CN102876910A - High-silicon aluminum alloy production method - Google Patents
High-silicon aluminum alloy production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102876910A CN102876910A CN2012103729480A CN201210372948A CN102876910A CN 102876910 A CN102876910 A CN 102876910A CN 2012103729480 A CN2012103729480 A CN 2012103729480A CN 201210372948 A CN201210372948 A CN 201210372948A CN 102876910 A CN102876910 A CN 102876910A
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Abstract
A high-silicon aluminum alloy production method includes mixing 20-30% of silicon carbide aluminum alloy with 70-80% of solid silicon according to weight proportion, placing the mixture into a medium-frequency induction furnace to remelt; dissolving silicon carbide on the lower portion in silicon liquid and dissolving aluminum on the upper portion after remelting, and separating solution on the upper portion from solution on the lower portion; adding alloy elements such as copper, aluminum titanium, aluminum manganese, aluminum nickel, magnesium, iron, zinc, bismuth into mixture of obtained aluminum and the silicon liquid; refining, slagging and casting to product high-silicon aluminum alloy, wherein the silicon carbide accounts for 60-80% around, and the aluminum accounts for 20-40% around. The high-silicon aluminum alloy produced can be used for manufacturing engine bodies, brake discs, belt pulleys, pumps and automotive air-conditioning compressors and other spare parts having requirements for wear resistance.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to field of aluminum alloys, particularly a kind of preparation method of silumin.
(2) background technology
At present, development along with science and technology, aluminium alloy is low because of its density in national economy and daily life, intensity good, good corrosion resistance, conduction and heat conductivility are good, can cast, can weld and the fine quality such as excellent machinability is widely used, include the second largest metal that the industries such as communications and transportation, packaging vessel, building decoration, aerospace, mechanical electric apparatus, telecommunications, petrochemical complex, energy source and power, cultural health are only second to iron and steel, become developing national economy and the important foundation material that improves people's material and culture life.Particularly the mankind's of the world today survival and development are faced with the severe challenge of resource, the energy, environmental protection, security problems, and accelerated development aluminium alloy industry has very important meaning.Wherein silumin is exactly the aluminium alloy that a kind of casting wear-resistant is good, erosion resistance is strong, tensile strength is large, thermal expansivity is little, machining property is good, but also is a kind of difficult alloy of smelting.The main technique of making at present silumin is: add metal or non-metallic element on the fine aluminium basis, carry out melting, but this method energy consumption is large, cost is high, complex process.
(3) summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is a kind of silicon carbide difference different with aluminium density and solubleness in silicon liquid of using, and produces the high-silicon alloy that a kind of casting wear-resistant is good, erosion resistance is strong, tensile strength is large, thermal expansivity is little, machining property is good.
The technical scheme that the technical problem that the present invention solves adopts is: the silicon carbide aluminium alloy is mixed by weight proportion with solid silicon, silicon carbide aluminium alloy 20～30%, solid silicon 70～80%, then this mixture is placed on medium-frequency induction furnace and carries out remelting, after remelting is finished, silicon carbide is dissolved in the silicon liquid and is deposited on the bottom, al dissolution floats over top in silicon liquid, then with bottom and top solution separating, in the aluminium that obtains and silicon liquid mixture, add trace alloying element copper, aluminium titanium, aluminium manganese, aluminium nickel, magnesium, iron, zinc, bismuth, then refining, skim, cast.Its key problem in technology is density variation and their different solubilities in silicon liquid thereof of aluminium and silicon carbide, has realized aluminium and silicon carbide separating in silicon liquid, provides feasibility for producing silumin.
According to aforesaid operations technique, can obtain a kind of silumin, its component is as follows: aluminium 65 ~ 80%, silicon 20 ~ 35%, other components 1.5 ~ 4%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned silumin, step is as follows:
1) batching: silicon carbide aluminium alloy and solid silicon are prepared burden silicon carbide aluminium alloy 20～30%(silicon carbide approximately 60 ~ 80%, aluminium approximately 20 ~ 40% by certain weight ratio), solid silicon 70～80%.
2) shove charge: the silicon carbide aluminium alloy and the solid silicon that prepare are dropped in the medium-frequency induction furnace, and smelting temperature is controlled at 1450 ~ 1500 ℃, fully fusing.
3) separate: after fully melting, melt is divided into two-layer.It is that liquid aluminium is dissolved in the silicon liquid at the middle and upper levels, and lower floor is that the liquid carbon SiClx is dissolved in the silicon liquid.Up and down two-layer separating, lower floor's liquid can purify in molten state, again obtains silicon.
4) microalloying: copper, aluminum titanium alloy, alumal and the alumino nickel of certain mass are put in the upper strata mixed molten liquid of separating, and smelting time is 1 ~ 2 hour.
5) the rotten processing: temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 950 ℃, adds alterant, stirs 20 minutes, makes it even.
6) refining: liquation is transported in the holding furnace, gives vent to anger with hexachloroethane, add simultaneously slag former, stir, leave standstill.
7) skim: temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, with whole eliminating impurities on liquation upper strata.
8) casting: melt temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, and the liquation filter sieve of flowing through flows in the groove, flows to and finishes casting in the mold.
The main raw material that the present invention uses is silicon carbide aluminium alloy, solid silicon and lot of trace alloying element.
Among the present invention, adding more silicon amount is in order to form a large amount of silicon liquid and dissolved aluminum and silicon carbide.Because density and different solubility, thereby silicon carbide dissolves, is deposited on silicon liquid lower floor; Al dissolution is in upper strata silicon liquid.
Molten silicon liquid has good flowability among the present invention, is easy to realize the up and down separation of two-layer melt liquid.
The present invention utilizes the density variation of aluminium and silicon carbide and the difference of the solubleness in silicon liquid, produces the silumin that a kind of casting wear-resistant is good, erosion resistance is strong, tensile strength is large, thermal expansivity is little, machining property is good.
(by weight percentage) shown in this silumin is more composed as follows than it:
| Aluminium | 65~80% | Silicon | 20~35% |
| Iron | 0.7~1.0% | Magnesium | 0.5~0.7% |
| Copper | ≤0.5% | Manganese | ≤0.3% |
| Zinc | ≤0.4% | Titanium | ≤0.2% |
| Bismuth | ≤0.5% | Impurity | ≤0.2% |
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) product composition is stable, and is best in quality.The silumin that the present invention produces is compared with the product of traditional technology production, can not produce component segregation, organizes more evenly, and grain size is consistent, and performance is better.
(2) reduced cost.The price of fine aluminium is very high, and the price of silicon carbide aluminium alloy is relatively low; Improve the utilization ratio of aluminium, reduced the consumption of aluminium.
(3) preparation technology is simple.
Silumin of the present invention has good castability, mechanical property, physicals, corrosion resistance nature and machining property.The silumin that the present invention produces can be used for making engine body, brake shoes, belt wheel, pump machine, automobile air conditioner compressor and other have the component of wear-resisting requirement.
(4) specific implementation method
A kind of preparation method of silumin, its step is as follows:
Example 1:
1) 20kg silicon carbide aluminium alloy (silicon carbide 60%, aluminium 40%) is mixed with the 80kg solid silicon finishes batching.
2) above-mentioned batching is placed in the medium-frequency induction furnace, power-on, temperature raises, and raw material begins fusing, and temperature is controlled at 1450 ~ 1500 ℃, and it is fully melted.
3) after fully melting, temperature maintains 1460 ℃, and melt is divided into two-layer gradually.Wherein liquid aluminium is dissolved in silicon liquid upper strata, and silicon carbide is dissolved in lower floor's silicon liquid.
4) melt temperature maintains more than 1400 ℃, and lower floor's liquid flows out along the mouth of a river from the bottom, enters refining plant, again obtains silicon; Be the mixed molten liquid (other are 4% years old for aluminium 65%, silicon 31%) of sial this moment in the working chamber.
5) trace elements such as copper, aluminum titanium alloy, alumal and alumino nickel in the following table are joined in the sial fused solution of separating, smelting time is 1 ~ 2 hour, and it is evenly distributed in the whole molten steel.
| Iron | 123g | Magnesium | 86g |
| Copper | 61g | Manganese | 37g |
| Zinc | 49g | Titanium | 24g |
| Bismuth | 62g | ? | ? |
6) temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 950 ℃, adds alterant, stirs 20 minutes, makes it even.
7) liquation is transported in the holding furnace, gives vent to anger with hexachloroethane, add simultaneously slag former, stir, leave standstill.
8) temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, with the foreign material full scale clearance on solution upper strata.
9) melt temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, and the liquation filter sieve of flowing through flows in the groove, flows to and finishes casting in the mold.
Example 2:
1) 25kg silicon carbide aluminium alloy (silicon carbide 75%, aluminium 25%) is mixed with the 75kg solid silicon finishes batching.
2) above-mentioned batching is placed in the medium-frequency induction furnace, power-on, temperature raises, and raw material begins fusing, and temperature is controlled at 1450 ~ 1500 ℃, and it is fully melted.
3) after fully melting, temperature maintains 1460 ℃, and melt is divided into two-layer gradually.Be liquid aluminium on silicon liquid upper strata wherein, lower floor is that the liquid carbon SiClx is dissolved in the silicon liquid.
4) melt temperature maintains more than 1400 ℃, and lower floor's liquid flows out along the mouth of a river from the bottom, enters refining plant, again obtains silicon; Be the mixed molten liquid (other are 3% years old for aluminium 72%, silicon 25%) of sial this moment in the working chamber.
5) trace elements such as copper, aluminum titanium alloy, alumal and alumino nickel in the following table are joined in the sial fused solution of separating, smelting time is 1 ~ 2 hour, and it is evenly distributed in the whole molten steel.
| Iron | 64g | Magnesium | 48g |
| Copper | 40g | Manganese | 24g |
| Zinc | 32g | Titanium | 16g |
| Bismuth | 40g | ? | ? |
6) temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 950 ℃, adds alterant, stirs 20 minutes, makes it even.
7) liquation is transported in the holding furnace, gives vent to anger with hexachloroethane, add simultaneously slag former, stir, leave standstill.
8) temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, with the foreign material full scale clearance on solution upper strata.
9) melt temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, and the liquation filter sieve of flowing through flows in the groove, flows to and finishes casting in the mold.
Example 3:
1) 30kg silicon carbide aluminium alloy (silicon carbide 80%, aluminium 20%) is mixed with the 70kg solid silicon finishes batching.
2) above-mentioned batching is placed in the medium-frequency induction furnace, power-on, temperature raises, and raw material begins fusing, and temperature is controlled at 1450 ~ 1500 ℃, and it is fully melted.
3) after fully melting, temperature maintains 1460 ℃, and melt is divided into two-layer gradually.Wherein liquid aluminium is dissolved in silicon liquid upper strata, and silicon carbide is dissolved in lower floor's silicon liquid.
4) melt temperature maintains more than 1400 ℃, and lower floor's liquid flows out along the mouth of a river from the bottom, enters refining plant, again obtains silicon; Be the mixed molten liquid (other are 1.2% years old for aluminium 80%, silicon 18.8%) of sial this moment in the working chamber.
5) trace elements such as copper, aluminum titanium alloy, alumal and alumino nickel in the following table are joined in the sial fused solution of separating, smelting time is 1 ~ 2 hour, and it is evenly distributed in the whole molten steel.
| Iron | 52.5g | Magnesium | 37.5g |
| Copper | 0g | Manganese | 0g |
| Zinc | 0g | Titanium | 0g |
| Bismuth | 0g | ? | ? |
6) temperature is controlled at 900 ~ 950 ℃, adds alterant, stirs 20 minutes, makes it even.
7) liquation is transported in the holding furnace, gives vent to anger with hexachloroethane, add simultaneously slag former, stir, leave standstill.
8) temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, with the foreign material full scale clearance on solution upper strata.
9) melt temperature is controlled at 760 ~ 780 ℃, and the liquation filter sieve of flowing through flows in the groove, flows to and finishes casting in the mold.
The silumin of making in above two kinds of situations, its mechanical property all can reach following target value:
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a high-silicon alloy, it is characterized in that: the silicon carbide aluminium alloy is mixed by weight proportion with solid silicon, silicon carbide aluminium alloy 20～30%, solid silicon 70～80%, then this mixture is placed on medium-frequency induction furnace and carries out remelting, after remelting is finished, silicon carbide is dissolved in the silicon liquid and is deposited on the bottom, al dissolution floats over top in silicon liquid, then with bottom and top solution separating, in the aluminium that obtains and silicon liquid mixture, add trace alloying element copper, aluminium titanium, aluminium manganese, aluminium nickel, magnesium, iron, zinc, bismuth, then refining, skim, cast.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high-silicon alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the described silicon carbide aluminium alloy by weight: silicon carbide 60 ~ 80%, aluminium 20 ~ 40%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104831132A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 云南永昌硅业股份有限公司 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105742771A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | TM mode dielectric filter |
| CN106399769A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 李芹 | High silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108251710A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-06 | 福州大学 | The tough silumin of height and its preparation process of a kind of suitable extrusion casint |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215658A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-07-09 | 周福海 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101363091A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2009-02-11 | 营口华润有色金属制造有限公司 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and method for preparing same |
| US20090075056A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2009-03-19 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Aluminum-silicon carbide composite body and method for processing the same |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090075056A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2009-03-19 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Aluminum-silicon carbide composite body and method for processing the same |
| CN101215658A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2008-07-09 | 周福海 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101363091A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2009-02-11 | 营口华润有色金属制造有限公司 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and method for preparing same |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105742771A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | TM mode dielectric filter |
| CN104831132A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-12 | 云南永昌硅业股份有限公司 | High-silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106399769A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 李芹 | High silicon aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108251710A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-06 | 福州大学 | The tough silumin of height and its preparation process of a kind of suitable extrusion casint |
| CN108251710B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-04-10 | 福州大学 | High-strength and high-toughness high-silicon aluminum alloy suitable for extrusion casting and preparation process thereof |
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