Background technology
Most of threephase asynchronous that adopts in industrial and agricultural production mainly contains two kinds of frequency conversion reduction of speed technology and phase control techniques to the battery saving mode of this type of motor, is called for short variable mode and phased pattern.Variable mode is dynamically to adjust in real time motor speed, thereby reduces motor shaft power, realizes motor power saving.Phased pattern is the size by the detecting real-time motor load, adjust in real time the voltage and current of motor, under the prerequisite that does not change motor speed, guarantee dynamic, the exact matching of motor output torque and loading demand, effectively avoid motor to exert oneself excessive and waste of energy that bring.The variable mode power savings is remarkable, but because needs change motor speed, production efficiency is affected, thereby range of application is restricted.Phased pattern does not change motor speed, does not affect production efficiency, be of wide application, but power savings than variable mode slightly a little less than.
The electricity-saving appliance that designs for threephase asynchronous at present, or adopt the variable mode design, for the occasion that allows speed governing; Adopt the phase control techniques design, for the occasion that does not allow speed governing.Motor is solely adopted frequency conversion or the economize on electricity of phased pattern, just produced the contradiction between production efficiency and the electric energy.
Concrete-agitating industry for example, the roller type band conveyor is for delivery of sandstone.The actual loading situation of roller type band conveyor is divided into 3 kinds of zero load, underloading, heavy duties.From the whole technological process of concrete production, the production efficiency between each production link needs mutually coupling, carries the speed of sandstone in different time sections different demands to be arranged.Pair roller formula band conveyor is implemented single variable mode economize on electricity, can run into very light but the situation that the transporting velocity demand is very high of actual loading, at this moment variable mode economize on electricity has reduced the sandstone transporting velocity because reduce motor speed, has also just affected integral production efficient.Pair roller formula band conveyor is implemented single phased pattern economize on electricity, can run into the actual negative load-carrying but the not high situation of transporting velocity demand, and the at this moment basic performance of phased pattern power savings technical advantage not obvious, that do not reduce motor speed is not out.Single energy-saving mode can make particularly thorny between production efficiency and the electric energy.
But quite a few commercial production occasion along with the working time section is different, can successively occur allowing speed governing or not allowing 2 kinds of operating modes of speed governing, the application of the roller type band conveyor of routine concrete-agitating industry described above.
Therefore, need new motor power saving technology of development, simultaneously integrated frequency conversion and phased two kinds of energy-saving modes, according to the different production requirements of different time sections, intelligence is switched energy-saving mode, solves the contradiction between production efficiency and the electric energy.On the other hand, also need the switching with the motor power saving pattern, be based upon on the basis of Internet of Things application, according to the overall scheduling demand of production procedure, switch the battery saving mode of a plurality of production links, multiple electric motors by wireless Internet of Things real time remote control, realize the systematization economize on electricity.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides the compatible frequency conversion of a kind of energy and phased two kinds of energy-saving modes, also can implement the threephase asynchronous machine power saving apparatus that energy-saving mode is switched by wireless Internet of Things, thereby solves production efficiency and electric energy contradiction.
The invention provides a kind of multimode Intelligent motor energy-saving application system based on Internet of Things, integrated frequency conversion and phased two kinds of motor power saving technology, possesses wireless internet of things functional, by the GPRS mobile radio networks, according to Production requirement, the electric motor saver of Long-distance Control industry spot is selected energy-saving mode, motor is implemented economize on electricity by the CSRC computing machine.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
This system comprises the phased electricity-saving appliance subsystem of multimode and CSRC subsystem.Wherein, multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem comprises frequency-variable energy-saving device, phased electricity-saving appliance, programmed switch, single-chip microcomputer, GPRS network unit, and the CSRC subsystem comprises CSRC computing machine, GPRS network unit.Multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem is implemented economize on electricity to motor with frequency conversion or phased pattern, and the CSRC subsystem is by the GPRS mobile radio networks, and Remote is selected the energy-saving mode of multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem.The CSRC computing machine produces the energy-saving mode switching command according to need of production, by the GPRS network unit, by the GPRS mobile radio networks, passes to the multimode electricity-saving appliance of industry spot.GPRS network unit in the multimode electricity-saving appliance receives the energy-saving mode switching command from the GPRS mobile radio networks, resolves to the control signal of programmed switch, and the use of frequency-variable energy-saving device, phased electricity-saving appliance is implemented to select to switch.
Further scheme is:
Frequency-variable energy-saving device: frequency-variable energy-saving device adopts the economize on electricity of frequency conversion reduction of speed principle.The ac power frequency of threephase asynchronous machine is directly proportional with rotating speed, and rotating speed is directly proportional with 3 powers of shaft power.Therefore, suitably reducing work frequency can significantly reduce the consumption of shaft power.Frequency-variable energy-saving device is comprised of rectifier, wave filter, inverter, single-chip microcomputer, U/f pattern formation device, clamp-pulse generator.Rectifier becomes direct current with the three-phase electricity rectification of input, through wave filter elimination higher hamonic wave and clutter, gives inverter, and inverter is converted to direct current energy in the alternating current of power frequency or assigned frequency.The frequency of the alternating current of inverter output is controlled, adopts the pwm pulse control mode, and the frequency control function is realized jointly by single-chip microcomputer, U/f pattern formation, 3 unit of clamp-pulse generator.Single-chip microcomputer produces steering order, gives U/f pattern formation unit, and U/f pattern formation unit resolves to frequency control signal, voltage control signal with steering order, as the pwm pulse parameter, gives clamp-pulse generator, produces required pwm pulse.The amplitude of pwm pulse represents the voltage of the alternating current of needs output, the frequency of the alternating current that the frequency representation of pwm pulse need to be exported.The pwm pulse that possesses certain amplitude and frequency is given inverter, and control inverter is converted to required frequency, the AC energy of voltage with direct current energy.
Phased electricity-saving appliance: phased electricity-saving appliance adopts dynamic detection motor load size, adjusts in real time voltage, electric current, presses the actual user demand power supply of motor, saves unnecessary waste of energy.Phased electricity-saving appliance is by numerical control switch, current transformer, voltage transformer (VT), silicon controlled module, signal processing, single-chip microcomputer, power supply control, phase shortage detection, fault and power controlling composition.Three-phase electricity is inputted phased electricity-saving appliance, under the detection of three groups of voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformers, obtain the electric current and voltage variable signal of three-phase electricity, be converted to phase signal between the voltage and current by signal processing unit, give single-chip microcomputer, by single-chip microcomputer this signal is processed, when phase differential hour, motor load is large, and at this moment single-chip microcomputer is supplied with the large electric current of motor by the control silicon controlled module.Otherwise when phase place is large when poor, motor load is little, and at this moment the machine controllable silicon module is supplied with the little electric current of motor, realizes as required power supply.
Programmed switch: programmed switch is selected to switch to frequency-variable energy-saving device and phased electricity-saving appliance, according to the steering order of single-chip microcomputer, selects required energy-saving device.
Single-chip microcomputer: be the control section of multimode electricity-saving appliance, send control signal to programmed switch, frequency-variable energy-saving device and phased electricity-saving appliance are selected to switch.Single-chip microcomputer receives the energy-saving mode switching command that the CSRC computer radio transmits by the GPRS network unit, according to instruction control programmed switch, selects energy-saving mode.
GPRS network unit: be responsible for wireless communication, be distributed in respectively CSRC subsystem and multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem.In the CSRC subsystem, the GPRS network unit receives and transmits the steering order of computing machine, by the GPRS mobile radio networks, passes to the multimode electricity-saving appliance of industry spot.At the multimode electricity-saving appliance of industry spot, the GPRS network unit receives and transmits the energy-saving mode switching command from the CSRC subsystem by the GPRS mobile radio networks, and is converted to the control signal of programmed switch, and the selection of control electricity-saving appliance is switched.
CSRC computing machine: adopt the PC configuration operation Windows2000 of system, dispose corresponding CSRC software.The energy-saving mode switching controls instruction of CSRC software is sent by the RS232 serial ports, and received by the GPRS network unit and transmit, through the GPRS mobile radio network, the long-range multimode electricity-saving appliance that sends to industry spot.
According to the present invention, because therefore compatible frequency conversion and phased two kinds of power-saving techniques and use based on wireless Internet of Things, can under the prerequisite that guarantees normal production efficiency, improve electric energy to greatest extent.
Embodiment
The below describes the specific embodiment of the present invention:
The embodiment of system:
As shown in Figure 1, described multimode Intelligent motor energy-saving application system based on Internet of Things is comprised of the phased electricity-saving appliance subsystem of multimode and CSRC subsystem.Wherein, multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem is comprised of frequency-variable energy-saving device, phased electricity-saving appliance, programmed switch, single-chip microcomputer, GPRS network unit, and the CSRC subsystem is comprised of CSRC computing machine, GPRS network unit.Multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem is implemented economize on electricity to motor with frequency conversion or phased pattern, and the CSRC subsystem is by the GPRS mobile radio networks, and Remote is selected the energy-saving mode of multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem.Wherein, the equipment of CSRC subsystem only has a cover, and the multimode electricity-saving appliance in the multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem has one or more sets.
The integrated frequency-variable energy-saving device of multimode electricity-saving appliance subsystem, phased electricity-saving appliance, programmed switch, single-chip microcomputer, GPRS network unit are concentrated and are assembled into a multimode electricity-saving appliance, are connected on the motor power-supply wire.CSRC subsystem integrating central supervisory control comuter, GPRS network unit, the GPRS network unit connects on computers by the RS232 serial ports.
The input end of multimode electricity-saving appliance links to each other with the 380V three-phase alternating-current supply of electrical network, and the output terminal of multimode electricity-saving appliance links to each other with motor power-supply wire, and the network communication interface of multimode electricity-saving appliance is connected with the GPRS mobile radio networks.The programmed switch of multimode electricity-saving appliance inside has 2, the input end at the multimode electricity-saving appliance, and another is at the output terminal of multimode electricity-saving appliance.The 380V three-phase alternating-current supply of input end programmed switch input electrical network is selected to switch to frequency-variable energy-saving device or phased electricity-saving appliance.The program control input of output terminal selects to switch output 1 tunnel to motor from the power supply of frequency-variable energy-saving device or phased electricity-saving appliance.The single-chip microcomputer of multimode electricity-saving appliance inside links to each other the output switching control signal by the TTL digital signal line with 2 programmed switches.When switch-over control signal is logical one, select the frequency conversion power saving pattern, frequency-variable energy-saving device is primary electricity-saving appliance; When switch-over control signal is logical zero, select phased energy-saving mode, phased electricity-saving appliance is primary electricity-saving appliance.Single-chip microcomputer links to each other with the GPRS network unit of multimode electricity-saving appliance inside by the RS232 serial ports, receives the energy-saving mode switching command.The GPRS network unit of multimode electricity-saving appliance inside links to each other with the GPRS mobile radio networks of outside, receives from the wireless energy-saving mode switching command that transmits of CSRC subsystem.
The below is further described the embodiment of each unit ingredient:
The embodiment of frequency-variable energy-saving device:
As shown in Figure 2, described frequency-variable energy-saving device is comprised of rectifier, wave filter, inverter, single-chip microcomputer, U/f pattern formation device, clamp-pulse generator.
Rectifier becomes direct current with the three-phase electricity rectification of input, through wave filter elimination higher hamonic wave and clutter, gives inverter, and inverter is converted to direct current energy in the alternating current of power frequency or assigned frequency.The frequency of the alternating current of inverter output is controlled, adopts the pwm pulse control mode, and the frequency control function is realized jointly by single-chip microcomputer, U/f pattern formation, 3 unit of clamp-pulse generator.Single-chip microcomputer produces steering order, gives U/f pattern formation unit, and U/f pattern formation unit resolves to frequency control signal, voltage control signal with steering order, as the pwm pulse parameter, gives clamp-pulse generator, produces required pwm pulse.The amplitude of pwm pulse represents the voltage of the alternating current of needs output, the frequency of the alternating current that the frequency representation of pwm pulse need to be exported.The pwm pulse that possesses certain amplitude and frequency is given inverter, and control inverter is converted to required frequency, the AC energy of voltage with direct current energy.
Rectifier adopts the integrated rectification module of CZ28 series to realize, wave filter adopts the integrating filtering module of the LLB series of L-type topological structure to realize, inverter adopts the integrated BJT module of BJT module HT38 series to realize.Single-chip microcomputer adopts PIC16C72, and U/f pattern formation unit adopts integration module FC1202 to realize, clamp-pulse generator adopts integrated pwm pulse generation module PF2062 to realize.Adopt the RS232 Serial Port Line to be connected between single-chip microcomputer and the U/f pattern formation unit, adopt two TTL digital signal data lines to link to each other between U/f pattern formation unit and the clamp-pulse generator, distinguish transmitted frequency control word and Control of Voltage word.Adopt concentric cable to be connected between clamp-pulse generator and the inverter.
The embodiment of phased electricity-saving appliance:
As shown in Figure 3, described phased electricity-saving appliance is by numerical control switch, current transformer, voltage transformer (VT), silicon controlled module, signal processing, single-chip microcomputer, power supply control, phase shortage detection, fault and power controlling composition.
Single-chip microcomputer is controlled numerical control switch by power control unit, three-phase electricity is introduced phased electricity-saving appliance, under the detection of three groups of voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformers, can obtain the electric current and voltage variable signal of three-phase electricity, obtain the phase signal of voltage and current by signal processing unit, single-chip microcomputer is processed this signal, when phase differential hour, motor load is large, and at this moment single-chip microcomputer is by fault and power control module, and the control silicon controlled module is supplied with the large electric current of motor.Otherwise when phase differential was large, motor load was little, and at this moment single-chip microcomputer is by fault and power control module, and the control silicon controlled module is supplied with the little electric current of motor, realizes as required power supply.
Single-chip microcomputer adopts MCS-8051, and top speed can realize that 4 * 105 times/second electric current and voltage detects, and effectively detects in real time the electric current and voltage phase differential and changes, and realizes the real-time control of power supply.Numerical control switch adopts the A.C. contactor that TTL numerical control interface is arranged to realize that when control signal was logical one, three-phase electricity was switched into electricity-saving appliance, and when control signal was logical zero, three-phase electricity was cut off.The control line of numerical control switch adopts TTL digital signal data line to realize, is connected on the power control unit.The temperature of the real-time checkout equipment of power control unit is sent the control signal that signal is logical zero when device temperature is too high, cut off the input of three-phase electricity.When device temperature is normal, send the control signal that signal is logical one, connect the input of three-phase electricity.The phase shortage detecting unit detects the electric current of each phase line of three-phase electricity in real time, when on detecting arbitrary phase line, not having electric current, just testing result is passed to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer is assigned instruction immediately to fault and power control module, sends the current path that control signal is cut off silicon controlled module.Silicon controlled module adopts the Realization of Product of MTC series.Power control unit is passed to single-chip microcomputer by TTL digital signal data line in real time with the working temperature state, and signal represents excess Temperature when being logical one, and signal represents when being logical zero that temperature is normal.The line of single-chip microcomputer and fault and power control module adopts TTL digital signal data line to realize that signal represents conducting when being logical one, and signal represents when being logical zero to cut off.The line of phase shortage detecting unit and single-chip microcomputer adopts TTL digital signal data line to realize that signal represents fault when being logical one, and signal represents when being logical zero normally.
The embodiment of programmed switch:
Described programmed switch adopts the A.C. contactor pack module CJX-2-1-380-TTL with the TTL control interface to realize.CJX-2-1-380-TTL A.C. contactor pack module plays the switching effect of single-pole double-throw (SPDT) to the 380V three-phase supply; By the digital controlled signal of control end input Transistor-Transistor Logic level, when signal was logical one, it was primary selecting phased electricity-saving appliance, and when signal was logical zero, it was primary selecting frequency-variable energy-saving device; Digital controlled signal is from single-chip microcomputer.The A.C. contactor pack module has 2, respectively at input end and the output terminal of multimode electricity-saving appliance; 2 A.C. contactor pack modules link under Single-chip Controlling, and frequency-variable energy-saving device, phased electricity-saving appliance are selected to switch.
The embodiment of single-chip microcomputer:
Described single-chip microcomputer adopts and makes microprocessor as PIC16C72.PIC16C72 has 2 PWM passages, 5 A/D ALT-CH alternate channels, 1 CCP module, 3 timers, 11 interrupt resources.μ PIC16C72 adopts reduced instruction set computer, optimizes instruction mode, and instruction efficient is high, and code compaction efficient is high, and is low in energy consumption.Single-chip microcomputer adopts the 4M crystal oscillator, and the instruction cycle is 0.25 μ s.Data D0 exports to the position programmed switch as switch-over control signal.Single-chip microcomputer links to each other with the GPRS network unit by the RS232 serial ports, reception is received the energy-saving mode switching command of transmitting by the GPRS network unit, again instruction be resolved to digital TTL signal to programmed switch, signal is that logical one represents phased electricity-saving appliance is chosen as primary energy-saving device, and signal is that logical zero represents frequency-variable energy-saving device is chosen as primary energy-saving device.
The embodiment of GPRS network unit:
As shown in Figure 4, described GPRS network unit is by microprocessor, GPRS communication module, growth data reservoir, SIM card seat, RS232 interface.The GPRS communication module partly is comprised of single-chip microcomputer, GPRS communication module, SIM card seat, external interface and the growth data storer etc. that embed ICP/IP protocol.Single-chip Controlling GPRS communication module receives and transmission information, carries out data communication by standard RS232 serial ports and the external world.Realize interrupting with software, finish the forwarding of data.
Single-chip microcomputer adopts the MSC1210Y5 of TIX, and clock frequency is 33MHz, 32KB Flash program storage, and SRAM on 256B internal RAM and the 1024B sheet, the 2KB booting ROM is supported serial and parallel in-system programming.Double Data pointer DPTR0 and DPTR1 can accelerate the translational speed of data block.
The main implementation procedure of single-chip microcomputer is as follows:
By AT instruction initialization GPRS communication module, make it to be connected on the GPSR network, obtain the GPRS IP address of terminal of Virtual network operator dynamic assignment, and connect with the purpose terminal.Communicate by serial ports 0 expansion MAX232 standard serial port and the external world.Multiplexing P1.2 and P1.3, namely serial ports 1 is connected respectively TXD0 and is connected with RXD0 with the GPRS communication module, 6 ports of other of P1 mouth are received respectively residue RS232 communication port corresponding to GPRS module, by the transceiving data of software set initialization and control GPRS communication module.
The growth data memory portion:
The Flash storer of MSC1210 can be all as the Flash program storage, also can be all as data Flash program.Because embed the real-time oss procotol of unifying, need certain space, therefore with it all as program storage.Expansion 6264 is as external data memory.
The GPRS communication module adopts the MC35 module of German Simens company.MC35 is comprised of the ZIF socket of radio-frequency antenna, inner Flash, SRAM, GSM baseband processor, coupling power supply and 40 pin.The GSM baseband processor is core component, is equivalent to protocol processor, processes external system and sends the AT instruction by serial ports.The main modulation and demodulation that realize signal of radio-frequency antenna part, and the conversion of the signal between external radio-frequency signal and the inner baseband processor.The coupling power supply provides working power for processor, base band, radio frequency part.
The embodiment of CSRC computing machine:
Described CSRC computing machine adopts common PC to realize, the Windows2000 of configuration operation system, and dispose corresponding CSRC software.The Windows2000 operating system security is firm, is fit to Industry Control Application.The steering order of CSRC software is sent by the RS232 serial ports, and received by the GPRS network unit and transmit, through the GPRS mobile radio network, the long-range multimode electricity-saving appliance that sends to industry spot.