CN102818621A - Non-contact collecting probe - Google Patents
Non-contact collecting probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN102818621A CN102818621A CN2011101535306A CN201110153530A CN102818621A CN 102818621 A CN102818621 A CN 102818621A CN 2011101535306 A CN2011101535306 A CN 2011101535306A CN 201110153530 A CN201110153530 A CN 201110153530A CN 102818621 A CN102818621 A CN 102818621A
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-contact collecting probe and belongs to the field of ultrasonic vibration detection. The non-contact collecting probe comprises a base and piezoelectric ceramic. The base is in an elastic arc structure with concave front and convex back. The piezoelectric ceramic is adhered to the back of the arc base, and a polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic is along through-thickness direction of the base, namely normal direction of the base. By the aid of the non-contact collecting probe, an emitting point medium is never damaged, and nondestructive testing is achieved. The non-contact collecting probe is a non-contact emission source, an emitter is not lifted or lowered at the moving position, and accordingly production efficiency of the non-contact collecting probe is high. A focus of the non-contact collecting probe on a model can be diminished to 0.2mm by focusing, the requirement for scaling down of a field focus is met, and simulation is more vivid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ultrasonic vibration detection range, be specifically related to a kind of noncontact accumulation type probe.
Background technology
Seismic physical modeling research is meant utilizes physical model that earthquake and relevant phenomenon (particularly wave phenomenon) are studied, and it is an important component part of experimental geology, and model geology is otherwise known as.The method of the most generally using in the research of model geology is a ultrasonic method, therefore often is called as ultrasonic earthquake simulation.Ultrasonic earthquake physical model experiment through the propagation observation of ultrasound wave in geologic model to seismic event the propagation in various complex geologic bodies carry out lab simulation observation, and carry out study of seismology according to observed result.It is explained and has solved the practical problems that occurs in many geophysical surveys, thereby has greatly promoted the theoretical development of seismology.
Ultrasonic inspection also is in ultrasound examination, is a kind of of Non-Destructive Testing.Non-Destructive Testing is under the prerequisite of not defective work piece or starting material duty, a kind of detection means that the surface that is verified parts and internal soundness are checked.
Ultrasonic detection method commonly used at present mainly contains two kinds, contact type measurement and non-cpntact measurement.
1. contact type measurement
The probe that contact type measurement adopts piezoelectric ultrasonic probe or other materials to process usually.This probe is made up of piezoelectric chip or other materials (like compound substance) usually, and it is relatively simple for structure, and is easy for installation, receives and dispatches interchangeable.What Fig. 1 provided is the cut-away view of piezoelectricity contact probe.
When solid material was measured, transmitting probe and receiving transducer were close to the testee surface.Emitting head converts electric signal (being generally burst pulse) into ultrasonic signal; Receive head and then convert ultrasonic signal into electric signal.
2. non-cpntact measurement
The non-cpntact measurement that uses at present is made up of intense pulse laser source and laser vibration measurer usually.
Ultrasonic emitting partly adopts the intense pulse laser source.When model was tested, the intense pulse laser source was to model point (being called shot point again) emission laser pulse, and this point is heated thermal expansion or fusing can take place, and produced ultrasound wave thus and transmitted to model is inner.The ultrasound wave receiving unit adopts laser vibration measurer, and it can detect the vibration velocity or the displacement on testee surface.
Existing ultrasonic detection method is being used for having certain shortcoming and limitation when geologic model detects.
1. the piezoelectric ultrasonic probe is simple relatively, and price is lower, but when carrying out the geologic model detection, uses the piezoelectric type probe can produce some problems when transmitting and receiving.
Piezoelectric ultrasonic probe is to solid geologic model (especially to the complex surface model) when detecting; Owing to the reason device of process aspect, the test section surface of contact is bigger, when the curved surface model is detected; Probe and model surface coupling effect are poor, sometimes even can't be coupled; Because existing ultrasonic probe can only carry out narrow emission and reception, therefore measure the actual conditions that can not reflect that the field construction wideband receives.Owing to be contact type measurement, adopt then low, the low precision of efficiency of measurement of manual mode in addition; When moving through mechanical system, all will repeat to pull up and place this process, and that each set-point probe and contact pressure between model are difficult to accomplish is consistent, the poor repeatability of therefore measuring is damaged probe easily at every turn.Often the complete test of a sleeve solid geologic model needs the some months time at present, and the piezoelectric ultrasonic probe can not satisfy the needs of research and production far away.
2. laser-ultrasound wave measurement
The laser-ultrasound wave measurement is a kind of non-contact ultrasonic measuring method.It can overcome the problem that the piezoelectric type probe exists effectively, but it also exists some problems.Because ultrasonic emitting partly adopts the intense pulse laser source, when intense pulse laser source irradiation nonmetallic materials, the high temperature of instantaneous generation can damage the surface, measured point, this point is reached burnt in the neighbourhood, and produce distortion.The damage of this point can influence next time the stimulation effect at this point.And when carrying out the physical model detection; Requirement can repeatedly be launched ultrasonic signal on same launching site (we are referred to as shot point); This just means that this point is repeatedly shone by the intense pulse laser source; And require the state of this point of each pre-irradiation can not change, i.e. good reproducibility, and adopt the intense pulse laser source to be difficult to accomplish this point.If the reduction emitted energy, the ultrasonic emitting energy that then produces is not enough, and signal can't arrive the model deep layer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve a difficult problem that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of noncontact accumulation type probe is provided, be used to simulate explosive, carry out Non-Destructive Testing.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of noncontact accumulation type probe comprises matrix and piezoelectric ceramics, and said matrix is the arcuate structure that the front is recessed, the back side is protruding, and is flexible; Said piezoelectric ceramics sticks on the back side of curved base, and its polarised direction is along the thickness direction of matrix, i.e. the normal direction of matrix.
When the operation mode of matrix was flexural vibrations, the crest place of matrix and the sense of displacement at trough place (being the normal direction at crest or trough place) all pointed to same focus; Piezoelectric ceramics sticks on the crest place or the trough place at the back side of matrix.
When the operation mode of matrix was flexural vibrations, the crest place of matrix and the sense of displacement at trough place all pointed to same focus; Piezoelectric ceramics sticks on crest place and trough place simultaneously; Is opposite in the polarised direction of the piezoelectric ceramics at crest place with polarised direction at the piezoelectric ceramics at trough place.
Front at said matrix is provided with matching layer, and the material of said matching layer adopts microporous materials, comprises high fibrous composite of aerogel or porous or porous polymeric materials.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. utilize noncontact accumulation type of the present invention probe can simulate explosive, and the launching site medium can not be damaged, therefore belong to Non-Destructive Testing; If add laser head simulated earthquake wave detector, just can simulate the complete gatherer process of ground observation with laser vibration measurer;
2. because the noncontact focused transducer is the noncontact emissive source, and when the shift position, emitting head does not have the handling process, its production efficiency is higher;
3. the noncontact focused transducer can be little of the 0.2mm (diameter of that when being meant the shot point diameter or referring to that ultrasonic emitting arrives model surface through focusing in the focus on the model; This focuses on light is the same in essence); Meet the scaled requirement of open-air focus, make simulate effect more true to nature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cut-away view of piezoelectricity contact probe of the prior art.
Fig. 2-the 1st, the schematic rear view of noncontact focused transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 2-the 2nd, the front schematic view of noncontact focused transducer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the piezoelectric ceramics on the noncontact focused transducer of the present invention excites probe flexural vibrations and focused sound waves.
Among the figure, 1-1 is a ultrasonic radiation face, and 1-2 is an acoustic matching layer, and 1-3 is a piezoelectric ceramics, and 1-4 is a metal case, and 1-5 base, 1-6 are shielding materials, and 1-7 is a lead terminal;
2-1 is high-performance PZT, and 2-2 is a radiating surface, and 2-3 is a matrix, and 2-4 is an acoustic irradiation, and 2-5 is a polarised direction.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
A kind of noncontact focused transducer is designed to as shown in Figure 2; What Fig. 2 provided is the overall diagram of noncontact focused transducer under off position, is positive recessed, the structure that the back side is protruding; Said curved base 2-3 is flexible; Be pasted with polylith piezoelectric ceramics (high-performance PZT) 2-1 at the back side of matrix 2-3 (shown in Fig. 2-1), the polarised direction of every piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 is all along thickness direction, i.e. the normal direction of curved base 2-3.When the electric field that piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 applied along polarised direction, rely on the d31 effect of piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 can be at first in piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 producing displacement response tangentially, thereby make electric energy convert mechanical energy effectively to.Since piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 and flexible arc matrix 2-3 be gluing together; Can know by deformation compatibility condition; The two will produce same distortion at boundary (place that pottery and matrix are pasted); Piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 will spur matrix 2-3 and be out of shape together, can produce tensile force to matrix 2-3 and produce mechanical stress thus.If piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 is applied specific signal (alternation or pulse); Piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 is subjected to displacement because of inverse piezoelectric effect; Driving the matrix 2-3 that bonds together with piezoelectric ceramics 2-1 deforms; Inspire the dither of matrix 2-3, as shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 provides is the synoptic diagram that the noncontact focused transducer has a plurality of Wave crest and wave troughs in working order.
The criterion of design matrix is, selected flexural vibrations are as operation mode, and the sense of displacement at its crest and trough place all points to same focus (before not pasting piezoelectric ceramics, can making it to meet the demands through finite element analysis and design).For increasing output power, piezoelectric ceramics can stick on crest place or trough place simultaneously or stick on the crest place simultaneously and the trough place.Only be attached to the trough place or only be attached to the crest place; Also can excite needed vibration mode, but if only be attached to crest or trough place, piezoelectric unit is very few; May make that emittance is not enough and impact effect is realized final sound radiation energy output because be after all through piezoelectric unit.It should be noted that especially the deformation direction at crest or trough place piezoelectric ceramics is opposite all the time, this can guarantee through the polarised direction 2-5 of the piezoelectric ceramics pasted at crest and trough place on the contrary, and is as shown in Figure 3.During work, all piezoelectric ceramics are applied the pumping signal of alternation, and the frequency of alternating electric field is consistent with the vibration modal frequency of matrix.Because it is opposite being distributed in the polarised direction 2-5 at crest and trough place, its distortion also is reverse, just can inspire operation mode.Each crest or trough place produce displacement response and all can bring out sound wave and pass on the curved base.Because the crest and the trough place sense of displacement of the vibration of probe matrix all point to same focus, the energy of the acoustic irradiation 2-4 that dither brings out will reach maximum in focus, can realize that promptly the acoustic wave energy on the certain distance focuses on.Rely on the advantage of this method of d31 effect to be,, therefore do not need the design of backing because do not have the interference of reflection wave, fairly simple on the structure.
Concrete design key is the concrete configuration parameters of curved base, and concrete configuration parameters is to confirm according to following principle: (1) crest and the displacement of trough place are pointed to a bit, promptly focus on; (2) obtain the amplitude output of trying one's best big.The layout of piezoelectric ceramics and quantity (can accelerate) according to power demand; Radiating surface 2-2 (the front that refers to matrix; That face that does not promptly have piezoelectric ceramics) surface is provided with matching layer, the sound wave that the material design of said matching layer and selection will guarantee to produce the enough energy that meet the demands.
Consider mainly that for the selection of matching layer acoustic impedance coupling, decay are little etc., and can satisfy processing request, just very crisp like some material, cause being difficult to be processed into the needed parallel and smooth surface that has.Among the present invention, the optional material of matching layer concentrates on microporous materials, therefore generally can select like aerogel the high fibrous composite of porous, porous polymeric materials.
Principle of work of the present invention is: when tested geologic model is tested; Start high-voltage pulse generator and send the high drive burst pulse to the noncontact focused transducer; And this noncontact focused transducer transmits at this point (referring to the shot point place) generation ultrasound wave (the noncontact focused transducer converts pulse voltage signal to ultrasonic signal and sends) and to model inside then to certain point (being called shot point) emission focusing pulse of tested geologic model.In this process, the launching site medium can not be damaged, and therefore belongs to Non-Destructive Testing.Because the noncontact focused transducer is the noncontact emissive source, when the shift position, emitting head does not have the handling process, and its production efficiency is higher; And the noncontact focused transducer can be little of the 0.2mm (diameter of that when being meant the shot point diameter or referring to that ultrasonic emitting arrives model surface through focusing in the focus on the model; This focuses on light is the same in essence), meet the scaled requirement of open-air focus.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention; For those skilled in the art; On the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention; Therefore the mode of front description is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (4)
1. a noncontact accumulation type is popped one's head in, and it is characterized in that: said noncontact accumulation type probe comprises that matrix and piezoelectric ceramics, said matrix are the arcuate structure that the front is recessed, the back side is protruding, and is flexible; Said piezoelectric ceramics sticks on the back side of matrix, and its polarised direction is along the thickness direction of matrix, i.e. the normal direction of matrix.
2. noncontact accumulation type probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the operation mode of said matrix was flexural vibrations, the crest place of matrix and the sense of displacement at trough place all pointed to same focus; Piezoelectric ceramics sticks on the crest place or the trough place at the back side of matrix.
3. noncontact accumulation type probe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the operation mode of said matrix was flexural vibrations, the crest place of matrix and the sense of displacement at trough place all pointed to same focus; Piezoelectric ceramics sticks on crest place and trough place simultaneously; Is opposite in the polarised direction of the piezoelectric ceramics at crest place with polarised direction at the piezoelectric ceramics at trough place.
4. according to the described noncontact accumulation type probe of one of claim 1 to 3; It is characterized in that: the front at said matrix is provided with matching layer; The material of said matching layer adopts microporous materials, comprises high fibrous composite of aerogel or porous or porous polymeric materials.
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| CN201110153530.6A CN102818621B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Non-contact collecting probe |
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| CN201110153530.6A CN102818621B (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2011-06-09 | Non-contact collecting probe |
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| CN102818621B CN102818621B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104122331A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | 北京大学 | Non-destructive testing system and method based on contact vibration of piezoelectric disk |
| CN108414799A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江南自智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of detection of long-distance intelligent and data acquisition and analysis system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4462092A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1984-07-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited | Arc scan ultrasonic transducer array |
| CN1686582A (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2005-10-26 | 上海交通大学 | Self focusing array ultrasonic energy changer |
| CN201304188Y (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-09-09 | 王敏岐 | Focused ultrasonic transducer |
-
2011
- 2011-06-09 CN CN201110153530.6A patent/CN102818621B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4462092A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1984-07-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited | Arc scan ultrasonic transducer array |
| CN1686582A (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2005-10-26 | 上海交通大学 | Self focusing array ultrasonic energy changer |
| CN201304188Y (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-09-09 | 王敏岐 | Focused ultrasonic transducer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104122331A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | 北京大学 | Non-destructive testing system and method based on contact vibration of piezoelectric disk |
| CN108414799A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-17 | 浙江南自智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of detection of long-distance intelligent and data acquisition and analysis system |
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| CN102818621B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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