CN102886509A - Production method for extra large/thick ingots - Google Patents
Production method for extra large/thick ingots Download PDFInfo
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- CN102886509A CN102886509A CN201110203014XA CN201110203014A CN102886509A CN 102886509 A CN102886509 A CN 102886509A CN 201110203014X A CN201110203014X A CN 201110203014XA CN 201110203014 A CN201110203014 A CN 201110203014A CN 102886509 A CN102886509 A CN 102886509A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method for extra large/thick ingots. The production method comprises the following steps of: (1), preparing a hollow ingot and a solid ingot, wherein the hollow ingot is cylindrical or rectangular, and the solid ingot is cylindrical or rectangular, the outer shape and specification of the solid ingot are suitable for the solid ingot to be inserted into the hollow cavity of the hollow ingot; and (2), after surface treatment is carried out on the outer surface of the solid ingot and the inner surface of the hollow ingot, processing electroslag remelting by using the hollow ingot as a crystallizer and using the solid ingot as a consumable electrode. According to the preparation for the extra large/thick ingots, a die casting method is used for producing the cylindrical or rectangular hollow and solid ingots, and the hollow ingot and the solid ingot are used as the crystallizer and the consumable electrode to process electroslag remelting, so that large size ingots with excellent solidification quality are produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of cast metals, relate in particular to the difficult super large of producing such as the method that adopts die casting and electroslag remelting or the production of super thick size ingot-casting, belong to casting field.
Background technology
The production of large size ingot-casting is the difficult point place of casting field always, but there is very large demand in market for large specification steel, the mould steel, boiler vessel that comprises large specification with steel and nuclear power with steel etc.The casting method of producing at present large specification ESR ingot mainly comprises die casting, these two kinds of methods of electroslag remelting.Because the restriction of cooling condition, there is very large defective the production aspect that is moulded into large specification ingot shape, it is general that serious segregation and center porosity can appear in ingot casting after diameter or thickness surpass 1000mm, cause detecting a flaw can't by or properties of product do not reach requirement.Although and the intensity of cooling of electroslag remelting is better than die casting, along with the increase of ingot shape size, the intensity of cooling at ESR ingot center more and more a little less than, after diameter or thickness surpass 1200mm, the solidifying segregation control of ESR ingot is just become very difficult.According to solidification theory, in the casting process of steel ingot, local solidification time has determined the quality of ingot solidification quality.Local solidification time represents with following formula:
t
LST＝δ
TLS/ε
In the formula, t
LSTThe expression local solidification time, δ
TLSThe liquidus curve of expression molten steel and the temperature difference between the solidus, ε represents cooling velocity.Therefore, in the situation that steel grades is determined, want to obtain to have the low segregation of good Solidification Quality, low loose ingot casting, must have faster cooling velocity, and along with the diameter of ingot casting surpasses critical dimension, the cooling velocity at conventional die castings or electroslag remelting ingot casting center significantly descends, and can't satisfy the requirement to Solidification Quality control.
The metallargist has expected that the small dimension ingot casting that will have good Solidification Quality connects by certain mode by being similar to the mode of " assembling " thus, thereby " assembling " becomes large size ingot-casting.According to patent retrieval, application number is the production method that 200810249817.7 Chinese patent literature discloses a kind of ingot casting, employing is with two block casting bases combination stack, and the electron-beam welder vacuum chamber of packing into vacuumizes, and adopts the method for electron beam welding sealing side seam to produce super-thick steel plate.The method can only be produced heavy slab, and can not produce large specification billet, and utilizes the method for electron gun welding can only make the degree of depth more shallow below the surface be able to seam, and can not make two boards base real " assembling " become a slab.
Therefore, along with the increase of ingot shape size (diameter or thickness), in the casting process intensity of cooling of middle part more and more a little less than, based on the result of metal solidification process choosing minute crystallization, in the centre of large size ingot-casting serious segregation and rarefaction defect can appear.Under current technical conditions, no matter be traditional die casting, or traditional electroslag remelting technique all can't satisfy super large or super thick size ingot-casting to the demand of Solidification Quality.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the production method of a kind of super large or super thick size ingot-casting, and it has solved the serious deficiency of ingot casting central defect of producing in the existing method.
Its technical problem to be solved can be implemented by the following technical programs.
A kind of super large/thick size ingot-casting production method may further comprise the steps:
(1), be on the waiting list hollow cast ingot and solid ingot casting, described hollow cast ingot is cylindrical or cuboid, described solid ingot casting is cylindrical or cuboid, wherein the profile specification of solid ingot casting is suitable assigns in the hollow cavity of hollow cast ingot;
(2), the inner surface of the outer surface of solid ingot casting and hollow cast ingot carried out surface treatment after, take described hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, take described solid ingot casting as consutrode, carry out electroslag remelting.
As the further improvement of the technical program, assigning described solid ingot casting in described hollow cast ingot hollow cavity and the packing ratio of described hollow cavity is 0.6-0.92.And the suitable spacing that keeps solid ingot casting and hollow cast ingot internal chamber wall can avoid in the esr process electric arc to the adverse effect of product preparation.
Also as the further improvement of the technical program, described hollow cast ingot and/or described solid ingot casting utilize die casting method to make.Wherein, described die casting method is top teeming process or bottom running.
Also as the further improvement of the technical program, described surface treatment comprises the removal of figuring of surface and surface scale.
In addition, described hollow cast ingot can have the above hollow cavity, and each described hollow cavity corresponding described solid ingot casting that is used for carrying out electroslag remelting respectively.And the method that becomes the hollow cast ingot of a plurality of cavitys by mold can realize the production of larger size ingot-casting.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of larger (thick) size ingot-casting production method, the ingot casting of its larger specification by utilizing the preparation of above-mentioned electroslag remelting utilizes the method for electroslag remelting to make the ingot casting of larger specification as new solid ingot casting again as new consutrode.
The method may further comprise the steps:
(1), be on the waiting list hollow cast ingot and solid ingot casting, described hollow cast ingot is cylindrical or cuboid, described solid ingot casting is cylindrical or cuboid, wherein the profile specification of solid ingot casting is suitable assigns in the hollow cavity of hollow cast ingot;
Wherein, described solid ingot casting is prepared from by aforesaid production method;
(2), the inner surface of the outer surface of solid ingot casting and hollow cast ingot carried out surface treatment after, take described hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, take described solid ingot casting as consutrode, carry out electroslag remelting.
The present invention is based on the basic principle of solidifying, have the characteristics of utilizing the economical of die casting method good with the control of electroslag remelting centering small dimension ingot shape Solidification Quality concurrently, large ingot shape is resolved into some little ingot shapes, utilize die casting method to produce hollow cast ingot and solid ingot casting respectively as crystallizer and consutrode, carry out again electroslag remelting.Thereby make the super large of production or super thick size ingot-casting both have good Solidification Quality, greatly alleviated the center segregation of large size ingot-casting and loose deficiency.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention being done one describes in detail.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes combined method to produce the schematic diagram of large size ingot-casting;
Fig. 2 is the macrograph at position, junction among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the macrograph of the WSM718R steel produced among the embodiment 2;
The specific embodiment
For low cost and the high-quality requirement that realizes that the super large-scale ingot casting is produced, the present invention is according to the basic principle of metal freezing, adopt small dimension ingot casting " combination " to become the method for large size ingot-casting, guaranteed that the process of setting of molten steel has stronger cooling velocity from start to finish.
The present invention at first utilizes die casting method, the molten steel that refining is complete utilizes top teeming process or bottom running to be cast into the solid ingot casting of circle (or rectangle), and the hollow cast ingot of circular (or rectangle), the ratio of solid ingot diameter (length) and hollow ingot internal diameter (length) that is to say that packing ratio when carrying out electroslag remelting is between 0.6-0.85 between 0.6-0.85.Because the specification of the solid ingot casting of die casting process less (diameter 800mm or thickness 500mm are following), and hollow ingot is affected by the cooling of inside and outside, the cooling velocity of molten steel is all very fast, chill in ingot casting limit section forms equiax crystal, inside then forms column crystal, crystalline structure is fine and close, and Solidification Quality is good.
As shown in Figure 1, be the whole production method of the present invention, the effect of each step and moulding signal; Along having illustrated the state of A, B, C three phases among the direction of arrow figure, the A stage is the stage of getting the raw materials ready, utilize die casting method to produce the solid and hollow cast ingot of appropriate size; The B stage has then been illustrated take solid ingot casting as consutrode, take hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, has utilized electroslag remelting process with the state of solid ingot and hollow ingot fusion; The C stage is for producing the finished product of the good large size ingot-casting of Solidification Quality after excision end to end.
Wherein, specific implementation method can be with reference to following examples.
Embodiment 1
Steel grade is H13, and composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Chemical composition | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | V | P | S |
| wt％ | 0.32-0.45 | 0.80-1.20 | 0.20-0.50 | 4.75-5.50 | 1.10-1.75 | 0.80-1.2 | ≤0.03 | ≤0.03 |
The H13 molten steel is after furnace melting, the refining of LF stove, utilize the die casting top teeming process to be cast into diameter and be the solid ingot casting of 760mm, and internal-and external diameter is respectively the hollow cast ingot of 840mm, 1300mm, and the outer surface of solid ingot casting and the inner surface of hollow ingot are carried out reconditioning, and surface scale is removed.Take hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, solid ingot casting is consutrode, and the remelting slag system adopts pure CaF
2, adopt with steel grade to start plate, melting current 12000A, remelting fire door voltage 41V.Reflow process adopts the control of permanent slag resistance immersion depth.Reflow process is steady, sample analysis is carried out at the position, junction show that fusion is good, does not find to wrap up in the phenomenons such as slag, the solidification of molten steel direction is oblique 45° angle, as shown in Figure 2, the defectives such as loose are not found in the low power detection that carry out in the ingot casting centre, the segregation rate of all elements is between 0.89-1.06.Inner General Loosen, center porosity, spot segregation without macro defects such as bubble, white point, slag inclusions, show that the large specification H13 ingot casting that adopts the present invention to produce has good Solidification Quality all less than 1.0 grades.
Embodiment 2
Steel grade is WSM718R, and composition is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Chemical composition | C | Si | Mn | S | Ni | Cr | Al | Mo |
| wt％ | 0.36 | 0.38 | 1.18 | 0.003 | 0.91 | 1.83 | 0.040 | 0.45 |
The WSM718R molten steel is after furnace melting, the refining of LF stove, utilize the die casting method of making a bet to be cast into diameter and be the solid ingot casting of 840*420mm, and inside and outside dimensions is respectively the hollow cast ingot of 1000*560mm, 1400*680mm, the outer surface of solid ingot casting and the inner surface of hollow ingot are carried out reconditioning, surface scale is removed.Take hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, solid ingot casting is consutrode, and the remelting slag system adopts pure CaF
2, adopt with steel grade to start plate, melting current 16000A, remelting fire door voltage 45V.Reflow process adopts the control of permanent slag resistance immersion depth.Reflow process is steady, sample analysis is carried out at the position, junction show that fusion is good, do not find to wrap up in the phenomenons such as slag, as shown in Figure 3, the defectives such as loose are not found in the low power detection that carry out in the ingot casting centre, the segregation rate of all elements is between 0.87-1.12, inner General Loosen, center porosity, spot segregation are all less than 1.0 grades, without macro defects such as bubble, white point, slag inclusions, meet quality control requirement, show that the large specification WSM718R slab ingot that adopts the present invention to produce has good Solidification Quality.
Embodiment 3
Utilize the die casting top teeming process, be cast into the hollow cast ingot that internal-and external diameter is respectively 1420mm, 1750mm, with diameter among the embodiment 1 be the ingot casting of 1300mm after Surface Machining is removed oxide layer as consutrode, again carry out electroslag remelting, remelting slag is CaF
2, melting current 22000A, remelting fire door voltage 50V, process adopts the control of permanent slag resistance immersion depth.Reflow process is steady, and inner General Loosen, center porosity, spot segregation all are no more than 1.0 grades, does not find the macro defects such as bubble, white point, slag inclusion.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises utilizes die casting method to produce circular or rectangular hollow and solid ingot casting, and utilize respectively hollow cast ingot and realize that ingot casting is as crystallizer and consutrode, again carry out electroslag remelting, thereby produce the large size ingot-casting with good Solidification Quality.
After the solid ingot of finishing the coupling specification and hollow ingot casting, the recycling electro-slag re-melting method, as crystallizer, solid ingot casting carries out electroslag remelting as consutrode with hollow cast ingot, thereby make solid ingot and hollow ingot again fuse into large size ingot-casting, and improved the Solidification Quality of solid ingot.Effectively avoided direct die casting, or directly during the large size ingot-casting of electroslag remelting, because the poor defectives such as loose and segregation that cause of centre cooling effect.
The present invention can also carry out repeatedly the electroslag remelting combination by the hollow ingot of a plurality of dimensions of die casting, thereby produces the ingot casting (more than the 2000mm) of larger specification.
The main feature of patent of the present invention is, by large size ingot-casting being resolved into a plurality of small dimension ingot castings, the recycling electroslag remelting carries out " assembling ", owing to the poor center porosity that causes of centre cooling effect and segregation, greatly improved the Solidification Quality of large ingot shape ingot casting when having avoided direct employing die casting or the large specification ESR ingot of electroslag remelting production.The present invention utilizes die casting to make the same steel grade crystallizer that electroslag remelting is used, and effectively reduces production cost, makes the production of large size ingot-casting have economical and good quality concurrently.
Claims (7)
1. super large/thick size ingot-casting production method may further comprise the steps:
(1), be on the waiting list hollow cast ingot and solid ingot casting, described hollow cast ingot is cylindrical or cuboid, described solid ingot casting is cylindrical or cuboid, wherein the profile specification of solid ingot casting is suitable assigns in the hollow cavity of hollow cast ingot;
(2), the inner surface of the outer surface of solid ingot casting and hollow cast ingot carried out surface treatment after, take described hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, take described solid ingot casting as consutrode, carry out electroslag remelting.
2. described super large/thick size ingot-casting production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, assigning described solid ingot casting in described hollow cast ingot hollow cavity and the packing ratio of described hollow cavity is 0.6-0.92.
3. described super large/thick size ingot-casting production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hollow cast ingot and/or described solid ingot casting utilize die casting method to make.
4. described super large/thick size ingot-casting production method according to claim 3 is characterized in that described die casting method is top teeming process or bottom running.
5. described super large/thick size ingot-casting production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described surface treatment comprises the removal of figuring of surface and surface scale.
6. described super large/thick size ingot-casting production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hollow cast ingot has the above hollow cavity, the respectively corresponding described solid ingot casting of each described hollow cavity.
7. super large/thick size ingot-casting production method may further comprise the steps:
(1), be on the waiting list hollow cast ingot and solid ingot casting, described hollow cast ingot is cylindrical or cuboid, described solid ingot casting is cylindrical or cuboid, wherein the profile specification of solid ingot casting is suitable assigns in the hollow cavity of hollow cast ingot;
Wherein, described solid ingot casting is prepared from by production method claimed in claim 1;
(2), the inner surface of the outer surface of solid ingot casting and hollow cast ingot carried out surface treatment after, take described hollow cast ingot as crystallizer, take described solid ingot casting as consutrode, carry out electroslag remelting.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115679156A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-03 | 陕西宝锐金属有限公司 | Process for preparing GH3230 alloy electroslag remelting slab ingot at low cost |
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| JPS60124442A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1985-07-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Production of composite steel ingot |
| SU1639880A1 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-04-07 | Западно-Сибирский Металлургический Комбинат Им.50-Летия Великого Октября | Plug for closed bottom ingot mould |
| CN101125362A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-02-20 | 丁家伟 | Casting method for manufacturing layered metal composite material technology and equipment |
| CN101153360A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method of producing large scale high-temperature alloy round cake |
| CN102029378A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing super-thick super-huge single steel ingot |
-
2011
- 2011-07-20 CN CN201110203014XA patent/CN102886509A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60124442A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1985-07-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Production of composite steel ingot |
| SU1639880A1 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-04-07 | Западно-Сибирский Металлургический Комбинат Им.50-Летия Великого Октября | Plug for closed bottom ingot mould |
| CN101153360A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method of producing large scale high-temperature alloy round cake |
| CN101125362A (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2008-02-20 | 丁家伟 | Casting method for manufacturing layered metal composite material technology and equipment |
| CN102029378A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-04-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing super-thick super-huge single steel ingot |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115679156A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-03 | 陕西宝锐金属有限公司 | Process for preparing GH3230 alloy electroslag remelting slab ingot at low cost |
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