CN102874907B - In-situ purification system for high-turbidity river water and river water treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-situ purification system for high-turbidity river water and a river water treatment method. A coagulation agent is added into a liquor tank; a water intake gate is opened; simultaneously, a blower and an agent pump are started; the water intake gate is adjusted to control the inflow rate of the high-turbidity river water; the high-turbidity river water and the coagulation agent flowing out of a liquor perforated pipe are fully mixed under the action of the air in an air perforated pipe and react on a coagulation bed to form a sludge flocculation mixed liquor; the mixed liquor flows into a diversion river channel via a diversion canal; and sludge flocculation gradually settles on the river bed of the diversion river channel along with the water flow, so that the purpose of in-situ purification of the high-turbidity river water is achieved. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of on-line in-situ purification on the river channel, high purification efficiency, easiness in operation and control, and the like, and overcomes the defects of high difficulty, high investment and the like of ex-situ river water treatment; and the purified river water can be used for landscape water, so that the method has quite significant market popularization prospects and social benefits.

Description

An in-situ purification system for high turbidity river water and a method for treating river water

(1) Technical field

The invention relates to river restoration technology, in particular to an in-situ purification system for diverting high-turbidity river water and a method for treating high-turbidity river water.

(2) Background technology

The high turbidity river water caused by sand mining is the main cause of river channel pollution. It contains a large amount of fine-grained inorganic sediment, which flows for a long time without settlement. For this kind of pollutants and water quality characteristics, chemical coagulation technology has become an excellent purification method, which has the advantages of high purification efficiency and large treatment scale. This technology has been applied in foreign lake treatment. Although my country has a certain research foundation, its practical application is still in its infancy, and there are few applications of this technology directly used in the in-situ restoration of high turbidity river water.

There are four main technical methods for river course restoration: physical restoration, chemical restoration, biological restoration, and ecological restoration. These methods can be combined and applied to engineering restoration. Physical restoration is an artificial physical and natural process, which is used to change the physical properties of natural objects, and is mainly used for river sediment purification. Physical restoration technology mainly includes physical restoration methods such as sediment dredging, environmental protection dredging, water diversion and shelter. Although physical restoration is effective quickly, it requires a large amount of work. Chemical remediation is an artificial chemical natural process that is used to change the chemical composition of natural substances. It mainly relies on adding chemical remediation agents to the river water body to react with pollutants, so that the pollutants are adsorbed on the chemical agents to form sediments or oxidized and decomposed into harmless substances. Bioremediation technology and ecological restoration technology mainly decompose and purify organic matter in water through the metabolism of microorganisms, and are not used for the purification of suspended matter. River restoration technology can be divided into in-situ restoration technology and ex-situ restoration technology. In-situ remediation technology directly purifies the contaminated area to achieve the purpose of removing pollution and restoring environmental quality; ex-situ remediation technology transfers pollutants from the polluted area to the reactor for purification. Due to the large amount of water in the river and the great impact on the surrounding environment, it is difficult to directly implement engineering purification. At present, a large number of engineering cases use ex-situ restoration technology.

Coagulation technology is the most common chemical remediation technology used in sewage treatment and surface water purification. For suspended solids, colloids and sediment in water bodies, the chemical technology of coagulation and adsorption can make suspended solids and sediment aggregate and combine into larger specific gravity particles, which can accelerate the settlement of such substances and fix pollutants in the particles. Coagulation adsorption technology has the advantage of being very efficient for the purification of turbid river water, and can ensure the clarity of river water for a long time. However, there are also certain problems. The large particles produced by coagulation and adsorption will be deposited together with the bottom mud. After a long period of accumulation, the riverbed will be raised. Therefore, dredging is required to meet the functions of flood control and navigation when necessary.

At present, there are almost no application cases of directly dosing chemicals in river channels to control river water turbidity. The way of dosing chemicals directly in the river, the form of reaction, etc. have a great influence on the purification efficiency, and there are few relevant research data. Aiming at the way of directly adding medicine on the river, the way of mixing medicine and water, and the appropriate reaction form, it is the starting point of proposing the present invention to explore an efficient in-situ purification technology of high turbidity river water.

(3) Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ purification system for high-turbidity river water and a method for treating high-turbidity river water, that is, in-situ reaction and precipitation on the river course, without secondary pollution, and can effectively remove high-turbidity river water caused by sand mining The in-situ coagulation and purification method of suspended solids in the river channel, the high turbidity river water is caused by high concentration of sediment.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An in-situ purification system for high turbidity river water, the in-situ purification system for high turbidity river water is: a diversion channel is set between the high turbidity river water and the diversion channel, and the diversion channel is near the end of the high turbidity river water A diversion sluice is set, and the bottom of the diversion channel is poured with concrete to form a coagulation bed, and the coagulation bed is arranged with partitions parallel to each other perpendicular to the direction of water flow, and the partitions are provided with gaps, and the gaps between adjacent partitions The positions of the gaps are staggered, and the distance between adjacent partitions is 4.0~8.0m; air perforation pipes and liquid medicine perforation pipes are arranged between the partitions closest to the diversion gate and the diversion gate, and the air perforation pipes use brackets (preferably stainless steel brackets) Fixed at the bottom of the water diversion channel and communicated with the blower, the liquid medicine perforated pipe is fixed at the bottom of the water diversion canal with a bracket (preferably stainless steel bracket) and communicated with the liquid medicine storage tank through the chemical pump, and the liquid medicine perforated pipe is 1.0~5.0 meters away from the water diversion gate m, 0.5~1.0m away from the surface of the coagulation bed, the air perforation pipe is located downstream of the liquid medicine perforation pipe (the diversion gate is upstream, and the water flows from the diversion gate to the medicine liquid perforation pipe), 0.5~1.0m away from the medicine liquid perforation pipe 5.0m and 1.0~2.0m away from the surface of the coagulation bed; the liquid medicine storage tank is equipped with a coagulation agent, and the coagulation agent is a saline solution, and the saline solution is an iron salt solution, an aluminum salt solution or an iron salt solution. An aqueous solution of salt and aluminum salt mixed in any proportion.

Further, the air blower, medicine pump and medicine liquid storage tank are all placed on the bank.

Further, the coagulation agent is a saline solution, and the saline solution is an iron salt solution with a mass concentration of 10%, an aluminum salt solution with a mass concentration of 10%, or a mixture of iron salt and aluminum salt in any proportion. A mixed aqueous solution with a total mass concentration of salt of 10%, most preferably a polyaluminum chloride aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 10%.

Further, the thickness of the partition on the coagulation bed is 100-200mm.

Further, the ratio of the height of the partition on the coagulation bed to the water depth is 0.5-0.7:1. Generally speaking, the height of the partition is related to the water depth. The greater the water depth, the greater the height of the partition. The wall thickness and spacing of the partition are related to the water flow rate. The faster the water flow, the thicker the partition wall and the wider the spacing.

Further, there are 6-10 gaps on each partition on the coagulation bed, the number of the gaps is determined according to the width of the partition, the width of the partition is determined according to the width of the river, the wider the river, the longer the width of the partition , the number of corresponding gaps is appropriately increased, usually the ratio of the total area of gaps on each partition to the area of the partition is 0.5:1.

Further, the air perforated tube is an air perforated tube group formed by placing several (preferably one) plastic round tubes with perforations on the surface side by side and fixed to each other. The diameter of the pipe is 50~120mm, and the length is the same as the width of the coagulation bed.

Further, the perforation diameter of the surface of the liquid medicine perforation pipe is 2-3 mm, and the liquid medicine perforation pipe is usually made of a plastic circular pipe with a diameter of 25-50 mm, and the length is the same as the width of the coagulation bed.

The present invention provides a method for purifying high turbidity river water with the in-situ purification system for high turbidity river water. The method is as follows: adding coagulant agent into the liquid medicine storage tank, opening the diversion sluice, and simultaneously opening the The blower and chemical pump control the inflow velocity of high turbidity river water with a turbidity of 60~390NTU to 0.1~0.36m/s by adjusting the diversion gate, and the hydraulic retention time of the high turbidity river water in the diversion channel is 6~8h. By adjusting the blower, the air flow rate of the air perforated pipe is controlled to be 0.01~0.02m ³ /m ³ river water, and the flow rate of the coagulant is 0.05~0.15g/m ³ river water. Under the action of the air in the air perforated pipe, the high turbidity river water It is fully mixed with the liquid medicine flowing out of the liquid medicine perforated pipe and reacts on the subsequent coagulation bed with vertical partitions to form a sludge floc mixed liquid, and then the mixed liquid flows through the diversion channel and enters the diversion channel at a distance of 0.1~0.36m /s speed flow, the sludge flocs gradually settle on the river bed of the diversion channel with the water flow, achieving the purpose of in-situ purification of high turbidity river water.

Further, the method for processing high turbidity river water by using the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river water according to the present invention is recommended to be carried out as follows. The in-situ purification system of high turbidity river water is: A diversion channel is set between the river channels, and a diversion gate is set near the end of the high turbidity river. The partitions are provided with gaps, the positions of the gaps between adjacent partitions are staggered, and the distance between adjacent partitions is 6-8m; an air perforated pipe is arranged between the partitions closest to the diversion gate and the diversion gate and the liquid medicine perforation pipe, the air perforation pipe is fixed at the bottom of the water diversion canal with a bracket and communicated with the blower, the medicine liquid perforation pipe is fixed at the bottom of the water diversion canal with a bracket and communicated with the liquid medicine storage tank through the medicine pump, and the liquid medicine perforation The pipe is 1-2m away from the water diversion gate and 0.5-0.8m away from the surface of the coagulation bed. The air perforation pipe is located downstream of the liquid medicine perforation pipe, 0.5-3.0m away from the medicine liquid perforation pipe and 1.5-2.0m away from the surface of the coagulation bed; The in-situ purification method of the high turbidity river water is as follows: add coagulant agent in the liquid medicine storage tank, open the diversion gate, and simultaneously open the blower and chemical pump on the river bank, and control the turbidity to 150-250 NTU by adjusting the diversion gate The inflow velocity of high turbidity river water is 0.2~0.3m/s, the hydraulic retention time of high turbidity river water in the diversion channel is 10~15min, and the air flow rate of the air perforated pipe is controlled by adjusting the blower to 0.015~0.02m ³ / m ³ river water, the flow rate of the coagulant agent is 0.10~0.15g/m ³ river water, under the action of the air in the air perforated pipe, the high turbidity river water is fully mixed with the liquid medicine flowing out of the liquid medicine perforated pipe The coagulation bed of the vertical partition reacts to form a mixed solution of sludge flocs, and then the mixed solution flows through the diversion channel and then enters the diversion channel at a speed of 0.2~0.3m/s (usually the flow time in the river bed can be completely deposited within 8 hours. ), the sludge flocs gradually settle on the river bed of the diversion channel with the water flow, so as to achieve the purpose of in-situ purification of high turbidity river water.

The capacity of the medicinal solution storage tank of the present invention is related to the flow rate and turbidity of the river water. Generally speaking, the larger the flow rate and the higher the turbidity, the greater the required drug dose, so the capacity of the medicinal solution storage tank is also higher. big. The liquid medicine storage tank is generally placed on the dosing platform on the shore, and the dosing platform is designed and constructed according to the geographical location.

The high turbidity river water in the present invention is fully mixed with the medicinal liquid flowing out of the medicinal liquid perforated pipe to form a sludge floc mixed liquid, and then the mixed liquid flows through the water diversion channel and then enters the water diversion channel, and the sludge flocs gradually settle in the diversion water along with the water flow. On the river bed of the river, the sludge is cleaned regularly to maintain the effective sediment capacity of the river, and the purified river water is introduced into the urban river as garden water or landscape water.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in: (1) It has the advantages of on-line in-situ purification on the river course, high purification efficiency, and easy operation and control; Large and other defects, the purified river water can be used as landscape water, which has very significant market promotion prospects and social benefits.

(4) Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the special device for purification treatment of high turbidity river water according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a water diversion gate, 2 is a water diversion canal, 3 is a medicinal liquid storage tank, 4 is a medicinal liquid pump, 5 is a medicinal liquid perforated pipe, 6 It is air perforated pipe, and 7 is blower, and 8 is clapboard, and 9 is diversion channel.

(5) Specific implementation methods

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:

Example 1:

The in-situ purification method of high turbidity river water of the present invention utilizes the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river water to process, and the in-situ purification system of described high turbidity river water is as shown in Figure 1: between high turbidity river water and water diversion An aqueduct 2 is set between the river channels 9, and the aqueduct 2 is provided with a diversion gate 1 near the end of the high-turbidity river. The partitions 8 parallel to each other, the partitions are provided with gaps, the positions of the gaps between adjacent partitions are staggered, and the distance between adjacent partitions is 5.5m; the partition near the diversion gate and the diversion gate are set There are air perforated pipe 6 and liquid medicine perforated pipe 5. The air perforated pipe 6 is fixed on the bottom of the water diversion channel (i.e. the bottom of the pool) with a bracket and communicated with the blower 7. The liquid medicine perforated pipe 5 is fixed on the water diversion canal pool with a bracket Bottom and connected with the liquid medicine storage tank 3 on the river bank through the chemical pump 4, the liquid medicine perforated pipe is 1.5m away from the diversion gate, and 0.5m away from the surface of the coagulation bed, and the air perforated pipe is located 0.5m downstream of the liquid medicine perforated pipe 1m away from the coagulation bed surface.

Embodiments of the present invention are: the engineering test dosing point is selected at the diversion sluice of the main canal of Shangpu Sluice, and the diversion sluice has 4 holes in total, and each hole is 4m wide. There are a number of holes with a diameter of 3mm on the surface) and a stainless steel bracket is installed at 1.5m downstream of the diversion sluice, 0.5m away from the surface of the coagulation bed. ) is installed with a stainless steel bracket 0.5m downstream of the liquid medicine perforation pipe, 1m away from the surface of the coagulation bed; a coagulation bed with a length of 130m and a width of 12.2m is set between the high turbidity river water and the diversion channel (ie, the test riverbed). The thickness of the partition is 100mm, the ratio of partition to water depth is 0.6:1, the distance between adjacent partitions is 8m, and each partition is provided with 6 gaps; the test riverbed is located at a distance of 3801m between the diversion gate and its downstream No. 1~6 bridges. Area (the distances from bridges 1 to 6 to the diversion gate are 806m, 1078m, 2381m, 2781m, 3448m and 3801m respectively). The liquid medicine storage tank is located on the left wing wall downstream of the diversion sluice, which is a brick structure. The net size of the pool is length×width×height: 3m×4m×2m.

Add a polyaluminum chloride aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 10% in the liquid medicine storage tank, open the diversion gate, and simultaneously turn on the blower and chemical pump on the river bank, and control the high turbidity river water by adjusting the diversion gate (see Table 1 and Table 1 for turbidity). 2), the hydraulic retention time of high turbidity river water in the diversion channel is shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the flow rate of the air perforated pipe is controlled by adjusting the blower to 0.015m ³ /m ³ river water, the coagulant The flow rate of the river water is 0.15g/ ^m3 . Under the action of the air in the air perforated pipe, the high turbidity river water and the liquid medicine flowing out of the liquid medicine perforated pipe are fully mixed to form a sludge floc mixed liquid, and then the mixed liquid flows through the diversion channel After that, it enters the diversion channel and flows at the flow rate shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The sludge flocs gradually settle on the river bed of the diversion channel with the water flow, and the river channel is cleaned regularly, and the river water is purified for landscape water use to achieve the original state of high turbidity river water. The purpose of bit purification.

With the prolongation of the river flow time, the effect of coagulation and turbidity removal gradually improved, especially after about 1 hour of water flow, the turbidity of the river water decreased sharply after coagulation; after that, the turbidity gradually decreased, and the rate of decrease slowed down until it became stable. In the flow velocity range of 0.11m/s~0.31m/s, the slower the flow velocity, the better the effect of coagulation and turbidity removal. Within the implementation distance of the purification project, the turbidity of the river water is always less than 30NTU, and the lowest can reach below 10NTU. The longer the flow time, the more complete the sedimentation of the sludge flocs, and the lower the turbidity of the river water. Generally, the purpose of purification can be achieved within 8 hours of sedimentation.

To sum up, setting the coagulation reaction system directly on the river can make the input coagulant react with the high turbidity river water quickly, and the flocs formed by the reaction will gradually settle with the water flow, and within a certain distance of the river and the flow time , the river water can be purified and clarified, and can be used for landscape water.

Table 1 Project Implementation Application Test Data

Table 2 Project Implementation Application Test Data

Claims (10)

1. the in-situ purification system of a high turbidity river, the in-situ purification system that it is characterized in that described high turbidity river is: between high turbidity river and diversion channel, flume is set, described flume is arranging water-drawing gate near high turbidity river end, described flume is concrete placement coagulation bed for bottom, on described coagulation bed, be furnished with the parallel to each other dividing plate vertical with water (flow) direction, described dividing plate is provided with breach, gap position between adjacent separator is staggered, and the spacing of adjacent separator is 4.0～8.0m; Between the dividing plate of close water-drawing gate and water-drawing gate, be provided with air perforations pipe and liquid perforated pipe, the effective support of described air perforations is fixed on flume bottom and is communicated with gas blower, described liquid perforated pipe is fixed on flume bottom and is communicated with liquor tank by compound pump with support, described liquid perforated pipe is apart from water-drawing gate 1.0～5.0m, apart from coagulation bed surface 0.5～1.0m, described air perforations pipe is positioned at liquid perforated pipe downstream, apart from liquid perforated pipe 0.5～5.0m, and apart from coagulation bed surface 1.0～2.0m; Described liquor tank is equipped with coagulated agent, and described coagulated agent is salt brine solution, and described salt brine solution is the aqueous solution that molysite aqueous solution, aluminum saline solution or molysite mix with arbitrary proportion with aluminium salt.

2. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described gas blower, compound pump, liquor tank are all placed on the bank.

3. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described coagulated agent is salt brine solution, described salt brine solution is the mixed aqueous solution of the total mass concentration 10% of the molysite aqueous solution of mass concentration 10%, the molysite that the aluminum saline solution of mass concentration 10% or molysite and aluminium salt are mixed with arbitrary proportion and aluminium salt.

4. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described air perforations pipe is the air perforations pipe group that some surfaces have the plastic round tube of perforation to place side by side and interfix and form, the aperture of described air perforations tube-surface perforation is 3～5mm.

5. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, the aperture that it is characterized in that described liquid perforated pipe perforate surface is 2～3mm.

6. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the thickness 100～200mm of described coagulation bed upper spacer.

7. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the height of described coagulation bed upper spacer and the ratio of water depth are 0.5～0.7:1.

8. the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described dividing plate is provided with 6～10 breach.

9. the in-situ purification system with high turbidity river described in claim 1 purifies the method for high turbidity river, it is characterized in that described method is: in liquor tank, add coagulated agent, open water-drawing gate, open gas blower and compound pump simultaneously, by regulating the water inlet flow velocity of the high turbidity river that water-drawing gate control turbidity is 60～390NTU, be 0.1～0.36m/s, the hydraulic detention time of high turbidity river in flume is 6～8h, by regulating the air flow quantity of air compressor control air perforations pipe, is 0.01～0.02m ³/ m ³river, the flow of coagulated agent is 0.05～0.15g/m ³river, under the effect of air perforations air in tube, the fully mixed coagulation bed reaction that is incorporated in of the liquid flowing out in high turbidity river and liquid perforated pipe forms activated sludge floc mixed solution, then the mixed solution speed with 0.1～0.36m/s in diversion channel that enters after flume of flowing through flows, activated sludge floc is deposited on the riverbed of diversion channel gradually with current, reaches the object of the original position purification of high turbidity river.

10. purifying method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that described method utilizes the in-situ purification system of high turbidity river to process, the in-situ purification system of described high turbidity river is: between high turbidity river and diversion channel, flume is set, described flume is arranging water-drawing gate near high turbidity river end, described flume is concrete placement coagulation bed for bottom, on described coagulation bed, be furnished with the parallel to each other dividing plate vertical with water (flow) direction, described dividing plate is provided with breach, gap position between adjacent separator is staggered, the spacing of adjacent separator is 6.0～8.0m, between the dividing plate of close water-drawing gate and water-drawing gate, be provided with air perforations pipe and liquid perforated pipe, the effective support of described air perforations is fixed on flume bottom and is communicated with gas blower, described liquid perforated pipe is fixed on flume bottom and is communicated with liquor tank by compound pump with support, described liquid perforated pipe is apart from water-drawing gate 1.0～2.0m, apart from coagulation bed surface 0.5～0.8m, described air perforations pipe is positioned at liquid perforated pipe downstream, apart from liquid perforated pipe 0.5～3.0m and apart from coagulation bed surface 1.5～2.0m, the situ purification method of described high turbidity river is: in liquor tank, add coagulated agent, open water-drawing gate, open gas blower and compound pump on riverbank simultaneously, by regulating the water inlet flow velocity of the high turbidity river that water-drawing gate control turbidity is 150～250NTU, be 0.20～0.30m/s, the hydraulic detention time of high turbidity river in flume is 10～15min, by regulating the air flow quantity of air compressor control air perforations pipe, is 0.015～0.02m ³/ m ³river, the flow of coagulated agent is 0.10～0.15g/m ³river, under the effect of air perforations air in tube, the fully mixed coagulation bed reaction that is incorporated in of the liquid flowing out in high turbidity river and liquid perforated pipe forms activated sludge floc mixed solution, then the mixed solution speed with 0.20～0.30m/s in diversion channel that enters after flume of flowing through flows, activated sludge floc is deposited on the riverbed of diversion channel gradually with current, reaches the object of the original position purification of high turbidity river.