CN102836823A - High-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system - Google Patents
High-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102836823A CN102836823A CN2011101679459A CN201110167945A CN102836823A CN 102836823 A CN102836823 A CN 102836823A CN 2011101679459 A CN2011101679459 A CN 2011101679459A CN 201110167945 A CN201110167945 A CN 201110167945A CN 102836823 A CN102836823 A CN 102836823A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of garbage disposal machines and particularly relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system which solves the technical problems that the energy consumption is high, the disposal capacity is low, and the sorting effect is poor in the prior art. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system adopts the technical schemes that the high-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system comprises a bag breaking and feeding mechanism and a sieving and rake sorting mechanism, wherein the sieving and rake sorting mechanism is positioned under and/or below the bag breaking and feeding mechanism; the bag breaking and feeding mechanism comprises a sorting roller and a material breaking roller, or comprises the material breaking roller and a bag breaking toothed plate; the sieving and rake sorting mechanism comprises a rotary rake sorting device and a sieving and conveying device; the sieving and conveying device is positioned under and/or below the rotary rake sorting device; and the sieving and conveying device comprises an annular sieve strap. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gravitational garbage sorting system takes full advantage of self-gravity of garbage and sorts the garbage by multiple stages from the top down, saves the space, reduces the energy consumption during garbage conveying, and saves energy resources, time, labor, material resources and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of garbage disposal machinery, and particularly relates to a gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system.
Background
Along with the development of economy and science and technology, the components of garbage are more and more complex and are more and more difficult to treat, but the damage of the garbage to the ecological environment and the waste of resources become disastrous social problems, the existing garbage treatment systems are mostly of a winnowing type, the winnowing type treatment system has good treatment and classification effects on the garbage, but has large energy consumption, large occupied field, complex and huge equipment structure, complex treatment procedures, high manufacturing cost and small treatment capacity, and the garbage cannot be treated again; the incineration type equipment also has the problems that a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted, the treatment capacity of the incineration type equipment on the garbage is difficult to solve the problems of the existing garbage and the amount of the garbage in the future. Other garbage equipment has single function, and because the sorting equipment structure is complicated, the maintenance is difficult, the equipment utilization rate is low, and the application effect is poor. The garbage treatment equipment which has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation, large treatment capacity, small occupied space, good classification and separation effect, less maintenance and simple and easy maintenance is urgently needed, and the gravity principle of materials is fully utilized to perform a large amount of quick separation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system comprises a bag breaking feeding mechanism, a screening raking mechanism and the like; the screening and raking mechanism is positioned below and/or laterally below the bag breaking and feeding mechanism; the bag breaking and feeding mechanism comprises a material selecting roller and a material breaking roller or comprises a material breaking roller, a bag breaking toothed plate and the like; the screening and raking mechanism comprises a rolling rake sorting device, a screening and conveying device and the like; the screening and conveying device is positioned below and/or laterally below the rolling rake sorting device; the screening and conveying device comprises an annular screen belt and the like.
The gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system also comprises a magnetic sorting device; the magnetic material selecting device is positioned below and/or laterally below the material breaking roller or the material selecting roller and above the screening and raking mechanism.
The outer surface of the material selecting roller is provided with a plurality of sorting crushing teeth and the like, the outer surface of the material breaking roller is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth, and the sorting crushing teeth and the bag breaking teeth are arranged in a staggered and alternating mode.
The outer surface of the material breaking roller is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth and the like, the surface of the bag breaking toothed plate is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth and the like, and the bag breaking teeth and the crushing teeth are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner.
And a guide plate and the like are arranged below the material selecting roller and/or the material breaking roller, and the guide plate has a material cleaning and discharging effect on the material breaking roller and/or the material selecting roller.
And a metal material feeder and the like are arranged below and/or on the side of the magnetic material separation device, and a metal material guide groove and/or a material collector and the like are arranged at the outlet of the metal material feeder.
The magnetic separation device comprises a magnetic separation driving roller, an annular belt, a magnetic separation bend roller and the like.
The magnetic separation bend drum is a strong magnetic bend drum, and the annular belt is a strong magnetic annular belt.
The magnetic separation device also comprises a strong magnetic iron absorber which is positioned between the magnetic separation driving roller and the magnetic separation bend roller and in an annular formed by the annular belt.
The discharge end of the screen surface of the annular screen belt is provided with a material guide groove and/or a material collector and the like, and the discharge end under the screen is provided with a material mixing and collecting guide plate and the like.
The rolling rake sorting device comprises a rolling rake, a plastic cloth gathering and guiding device and the like.
The rolling harrow comprises material cleaning harrow teeth; the outer surface of the annular sieve belt is provided with material selecting teeth; the material cleaning rake teeth and the material selecting teeth are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention fully utilizes the dead weight of the garbage, and carries out multi-stage sorting on the garbage from top to bottom, thereby saving the ground space, reducing the energy consumption during the garbage transportation, and saving the energy, time, manpower and material resources, and the like;
2. the magnetic separation device III of the invention mainly separates metal materials, and the screening and raking mechanism II can classify the materials according to the volume according to the mixing degree of garbage and the requirements of classification and separation; the garbage is reasonably recycled, and the optimal energy-saving and optimal screening effect is realized in structure and operation;
3. the invention has the advantages of less maintenance, simple maintenance, scientific and reasonable cost, large treatment capacity, high treatment speed, less time consumption, less energy consumption and easy popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bag-breaking feeding mechanism I in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening and raking mechanism II in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the screening and raking mechanism II of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the screening conveyor 202 according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic separation device III according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of example 6 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a breaker plate 108 in embodiment 6 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a front view of the breaker plate 108 of embodiment 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of example 9 of the present invention.
Wherein, I, bag breaking feeding mechanism, II, screening and raking mechanism, III, magnetic separation device, 101, bag breaking roller, 102, selection roller, 103, guide plate, 104, sorting and crushing teeth, 105, bag breaking teeth, 106, bag breaking feeding mechanism bracket, 107, buffer spring, 108, bag breaking toothed plate, 109, crushing teeth, 110 bag breaking plate, 111, bag breaking toothed plate bracket, 112, rotating shaft, 113, support spring, 201, rolling rake sorting device, 202, screening and conveying device, 203, plastic cloth gathering and guiding device, 204, mixing gathering and guiding plate, 205, material gathering groove, 206, screening and selecting device, 207, crusher, 208, large material guiding groove, 209, medium material guiding groove, 210, rolling rake, 211, annular screen belt, 212, cleaning teeth, 213, selection teeth, 214, screening driving roller, 215, screening and direction changing roller, 216, elastic sorting device, 301, metal material guiding groove, blanking device, 302 and metal material guiding groove, 303. magnetic separation redirection drum 304, annular belt 305, magnetic separation driving drum 306 and strong magnetic iron absorber.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the bag breaking and feeding device comprises a bag breaking and feeding mechanism I, a screening and raking mechanism II and the like, wherein the screening and raking mechanism II is positioned below and/or laterally below the bag breaking and feeding mechanism I. The bag breaking and feeding mechanism I comprises a material selecting roller 102 and a material breaking roller 101 or comprises a material breaking roller 101, a bag breaking toothed plate 108 and the like; the screening and raking mechanism II comprises a rolling rake sorting device 201, a screening and conveying device 202 and the like; the screening conveyor 202 is located below and/or laterally below the rolling rake sorting device 201.
As shown in fig. 3, the bag-breaking feeding mechanism i includes a material selecting roller 102, a material breaking roller 101, and the like, and the material selecting roller 102 and the material breaking roller 101 are disposed on a bag-breaking feeding mechanism support 106. The outer surface of the material selecting roller 102 is provided with a plurality of sorting crushing teeth 104, the outer surface of the material breaking roller 101 is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth 105, and the sorting crushing teeth 104 and the bag breaking teeth 105 are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner. The discharger 307 and/or the deflector clean the materials such as the plastic cloth on the sorting crushing teeth 104 and guide the materials into the plastic cloth collector.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, the screening and raking mechanism ii includes a rolling rake sorting device 201, a screening and conveying device 202, and the like; the screening material conveying device 202 comprises a screening driving roller 214, a screening direction-changing roller 215, an annular screen belt 211 and the like; the rolling rake sorting device 201 comprises a rolling rake 210, a plastic cloth gathering and guiding device 203 and the like. The discharge end of the screen surface of the annular screen belt 211 is provided with a material collecting groove 205 and the like, and the discharge end under the screen is provided with a material mixing and collecting guide plate 204 and the like. The rolling harrow comprises material cleaning harrow teeth 212; the outer surface of the annular sieve belt 211 is provided with material selecting teeth 213; the material cleaning rake teeth 212 and the material selecting rake teeth 213 are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the upper portion of broken bag feed mechanism I is equipped with the feed inlet, and the material falls to selecting materials cylinder 102 and material breaking cylinder 101 between from the feed inlet, and selecting materials cylinder 102 anticlockwise rotation, simultaneously, material breaking cylinder 101 also anticlockwise rotation, and bag form rubbish upwards rotates under the drive of sorting broken tooth 104, accomplishes the breakage to the disposal bag in the twinkling of an eye at broken material tooth 105 and the crisscross completion of sorting broken tooth 104, and the disposal bag after the breakage is taken out by selecting materials cylinder 102 and is unloaded. Other materials fall down from the space between the material selecting roller 102 and the material breaking roller 101 and fall to the feeding part of the screening and raking mechanism II along the guide plate 103. The moving direction of the annular screen belt 211 of the screening and conveying device 202 is the same as the axial direction of the material selecting roller 102 and the material breaking roller 101. The selected materials are driven by the material selecting teeth 213 to move and be selected, plastic cloth materials such as garbage bags and the like are brought to the rolling harrow by the material selecting teeth 213, and are harrowed out by the material cleaning harrow teeth 212 and then are led out by the plastic cloth material collecting and guiding device 203. The materials on the screen surface of the screening and conveying device 202 fall into a material collecting groove 205 and the like; the undersize materials are unloaded through a material mixing and collecting plate 204 and the like.
The moving direction of the annular screen belt 211 of the screening and conveying device 202 and the axial lines of the material selecting roller 102 and the material breaking roller 101 can also be different directions.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the invention also comprises a magnetic material selecting device iii; and the magnetic material selecting device III is positioned below and/or laterally below the material breaking roller 101 or the material selecting roller and above the screening and raking mechanism II. Metal blanking devices 301 and the like are arranged below, below and/or on the side of the magnetic separation device III, and metal material guide grooves 302 and the like are arranged at the outlets of the metal blanking devices 301.
As shown in fig. 7, magnetic separation material device iii includes magnetic separation driving pulley 305, endless belt 304, magnetic separation driven pulley 303 and strong magnetic attractor 306, magnetic separation driving pulley 305 and magnetic separation driven pulley 303 parallel arrangement, endless belt 304 twines on the excircle of magnetic separation driving pulley 305 and magnetic separation driven pulley 303, magnetic separation material device is equipped with straining device and carries out the tensioning to the endless belt, be favorable to endless belt and magnetic separation driving pulley, magnetic separation driven pulley is effective to be cooperated, strong magnetic attractor 306 is located between magnetic separation driving pulley 305 and the magnetic separation driven pulley 303, in the annular that endless belt 304 formed. The magnetic separation direction-changing drum 303 is a strong magnetic direction-changing drum.
When the materials subjected to bag breaking and sorting are subjected to the magnetic sorting device III, the metal materials are sorted out under the action of magnetic force and fall into a metal material guide chute 302 and the like through a metal blanking device 301.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, a sieve separator 206 may be disposed within the material collection tank 205 of the present invention. A large material guide chute 208 is arranged at the outlet of the screen surface of the screening separator 206, and a medium material guide chute 209 is arranged under the screen; a breaker 207 is arranged in the large material guide chute 208.
The material in the material collecting groove 205 falls into the sieving separator 206, after sieving, the material on the sieve surface falls into the large material guide groove 208, and is crushed by the crusher 207 and then discharged; the undersize material falls directly into the middling guide chute 209.
The crusher 207 may be a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, an impact crusher, a roller crusher, etc.
The rest is the same as example 1 or example 2.
Example 4
A plurality of screening and raking mechanisms II can be vertically arranged in sequence. As shown in figure 8, the invention comprises two screening and raking mechanisms II, and magnetic material separation devices III are arranged above the screening and raking mechanisms II, or not.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 9, the outer surface of the material selecting drum 102 is provided with a plurality of sorting crushing teeth 104, etc., the outer surface of the material breaking drum 101 is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth 105, and the sorting crushing teeth 104 and the bag breaking teeth 105 are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner. The rear parts of the bag breaking teeth 105 and/or the sorting crushing teeth 104 are provided with buffer springs 107, and when large materials are met, the bag breaking teeth 105 and/or the sorting crushing teeth 104 can retract into the inside of the roller so as to be beneficial to the passing of the materials.
The buffer springs 107 may also be arranged in the middle or in the rear part of the bag breaking teeth 105 and/or the sorting breaking teeth 104.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 10, the breaking roller 101 of the bag breaking and feeding mechanism i is replaced by a bag breaking toothed plate 108 and the like.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, a plurality of crushing teeth 109 are arranged on the surface of the bag breaking toothed plate 108, the bag breaking teeth 105 and the crushing teeth 109 are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner, and the crushing teeth 109 are arranged in a downward inclined manner, so that the downward sliding of the material is facilitated; one end of the bag breaking plate 110 is connected with the bag breaking toothed plate bracket 111 through the rotating shaft 112, the other end is connected with the supporting spring 113, and the supporting spring 113 is fixed on the bag breaking plate 110. The bag breaking plate 110 is provided with a plurality of breaking teeth 109. When large materials are met, the bag breaking plate 110 rotates along the rotating shaft 112 under the buffering of the supporting spring 113 so as to facilitate the passing of the materials.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 13, unlike embodiment 7, the bag breaking plate 110 is divided into a plurality of pieces, each of which is rotatable about a rotation shaft 112, a spring or the like is supported behind each of the bag breaking plates 110, and the number of the bag breaking plates 110 may be arbitrarily set according to actual working conditions. Each bag breaking plate 110 is provided with breaking teeth 109. When the large materials are difficult to pass through, the material breaking roller 101 pulls the large materials to move downwards, the related one of the extruded bag breaking plates 110 retracts, the large materials pass through, and other bag breaking plates 110 do not need to stretch.
The rest is the same as example 6.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 1, a guide plate 103 is arranged below the side of the bag breaking feeding mechanism i and above the side of the screening and raking mechanism ii, the upper part of the guide plate 103 is provided with a discharge tooth 307 in cooperation with the bag breaking feeding mechanism i, the discharge tooth 307 is arranged to be inserted into the sorting and crushing tooth 104 and/or the bag breaking tooth 105, and the materials such as plastic cloth selected by the material selecting roller 102 are discharged when reaching the guide plate 103. As shown in fig. 10, when the material breaking drum 101 and the bag breaking toothed plate 108 cooperate to complete bag breaking sorting feeding, the guide plate 103 unloads the material breaking drum 101.
The rest is the same as example 6.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 14, which is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 9, different from embodiment 1, a mesh screen is disposed below the bulk material separated by the screening and raking mechanism ii, and an elastic sorting device 216 is disposed below and/or at a side of the mesh screen to sort out plastic bottles, foam blocks, paper cases, plastic cases, vessels, paper boxes, aluminum boxes, and the like.
Otherwise, the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated.
Claims (13)
1. A gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system is characterized by comprising a bag breaking feeding mechanism and a screening rake selecting mechanism; the screening and raking mechanism is positioned below and/or laterally below the bag breaking and feeding mechanism; wherein,
the bag breaking and feeding mechanism comprises a material selecting roller and a material breaking roller or comprises a material breaking roller and a bag breaking toothed plate;
the screening and raking mechanism comprises a rolling rake sorting device and a screening and conveying device; the screening and conveying device is positioned below and/or laterally below the rolling rake sorting device; the screening and conveying device comprises an annular screen belt.
2. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic separation device; the magnetic material selecting device is positioned below and/or laterally below the material breaking roller or the material selecting roller and above the screening and raking mechanism.
3. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the sorting roller is provided with a plurality of sorting crushing teeth, the outer surface of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth, and the sorting crushing teeth and the bag breaking teeth are arranged in a staggered and alternating manner.
4. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the material breaking roller is provided with a plurality of bag breaking teeth, the surface of the bag breaking toothed plate is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth, and the bag breaking teeth and the crushing teeth are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner.
5. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 1, wherein a deflector is arranged below the sorting drum and/or the material breaking drum.
6. The gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system according to claim 5, wherein the guide plate is provided with a material cleaning tooth, a material cleaning plate tooth, a material cleaning claw and a material cleaning plate.
7. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 2, wherein a metal blanking device is arranged below and/or on the side of the magnetic sorting device, and a metal material guide chute and/or a material collector is arranged at the outlet of the metal blanking device.
8. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic sorting device comprises a magnetic separation driving drum, an endless belt and a magnetic separation direction-changing drum.
9. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic direction-changing drum is a strong magnetic direction-changing drum, and the endless belt is a strong magnetic belt.
10. The gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic sorting device further comprises a strong magnetic iron absorber, and the strong magnetic iron absorber is positioned between the magnetic separation driving roller and the magnetic separation direction-changing roller and in an annular shape formed by the annular belt.
11. The gravity high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system according to claim 1, wherein a material guiding groove and/or a material collector is arranged at the discharge end of the screen surface of the annular screen belt, and a material mixing and guiding plate is arranged at the discharge end below the screen.
12. The gravity energy-efficient garbage sorting system according to claim 1, wherein the rolling rake sorting device comprises a rolling rake and a plastic cloth gathering and guiding device.
13. The gravity energy efficient sorting refuse system of claim 11, wherein said rolling rake comprises material clearing rake teeth; the outer surface of the annular sieve belt is provided with material selecting teeth; the material cleaning rake teeth and the material selecting teeth are arranged in a staggered and penetrating manner.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110167945.9A CN102836823B (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Gravitational high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110167945.9A CN102836823B (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2011-06-21 | Gravitational high-efficiency energy-saving garbage sorting system |
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| CN102836823A true CN102836823A (en) | 2012-12-26 |
| CN102836823B CN102836823B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105080937A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江大学 | Homogenizing and impurity removing integral device for large-scale kitchen waste and processing method of device |
| CN107262397A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-20 | 杭州谷胜农业科技有限公司 | Suitable for the broken bag sorting equipment of kitchen garbage discarded object |
| CN109454096A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 大连利浦环境能源工程技术有限公司 | A kind of kitchen garbage Anaerobic Treatment pretreatment unit |
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| CN109454096A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-12 | 大连利浦环境能源工程技术有限公司 | A kind of kitchen garbage Anaerobic Treatment pretreatment unit |
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| CN102836823B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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Inventor after: Liu Suhua Inventor after: Zhang Huayi Inventor after: Gao Huiling Inventor before: Liu Suhua |