CN102856759A - Resistance reducing method for grounding system - Google Patents

Resistance reducing method for grounding system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102856759A
CN102856759A CN2011101769084A CN201110176908A CN102856759A CN 102856759 A CN102856759 A CN 102856759A CN 2011101769084 A CN2011101769084 A CN 2011101769084A CN 201110176908 A CN201110176908 A CN 201110176908A CN 102856759 A CN102856759 A CN 102856759A
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resistance
grounding
grounding system
target
resistance value
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Inventor
张波
吴锦鹏
王森
李志忠
何金良
曾嵘
陈水明
胡军
余占清
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Tsinghua University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a resistance reducing method for a grounding system. According to a grounding resistance value and a safety index input by a user, resistors are simultaneously or sequentially optimized in a level resistance reducing mode; and after the optimized resistance values accord with the safety index, a specific resistance reducing mode is acquired. The method comprises the following steps of: inputting basic conditions of site investigation by the user, giving the grounding resistance value and the safety index, and inputting an initial power grid by the user or automatically configuring a typical ground grid by a program; and simultaneously or sequentially performing level resistance reduction by using the resistance reducing modes of expanding the grid, leading out to the ground, locally changing soil, increasing a vertical grounding electrode, increasing an oblique grounding electrode, grounding in a deep well and blasting and grounding till the reduced resistance values accord with the safety index, so that the specific resistance reducing mode capable of meeting the resistance reducing requirement and the resistance reducing effect are obtained. The method has the advantages of reducing the design requirement, simplifying the calculation process, promoting the operation efficiency and greatly reducing design difficulty and complexity of the grounding system.

Description

The methods to reduce resistance of grounding system
Technical field
The invention belongs to the grounding system technical field, be specifically related to a kind of methods to reduce resistance of grounding system.
Background technology
Good grounding system is the basic assurance of safe operation of power system.Along with the development of large electrical network of modern times to superhigh pressure, large capacity and remote direction; more and more higher for power system security, requirement stable and economical operation; safe and stable operation in order to ensure electrical network; improve power supply reliability; must be equipped with a cover and the safety system that primary system adapts, therefore need a good grounding system.
Current, generally take following methods and step for design of ground system: the assessment field condition, calculate maximum earth current, determine the grounding system resistance, rule of thumb Preliminary design is utilized software accurate Calculation earth resistance, progressively revises design and checks other safety indexs.There is following three point problem in this design cycle: 1, designer's experience is limited, and design process is very high to designer's experience requirement, and common engineering personnel can't guarantee the reasonability of the comprehensive and design of grounding system balance; 2, comparatively ripe grounding system software for calculation is all arranged both at home and abroad, although result of calculation is accurately reliable, all can't finish the guiding design, can only check, and be not easy to design; 3, not to the economy of grounding scheme with technically do comprehensive, unified balance and investigation, and rely on micro-judgment fully.
In a word, in the design process of current grounding system, experience and the thinking that resistance can only rely on engineers and technicians falls in Preliminary design and optimization for grounding system, and in case do not possess this experience or inconsiderate, will cause design process repeatedly loaded down with trivial details, and may cause that design result loses contact with reality, economy and technical balance are not enough, in case design result tries out, then will cause engineering to have potential safety hazard, perhaps cause the waste of financial resource and material resource.
Summary of the invention
The many disadvantages that exist in order to overcome existing design of ground system flow process, the present invention proposes a kind of methods to reduce resistance of grounding system, and the guiding that stylizes that hinders optimizing design scheme falls in the ground system that is used for achieving a butt joint, and is particularly useful for the grounding system initial design stage.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose of design, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to grounding resistance and the safety index of user input, to resistance according to the mode of drawing the level down resistance simultaneously or be optimized successively, after the resistance value after the optimization meets safety index, draws the concrete resistance mode of falling.
Its detailed process is: the user inputs the primary condition of on-site land survey, and provides grounding resistance and safety index, and the user inputs initial electrical network or automatically disposes typical earth mat by program afterwards; Use simultaneously or successively expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the resistance of falling that the resistance mode of falling that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is drawn grade, until the resistance value of falling after the resistance meets safety index; Thereby draw can satisfy the resistance demand falls and resistance mode and resistance reducing effect thereof specifically fall.
Described resistance reducing effect mainly comprise Optimized Measures combination implementation detail, implement after the calculated value of ground network ground resistance and step voltage, touch voltage, mesh voltage etc., provide simultaneously the cost after using this and falling the resistance combined measure.
Described application expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the grade mode of drawing that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is: the expansion net is category-A, priority is the highest, drawing ground connection outward is category-B, priority is taken second place, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, increase slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding are listed as the C class, and priority is minimum.
Described priority is lower falls resistance all so that the optimum results after using the higher optimization of priority is the basis; Hinder requirement and safety index requirement if optimize satisfied the falling of the result who obtains, then no longer carry out the calculating of low priority measure; Fall resistance requirement and safety index requirement if the result who obtains does not satisfy, then proceed next stage optimization on the basis of upper level optimization; For the resistance mode of falling that is in same priority, all an above priority the resistance result falls as the basis, and be coordination mutually, mutually not with the other side for falling the resistance precondition.
The implementation step of the methods to reduce resistance of described grounding system is as follows:
(1) the grounding system user sets the target resistance values of grounding system, obtains the residing soil resistivity lift height of grounding system and grounding system area;
(2) according to the residing soil resistivity lift height of the above-mentioned grounding system of obtaining and grounding system area, an initial grounding system is set, calculate the resistance value of this initial grounding system, this resistance value and above-mentioned target resistance values are compared, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then this initial grounding system is the target grounding system, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (3);
(3) if allow the enlarged areas of grounding system, the maximum that then enlarged areas of initial grounding system is allowed to the grounding system user, when maximum that the enlarged areas of initial grounding system allows to the grounding system user, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce the area of grounding system, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (4);
(4) outside realizing, grounding system draws ground connection if allow, then will draw length outward and rise to the maximum that the grounding system user allows, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce outer length of drawing ground connection, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (5);
(5) for increasing vertical grounding electrode, increasing slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding, explosion grounding and 5 measures of local soil removal and replacement, under the prerequisite of user selection, expand net and outside draw on the basis of ground connection result of calculation, calculate respectively, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, the resistance measure of the falling numerical value that adjusting increases newly, resistance value to grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value is greater than target resistance values, then finish to calculate, and record this resistance value;
(6) final program will provide the optimum organization of falling the resistance measure that user selection uses, and its implementation detail, safety index and required cost.
The beneficial effect of the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system of the present invention is: broken away to a certain extent the requirement of grounding design to project planner's experience; Take into account simultaneously the advantage of experience assessment and accurate Calculation, in the required precision of assurance Preliminary design, simplified repeatedly and unhelpful computational process has promoted operation efficiency, greatly reduced difficulty and the complexity of design of ground system.
1, the method for building up of the grounding system of the inventive method proposition, changed traditional design of ground system to the requirement of project planner's experience, therefore use the grounding system of this method design, more meet engineers and technicians' design requirement and thinking habit, thereby better serve engineering construction.
2, the inventive method combines the advantage of experience estimation and accurate Calculation, requires to have improved the design efficiency of grounding system on the basis in the precision that guarantees Preliminary design and details, has simplified step and the flow process of system, has reduced the design cost of grounding system.
3, the inventive method has considered fail safe and the economic index of grounding system in the design process of grounding system, and appraisement system is perfect, and evaluation criterion is comprehensive;
4, various optimizations the resistance measure falls and pluses and minuses assessments comprehensively, the optimum organization of proposition, order and tactful reasonable, feasible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the program flow chart that is in optimized selection expanding net of the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the program flow chart that local soil removal and replacement is in optimized selection of the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system of the present invention.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-3, the methods to reduce resistance of the described grounding system of the embodiment of the invention is according to grounding resistance and the safety index of user input, to resistance according to the mode of drawing the level down resistance simultaneously or be optimized successively, after resistance value after the optimization meets safety index, draw the concrete resistance mode of falling.Its detailed process is: the user inputs the primary condition of on-site land survey, and provides grounding resistance and safety index, and the user inputs initial electrical network or automatically disposes typical earth mat by program afterwards; Use simultaneously or successively expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the resistance of falling that the resistance mode of falling that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is drawn grade, until the resistance value of falling after the resistance meets safety index; Thereby draw can satisfy the resistance demand falls and resistance mode and resistance reducing effect thereof specifically fall, mainly comprise Optimized Measures combination implementation detail, implement after calculated value and other safety indexs (step voltage, touch voltage, mesh voltage etc.) of ground network ground resistance, provide simultaneously the cost after using this and falling the resistance combined measure.
Described application expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the grade mode of drawing that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is: the expansion net is category-A, priority is the highest, drawing ground connection outward is category-B, priority is taken second place, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, increase slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding are listed as the C class, and priority is minimum.
Described priority is lower falls resistance all so that the optimum results after using the higher optimization of priority is the basis; Hinder requirement and safety index requirement if optimize satisfied the falling of the result who obtains, then no longer carry out the calculating of low priority measure; Fall resistance requirement and safety index requirement if the result who obtains does not satisfy, then proceed next stage optimization on the basis of upper level optimization; For the resistance mode of falling that is in same priority, all an above priority the resistance result falls as the basis, and be coordination mutually, mutually not with the other side for falling the resistance precondition.
The implementation step of the methods to reduce resistance of described grounding system is as follows:
(1) the grounding system user sets the target resistance values of grounding system, obtains the residing soil resistivity lift height of grounding system and grounding system area;
(2) according to the residing soil resistivity lift height of the above-mentioned grounding system of obtaining and grounding system area, an initial grounding system is set, calculate the resistance value of this initial grounding system, this resistance value and above-mentioned target resistance values are compared, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then this initial grounding system is the target grounding system, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (3);
(3) if allow the enlarged areas of grounding system, the maximum that then enlarged areas of initial grounding system is allowed to the grounding system user, when maximum that the enlarged areas of initial grounding system allows to the grounding system user, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce the area of grounding system, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (4);
(4) outside realizing, grounding system draws ground connection if allow, then will draw length outward and rise to the maximum that the grounding system user allows, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce outer length of drawing ground connection, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (5);
(5) for increasing vertical grounding electrode, increasing slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding, explosion grounding and 5 measures of local soil removal and replacement, under the prerequisite of user selection, expand net and outside draw on the basis of ground connection result of calculation, calculate respectively.To increase vertical grounding electrode as example, at first vertical grounding electrode length is increased to the maximum that the grounding system user allows, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce the length of vertical grounding electrode, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value is greater than target resistance values, then finish to calculate, and record this resistance value.
(6) final program will provide the optimum organization of falling the resistance measure that user selection uses, and its implementation detail, safety index and required cost.
The below is take Shandong 220kV transformer station as case:
The initial condition of known Shandong 220kV transformer station is as follows:
Transformer station's initial condition:
Figure BSA00000526347100061
Figure BSA00000526347100071
Optimize and fall resistance type selecting operational process:
1) initialization
Program has disposed an earth mat automatically according to this power station area, buried depth and level interval; The calculated resistance of calculating initial earth mat is 1.26 Ω, the correction factor that obtains this program be 1.33 (=1.26/0.95).
Here the correction factor of introducing, when referring to that the earth resistance exact value is known when unknown (be made as 1), the ratio of calculated value and exact value, result of calculation afterwards all will multiply by correction factor, to reduce the error of empirical equation, result of calculation cited below is revised result.
In addition, it is 0.9 that this program has also been introduced the nargin coefficient, also namely only have result of calculation less than safety index 90% the time, just be considered to satisfy condition, this mainly considers the inaccuracy of empirical equation and has suitably improved standard.
2) expand net
With enlarged areas to maximum 30000, simultaneously according to initial condition, the in proportion mesh count of corresponding change level net, girth, conductor overall length etc., the earth resistance that calculates this moment is 0.70>0.50*0.9.
Do not satisfy safety condition, but according to winning system, use this measure, then continue additive method.
3) outer drawing
30m is outer can be drawn outward, and the earth resistance that calculates this moment is 0.58>0.50*0.9.
Do not satisfy safety condition, but according to winning system, use this measure, then continue additive method.
4) local soil removal and replacement
Programmed decision topsoil resistivity is lower, automatically skips this measure.
5) vertical grounding electrode
(20,100m), the earth resistance that calculates this moment is 0.54>0.50*0.9 according to maximum configuration vertical grounding electrode.
Do not satisfy safety condition, according to equalization system, abandon this measure, then continue additive method.
6) slanting grounding electrode
(20,100m), the earth resistance that calculates this moment is 0.51>0.50*0.9 according to maximum configuration slanting grounding electrode.
Satisfy safety condition, calculating at this moment, cost is; According to equalization system, the ground system when not using slanting grounding electrode is the basis, continues additive method.
7) deep well grounding electrode
Without water table, this method is unavailable.
8) the explosion grounding utmost point
(20,100m), the earth resistance that calculates this moment is 0.48>0.50*0.9 according to the maximum configuration explosion grounding utmost point.
9) increase earth electrode after the local soil removal and replacement
Although we find that these measures have played the effect of falling resistance, all do not satisfy safety index.According to this paper mistake! Do not find Reference source.Part is described, will to the local soil removal and replacement of this System Implementation, then continue to add earth electrode.But program finds that this routine mesexine soil is lower, therefore no longer carries out the trial of this measure.
10) finish
Program shows optimum results, so far, and the program end of run.
Draw to optimize and fall the resistance result:
Grounding system after the Substation Optimization
Figure BSA00000526347100081
Figure BSA00000526347100091
Can find out that for present case, expand net, draw with simultaneously use of earth electrode and can make earth resistance near desired value, resistance reducing effect meets universal experience and expection outward.Because needing to produce reality according to local society, the cost cost decides, here vacancy.
More than; be preferred embodiment of the present invention only, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention in.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range that claim was defined.

Claims (6)

1. the methods to reduce resistance of a grounding system, it is characterized in that: according to grounding resistance and the safety index of user's input, to resistance according to the mode of drawing the level down resistance simultaneously or be optimized successively, after the resistance value after the optimization meets safety index, draw the concrete resistance mode of falling.
2. the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: its detailed process is: the user inputs the primary condition of on-site land survey, and providing grounding resistance and safety index, the user inputs initial electrical network or automatically disposes typical earth mat by program afterwards; Use simultaneously or successively expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the resistance of falling that the resistance mode of falling that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is drawn grade, until the resistance value of falling after the resistance meets safety index; Thereby draw can satisfy the resistance demand falls and resistance mode and resistance reducing effect thereof specifically fall.
3. the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described resistance reducing effect mainly comprise Optimized Measures combination implementation detail, implement after the calculated value of ground network ground resistance and step voltage, touch voltage, mesh voltage etc., provide simultaneously the cost after using this and falling the resistance combined measure.
4. the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described application expand net, outward draw ground connection, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, the grade mode of drawing that increases slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding is: the expansion net is category-A, priority is the highest, drawing ground connection outward is category-B, priority is taken second place, local soil removal and replacement, increase vertical grounding electrode, increase slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding and explosion grounding are listed as the C class, and priority is minimum.
5. the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described priority is lower falls resistance all so that the optimum results after using the higher optimization of priority is the basis; Hinder requirement and safety index requirement if optimize satisfied the falling of the result who obtains, then no longer carry out the calculating of low priority measure; Fall resistance requirement and safety index requirement if the result who obtains does not satisfy, then proceed next stage optimization on the basis of upper level optimization; For the resistance mode of falling that is in same priority, all an above priority the resistance result falls as the basis, and be coordination mutually, mutually not with the other side for falling the resistance precondition.
6. the methods to reduce resistance of grounding system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the implementation step of the methods to reduce resistance of described grounding system is as follows:
(1) the grounding system user sets the target resistance values of grounding system, obtains the residing soil resistivity lift height of grounding system and grounding system area;
(2) according to the residing soil resistivity lift height of the above-mentioned grounding system of obtaining and grounding system area, an initial grounding system is set, calculate the resistance value of this initial grounding system, this resistance value and above-mentioned target resistance values are compared, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then this initial grounding system is the target grounding system, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (3);
(3) if allow the enlarged areas of grounding system, the maximum that then enlarged areas of initial grounding system is allowed to the grounding system user, when maximum that the enlarged areas of initial grounding system allows to the grounding system user, if resistance value is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce the area of grounding system, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (4);
(4) outside realizing, grounding system draws ground connection if allow, then will draw length outward and rise to the maximum that the grounding system user allows, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, reduce outer length of drawing ground connection, until the resistance value of grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value greater than target resistance values, is then carried out step (5);
(5) for increasing vertical grounding electrode, increasing slanting grounding electrode, deep-well grounding, explosion grounding and 5 measures of local soil removal and replacement, under the prerequisite of user selection, expand net and outside draw on the basis of ground connection result of calculation, calculate respectively, if the gained grounding resistance is less than target resistance values, then according to the difference between resistance value and the target resistance values, the resistance measure of the falling numerical value that adjusting increases newly, resistance value to grounding system equals target resistance values, if resistance value is greater than target resistance values, then finish to calculate, and record this resistance value;
(6) final program will provide the optimum organization of falling the resistance measure that user selection uses, and its implementation detail, safety index and required cost.
CN2011101769084A 2011-06-28 2011-06-28 Resistance reducing method for grounding system Pending CN102856759A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104820144A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-05 国家电网公司 Resistance reduction analysis and measure system applied to transformer station lightning-proof grounding system
CN105375127A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-02 安徽华电工程咨询设计有限公司 Method for reducing grounding resistance in manner of digging grounding deep well in transformer station
CN111786349A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-16 深圳供电局有限公司 Step voltage suppression method for power transmission line tower

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1237811A (en) * 1999-07-09 1999-12-08 清华大学 Method for reducing ground-resistance of transmission transformer station in area with high earth resistance

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1237811A (en) * 1999-07-09 1999-12-08 清华大学 Method for reducing ground-resistance of transmission transformer station in area with high earth resistance

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
吴锦鹏: "接地降阻优化选型系统研究", 《清华大学-学生优秀作品数据库》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104820144A (en) * 2015-04-17 2015-08-05 国家电网公司 Resistance reduction analysis and measure system applied to transformer station lightning-proof grounding system
CN105375127A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-02 安徽华电工程咨询设计有限公司 Method for reducing grounding resistance in manner of digging grounding deep well in transformer station
CN111786349A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-16 深圳供电局有限公司 Step voltage suppression method for power transmission line tower
CN111786349B (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-12-07 深圳供电局有限公司 Step voltage suppression method for power transmission line tower

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