CN102817704A - Engine system with variable effective circulation area of turbines - Google Patents

Abstract

An engine system with a variable turbine effective flow area in the technical field of internal combustion engines, comprising: a compressor, an intake pipe, an engine, an exhaust pipe, a turbine, a volume cavity, a connecting pipe, a moving body, a spring and a through pipe, and the moving body is installed on The volume chamber is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the volume chamber. The first through pipe and the second through pipe run through the left and right walls of the moving body, and the upper wall of the moving body is connected to the upper wall of the volume chamber through a spring. When the engine is in a low-speed working condition, the mobile body moves downward, only the first compressor and the first turbine work, the pulse energy is fully utilized, the intake pressure of the engine is higher, and the overall performance of the engine is better; when the engine is in a high-speed working condition Under normal circumstances, the mobile body moves upwards, the first compressor, the second compressor, the first turbine, and the second turbine work simultaneously, the engine pumping loss is small, and the engine performance is better. The invention has reasonable design and simple structure, and is suitable for a turbocharging system with two turbochargers.

Description

Engine system with variable turbine effective flow area

technical field

The invention relates to a turbocharging system in the field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an engine system with variable effective flow area of the turbine.

Background technique

With the development of society and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the application of engine supercharging technology is becoming more and more extensive. Most of the engines with medium and high power adopt turbocharging technology to improve power and reduce fuel consumption. The two basic types of turbocharging systems are constant pressure supercharging system and pulse supercharging system. Constant-pressure supercharging system, each cylinder shares a large-volume exhaust pipe, the structure of the exhaust pipe system is relatively simple, the equivalent flow area of the turbine is relatively large, the pressure in the exhaust pipe is basically kept constant, and the pressure is only related to the load of the engine It is related to the rotational speed, and the supercharging systems of diesel engines with different cylinder numbers can be designed uniformly. The constant pressure supercharging system has less pumping loss, higher turbine efficiency and better performance under high-speed conditions; however, it cannot fully utilize the exhaust pulse energy under low-speed conditions. Pulse supercharging system, according to the firing sequence of each cylinder, connects two cylinders or three cylinders that do not interfere with the exhaust gas with the same exhaust pipe, the diameter of the exhaust pipe system is small, and the equivalent flow area of the turbine is also small , the exhaust pulse energy can be fully utilized, and the performance is better in low-speed and transient conditions; but in high-speed conditions, the pumping loss is relatively large. It can be seen that if the turbine equivalent flow area of an engine can change with the change of working conditions, the equivalent flow area of the turbine will be increased under high-speed conditions, and the equivalent flow area of the turbine will be reduced under low-speed conditions. ideal.

After searching the existing technical literature, it is found that Chinese patent number ZL200820226936.6, patent name: a compressor parallel supercharging device for a turbocharger, this patent technology provides a device with a variable compressor shell, It can better take into account the high and low speed conditions of the engine; but the change of its housing requires a set of special control mechanisms, which makes the structure of the booster system more complicated.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides an engine system with a variable turbine effective flow area, so that the supercharging system can be self-adjusted, and the high and low speed conditions of the engine can be better taken into account, and the structure is simple, and no special control mechanism.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: a first air intake pipe, a first compressor, an engine intake pipe, an engine, an engine exhaust pipe, a first turbine, a first air outlet pipe, and a first connecting shaft , volume cavity, volume cavity upper wall, volume cavity lower wall, volume cavity left wall, volume cavity right wall, volume cavity front wall, volume cavity rear wall, spring, first connecting pipe, second connecting pipe, third connecting pipe , the fourth connecting pipe, the fifth connecting pipe, the first through pipe, the second through pipe, the moving body, the second compressor, the second turbine, the second suction pipe, the second outlet pipe and the second connecting shaft, the first The air inlet and outlet of a compressor are respectively connected with the air outlet of the first suction pipe and the air inlet of the engine intake pipe, and the air inlet and outlet of the engine are respectively connected with the air outlet of the engine air inlet pipe and the air inlet of the engine exhaust pipe , the air inlet and outlet of the first turbine are respectively connected with the air outlet of the engine exhaust pipe and the air inlet of the first air outlet pipe, the first compressor is connected with the first turbine through the first connecting shaft, and the cross section of the volume chamber is The upper wall of the volume cavity, the lower wall of the volume cavity, the left wall of the volume cavity, the right wall of the volume cavity, the front wall of the volume cavity, and the rear wall of the volume cavity are fixed as a whole. The two ends of the first connecting pipe are respectively connected to the engine exhaust pipe, The lower wall of the volume chamber is connected, the two ends of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected with the engine intake pipe and the left wall of the volume chamber, the two ends of the third connecting pipe are respectively connected with the engine exhaust pipe and the left wall of the volume chamber, and the fourth The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected with the air outlet of the second compressor and the right wall of the volume chamber, and the two ends of the fifth connecting pipe are respectively connected with the air inlet of the second turbine and the right wall of the volume chamber. The air outlet of the pipe is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor, the air inlet of the second air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of the second turbine, and the second compressor is connected to the second turbine through the second connecting shaft, The mobile body is installed in the volume chamber and is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the volume chamber. The first through pipe and the second through pipe both run through the left and right walls of the mobile body, and the upper wall of the mobile body is connected to the upper wall of the volume chamber by a spring.

Further, in the present invention, the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe, the fourth connecting pipe, the fifth connecting pipe, the first penetrating pipe, and the second penetrating pipe are all circular pipes with equal cross-section and the same inner diameter, and the second connecting pipe The axis of the pipe coincides with the axis of the fourth connecting pipe, the axis of the third connecting pipe coincides with the axis of the fifth connecting pipe, the axis of the second connecting pipe, the axis of the third connecting pipe, the axis of the first through pipe, the axis of the second The axes running through the pipe are all on the same plane.

In the present invention, the moving body can move up and down in the volume cavity. When the engine is in a low-speed working condition, the pressure in the exhaust pipe of the engine is low, and the pressure in the volume cavity below the moving body is also low. Under the elastic action of the spring, the moving body moves downward, so that the second connecting pipe and the fourth The connecting pipes are separated, the third connecting pipe is separated from the fifth connecting pipe, only the first compressor and the first turbine are working in the whole booster system, the equivalent inlet area of the turbine is small, the pulse energy can be fully utilized, and the engine The higher the air intake pressure, the better the overall performance of the engine; when the engine is at high speed, the pressure in the exhaust pipe of the engine is higher, and the pressure in the volume cavity below the moving body is also higher, and the moving body moves upward and compresses the spring, thereby The second connecting pipe is connected with the fourth connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe is connected with the fifth connecting pipe, and the first compressor, the second compressor, the first turbine and the second turbine are all simultaneously In operation, the equivalent inlet area of the turbine is larger, the pumping loss of the engine is smaller, and the overall performance of the engine is better.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention is reasonable in design and simple in structure, can take into account the high and low rotational speed conditions of the engine, and can make the supercharging system not require a special control mechanism.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the engine system with variable turbine effective flow area of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of A-A section among Fig. 1;

Among them: 1. The first suction pipe, 2. The first compressor, 3. The engine intake pipe, 4. The engine, 5. The engine exhaust pipe, 6. The first turbine, 7. The first outlet pipe, 8. The first One connecting shaft, 9, volume cavity, 10, volume cavity upper wall, 11, volume cavity lower wall, 12, volume cavity left wall, 13, volume cavity right wall, 14, volume cavity front wall, 15, volume cavity rear wall , 16, spring, 17, the first connecting pipe, 18, the second connecting pipe, 19, the third connecting pipe, 20, the fourth connecting pipe, 21, the fifth connecting pipe, 22, the first through pipe, 23, the first connecting pipe Two through pipes, 24, moving body, 25, the second compressor, 26, the second turbine, 27, the second suction pipe, 28, the second air outlet pipe, 29, the second connecting shaft.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. .

Example

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention includes: a first air intake pipe 1, a first compressor 2, an engine intake pipe 3, an engine 4, an engine exhaust pipe 5, a first turbine 6, and a first air outlet pipe 7 , the first connecting shaft 8, the volume cavity 9, the volume cavity upper wall 10, the volume cavity lower wall 11, the volume cavity left wall 12, the volume cavity right wall 13, the volume cavity front wall 14, the volume cavity rear wall 15, the spring 16, First connecting pipe 17, second connecting pipe 18, third connecting pipe 19, fourth connecting pipe 20, fifth connecting pipe 21, first through pipe 22, second through pipe 23, moving body 24, second compressor 25. The second turbine 26, the second air intake pipe 27, the second air outlet pipe 28 and the second connecting shaft 29, the air inlet and outlet of the first compressor 2 are respectively connected with the air outlet of the first air intake pipe 1 and the engine air intake pipe 3 The air inlet of the engine 4 is connected with the air inlet of the engine intake pipe 3 and the air inlet of the engine exhaust pipe 5 respectively, and the air inlet and outlet of the first turbine 6 are connected with the outlet of the engine exhaust pipe 5 respectively. The gas port and the air inlet of the first air outlet pipe 7 are connected, the first compressor 2 is connected with the first turbine 6 through the first connecting shaft 8, the cross section of the volume chamber 9 is rectangular, the volume chamber upper wall surface 10, the volume chamber The lower wall surface 11, the left wall surface 12 of the volume chamber, the right wall surface 13 of the volume chamber, the front wall surface 14 of the volume chamber, and the rear wall surface 15 of the volume chamber are fixedly connected as one. The lower wall surface 11 is connected, the two ends of the second connecting pipe 18 are connected with the engine intake pipe 3 and the left wall surface 12 of the volume chamber respectively, and the two ends of the third connecting pipe 19 are connected with the engine exhaust pipe 5 and the left wall surface 12 of the volume chamber respectively. The two ends of the fourth connecting pipe 20 are respectively connected with the air outlet of the second compressor 25 and the right wall surface 13 of the volume chamber, and the two ends of the fifth connecting pipe 21 are respectively connected with the air inlet and volume of the second turbine 26. The chamber right wall surface 13 is connected, and the air outlet of the second suction pipe 27 is connected with the air inlet of the second compressor 25, and the air inlet of the second air outlet pipe 28 is connected with the air outlet of the second turbine 26. The second compressor 25 is connected with the second turbine 26 through the second connecting shaft 29, the moving body 24 is installed in the volume chamber 9 and is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the volume chamber 9, the first through pipe 22 and the second through pipe 23 are both Through the left and right walls of the moving body 24, the upper wall of the moving body 24 is connected to the upper wall surface 10 of the volume cavity through the spring 16, the second connecting pipe 18, the third connecting pipe 19, the fourth connecting pipe 20, and the fifth connecting pipe 21 , the first through-pipe 22 and the second through-pipe 23 are round pipes of equal cross-section and have the same inner diameter, the axis of the second connecting pipe 18 coincides with the axis of the fourth connecting pipe 20, the axis of the third connecting pipe 19 coincides with the axis of the fifth The axes of the connecting pipes 21 coincide, and the axes of the second connecting pipe 18 , the third connecting pipe 19 , the first through pipe 22 and the second through pipe 23 are all on the same plane.

In the present invention, the moving body 24 can move up and down in the volume cavity 9 . When the engine 4 was in a low-speed working condition, the pressure in the engine exhaust pipe 5 was low, and the pressure in the volume cavity below the moving body 24 was also low. Under the elastic action of the spring 16, the moving body 24 moved downward, so that the first The second connecting pipe 18 is separated from the fourth connecting pipe 20, the third connecting pipe 19 is separated from the fifth connecting pipe 21, and only the first compressor 2 and the first turbine 6 are working in the whole supercharging system, and the turbine equivalent The inlet area is small, the pulse energy can be fully utilized, the intake pressure of the engine 4 is relatively large, and the overall performance of the engine 4 is better; The pressure in the lower volume chamber is also relatively high, the moving body 24 moves upward and compresses the spring 16, so that the second connecting pipe 18 communicates with the fourth connecting pipe 20, the third connecting pipe 19 communicates with the fifth connecting pipe 21, In the entire supercharging system, the first compressor 2, the second compressor 25, the first turbine 6 and the second turbine 26 are all working at the same time, the equivalent inlet area of the turbine is relatively large, the pumping loss of the engine 4 is small, and the engine 4 The performance of the whole machine is better. Therefore, the present invention can better take into account the high and low rotational speed working conditions of the engine 4 .

Claims (2)

1. A variable engine system with a turbine effective flow area, comprising: the first air intake pipe (1), the first air compressor (2), the engine intake pipe (3), the engine (4), the engine exhaust pipe ( 5), the first turbine (6), the first outlet pipe (7) and the first connecting shaft (8), the inlet and outlet of the first compressor (2) are respectively connected to the outlet of the first suction pipe (1), The air inlet of the engine intake pipe (3) is connected, the air inlet and outlet of the engine (4) are respectively connected with the air outlet of the engine air intake pipe (3) and the air inlet of the engine exhaust pipe (5), and the first turbine ( 6) The air inlet and outlet are respectively connected with the air outlet of the engine exhaust pipe (5) and the air inlet of the first air outlet pipe (7), and the first compressor (2) and the first turbine (6) are connected through the first The shafts (8) are connected, and it is characterized in that it also includes a volume cavity (9), an upper wall of the volume cavity (10), a lower wall of the volume cavity (11), a left wall of the volume cavity (12), a right wall of the volume cavity (13), Volume chamber front wall (14), volume chamber rear wall (15), spring (16), first connecting pipe (17), second connecting pipe (18), third connecting pipe (19), fourth connecting pipe ( 20), the fifth connecting pipe (21), the first through pipe (22), the second through pipe (23), the moving body (24), the second compressor (25), the second turbine (26), the second The suction pipe (27), the second air outlet pipe (28) and the second connecting shaft (29), the cross section of the volume cavity (9) is rectangular, the volume cavity upper wall (10), the volume cavity lower wall (11), The left wall of the volume chamber (12), the right wall of the volume chamber (13), the front wall of the volume chamber (14), and the rear wall of the volume chamber (15) are fixed as one, and the two ends of the first connecting pipe (17) are respectively connected to the engine row The trachea (5) and the lower wall of the volume chamber (11) are connected, the two ends of the second connecting pipe (18) are respectively connected with the engine intake pipe (3) and the left wall of the volume chamber (12), and the third connecting pipe ( The two ends of 19) are respectively connected with the engine exhaust pipe (5) and the left wall of the volume chamber (12), and the two ends of the fourth connecting pipe (20) are respectively connected with the air outlet of the second compressor (25) and the volume chamber The right wall (13) is connected, the two ends of the fifth connecting pipe (21) are respectively connected with the air inlet of the second turbine (26) and the right wall (13) of the volume cavity, and the second suction pipe (27) The air outlet is connected with the air inlet of the second air compressor (25), the air inlet of the second air outlet pipe (28) is connected with the air outlet of the second turbine (26), and the second air compressor (25) is connected with the air inlet of the second air compressor (25). The two turbines (26) are connected through the second connecting shaft (29), the moving body (24) is installed in the volume chamber (9) and is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the volume chamber (9), the first through pipe (22), The second through pipes (23) both run through the left and right wall surfaces of the moving body (24), and the upper wall surface of the moving body (24) is connected with the upper wall surface (10) of the volume cavity through the spring (16). 2. The engine system with variable turbine effective flow area according to claim 1, characterized in that the second connecting pipe (18), the third connecting pipe (19), the fourth connecting pipe (20), the fifth The connecting pipe (21), the first penetrating pipe (22), and the second penetrating pipe (23) are all round pipes with equal cross-section and the same inner diameter. The axis of the second connecting pipe (18) is the same as that of the fourth connecting pipe (20). The axes coincide, the axis of the third connecting pipe (19) coincides with the axis of the fifth connecting pipe (21), the axis of the second connecting pipe (18), the axis of the third connecting pipe (19), the first through pipe (22 ) and the axis of the second through pipe (23) are on the same plane.

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