CN102903959B - Matching method of lithium ion batteries - Google Patents

Matching method of lithium ion batteries Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102903959B
CN102903959B CN201210424108.4A CN201210424108A CN102903959B CN 102903959 B CN102903959 B CN 102903959B CN 201210424108 A CN201210424108 A CN 201210424108A CN 102903959 B CN102903959 B CN 102903959B
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China
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lithium ion
ion battery
battery
characteristic vector
capacity
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CN201210424108.4A
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CN102903959A (en
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杨帆
黄勇
李强
朱永利
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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Great Wall Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention discloses a matching method of lithium ion batteries, relating to lithium ion batteries and being used for more fully reflecting the difference between unit batteries to be matched and improving the battery matching quality and the integral property of a battery pack after matched. The matching method comprises the steps of: discharging a to-be-matched battery in a full-energy state to reach a low limit voltage in a first constant current, recording a discharge capacity Q1; charging to reach an upper limit voltage in a second constant current, recording a charge capacity Q2 and a charge voltage of the battery at intervals of T; charging to a stop current by using the upper limit voltage in a constant voltage form , recording a charge capacity Q3; calculating a capacity quality coefficient lambda; calculating similarity of a characteristic vector of the unit lithium ion battery, meeting the formula of lambda>=lambda0, and a standard characteristic vector to obtain a correlation coefficient; and according to a value of the correlation coefficient, grading according to a grading numerical value range. The invention is used for matching the lithium ion battery.

Description

A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery, relate in particular to a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method.
Background technology
Along with social development, the application of lithium ion battery is also more and more extensive.In actual applications, for the requirement that adapts to load often needs tens of even hundreds of cells are fitted together by series winding or parallel connection, to meet the demand of high voltage high power capacity.And theory requires the parameter such as internal resistance, capacity of these batteries will try one's best unanimously, thus the power maximum that can make battery discharge.But as all variant in the geometrical property of monomer rated capacity, monomer open circuit voltage, monomer charging voltage platform, monomer discharge voltage plateau, monomer internal resistance, monomer etc. because working condition, manufacturing environment, material behavior, equipment impact make for the battery parameter of same batch.So the inconsistency between cell is absolute being, therefore in actual applications, must go out the relatively good cell of consistency by combo Policy Filtering and carry out combo, assembling, just likely make the overall performance of battery pack reach gratifying degree.
The method for group matching generally adopting is at present: according to the capacity after cell partial volume, internal resistance, voltage, self discharge etc., draft the parameter area of each group, in same scope, be classified as one grade, same shelves can assemble use.The defect of the method is, these combo parameters can not fully reflect the difference between battery, and after causing assembling to use, the overall performance performance of battery pack is poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, more fully to reflect the difference for the treatment of between combo cell, the overall performance of battery pack after raising battery combo quality and combo.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the battery for the treatment of the full power state of combo discharge into lower voltage limit with the first continuous current, and record discharge capacity Q1.
Step 2, charge to upper voltage limit with the second continuous current, and record charging capacity Q2 and the charging voltage every time T battery.
Step 3, with described upper voltage limit constant voltage charge to cut-off current, and record charging capacity Q3.
Step 4, calculated capacity factor of merit
Step 5, as λ>=λ 0time, by arranged together in chronological order the described charging voltage of monomer lithium ion battery, the characteristic vector Y of compositing monomer lithium ion battery (y1, y2 ... yn); Calculate the characteristic vector of each monomer lithium ion battery and the similitude of standard feature vector obtains coefficient correlation γ yS; Wherein λ 0for the empirical value of capacity factor of merit; N is the dimension of characteristic vector, i.e. the number of the data point of the charging voltage of monomer lithium ion battery.
Step 6, according to coefficient correlation γ ySvalue, carry out stepping by Subsection measurements scope.
Further, between step 1 and step 2, also comprise the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute; Between step 2 and step 3, also comprise the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute.
Preferably, standard feature vector is for meeting λ>=λ 0the mean value of characteristic vector of all monomer lithium ion batteries.
Preferably, describedly meet λ>=λ 0the span of number M of lithium ion battery be: M>=200.
Preferably, the span of the dimension n of the characteristic vector of monomer lithium ion battery is: 1700 >=n >=1300.
Preferably, the time 10s >=T >=2s in step 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is according to capacity factor of merit λ, the coefficient correlation γ of battery ySvalue lithium ion battery is carried out to combo, can fully reflect the overall performance situation of cell life-span, capacity and battery charging and discharging, fully characterize the difference between battery, can filter out the battery that consistency is close and assemble use, avoid the deficiency of the sign ability of conventional method to battery consistency, improve combo quality, the performance of battery pack is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of the required use of embodiment be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
The flow chart of the lithium ion battery grouping method that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the flow chart of a kind of lithium ion battery grouping method providing for the embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the lithium ion battery for the treatment of the full power state of combo discharge into lower voltage limit with the first continuous current, and record discharge capacity Q1.
For example, lithium ion battery is lithium manganate battery, and its lower voltage limit is 3.0v, and the first continuous current can be (0.5C-1.5C) (rated capacity that C is lithium manganate battery).
Step 2, charge to upper voltage limit with the second continuous current, and record charging capacity Q2 and the charging voltage value every time T battery.
Also, taking lithium manganate battery as example, its upper voltage limit is 4.2v, and the second continuous current is (0.5C-1.5C).The concrete grammar that gathers charging voltage is: since the 0th second, record the 1st data, then every a voltage data of 2 seconds records, until collect n data point cut-off.
Step 3, with described upper voltage limit constant voltage charge to cut-off current, and record charging capacity Q3.
Still, taking lithium manganate battery as example, it is (0.01C-0.02C) by electric current.
Step 4, calculated capacity factor of merit
Can evaluate preferably the life-span length of lithium ion battery according to a large amount of capacity factors of merit in this step that experiment showed,, and in experimentation, find that the life-span of this lithium ion battery is just considered to meet the requirement of combo in the time of λ >=0.9.Therefore we define the empirical value λ of λ 0and λ 0>=0.9.
Step 5, as λ>=λ 0time, the charging voltage value of monomer lithium ion battery is arranged together in chronological order, characteristic vector Y (y1, the y2 of compositing monomer lithium ion battery, ... yn), calculate the characteristic vector of each monomer lithium ion battery and the similitude of standard feature vector obtains coefficient correlation γ yS.
The settle the standard method of characteristic vector of tradition is in the lithium ion battery of same production batch, to randomly draw M>=200 as standard cell, then gather according to the method described above the characteristic vector Y that discharge voltage and charging voltage obtain standard cell, M standard cell is averaging and obtains standard feature vector each can be met to λ>=λ in the present invention 0the mean value of characteristic vector of M lithium ion battery as standard feature vector, standard feature vector in the method of the characteristic vector that settles the standard provided by the invention more can accurately reflect treats the characteristic vector of combo lithium ion battery and the correlation of standard feature vector, and method is simple, without other draw samples again.
The method of calculating coefficient correlation is to utilize the correl function of the calculating coefficient correlation in excel document in existing office office software to calculate,
Step 6, according to coefficient correlation γ ySvalue, carry out stepping by Subsection measurements scope.
Like this needed combo lithium ion battery is sorted out to γ ySsame Subsection measurements scope be one grade, the battery of same class can combo uses.
According to γ ySvalue, carry out stepping by following Subsection measurements scope:
γ ySspan be 0.9-1.0, therefore can be by γ ySfor the lithium ion battery in (0.9-0.92) scope is divided into one grade, γ ySfor the lithium ion battery in (0.92-0.94) scope is divided into second gear, the like until γ yS=1.0.If the battery that the voltage data collecting or battery pack need is more, also can adopt the grouping ratio that scope is less to carry out stepping, as by γ ySfor the lithium ion battery in (0.9-0.91) scope is divided into one grade, γ ySfor the lithium ion battery in (0.91-0.92) scope is divided into second gear, the like until γ yS=1.0.
Above-mentioned battery stepping γ ySnumber range be artificial definite number range, those skilled in the art can determine according to actual needs, are that those skilled in the art can freely select; As long as guarantee that the battery combo of same class is used, and can realize the goal of the invention that battery assembling is used the overall performance of rear battery pack to be brought into play better.
As the further improvement of above-described embodiment, between step 1 and step 2, also comprise the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute; Between step 2 and step 3, also comprise the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute.Due to polarization, if do not leave standstill a period of time, can not accurately reflect the variation of inside lithium ion cell state, just can accurately not calculate the correlation between lithium ion battery yet.Therefore in order to make the performance of lithium ion battery of combo more approaching, to leave standstill a period of time at battery discharge to lower voltage limit with after being charged to upper voltage limit, preferably leave standstill 30 minutes in the present embodiment.
As the preferred version of above-described embodiment, meet λ>=λ 0the span of number M of lithium ion battery be: M>=200.The number of elements of monomer lithium ion battery of characteristic vector of being used for settling the standard is The more the better, can make like this standard feature vector more accurate, otherwise accuracy is poor.Preferred M >=200 of the present embodiment.
As the preferred version of above-described embodiment, the span of the dimension n of the characteristic vector of monomer lithium ion battery is: 1700 >=n >=1300.Lot of experimental data proves in the time of 1700 >=n >=1300, and the coefficient correlation difference maximum between vector more can characterize coherency state by the investigation in larger difference region like this.
As the preferred version of above-described embodiment, the span of the time T in step 2 is: 10s >=T >=2s.This is because T is less, the data point of the charging voltage collecting is more, but also higher to the sensitivity requirement of collecting device, experimental results show that, in the time of 10s >=T >=2s, both met and gathered more data point to calculate more accurately the correlation of lithium ion battery, met again the requirement of existing collecting device.
The present invention is according to capacity factor of merit λ, the coefficient correlation γ of battery ySvalue lithium ion battery is carried out to combo, can fully reflect the overall performance situation of cell life-span, capacity and battery charging and discharging, fully characterize the difference between battery, can filter out the battery that consistency is close and assemble use, avoid the deficiency of the sign ability of conventional method to battery consistency, improve combo quality, the performance of battery pack is improved.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, any be familiar with those skilled in the art the present invention disclose technical scope in; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of described claim.

Claims (6)

1. a lithium ion battery grouping method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the battery for the treatment of the full power state of combo discharge into lower voltage limit with the first continuous current, and record discharge capacity Q1;
Step 2, charge to upper voltage limit with the second continuous current, and record charging capacity Q2 and the charging voltage every time T battery;
Step 3, with described upper voltage limit constant voltage charge to cut-off current, and record charging capacity Q3;
Step 4, calculated capacity factor of merit
Step 5, as λ>=λ 0time, by arranged together in chronological order the described charging voltage of monomer lithium ion battery, the characteristic vector Y of compositing monomer lithium ion battery (y1, y2 ... yn); Calculate the characteristic vector of each monomer lithium ion battery and the similitude of standard feature vector obtains coefficient correlation γ yS; Wherein λ 0for the empirical value of capacity factor of merit, and λ 0>=0.9; N is the dimension of characteristic vector, i.e. the number of the data point of the charging voltage of monomer lithium ion battery;
Step 6, according to coefficient correlation γ ySvalue, carry out stepping by Subsection measurements scope.
2. lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute between step 1 and step 2, also comprises the step that leaves standstill 10-30 minute between step 2 and step 3.
3. lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, standard feature vector is for meeting λ>=λ 0the mean value of characteristic vector of all monomer lithium ion batteries.
4. lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, describedly meets λ>=λ 0the span of number M of lithium ion battery be: M>=200.
5. lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the span of the dimension n of the characteristic vector of monomer lithium ion battery is: 1700 >=n >=1300.
6. lithium ion battery grouping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, the span of time T is: 10s >=T >=2s.
CN201210424108.4A 2012-10-30 2012-10-30 Matching method of lithium ion batteries Expired - Fee Related CN102903959B (en)

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CN103176138B (en) * 2013-02-15 2015-09-09 中国南方电网有限责任公司调峰调频发电公司 A kind of electric battery preservation & testing method
CN103487758B (en) * 2013-09-16 2016-03-09 向勇 A kind of lithium ion battery grouping method
CN103545567B (en) * 2013-10-16 2016-02-03 宁波世捷新能源科技有限公司 A kind of method of quick sorting lithium ion battery
CN104201432A (en) * 2014-08-21 2014-12-10 于进财 Consistency configuration method for battery pack
CN104681851B (en) * 2015-02-09 2017-08-29 威睿电动汽车技术（苏州）有限公司 A kind of vapour vehicle lithium-ion power battery method for group matching
CN109375108A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-22 武汉瑞杰特材料有限责任公司 A kind of method that regeneration level can be recycled in quantitative assessment lithium battery
CN110797591B (en) * 2019-10-29 2021-07-16 深圳市普兰德储能技术有限公司 Rapid sorting method for lithium power echelon cell recombination and lithium power echelon recombination battery
CN112366370B (en) * 2020-09-28 2022-08-12 中天储能科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery matching method

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