct marketing is processed postpartum., there is following problem in this tupe: 1) rain because of airing place finite sum, the heating of mildewing of part grain causes the googol amount to lose and serious mycotoxin pollution problem; 2) highway airing grain, nuisance pollutes, and is very harmful; 3) during the airing, shedding of grain is very serious, and coly evil loss is larger, also be easy to produce go mouldy, fragmentation and pollution problem; 4) during the airing, need artificial overturning, waste time and energy, labor expenses is high; 5) grain drier is dry, and energy consumption is high, and cost is high, contaminated environment, and the misoperation grain quality can't guarantee.Take 20 tons of threshing corns as example, about 1000 yuan of packing expenditures, cover, fill with bag, pile etc. and also will consume a large amount of manpower and materials and financial resources at artificial overturning, airing; Dryness in the sun good four needs the time longer, meets the wet grain that drenches with rain, and the factor such as moisture absorptivity of grain can be unfavorable for safe storage; Lack the easy drying of grain and safety storage technology equipment, the peasant can't safe storage grain, can only sell as early as possible, loses the higher business opportunity of price, can not sell in good time, affect increasing peasant income, or Higher output is not accompanied by a higher income.
At present, known foodstuff preservation is divided into two classes: a class is the large-scale repository (comprising cartridge type heavy steel plate storehouse) of building structure, and this class repository is multiplex in the grain (general capacity is more than the kiloton) of storage or processing enterprise's storage enormous amount; Another kind of is the low capacity grains storage equipment, such as scientific grain-storing bunker and the steel construction corn building that fills 5 tons of left and right sides corncob of 1 ton of capacity, multiplex in the small-scale foodstuff preservation of peasant household.The defective following points of at present low capacity storage facilities existence: 1) holding capacity of bin of low capacity storage facilities is subject to the impact of structure, can't satisfy flexibly the demand of the different reserves of different peasant households; 2) the low capacity storage facilities is multiplex in the dry and storage of corn ear, also is not suitable for the dry and storage of iblet, paddy, wheat equigranular grain; 3) the low capacity storage facilities can't effectively solve time saving and energy saving conveying grain into storehouse and the needs that deliver from godown; 4) the low capacity storage facilities can't effectively solve the problem that storage period moisture control etc. affects safe storage; 5) present low capacity storage facilities can't effectively be connected with mechanical devices such as elevators, and operating efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up; This grain storage warehouse that dries in the air has solved energy-saving safe dryness in the sun and the short term stored problem of the new results high moisture grain that peasant household or purchase enterprises run in the grain business process; Reduced the turnover storehouse operation labor intensity of new results grain dryness in the sun; Avoid airing, drying and stored the new heating of going mouldy of gathering in the crops grain; Meet drench with rain wet grain and the moisture absorption that stores grain and a plurality of problems such as get damp in the time of preventing dryness in the sun grain.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve is a kind of three-dimensional dry and method that stores grain of the grain that dries in the air that makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air of utilizing.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up comprises base support, at least two grain storage elements that dry in the air, and the grain storage element that dries in the air interconnects and is combined into the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, and the top of the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is provided with top cover and grain-entering mouth; The described grain storage element sidewall that dries in the air is network structure, the particle diameter that cancellated aperture stores grain less than needs; Dry in the air and be provided with ventilating duct between the grain storage element; Network structure and ventilating duct ensure that natural wind can solid effectively pass through, and can utilize natural wind to dry grain in the storehouse; The dry in the air bottom of grain storage element is provided with grain outlet, is used for drying and the usefulness of putting out cereal when storing the grain such as threshing corn, paddy, soybean and wheat.
Preferably, described top cover is arch, slope, backing roof or flat-top shape, and described top cover is the movable software material that covers on the top cover framework, exposes grain-entering mouth after mobile the opening; Preferably, described movable software material is water-proof tarpaulin.
Preferably, the described grain storage warehouse sidewall that dries in the air has soft material covering dismountable or that rollable puts down outward; Preferably, this soft material covering is water-proof tarpaulin.
Preferably, the length of described grain storage element (2) of drying in the air * wide * high=1～6 * 0.2～1.5 * 1～6 meters.
Preferably, the described network structure that dries in the air grain storage element (2) sidewall can be dull and stereotyped or structure corrugated sheet or corrugated plating, adopts individual layer expanded metal lath structure during making, or the single-deck screen web frame, or expanded metal lath and screen cloth Double-level Reticulated structure.
Preferably, the described grain storage element bottom of drying in the air both can be network structure, also can be plate like structure.
Preferably, can be for horizontal bottom the described grain storage element that dries in the air, or high both sides, middle part are low, or one a side high side in bottom is low, and preferably, the described high both sides, grain storage element middle part of drying in the air are low, or the low bottom of the high side of bottom one side is 5～60 degree with the ground angle, more preferably, the described high both sides, grain storage element middle part of drying in the air are low, or the low bottom of the high side of bottom one side is 20～45 degree with the ground angle.
Preferably, the ventilating duct of the described grain storage warehouse that dries in the air can be connect or do not connect; Described ventilating duct wide * high=0.1～1 * 0.3～4 meters; The thickness of breakthrough part segmentation is not greater than 0.05m; Ventilating duct bottom surface and ground angle are 0～60 degree.
Preferably, described each grain storage element that dries in the air is provided with ventilating duct some lateral direction penetratings or that do not connect, and this ventilating duct can be circular, oval, square, rectangle, triangle or polygonal, its sectional area=2.25cm
2～900cm
2
Preferably, the one-sided or bilateral of described each grain storage element that dries in the air is provided with put out cereal door and grain outlet, and the door of putting out cereal on described each grain storage element that dries in the air unloads structure for movable integral body, and grain outlet is positioned on the door of putting out cereal, and this grain outlet is by the flashboard opening and closing;
Preferably, described each employing steel framework structure between the grain storage element of drying in the air; A plurality of unit can be made up flexibly and dismantle, satisfy the needs of different holding capacity of bin.
Preferably, described steel framework structure is by steel lacing wire and angle bar fixed support in addition.
Preferably, the surface plastic spraying of described steel framework, network structure, iron and steel lacing wire and angle steel.
Preferably, described top cover has the steel network structure of protection against rodents.
Preferably, the described grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is provided with the grain hoisting device outward, and preferably the grain hoisting device is bucket elevator or belt conveyor or screw auger conveyer.
Preferably, can be provided with temperature, temp. and humidity detector or system in each grain storage element that dries in the air; The temperature and humidity that is used for regular detecting unit middle part grain prevents the grain heating of mildewing.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, a kind of method that grain is dry and store grain of drying in the air of utilizing solid to make up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) loading
When the loading of grain storage warehouse was dried in the air in three-dimensional combination, top cover should be opened, or moves on the limit, utilized the loading in the storehouse of grain hoisting device or conveying equipment.
For example, the top cover of the grain storage element that dries in the air is opened, with bucket elevator grain is transported in the grain storage element that dries in the air;
2) grain that dries in the air
After filling the higher grain of moisture, be provided with 1-10 temperature in each grain storage element that dries in the air, or temp. and humidity detector or system, when reducing moisture for the grain that dries in the air, the soft material of wall should be rolled or lay down, natural wind keeps larger draught area, so that can be easy to three-dimensional pass through longitudinally around ventilating duct, horizontal ventilating duct and the silo that dries in the air and up and down, take the moisture in the grain out of the reduction grain moisture content; Simultaneously, top cover has the steel rodent-proof mesh;
3) the grain Rainproof moisture-proof that dries in the air
Dry in the air when running into rainfall during the grain, or when running into high humility weather, close mobile top cover, put down the upper software cladding material on the wall, the whole grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is covered, carry out the Rainproof moisture-proof grain storage;
4) fall grain
Dry in the air during the grain, can utilize temperature, or temp. and humidity detector or system, the detection temperature and humidity data in the grain storage element of drying in the air, when the inner grain moisture content of the grain storage element that dries in the air and temperature are on the rise, or middle part, unit grain is assembled when damp and hot, grain outlet is opened, grain in the unit relies on gravity flow to fall on the elevator, opens the top cover of the grain storage element that dries in the air, and with elevator the grain that grain outlet flows out is poured in the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air from the top.After the interior grain of the grain storage element that dries in the air passes through part or all of overturning, close grain outlet, close top cover, namely finish the overturning operation of grain, grain precipitation continues to dry in the air.The purpose of overturning is the grain of mixing different in moisture and temperature, and is loose damp and hot except building up in the grain, prevents the grain heating of going mouldy, and with the high temperature of middle part, unit grain and high humidity loose in the air quickening dry grain;
The grain that dries in the air through after a while repeats the step of falling grain, until the grain in the grain storage element that dries in the air (such as corn moisture content≤14.5%) when reaching the safe storage moisture value, enters the state of storing grain;
5) store grain
When grain moisture content during at safe moisture, close mobile top cover, put down the upper software cladding material on the wall, the whole grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is covered, make the grain in the storehouse be in storing state.
Preferably, the grain that dries in the air of storage warehouse method dry and that store grain can also comprise the steps:
6) unloading or put out cereal
The grain that stores a period of time will be sold or move when use it for anything else, and open the grain outlet gate, and grain is fallen belt conveyor from an outflow of putting out cereal, or on the conveying worm, to the upper loading of transporting equipment (vehicle or boats and ships).
7) work pattern of falling grain
Except 4) the described pattern of falling grain (from overturning), can realize by conveyer the mutual overturning of two or more grain storage warehouses that dry in the air, can play mixing grain equally, loose damp and hot except building up in the grain, the heating that prevents from mildewing, the purpose that grain is dried in quickening.
Dry in the air grain storage warehouse and storehouse, corn building, Inner Mongol type of the three-dimensional combination of the present invention compared as follows:
20 tons of storage warehouse volume 27.5m storage threshing corns of the present invention.
6 tons of storehouse, Inner Mongol type volume 12m storage corn ear.
Cost ratio pair
Storage warehouse of the present invention: cost: 13750 yuan/20 tons grains, unit price: 687.50 yuan/tons of grains
Storehouse, Inner Mongol type: amount to storage 4.8 tons of (grain)/6 of threshing corn ton (rod); Cost: 3500 yuan/4.8 tons (grain), unit price: 729.17 yuan/tons (grain);
The effect comparison is as follows:
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) flexible structure of the present invention, but multiple-unit assembling, capacity can enlarge, and does not affect dry in the air grain memory function and structure stress, has effectively solved the store grain demand of capacity of difference;
(2) cellular construction and in length and breadth ventilating duct can take full advantage of stereo natural and ventilate to reduce grain moisture content;
(3) bottom, storehouse domes, the gravity flow structural design of grain delivers from godown smoothly smoothly;
(4) outside the storehouse elevator is installed, can be effectively fallen grain, play the threshing ground and stir grain and the evenly effect of grain moisture content, loose damp and hot except the gathering in the grain heap, reduce cereal temperature, improve and dry efficient and assurance dry in the air grain and storage safe;
(5) mobile software top cover and the software cladding material on the wall cover the whole grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, and carry out the Rainproof moisture-proof grain storage; The simultaneously convenient loading in the storehouse of portable top cover can also be opened in case of necessity the top cover grain that dries in the air and be shone grain, improves and dries grain efficient.
(6) the three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up of the present invention is built up by steel construction, and top cover is soft material, and the warehouse outer wall is equipped with the software cladding material, and cost is lower.
(7) the present invention is combined type, and all structures are modularization, are transported to Assembling, and it is comparatively convenient to promote.
(8) it is low to dry the grain integrated cost, long service life; 20 tons of capacity, the iblet of dress moisture 29%, overturning 3-5 time, corn moisture drops to 15%, and comprehensive cost is about 30 yuan.
(9) use the present invention, can solve the peasant and newly gather in the crops the following long-standing more scabrous traditional problem that the grains such as high-moisture corn, paddy, soybean, wheat face:
1. lack the threshing ground, shine grain at highway, block traffic and pollute food problem,
2. natural drying grain efficient is low, and grain is subject to drench with rain and the moisture absorption, and the heating of mildewing is polluted by mycotoxin and found high grain safe and sanitary problem
3. remove and shine grain, lack the large problem of labour and labour intensity,
4. dry grain and deposit without storage, entomophthora coly evil is serious, loses huge problem
Therefore, the present invention is significant to national food safety.
In a word, the present invention's grain storage warehouse that dries in the air has solved the energy-saving safe dryness in the sun problem of the new results high moisture grain that peasant household or purchase enterprises run in the grain business process; Reduce the turnover storehouse operation labor intensity of new results grain dryness in the sun, also reduced cost; Avoid airing, drying and stored the new heating of going mouldy of gathering in the crops grain; Meet drench with rain wet grain and the moisture absorption that stores grain and a plurality of problems such as get damp in the time of preventing dryness in the sun grain; The present invention can also be used for storing the grain after drying, and also provides necessary storage facility for peasant household.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail
Fig. 1 is the embodiment structural representation of lifting device of the present invention when being elevator;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment structural representation of lifting device of the present invention when being grain transporter;
Fig. 3 is the dry in the air Facad structure schematic diagram of grain storage warehouse of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the side structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Embodiment
A kind of three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up comprises base 1,4 grain storage elements 2 that dry in the air; The described cancellated aperture of grain storage element sidewall of drying in the air is less than the corn particle diameter that needs airing and storage; The ventilating duct 3 that dries in the air and be equipped with vertical perforation between the grain storage element 2 utilizes natural wind to blow corn in the storage warehouse that dries in the air by ventilating duct 3, reduces corn moisture.Each grain storage element 3 that dries in the air is provided with the ventilating duct 4 of 9 lateral direction penetrating unit, and the ventilating duct 4 of lateral direction penetrating unit is circular, its sectional area=50cm
2Ensure that horizontal natural wind can effectively pass through; Bottom and top at ventilating duct between the unit are communicated with when loading stores, to improve turnover grain efficient; The front side of each grain storage element 2 that dries in the air and the bottom of rear side are provided with put out cereal door 21 and grain outlet 22, and it is (not shown that grain outlet 22 places establish flashboard! ) switching grain outlet 22; Dismountable arch top cover framework 5 is established on the top of each grain storage element 2 that dries in the air, and becomes the top cover in storehouse on this framework behind covering tarpaulin or the plastic film 51; After this top cover 51 was opened, grain was packed into by the open top of the grain storage element 2 that dries in the air and is dried in the air in the grain storage element 2, filled to close top cover tarpaulin 51 after the grain again and can block entering of rainwater and foreign material, also can prevent sunlight exposure; The sidewall of each grain storage element 2 that dries in the air adopts expanded metal lath and screen cloth double-decker, can be that internal layer is screen cloth, goes out to be expanded metal lath, and the network structure surface plastic spraying prevents corrosion, improves service life, can also prevent that iron rust from polluting grain; Be provided with temp. and humidity detector (not shown) in each grain storage element 2 that dries in the air; Arch upward in the middle part 23 of the bottom of each grain storage element 2 that dries in the air, present embodiment adopts longitudinal section, the bottom mode that arches upward triangular in shape, makes things convenient for grain to deliver from godown from discharging opening.
In the present embodiment, the length of the described grain storage element that dries in the air * wide * height=1.5 * 0.6 * 5 meters; Arching upward in the bottom 23 of the described grain storage element that dries in the air highly is 0.3 meter; The ventilating duct 3 of described vertical perforation wide * high=0.2 * 3 meter; For present embodiment, the width of ventilating duct 3 and highly be to adapt with described size of drying in the air the grain storage element; The size of ventilating duct 3 is too large, has reduced the space of the described grain storage element that dries in the air, the reserves of having reduced grain; Size is too little, and then degree of ventilation can not reach corresponding requirement.
Each 2 of grain storage element that dry in the air adopts steel (stainless steel) frame structure 6 to connect, can make up flexibly and dismantle, satisfy the needs of different capabilities, present embodiment is provided with 4 grain storage elements 2 that dry in the air, be noted that, in the present embodiment, two dry in the air, and bottom and the top at ventilating duct is communicated with when loading stores between the grain storage element; Some also is common the use with the grain storage element 2 that dries in the air for whole frame structure, such as bight longitudinal carrier etc., can be understood as and in whole frame structure, mark off a plurality of grain storage elements 2 that dry in the air, on the basis of proof strength, can save the making material, reduce cost; Better fixing in order to guarantee, described steel (stainless steel) frame structure is by lacing wire 61 and angle bar fixed support in addition; Simultaneously, top cover has the steel rodent-proof mesh;
The described grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is provided with grain hoisting device 7 outward, and described grain hoisting device 7 is bucket elevator 71 or belt conveyor 72, is used for pouring grain into each the grain storage element 2 that dries in the air from top cover 5.
A kind of above-mentioned three-dimensional dry method with storing corn of the grain that dries in the air that makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air of utilizing of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) loading
When the loading of grain storage warehouse was dried in the air in three-dimensional combination, top cover (5) should be opened, or moves on the limit, utilized grain hoisting device (7) loading in the storehouse.For example, the top cover (5) of grain storage element (2) of will drying in the air is opened, and with bucket elevator (71) or belt conveyor for grain (72), the grain conveying is installed in the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air;
2) grain that dries in the air
After filling the higher corn of moisture, be provided with 1 temperature in each grain storage element (2) that dries in the air, or temp. and humidity detector, grain reduces moisture in order to dry in the air, the soft material of wall (8) should be rolled or lay down, natural wind keeps larger draught area, so that can be easy to three-dimensional passing through the ventilating duct (3) that vertically connects, the ventilating duct (4) of lateral direction penetrating unit and the silo that dries in the air all around and up and down, take the moisture in the grain out of the reduction corn moisture;
3) the grain Rainproof moisture-proof that dries in the air
Dry in the air when running into rainfall during the grain, or when running into high humility weather, close mobile top cover (5), put down the upper software cladding material (8) on the wall, the whole grain repository that dries in the air is covered, carry out the Rainproof moisture-proof grain storage.
4) fall grain
Dry in the air during the grain, can utilize temperature, or temp. and humidity detector or system, the detection temperature and humidity data in the grain storage element (2) of drying in the air, when dry in the air grain storage element inside corn moisture and temperature are on the rise, or unit middle part grain is assembled when damp and hot, grain outlet (22) is opened, corn in the unit relies on gravity flow to fall on elevator (71) or grain transporter (72) or the screw auger conveyer, open top cover (5) or (51) of grain storage element (2) of drying in the air, with corn elevator (71), or belt conveyor (72), or the screw auger conveyer, the grain that grain outlet flows out is poured in the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air from the top.After the interior corn of the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air passes through part or all of overturning, close grain outlet (22), close top cover (5), namely finish the overturning operation of grain, grain precipitation continues to dry in the air.The purpose of overturning is the grain of mixing different in moisture and temperature, and is loose damp and hot except building up in the corn, prevents the corn heating of going mouldy, and with the high temperature of middle part, unit corn and high humidity loose in the air quickening dry grain.
Through the grain that dries in the air after a while, repeating step 4), until the corn moisture content in the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air≤14.5%.When reaching the safe storage moisture value, enter the corn state that stores.
5) store grain
When corn moisture≤14.5%, close mobile top cover (5), put down the upper software cladding material (8) on the wall, the whole grain repository that dries in the air is covered, make the corn in the storehouse be in storing state.
6) unloading or put out cereal
The corn that stores a period of time will be sold or move when use it for anything else, and open grain outlet gate (21), and grain is fallen belt conveyor from an outflow of putting out cereal, or on the conveying worm, loading on the transporting equipment.
7) work pattern of falling grain
Except 4) describedly can realize taking grain out of a granary to sun it mutually of two or more grain storage warehouses that dry in the air by conveyer from taking grain out of a granary to sun it the pattern of falling grain, can play mixing grain equally, loose damp and hot except building up in the grain, the heating that prevents from mildewing, the purpose that corn is dried in quickening.
Occupation mode embodiment is as follows more specifically:
1) high-moisture corn after the threshing is passed in the grain storage element 2 that dries in the air with elevator;
2) open the tarpaulin of storehouse wall, gravity-flow ventilation, natural seasoning;
3) close up the tarpaulin of closing the storehouse wall during rainy day, rainwater-proof is invaded and is drenched, and the anti-corn moisture absorption;
4) survey at any time the corn temp. and humidity at middle part, each unit with Temperature Humidity Sensor, when finding that the grain temperature is higher than temperature more than 4 ℃ the time, in time starts elevator and carries out from taking grain out of a granary to sun it or taking grain out of a granary to sun it mutually;
5) after high-moisture corn puts in storage (case), be lower than the subzero 2-4 month in December in winter to next year if be in atmospheric temperature, needn't fall grain; Until timely test grain temperature when next year, the 3-5 month temperature rose just can reach safe moisture with the elevator 2-4 of falling grain is inferior;
5) in China northeast and northwest and some areas, North China, if large, dry nice and cool, the grain storage warehouse that will dry in the air of local wind is placed on the physical features of not keeping out the wind, short term stored is passed the winter to the threshing corn of early summer, can fall grain, stores basic security.But before corn does not reach safe moisture in the storehouse, use the temp. and humidity detector when temperature is high and test at any time, the grain temperature is higher than temperature more than 4 ℃ the time, in time starts elevator and carries out from taking grain out of a granary to sun it or taking grain out of a granary to sun it mutually;
6) dry in the air behind corn moisture in the grain storage warehouse≤14.5%, close up top cover and bulkhead tarpaulin, corn enters short.
Three-dimensional combination of the present invention is dried in the air, and the grain storage warehouse is concrete tests and effect:
1, experiment place: the Miyun County Grand Tutor collects Hou Bajia village village, town
2, experimental site: three faces have the buildings such as house, and another side is that the mound ventilation condition is bad.
3, purchased the on-the-spot threshing corn of this village peasant on March 1st, 2012 directly into storage warehouse (embodiment 1 product), 2.16 yuan/Kg, moisture is up to 29.1%, and is minimum 16%, impurity 2%.
4, fall for the first time grain, March 4, temperature 5 degree, after moisture the highest by 19.3%, minimum 15.4%;
The second time is grain, March 11, and temperature 9 degree, rear moisture is the highest by 18.6%, and minimum 15.2%;
Fall for the third time grain, March 20, temperature 12 degree, after moisture the highest by 17.4%, minimum 14.0%;
Fall grain for the 4th time, April 28, temperature 20 degree, after moisture the highest by 16.5%, minimum 13.6%;
Fall grain for the 5th time, June 27, temperature 25 degree, after moisture the highest by 13.9%, minimum 12.1%;
5, price on March 1 the highest 2.16 yuan/Kg below 16%; Five, price in June the highest 2.46 yuan/Kg below 16%; 6000 yuan of 20 tons of storehouse corn price differences.
6,4 months corn qualities of storage are good, without the harm of entomophthora mouse sparrow, and 10 yuan of total power consumption expenses.
The three-dimensional comprehensive benefit highly significant that makes up the grain storage warehouse experiment of drying in the air.
The word in the description orientation that adopts herein " on ", D score, " left side ", " right side " etc. all be for the convenience that illustrates based on the orientation shown in the drawing in the accompanying drawing, these orientation may be because the disposing way of device and different in actual device.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention only is for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not to be restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here can't give all embodiments exhaustive.Everyly belong to the row that apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change still are in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. a solid makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, it is characterized in that: comprise base support (1), at least two grain storage elements (2) that dry in the air, the grain storage element that dries in the air interconnects and is combined into the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, and the top of the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is provided with top cover (5) and grain-entering mouth (52); Described grain storage element (2) sidewall that dries in the air is network structure; Drying in the air is provided with ventilating duct (3) between the grain storage element (2), the bottom of the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air is provided with grain outlet (21).
2. solid according to claim 1 makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, it is characterized in that: described top cover (5) is arch, slope, backing roof or flat-top shape, described top cover (5) is the movable software material that covers on the top cover framework, exposes grain-entering mouth after mobile the opening; Preferably, described movable software material is water-proof tarpaulin.
3. solid according to claim 1 and 2 makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, and it is characterized in that: the described grain storage warehouse sidewall that dries in the air has soft material covering dismountable or that rollable puts down outward; Preferably, this soft material covering is water-proof tarpaulin.
4. the three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the length of described grain storage element (2) of drying in the air * wide * height=1～6 * 0.2～1.5 * 1～6 meters.
5. solid according to claim 1 makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, it is characterized in that: the described network structure that dries in the air grain storage element (2) sidewall can be dull and stereotyped or structure corrugated sheet or corrugated plating, described network structure adopts individual layer expanded metal lath structure, or single-deck screen web frame, or Double-layer screen structure.
6. the three-dimensional grain storage warehouse that dries in the air that makes up according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be network structure or plate like structure bottom the described grain storage element that dries in the air.
7. solid according to claim 1 makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, it is characterized in that: the described grain storage element bottom of drying in the air is for horizontal, or high both sides, middle part are low, or one a side high side in bottom is low, preferably, the described grain storage element middle part of drying in the air high with the low bottom of the high side of a side be 5～60 degree with the ground angle, more preferably, what the described grain storage element middle part of drying in the air was high is 20～50 to spend with the low bottom of the high side of a side and ground angle.
8. the three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is characterized in that: the ventilating duct of the described grain storage warehouse that dries in the air can be connect or do not connect; Described ventilating duct wide * high=0.1～1 * 0.3～4 meters; Do not connect the thickness of part greater than 0.05m; Ventilating duct bottom surface and ground angle are 0～60 degree.
9. solid according to claim 1 makes up the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air, it is characterized in that: described each grain storage element (2) that dries in the air is provided with ventilating duct some lateral direction penetratings or that do not connect (4), ventilating duct can be circular, oval, square, rectangle, triangle or polygonal, its sectional area=2.25cm
2～900cm
2
10. the three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is characterized in that: the one-sided or bilateral of described each grain storage element (2) that dries in the air is provided with put out cereal door (22) and a grain outlet (21); The door (22) of putting out cereal on described each grain storage element that dries in the air unloads structure for movable integral body, and grain outlet (21) is positioned on the door (22) of putting out cereal, and this grain outlet (21) is by the flashboard opening and closing.
The grain storage warehouse 11. three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 is dried in the air is characterized in that: each dries in the air and adopts steel or metal alloy frame structure processed (6) between grain storage element (2).
12. steel framework structure according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described steel framework structure (6) is by steel lacing wire (61) and angle bar fixed support in addition.
The grain storage warehouse 13. three-dimensional combination according to claim 12 is dried in the air is characterized in that: the surface plastic spraying of described steel framework, network structure, iron and steel lacing wire and angle steel.
The grain storage warehouse 14. three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 is dried in the air, it is characterized in that: described top cover has steel or the metal alloy network structure processed of protection against rodents.
The grain storage warehouse 15. three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 is dried in the air, it is characterized in that: the described grain storage warehouse that dries in the air is provided with grain hoisting device (7) outward, and preferably grain hoisting device (7) is bucket elevator (71) or belt conveyor (72) or screw auger conveyer.
The grain storage warehouse 16. three-dimensional combination according to claim 1 is dried in the air is characterized in that: can be provided with temperature, temp. and humidity detector or system in each grain storage element (2) that dries in the air.
17. a utilization comprises the steps: such as the grain storage warehouse method that grain is dry and store grain of drying in the air of drying in the air of three-dimensional combination as described in the claim 1-16
1) loading
The top cover (5) of grain storage element (2) of will drying in the air is opened, and with bucket elevator (71) or belt conveyor for grain (72) or screw auger conveyer grain is transported in the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air;
2) grain that dries in the air
After filling the higher grain of moisture, be provided with 1-10 temperature or temp. and humidity detector or system in each grain storage element (2) that dries in the air, grain reduces moisture in order to dry in the air, the soft material of wall (8) should be rolled or lay down, keep larger draught area, so that natural wind can be easy to three-dimensional passing through the ventilating duct (3) that vertically connects, the ventilating duct (4) of lateral direction penetrating unit and the silo that dries in the air all around and up and down, take the moisture in the grain out of the reduction grain moisture content;
3) the grain Rainproof moisture-proof that dries in the air
Dry in the air when running into rainfall during the grain, or when running into high humility weather, close mobile top cover (5), put down the upper soft material cover layer (8) on the wall, the whole grain repository that dries in the air is covered, carry out the Rainproof moisture-proof grain storage;
4) fall grain
Dry in the air during the grain, can utilize temperature, or temp. and humidity detector or system, the detection temperature and humidity data in the grain storage element (2) of drying in the air, when dry in the air grain storage element inside grain moisture content and temperature are on the rise, or unit middle part grain is assembled when damp and hot, grain outlet (22) is opened, grain in the unit relies on gravity flow to fall on elevator (71) or grain transporter (72) or the screw auger conveyer (73), open the top cover (5) of grain storage element (2) of drying in the air, grain with elevator (71) or belt conveyor (72) or screw auger conveyer (73), is poured into the grain that grain outlet flows out in the grain storage warehouse that dries in the air from the top; After the interior grain of the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air passes through part or all of overturning, close grain outlet (22), close top cover (5), namely finish the overturning operation of grain, grain precipitation continues to dry in the air; Through the grain that dries in the air after a while, repeating step 4), until the grain moisture content in the grain storage element (2) that dries in the air≤14.5%;
5) store grain
When grain moisture content≤14.5%, close mobile top cover (5), put down the upper soft material cover layer (8) on the wall, the whole grain repository that dries in the air is covered, make the grain in the storage warehouse be in storing state.
18. the dry and method that stores grain of the described grain that dries in the air according to claim 17, it is characterized in that: after the step 5), also comprise unloading or the step of putting out cereal: the grain that stores a period of time will be sold or move when use it for anything else, unlatching put out cereal the door (21), grain is from an outflow of putting out cereal, fall belt conveyor, or on the conveying worm, loading on the transporting equipment.
19. the described method that grain is dry and store grain of drying in the air is characterized in that: by falling mutually of grain in the two or more grain storage warehouses that dry in the air of conveyer realization according to claim 17.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103913281A CN102907221A (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2012-10-16 | Stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn and grain airing, drying and storage method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210301735.9 | 2012-08-22 | ||
| CN201210301735 | 2012-08-22 | ||
| CN2012103913281A CN102907221A (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2012-10-16 | Stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn and grain airing, drying and storage method |
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| CN102907221A true CN102907221A (en) | 2013-02-06 |
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| CN2012103913281A Pending CN102907221A (en) | 2012-08-22 | 2012-10-16 | Stereoscopic combined grain airing and storage barn and grain airing, drying and storage method |
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| CN103229638A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-07 | 河北金博士农业机械有限公司 | Assembled corn ear drying storehouse |
| CN103283419A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏省大华种业集团有限公司 | Method for conserving high moisture seeds |
| CN103383132A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-06 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | Temperature and humidity control method for low-temperature low-humidity seed warehouse |
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| CN105961081A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏嘉贤米业有限公司 | Multifunctional intelligent room for rice cultivation and drying storage |
| CN106818080A (en) * | 2017-01-15 | 2017-06-13 | 阜阳职业技术学院 | Huanghuai Area corn drying generator storehouse and its drying process method |
| CN109855416A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-07 | 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of vertical drier |
| CN109855416B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2024-03-19 | 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 | Vertical dryer |
| CN110036772A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-23 | 天津市明伦电子技术股份公司 | A kind of automatic receipts grain puts the storage shelf of grain |
| CN110073824A (en) * | 2019-06-22 | 2019-08-02 | 河南工大设计研究院 | A kind of integrated storehouse suitable for food storage |
| CN111708286A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-09-25 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Wisdom agricultural device based on internet of things |
| CN113371351A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-09-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Grain airing and storing device applied to rural residential roof |
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Application publication date: 20130206 |