CN102884916B - A kind of grape residual branch is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine for picking up, crushing and gathering residual grape branches, relating to the field of agricultural machinery, including a frame unit, a picking and crushing unit, a lateral gathering unit and a depth-limiting support unit. The frame unit includes a square steel frame, a reduction box and a semi-enclosed space formed by the front upper baffle, the right side baffle, the left side baffle, the gathering plate and the rear baffle fixed around the square steel frame; The roller and the lower roller are fixed on the left baffle and the right baffle respectively, and are connected with the power output shaft of the reduction box through pulleys, belts, and universal joints; the straight knives of the upper roller and the lower roller are arranged in a staggered manner; The screw conveying shaft of the unit is fixed on the left side baffle and the right side baffle, and is connected with the sprocket of the upper roller through the sprocket and chain, and the spiral plate is welded on the screw conveying shaft in a left direction spiral. The lateral gathering unit can be disassembled, and the residual branches are directly laid on the ground after crushing. The invention can also be used for picking and crushing residual branches in orchards or forest farms, which improves the versatility and utilization rate.

Description

A grape residual branch picking crushing and gathering machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a machine for picking up, crushing and gathering residual grape branches.

Background technique

my country is becoming more and more attractive among the main grape producing countries in the world. Since 1995, China’s grape production has grown rapidly. In 2010, the planting area reached 552,000 hectares, and the output was 8,548,000 tons. It has become the second largest grape producing country in the world, second only to in Italy. my country's grapes are mainly concentrated in Xinjiang, Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi, Jilin and Henan, mainly for fresh food and wine making. With the improvement of people's quality of life, the strengthening of health awareness, the health care effect of wine on the body has increased the demand for wine, which has greatly promoted the rapid development of high-quality grapes.

At present, after the grapes are harvested in autumn, the remaining branches and leaves are manually pruned and thrown between the rows of grapes, and then picked up by people and gathered on the ground. Manual picking is labor-intensive and low-efficiency; the residual branches piled up on the ground are either burned or rotted naturally, polluting the environment. With the rapid transfer of rural labor force in our country, the labor force used for grape production is becoming increasingly scarce, which has seriously affected the scale and industrialization of grape production. As a fertilizer for the vineyard, chemical fertilizers are saved.

According to the processing requirements of grape residues, the present invention designs a device that picks up residues between rows and crushes them, and gathers them to one side of the row at the same time, which facilitates subsequent ditching and deep burial, reduces labor intensity and improves work efficiency . At the same time, the device can also carry out residual branch operations in orchards or forest farms, improving the utilization rate and versatility of the device. At present, there are no other relevant mechanical research reports at home and abroad.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a machine for picking up, crushing and gathering residual branches, which can pick up, crush and gather residual branches or lay them on the ground, so as to reduce labor intensity and improve working efficiency. At the same time, the device can also carry out residual branch operations in orchards or forest farms, improving the utilization rate and versatility of the device.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a residual branch picking, crushing and gathering machine, which includes: a frame unit, a picking and crushing unit, a lateral gathering unit, and a depth-limiting support unit;

The rack unit comprises: a frame (1), a right side baffle (13), a left side baffle (37), a front upper baffle (18), a rear baffle (9) and a gathering plate (30), Thus forming a closed working space;

The picking and crushing unit includes: an upper roller (26), a lower roller (28), several roller knife fixing plates (40), and several straight knives (27). The right end of described upper roller (26) passes right side baffle plate (13) by bearing assembly, is connected together with upper roller belt pulley (33) and upper roller sprocket wheel (35). The left end of the lower roller (28) passes through the left side baffle plate (37) and is connected with the lower roller pulley (34) through a bearing assembly; several pairs of roller knives are welded on the upper roller (26) and the lower roller (28) respectively Fixed plate (40), a straight knife (27) is embedded in a pair of roller knife fixed plate (40), and some straight knives (27) of upper roller (26) and lower roller (28) are arranged in a staggered manner;

Behind the upper roller (26) and the lower roller (28), a slant plate (16) is established, and the slant plate (16) is fixed on the frame (1) by the slant plate fixing plate (17), so that the remaining branches are crushed Finally, under the cover of the swash plate 16, it slides down to the ground, which is convenient for the lateral conveying of the subsequent screw conveying part.

The lateral gathering unit includes a screw conveyor shaft (7) and a screw plate (8); the right end of the screw conveyor shaft (7) passes through the right side baffle plate (13) through a bearing combination, and the screw conveyor shaft sprocket (6) are connected together, and the screw conveyor shaft sprocket (6) is connected together with the upper roller sprocket (35) by a chain (25) to form the transmission of power. A left-hand spiral spiral plate (8) is welded on the spiral conveying shaft (7), so that the crushed residual branches are conveyed to the left side of the advancing direction. According to the needs of the operation, by replacing the screw conveying part of the left screw, the crushed residual branches can also be transported to the right side of the forward direction, or the residual branches can be directly crushed and laid on the ground without screw conveying.

The depth-limiting support unit includes a depth-limiting wheel (5), a depth-limiting wheel support rod (20) and a rocker fixing block (42); on the left and right sides of the frame (1), a depth-limiting support unit is arranged symmetrically ; The rocking bar fixed block (42) is fixed on the top of the frame (1), and the inner cavity is threaded. The depth gauge wheel (5) is fixed on the depth gauge wheel support rod (20). The rocker handle (19) of the depth gauge wheel is in the shape of "ㄣ", with threads at the lower end, passing through the rocker fixing block (42) from the top, and embedded in the inner cavity of the depth gauge wheel support rod (20), turn the depth gauge wheel Rocking handle (19), under the connection of screw thread, depth-limiting wheel support bar (20) moves up and down, drives depth-limiting wheel (5) to move up and down, thereby plays the effect of depth-limiting support.

Preferably, the picking and crushing unit includes: an upper roller (26), a lower roller (28), several roller knife fixing plates (40), and several straight knives (27);

Preferably, the right end of the upper roller (26) passes through the right side baffle plate (13) through a bearing combination, and is connected with the upper roller pulley (33) and the upper roller sprocket (35). The upper roller pulley (33) is connected with the right drive pulley (12) by a belt (38) to realize power rotation;

Preferably, the left end of the lower roller (28) is connected to the lower roller pulley (34) through the left side baffle plate (37) through the bearing combination, and the lower roller pulley (34) is connected to the left drive pulley (43) through the belt (38) ) connection to realize power rotation;

Preferably, several pairs of roller knife fixing plates (40) are welded respectively on the upper roller (26) and the lower roller (28), a straight knife (27) is embedded in a pair of roller knife fixing plates (40), and the upper roller Some straight knives (27) of (26) and lower roller (28) are arranged in a staggered manner;

Preferably, behind the upper roller (26) and the lower roller (28), a slant plate (16) is arranged, and the slant plate (16) is fixed on the frame (1) through the slant plate fixing plate (17), so that After the residual branch is crushed, it slides down to the ground under the cover of the inclined plate (16), which is convenient for the lateral conveying of the subsequent screw conveying part;

Preferably, the lateral gathering unit includes a screw conveying shaft (7) and a spiral plate (8); a right-hand spiral spiral plate (8) is welded on the screw conveying shaft (7), so that the crushed residual branches Convey to the left in the direction of travel. According to the needs of the operation, by replacing the screw conveying part of the left screw, the crushed residual branches can also be transported to the right side of the forward direction, or the residual branches can be directly crushed and laid on the ground without screw conveying.

Preferably, the right end of the screw conveyor shaft (7) passes through the right side baffle plate (13) through a bearing combination, and is connected with the screw conveyor shaft sprocket (6), and the screw conveyor shaft sprocket (6) passes through a chain ( 25) be connected together with upper roller sprocket wheel (35), form the transmission of power.

Preferably, the machine for picking up, crushing and gathering leftover branches is a machine for picking up, crushing and gathering leftover branches of grapes, and it can also be used for other fruit branches.

(3) Beneficial effects

The residual branch picking, crushing and gathering machine of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the tractor is used as the power, and the PTO power of the tractor is output through both sides of the reduction box, and is transmitted to the upper roller, the lower roller and the screw conveying unit respectively; On both sides of the front lower part, there is a gathering board that opens outwards, and a downward-sloping upper baffle is arranged on the top of the frame, so that the front of the frame is trumpet-shaped, which is convenient for collecting residual branches; through the upward movement of the lower roller, its The upper blade picks up the residual branches from the ground; the upper and lower rollers move in opposite directions, and the straight knives on the two rollers are staggered to crush the residual branches; through the spiral plate on the screw conveying shaft, the residual branches can be gathered to the left , the residual branches can also be gathered to the right by changing the spiral direction of the spiral plate; an inclined baffle is set on the rear side of the upper and lower rollers, which can block the crushed residual branches downward; The broken branches can be directly laid on the ground after crushing. The device can also be used in orchards, forest farms, etc. to improve versatility and utilization.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the front view of the overall mechanism

Fig. 2 is the top view of overall mechanism;

Fig. 3 is the left side view of overall mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of the left side view of the overall mechanism with the rear baffle removed;

In the figure: 1--frame 2--gear box 3--three-point suspension frame 4--universal joint coupling 5--depth limit wheel 6--screw conveyor shaft sprocket 7--screw conveyor shaft 8 --Spiral plate 9--Back baffle 10--Rubber plate 11--Pulley cover 12--Right drive pulley 13--Right baffle 14--Belt tensioner 15--Belt tensioner mounting plate 16 --Slope plate 17--Slope plate fixing plate 18--Front upper baffle plate 19-Depth limit wheel rocker 20--Depth limit wheel support rod 21--Spring fixing rod 22--Lock pin 23--Spring 24- -fixed ear 25--chain 26--upper roller 27--straight knife 28--lower roller 29--roller knife fixing bolt 30--gathering plate 31--chain cover 32--chain tensioner 33--upper Roller pulley 34--lower roller pulley 35--upper roller sprocket 36--knife seat 37--left baffle 38--belt 39--chain tensioner fixed plate 40--roller knife fixed plate 41-- Connecting orifice plate 42--rocker fixed block 43--left drive pulley

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The present invention is based on the following concept: 1. On both sides of the front and lower sides of the frame, an outwardly splayed gathering plate is respectively arranged, and a downwardly inclined upper baffle is arranged above the frame, so that the front of the frame is in the shape of a trumpet. It is convenient for the collection of residual branches; 2. Through the upward movement of the lower roller, the blade on it picks up the residual branches from the ground, avoiding the contact between the cutting knife and the ground, causing damage to the cutting knife; 3. Using the upper and lower rollers moving in opposite directions, The cutters on the roller are arranged in a staggered manner, which can crush the residual branches; 4. Through the spiral plate on the screw conveying shaft, the residual branches can be gathered to the left, and the residual branches can also be gathered to the right by changing the spiral direction of the spiral plate. 5. On the rear side of the upper and lower rollers, an inclined baffle is set to block the crushed residual branches downward; 6. If the spiral lateral conveying is not used, the residual branches can be directly crushed and laid on the ground. 7. The device can also be used in orchards, forest farms, etc. to improve versatility and utilization.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the grape residual branch picking, crushing and gathering machine is mainly used for picking up, crushing and gathering grape residual branches, which includes: a frame unit, a picking and crushing unit, a lateral Gathering units, depth-limiting support units.

(1) The frame unit includes: frame 1, right side baffle 13, left side baffle 37, front upper baffle 18, rear baffle 9 and gathering plate 30, thus forming a closed working space;

The frame 1 is made of square steel as the skeleton, and the steel plate is the top, which can carry the reduction box 2, the suspension mechanism 3, and the depth-limiting support part. Plate 13 and left side baffle plate 37, on the right side baffle plate 13, the chain drive of upper roller belt drive and helical roller is provided. On the left side baffle plate 37, a lower roller belt drive is set.

Described reduction box 2 has left and right sides drive output, is respectively connected by right drive pulley 12, left drive pulley 43, belt 38 with upper roll pulley 33 and lower roll pulley 34 by universal joint coupling 4, each on belt 38 A belt tensioner 14 is set, and the belt tensioner 14 is fixed on the right side baffle 13 and the left side baffle 37 through the belt tensioner mounting plate 15 .

The inner side of the upper roller pulley 33 is provided with an upper roller sprocket 35, the upper roller sprocket 35 is connected with the screw conveyor shaft sprocket 6 through a chain 25, and a chain tensioner 32 is arranged on the chain 25, and the chain tensioner 32 passes through Chain tensioner fixed plate 39 is fixed on the right side baffle plate 13.

Described on the right side baffle plate 13 fixes a pulley cover 11 and chain cover 31. A pulley cover 11 is fixed on the left side baffle plate 37 .

The rear portion of the frame 1 is provided with a tailgate 9, and the upper and middle parts of the tailgate 9 are respectively welded with a fixed ear 24 symmetrically. Overcoat spring 23, the upper side of spring fixing bar 21 passes the inner hole of the connection hole plate 41 welded at the back of frame 1, is fixed by lock pin 22. A plurality of holes are arranged on the spring fixing rod 21, and the height above the ground of the tailgate 9 can be adjusted.

A rubber plate 10 is arranged on the lower side of the rear baffle plate 9, which is close to the ground, and can effectively prevent the broken branches from being missed at the back of the machine.

The lower parts of the front ends of the right side baffle 13 and the left side baffle 37 are respectively provided with an outwardly inclined gathering plate 30 . A front upper baffle plate 18 is established on the top of the front of the frame 1, which is slightly inclined downwards, so that the front end forms a bell-mouth shape, which is convenient for the collection of residual branches.

(2) The picking and crushing unit includes: an upper roller 26 , a lower roller 28 , several roller knife fixing plates 40 , and several straight knives 27 . The left end of described upper roller 26 is fixed on the left side baffle plate 37 by bearing combination, and the right end passes right side baffle plate 13 by bearing combination, is connected together with upper roller belt pulley 33 and upper roller sprocket 35. The right end of the lower roller 28 is fixed on the right side baffle plate 13 through a bearing assembly, and the left end passes through the left side baffle plate 37 and is connected with the lower roller pulley 34 through a bearing assembly.

Several pairs of roller knife fixing plates 40 are welded respectively on the upper roller 26 and the lower roller 28, a straight knife 27 is embedded in a pair of roller knife fixing plates 40, and fixed by roller knife fixing bolts 29, the upper roller 26 and the lower roller Some straight knives 27 of 28 are arranged in a staggered manner, and have a certain distance to overlap, so that residual branches can be crushed in the gap. In order to prevent the broken branches from flying freely, in the inner cavity formed by the upper plate of the frame 1, the right side baffle plate 13 and the left side baffle plate 37, behind the upper roller 26 and the lower roller 28, a The slant plate 16 is fixed on the frame 1 through the slant plate fixing plate 17, after the residual branch is crushed, it slides down to the ground under the cover of the slant plate 16, which is convenient for the lateral conveying of the subsequent screw conveying part .

(3) The lateral gathering unit includes: the screw conveying shaft 7 and the screw plate 8 . The left end of the screw conveying shaft 7 is fixed on the left side baffle 37 through a bearing combination, and the right end passes through the right side baffle 13 through a bearing combination, and is connected with the screw conveying shaft sprocket 6 . Weld the left-hand helical screw plate 8 on the screw conveying shaft 7, the stump after the pulverization is transported to the left side of the advancing direction. According to the needs of the operation, by replacing the screw conveying part of the left screw, the crushed residual branches can also be transported to the right side of the forward direction, or the residual branches can be directly crushed and laid on the ground without screw conveying.

(4) The depth-limiting support unit includes: the depth-limiting wheel 5 , the depth-limiting wheel support rod 20 and the rocker fixing block 42 . On the left and right sides of the frame 1, a depth-limiting supporting part is arranged symmetrically. The depth-limiting wheel 5 is fixed on the depth-limiting wheel support rod 20, and the rocking bar fixing block 42 is fixed on the top of the frame 1, and the inner cavity is threaded. The depth-limiting wheel rocking handle 19 is "ㄣ" type, and the lower end is threaded, passes through the rocking bar fixing block 42 from the top, and is embedded in the inner chamber of the depth-limiting wheel support rod 20, rotates the depth-limiting wheel rocking handle 19, and Under the connection, the depth-limiting wheel support bar 20 moves up and down, drives the depth-limiting wheel 5 to move up and down, thereby plays the effect of depth-limiting support.

The grape residual branch picking, crushing and gathering machine described in the implementation of the present invention is mainly aimed at the grape residual branch operation.

The overall working process of the present invention is as follows: select a suitable tractor, mount the three-point suspension with the grape residual branch picking, crushing and gathering machine, connect the PTO of the tractor with the shaft of the reduction box 2 with a universal joint, and adjust the depth-limiting support unit The depth gauge wheel rocking handle 19 determines the height of the depth gauge wheel 5. Start the PTO of the tractor, run the upper roller 26, the lower roller 28 and the screw conveying unit, check the straight knife 27 running conditions. The tractor walks between the grape rows, picks up the twigs, crushes and gathers to the left. The screw conveying unit can also be disassembled, and the residual branches can be picked up and crushed, and then laid directly on the ground.

The present invention can also carry out the operation of picking up and crushing residual branches in orchards, forest farms, etc., and improves the versatility and utilization rate of the machine.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all Equivalent technical solutions also belong to the category of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a grape residual branch is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine, it is characterised in that including: rack unit, picks up pulverizing unit, laterally gather unit, limit deep support unit；

Described rack unit includes: frame (1), right-hand apron (13), left side baffle plate (37), front overhead gage (18), backboard (9) and gather plate (30), is consequently formed a working space closed；

Described pulverizing unit of picking up includes: upper roller (26), lower roll (28), some rollers cutter fixed plate (40), some straight knives (27)；The right-hand member of described upper roller (26) crosses right-hand apron (13) by bearing group is suitable, links together with upper roller belt pulley (33) and upper roller chain (35)；The left end of described lower roll (28) is connected with lower roll belt pulley (34) by baffle plate (37) on the left of the suitable mistake of bearing group；Some presetting roller blade fixed plates (40) it are respectively welded on described upper roller (26) and lower roll (28), one straight knife (27) is embedded in pair of rolls cutter fixed plate (40), and some straight knives (27) of upper roller (26) and lower roll (28) are in being staggered；

After described upper roller (26) and lower roll (28), if a swash plate (16), swash plate (16) is fixed in frame (1) by swash plate fixed plate (17), after making residual branch pulverize, under the blocking of swash plate (16), landing downwards is to ground, it is simple to the lateral conveying of follow-up helical feed part；

Described laterally gathering unit, the residual branch after pulverizing is brought to left side, right side or direct lay ground；Including screw conveyor shaft (7) and spiral lamina (8)；The right-hand member of described screw conveyor shaft (7) crosses right-hand apron (13) by bearing group is suitable, link together with screw conveyor shaft sprocket wheel (6), screw conveyor shaft sprocket wheel (6) is linked together with upper roller chain (35) by chain (25), forms the transmission of power；The upper spiral lamina (8) welding sinistral coiling of described screw conveyor shaft (7), makes the residual branch after pulverizing be transported to the left side of direction of advance；Described screw conveyor shaft (7) is by the helical feed part of spiral on the left of changing, residual branch after pulverizing is transported to the right side of direction of advance, or helical feed portion partition is gone, lay after directly residual branch being picked up pulverizing on the ground, to meet the different demands that residual branch is processed；

The deep support unit of described limit, including gauge wheel (5), gauge wheel support bar (20) and rocking bar fixed block (42)；In the left and right sides of frame (1), symmetry sets a deep support unit of limit；Rocking bar fixed block (42) is fixed on the top of frame (1), and inner chamber has screw thread；Gauge wheel (5) is fixed on gauge wheel support bar (20)；Gauge wheel rocking handle (19) is in " ㄣ " type, there is screw thread lower end, from top through rocking bar fixed block (42), it is embedded in the inner chamber of gauge wheel support bar (20), rotating gauge wheel rocking handle (19), under the connection of screw thread, gauge wheel support bar (20) moves up and down, drive gauge wheel (5) to move up and down, thus play the effect of limit ramus profundus support.

2. grape residual branch as claimed in claim 1 is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine; it is characterized in that; described frame (1) is skeleton by square steel, and steel plate is top, can carry reduction box (2), three-point hitch (3) and limit deep support unit.

3. grape residual branch as claimed in claim 1 is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine; it is characterized in that; the right-hand member of described upper roller (26) crosses right-hand apron (13) by bearing group is suitable; link together with upper roller belt pulley (33) and upper roller chain (35); upper roller belt pulley (33) is connected with right driving pulley (12) by belt (38), it is achieved powered rotation.

4. grape residual branch as claimed in claim 1 is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine; it is characterized in that; the left end of described lower roll (28) is connected with lower roll belt pulley (34) by baffle plate (37) on the left of the suitable mistake of bearing group; lower roll belt pulley (34) is connected with Left Drive belt pulley (43) by belt (38), it is achieved powered rotation.

5. the grape residual branch as described in one of Claims 1-4 is picked up pulverizing and is gathered machine, it is characterised in that it is grape residual branch operation that described residual branch pick up pulverizing to be gathered machine, and other orchards or the residual branch operation in forest farm.