CN102803852A - Method for supplying combustion air in vertical waste incinerator, and vertical waste incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for supplying combustion air in a vertical waste incinerator, wherein, during an incineration treatment in a vertical waste incinerator (1), the supply quantity of combustion air (a) is controlled so as to be 0.2 to 0.8 times of the theoretical amount of air necessary to completely burn waste substances (R) in a deposition layer, and the combustion air (a) is supplied so that the amount of oxygen in the combustion air (a) is reduced from the lower portion to the upper portion of the deposit layer.

Description

Combustion air supply method of vertical garbage incinerator and vertical garbage incinerator

technical field

The present invention relates to a method of sequentially throwing waste into a vertical furnace, burning the waste while supplying combustion air to the deposition layer formed by the waste thrown into the furnace, and sequentially discharging the incineration ash after burning. A method of supplying combustion air for a vertical waste incinerator that discharges from the bottom of the furnace to the outside of the furnace to incinerate waste, and a vertical waste incinerator.

Background technique

Waste such as industrial waste and general waste has various forms such as solid, liquid, or viscous, and is mixed with combustible, non-combustible, and non-combustible materials, so the nature of garbage varies greatly. In particular, the industrial waste of the medical system contains not only easily meltable glass and high-heat plastic disposable containers, but also a large amount of waste with high water content such as disposable diapers. Moreover, since sharp objects such as injection needles and infectious waste need to be disposed of in a prescribed packaging state, it is difficult to implement pre-processing that homogenizes the nature of waste by stirring or the like.

It is difficult to maintain a stable combustion state when incinerating waste whose properties vary greatly. In addition, since a local temperature rise easily occurs due to combustion of combustible materials with high calorific value, melted non-combustible materials adhere to the furnace wall to form clinkers. Therefore, there arises a problem that the enlarged burnt matter becomes an obstacle at the time of incineration and discharge of incineration ash.

The incineration treatment of these wastes with large changes in the nature of the garbage generally uses a rotary kiln type, an inclined rotary furnace type, or a horizontal rotary furnace type with a stirring device, etc., and uses the method of burning the waste while rotating or stirring it. incinerator. However, in these methods, since the deposit thickness of the waste in the furnace is thin, only the combustibles such as paper and plastics are burned first, and the non-combustibles are left, that is, the situation of uneven combustion is prone to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a patio to prevent the life of the refractory from being shortened, and to expand the hearth area to ensure the burning time of the refractory. Thus, there arises a problem that the installation area increases.

Therefore, recently developed a vertical furnace for incineration by depositing waste thickly in the lower part of the vertical furnace, burning the deposited waste, and burning the gas generated by the combustion in the upper part of the furnace. Garbage incinerator (for example, refer to the following patent documents 1 and 2).

That is, the conventional vertical waste incinerators shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 reduce the installation area by adopting a vertical furnace body, and ensure waste disposal by depositing waste thickly in the lower part of the vertical furnace. The incineration method used in the incineration treatment is to make the deposited waste form a "conditioning layer", "combustion layer" and "ash layer" from the top, and control the combustion state while using The deposited waste is burned, and the gaseous combustible substances generated by the combustion are reburned in the upper part of the furnace.

Here, the "conditioning layer" is mainly a layer that dries the waste that is put in and makes the properties of the garbage uniform; the "burning layer" is a layer that ensures sufficient combustion time to burn the waste; The "ash layer" is a layer in which burnt incineration ash is deposited simultaneously with remaining unburned matter.

However, in the existing vertical garbage incinerators shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, when waste is thrown in, most of the combustibles contained in the thrown in waste are burned at one go in the tempered layer, making the furnace When the internal temperature rises instantaneously and the combustion state becomes unstable.

In addition, if most combustibles are burned in the conditioning layer, the content of combustibles with high calorific value in the waste entering the combustion layer will decrease, and at the same time, the proportion of non-combustibles will increase relatively. This causes the heat of combustion in the combustion layer to decrease and the ignition loss of the incineration ash to increase.

[Patent Document 1]: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-158110

[Patent Document 2]: Japanese Publication No. 5-31383

Contents of the invention

The present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and its purpose is to provide a method of supplying combustion air for a new type of vertical waste incinerator and a vertical waste incinerator that can maintain a stable combustion state and is expected to reduce ignition losses. Incinerator.

The method for supplying combustion air to the vertical waste incinerator of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the method of the present invention") is to sequentially put waste into the vertical furnace, Combustion air supply for the vertical waste incinerator that incinerates the waste by discharging the burnt incineration ash from the bottom of the furnace to the outside of the furnace while supplying combustion air to the formed deposit layer. method.

That is, the method of the present invention is an invention aimed at an incinerator based on the technical concept of depositing waste in the lower part of the furnace and performing incineration while supplying combustion air to the deposit layer formed by the deposited waste. Other additional structures are not particularly limited as long as it is an incinerator based on this technical idea.

And, in the method of the present invention, the biggest feature is that in the incineration process, the supply rate of the combustion air is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.8 times of the theoretical air amount necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposit layer, and oxygen Combustion air is supplied so as to gradually decrease from the lower part to the upper part of the deposition layer.

Here, the "theoretical air volume" refers to the air volume required to completely combust the combustion target.

In general incinerators, the amount of combustion air supplied is determined in accordance with the amount of waste that is put into the furnace per unit time and the calorific value. It should be more than the theoretical air volume to allow a margin. However, if more than necessary air is supplied, the temperature inside the furnace will drop. Therefore, general incinerators usually supply combustion air about 1.1 to 1.4 times the theoretical air volume.

In addition, in the existing vertical garbage incinerators, many of the wastes deposited in the lower part of the furnace are burned, and the gaseous combustible substances produced by the combustion are reburned in the upper part of the furnace. The amount of combustion air supplied by the deposition layer formed by the waste is generally about 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount.

However, in the case of using a vertical garbage incinerator to incinerate waste mixed with combustible and non-combustible materials, if the combustion air of about 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air volume is supplied to the sediment layer, then Owing to sufficient oxygen remaining in the upper part of the sediment layer, when the waste is thrown in, the combustibles in the thrown in waste may burn at once, making the combustion state unstable.

Then, in order to maintain the stable combustion state of such a vertical waste incinerator, the inventors of the present invention obtained the following findings through repeated studies. That is, in the incineration process, if the supply of combustion air is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical amount of air necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposit layer, and the oxygen is gradually increased from the bottom to the top of the deposit layer, If the supply of air for combustion is reduced, the unburned substances existing in the incineration ash (ash layer) at the bottom of the furnace in the sediment layer during the incineration process, and the incineration substances existing on the incineration ash The waste in the layer (combustion layer) depletes the oxygen in the deposition layer by oxy-combustion, so that thermal decomposition of the waste at high temperature in a substantially oxygen-free state with almost no oxygen supply occurs on the combustion layer (reduction) is accelerated carbonization layer (reduction layer).

In addition, it has also been found that, if a carbonized layer in a substantially oxygen-free state is formed on the combustion layer in the deposit layer, it is possible to suppress the formation of combustible substances in the layer above the carbonized layer (tempered layer). When the gas is burned, the temperature rises instantaneously, so that the combustion state is very stable.

In addition, it was also found that in the tempered layer, combustibles with high calorific value are not combusted, but most of them are contained in the waste directly from the tempered layer to the carbonized layer, and from the carbonized layer to the combustion layer. layer, so the heat of combustion in the combustion layer can be maintained.

In addition, it was also found that the carbonized layer was heated to a high temperature state due to the heat generated by the combustion layer, so that in the carbonized layer, the waste was left in the air in a state of insufficient oxygen for a relatively long period of time. Combustion is suppressed at a high temperature, so the refractory substances in the waste can be fully thermally decomposed. As a result, the homogeneous incineration treatment of the waste is promoted, and the heat of combustion in the combustion layer is maintained, and the final incineration ash discharged The residual amount of unburned matter in the slag is very small, and the ignition loss can be greatly reduced.

In addition, if the supply amount of combustion air is less than 0.2 times the theoretical air amount necessary for the complete combustion of waste in the sediment layer, the combustion air is too little, resulting in insufficient formation of the combustion layer in the sediment layer. Conversely, if the supply amount of combustion air exceeds 0.8 times the theoretical amount of air necessary for complete combustion of waste in the deposit layer, the combustion air is too much, resulting in insufficient formation of the carbonized layer in the deposit layer. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, the supply amount of combustion air is set within a range of 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount necessary for complete combustion of the waste in the deposit layer. In addition, the supply amount of combustion air is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 0.7 times the theoretical air amount, more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.6 times.

In addition, in the conventional vertical garbage incinerator, in order to supply combustion air to the sediment layer, a plurality of nozzles for supplying air are arranged along the vertical direction of the furnace wall to supply combustion air from multiple locations.

However, in the method of the present invention, since it is necessary to gradually decrease the oxygen concentration from the lower part to the upper part of the deposit layer formed by the waste thrown into the furnace, it is necessary to actively form an oxygen-free state on the combustion layer in the deposit layer. Carbonized layer, so it is not desirable to supply more combustion air to the middle to upper part of the deposited layer.

That is, in the incineration process, if the combustion air supplied to the deposition layer is only 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposition layer, it is difficult to form on the combustion layer in the deposition layer. stable carbonized layer.

In this regard, the method of the present invention is in the incineration treatment, on the basis of 0.2～0.8 times of the theoretical air quantity necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposit layer, the supply rate of the combustion air is controlled to make the oxygen flow from the Since the combustion air is supplied such that the lower portion of the deposition layer gradually decreases toward the upper portion, a carbonized layer in a substantially oxygen-free state can be stably formed on the combustion layer in the deposition layer.

In order to supply the combustion air in such a way that the oxygen in the combustion air gradually decreases from the bottom to the top of the deposition layer, it is necessary to supply the vast majority of the total amount of combustion air supplied to the deposition layer from the bottom of the deposition layer (preferably supplied from the bottom). More specifically, it is desirable that more than 60% of the total amount of combustion air supplied to the deposition layer is supplied from the lower part of the deposition layer; more preferably, more than 70% of the total amount is supplied from the bottom of the deposition layer. Supply from the lower part; it is further desirable to supply more than 90% of the total amount from the lower part of the deposition layer.

In other words, in the method of the present invention, it is preferable to supply almost all of the combustion air supplied to the deposited layer from the lower part of the deposited layer, and therefore, in the method of the present invention, it is preferable to supply the combustion air only from the lower part of the deposited layer.

Next, the vertical waste incinerator of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the incinerator of the present invention") will be described. Here, in order to avoid repetition, the description of the same contents as those of the above-mentioned method of the present invention in the incinerator of the present invention will be omitted here.

In the incinerator of the present invention, wastes are sequentially charged into the vertical furnace, and the wastes are burned while supplying combustion air to the sediment layer formed by the wastes thrown into the furnace, and the incineration ash after the combustion is completed A vertical garbage incinerator that incinerates wastes by sequentially discharging them out of the furnace from the incineration ash discharge plate arranged at the bottom of the furnace. The vertical garbage incinerator is characterized in that: on the incineration ash discharge plate , there are a plurality of air ports for supplying combustion air from the bottom of the deposition layer, during the incineration process, the combustion air is supplied from the air ports, and the supply amount of the combustion air is controlled to be in the deposition layer A control mechanism that is 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air volume necessary for the complete combustion of waste.

In addition, the air ports provided on the incineration ash discharge plate may be arranged not only at one location but at multiple locations.

The effect of the invention:

The method of the present invention and the incinerator of the present invention having the above structure can maintain the stable combustion state of the vertical waste incinerator, and it is expected to reduce the ignition loss.

In other words, in the incineration process of the method of the present invention and the incinerator of the present invention, since the supply of combustion air is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposition layer On the other hand, the combustion air is supplied in such a way that oxygen is gradually reduced from the lower part of the deposit layer to the upper part, so a carbonized layer in an oxygen-free state can be formed in the deposited layer treated by incineration, and the carbonized layer due to the presence of carbonized layer can be suppressed. The instantaneous temperature rise caused by the combustible combustion of the combustibles in the tempering layer makes the combustion state very stable.

In addition, because the combustibles with high calorific value are not combusted in the conditioning layer, but most of them are contained in the waste, they directly enter the carbonization layer from the conditioning layer and enter the combustion layer from the carbonization layer, so it can Maintain the heat of combustion in the combustion layer.

Furthermore, the carbonized layer is heated to a high temperature state by the heat generated by the combustion layer. Therefore, in this carbonized layer, in the state where the waste contains combustibles with a high calorific value, it is aired at a high temperature for a long time in a state of insufficient oxygen to suppress combustion, so the flame retardant in the waste The substance can be fully decomposed by heat. As a result, the homogeneous incineration treatment of waste can be promoted, and the heat of combustion in the combustion layer is maintained, so that the residual amount of unburned matter in the finally discharged incineration ash is very small, and the ignition loss is greatly reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a vertical waste incinerator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing an incineration ash discharge plate in the vertical refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

3( a ) to ( f ) are explanatory diagrams illustrating the combustion state of the deposit layer in the vertical waste incinerator when the supply amount of combustion air is 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount.

4( a ) to ( f ) are explanatory diagrams illustrating the combustion state of the deposit layer in the vertical waste incinerator when the supply amount of combustion air is 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount.

<Description of Reference Signs>

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a vertical waste incinerator. In FIG. 1 , a vertical garbage incinerator 1 includes an incinerator body 2 composed of a cylindrical portion 21 and a funnel portion 22 connected to the lower portion thereof, and an incineration ash discharge mechanism 3 disposed at the bottom of the incinerator body 2 . In addition, in this vertical refuse incinerator 1 , a recombustion chamber 5 disposed on the upper portion of the incinerator main body 2 is provided with the exhaust gas mixing device 4 interposed therebetween.

The incinerator main body 2 is composed of a steel shell (not shown) forming its outer shell, an inner upper refractory 23 (arranged in the cylindrical part 21 ) and a lower refractory 24 (arranged in the funnel part 22 ). An inlet 6 for injecting waste R into the furnace is provided on a side surface of the incinerator main body 2, and the inlet 6 has a sealing mechanism such as a double damper. In addition, a plurality of post-combustion air ports 25 for re-combusting gaseous combustible substances e generated by combustion of the deposited layer are disposed on the side surface of the incinerator main body 2 . The secondary combustion air b at normal temperature can be supplied into the cylindrical portion 21 from the secondary combustion air port 25 by the forced blower 26 .

The funnel portion 22 for depositing the thrown waste R is narrowed and formed into a funnel shape. A water-cooling jacket 8 is provided on the entire outer periphery of the lower refractory 24 disposed on the funnel portion 22 , and the water-cooling jacket 8 cools the lower refractory 24 by cooling water passing through the inside. The waste R thrown into the furnace forms a deposit layer in the funnel portion 22 .

The incineration ash discharge mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the funnel part 22, and is composed of a pair of oppositely stretched out and concealed garbage supporting devices 31 arranged on the top, an incineration ash discharge plate 32 arranged below to open and close freely, and ash The slag unloading device 33 and the drive mechanism of these devices which are not shown are comprised.

Normally, the refuse supporting device 31 is located in a state where it is hidden from the inside of the incinerator main body 2 . The garbage supporting device 31 protrudes into the incinerator main body 2 (as shown by the dotted line in the figure) when discharging the incineration ash A that has been incinerated, so as to support the load of the sedimentary layer above the garbage supporting device 31 . The incineration ash A located below the garbage support device 31 is discharged to the ash delivery device arranged below the incineration ash discharge mechanism 3 due to the rotation of the incineration ash discharge plate 32 (as shown by the dotted line in the figure). 33 in.

As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of air ports 28 (28a, 28b) are pierced radially in the incineration ash discharge plate 32. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, when the air openings 28 are radially pierced on the incineration ash discharge plate 32, a plurality of air openings 28a with a diameter of about 35-45mm are arranged near the center; The air port 27a is 25-35 mm. That is, by disposing the air port 28a having a relatively large diameter near the center of the incineration ash discharge plate 32, a large amount of combustion air a can be supplied near the center of the bottom of the deposit layer.

Combustion air a sent from the combustion air supply pipe 7 is supplied to the deposition layer through the air port 28 . The combustion air a is supplied from the forced air blower 27 and heated in the high-temperature air preheater 52 provided in the recombustion chamber 5 . The combustion air supply pipe 7 has a flow meter F for monitoring the flow rate of the combustion air a in the pipe, and an on-off valve (damper) D for changing the supply amount of the combustion air a. The supply amount of the combustion air a in the present embodiment is controlled so that the on-off valve D is opened when the deposit thickness of the deposition layer becomes thicker and the delivery load of the combustion air a increases, and the flow rate decreases. increase the supply of combustion air a; on the contrary, when the deposition thickness of waste R becomes thinner and the transport load of combustion air a becomes smaller, and the flow rate increases, the on-off valve D is closed down. In order to reduce the supply amount of combustion air a.

The high-temperature gaseous combustible substance e generated by the combustion of the deposited layer is changed by the heating of the burner 50 for secondary combustion and the normal temperature secondary combustion air b supplied from the air port 25 for secondary combustion. into combustion gas w. The combustion gas w enters the recombustion chamber 5 through the exhaust gas mixing device 4, and is heated by the recombustion burner 51 to become a complete combustion of unreacted gas and/or floating carbon particles and organic compounds such as dioxins. Recombustion gas r after thermal decomposition and combustion. Thereafter, the reburned gas r is sent to a processing facility outside the furnace.

Next, the combustion state of the deposited layer deposited on the lower part of the furnace in the vertical waste incinerator 1 configured in this way will be described.

<Combustion state when the supply amount of combustion air a is 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount>

When the operation is started, the waste R thrown into the incinerator main body 2 from the input port 6 is deposited on the remaining ash layer z at the bottom of the funnel portion 22 to form a tempered layer u, thereby forming an initial deposition layer ( Refer to Figure 3(a)). In the initial deposition layer, the waste R in the conditioning layer u is dried due to contact with the high-temperature combustion air a rising through the ash layer z, and burns from combustibles while consuming oxygen, and The ignition and flame retardants are kept together to form a combustion layer y (refer to FIG. 3(b)).

Here, when the supply amount of the combustion air a is 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount, since oxygen is sufficiently supplied up to the upper part of the deposition layer, the combustion layer y is gradually adjusted while consuming oxygen. The upper extension of the stratum u. In addition, the incineration ash A that has been burned in the combustion layer y is deposited on the ash layer z (see Figure 3(c). The curve on the right side of the figure shows that the oxygen is gradually consumed by combustion from the lower part of the deposition layer to the upper part. state (residual _O2 amount)).

After a certain amount of incineration ash A is deposited on the ash layer z, the garbage support device 31 and the incineration ash discharge plate 32 are sequentially operated, so that the incineration ash A located under the garbage support device 31 falls to the ash. The slag is transported out of the device 33 (referring to Fig. 3(d)).

After the incineration ash A is discharged, the incineration ash discharge plate 32 is reset to its original position, and the garbage supporting device 31 is moved out of the incinerator main body 2 . Thus, located in the garbage support device 3

The remaining ash layer z, combustion layer y, and tempered layer u on the upper part of 1 fall sequentially onto the incineration ash discharge plate 32 (see FIG. 3( e )).

The air permeability of the ash layer z, the combustion layer y, and the tempered layer u is improved by the impact at the time of the drop. In addition, since the slag of the incineration residue in the combustion layer y and the tempered layer u collapses, air can pass into the inside of the slag. Therefore, it is possible to promote further combustion by the remaining fire.

Thereafter, when the waste R is sequentially injected from the input port 6 in the same manner, the input waste R forms a new conditioning layer u. Then, the lower part of the tempered layer u starts to burn by the heat of the combustion layer y and the combustion air a, and a new combustion layer y is formed. The burnt incineration ash A is deposited on the ash layer z (see FIG. 3( f )).

That is, in the incineration process, when the supply amount of the combustion air a supplied to the deposit layer is 0.8 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount, in the deposit layer, the position moves according to its combustion state, forming " Quenched and tempered layer u", "combustion layer y" and "ash slag layer z" become the steady state.

However, in this steady state, since the conditioning layer u is adjacent to the combustion layer y, and oxygen is sufficiently supplied up to the upper part of the deposition layer, when the waste R is thrown in, the thermal conditioning layer u may easily The phenomenon that the fuel burns instantly, and the combustion state becomes unstable.

<Combustion state when the supply amount of combustion air a is 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount>

During the start of work, the waste R thrown into the incinerator main body 2 from the inlet 6 is deposited on the remaining ash layer z on the bottom of the funnel portion 22 to form a tempered layer u, thereby forming an initial deposition layer. (Refer to FIG. 4(a)). In the initial deposition layer, the waste R in the conditioning layer u is dried due to contact with the high-temperature combustion air a rising through the ash layer z, and burns from combustibles while consuming oxygen, and The ignition and flame retardants are kept together to form a combustion layer y (refer to FIG. 4(b)).

Here, when the supply amount of the combustion air a is 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount, the combustion layer y gradually spreads toward the tempered layer u, but the expansion of the combustion layer y follows the combustion air a Stagnated due to the depletion of oxygen in the Once the expansion of the combustion layer y stagnates, the tempered layer u on the combustion layer y is heated by the combustion layer y in a state where there is almost no oxygen. Therefore, at a high temperature substantially without oxygen, the heat of the waste R Decomposition is accelerated to form a carbonized layer c. In addition, the incineration ash A that has been burned in the combustion layer y is gradually deposited in the ash layer z (see FIG. 4( c )). The curve on the right side of the figure shows the state in which oxygen is gradually consumed due to combustion from the bottom to the top of the deposition layer (residual O ₂ amount)).

After a certain amount or more of the incineration ash A is deposited on the ash layer z, the garbage support device 31 and the incineration ash discharge plate 32 are sequentially operated so that the incineration ash A located below the garbage support device 31 falls to the bottom of the ash layer z. The ash is transported out of the device 33 (refer to FIG. 4( d )).

After the incineration ash A is discharged, the incineration ash discharge plate 32 is reset to its original position, and the garbage supporting device 31 is moved out of the incinerator main body 2 . Thus, located in the garbage support device 3

The remaining ash layer z, combustion layer y, carbonization layer c, and tempered layer u on the upper part of 1 fall onto the incineration ash discharge plate 32 in sequence (see FIG. 4( e )).

The air permeability of the ash layer z, the combustion layer y, the carbonized layer c, and the tempered layer u is improved by the impact of the drop. In addition, since the slag of the incineration residue in the combustion layer y, the carbonization layer c, and the tempered layer u collapses, air flows into the inside of the slag. Therefore, it is possible to promote further combustion by the remaining fire.

Thereafter, when the waste R is sequentially injected from the input port 6 in the same manner, the input waste R forms a new conditioning layer u. Then, the carbonized layer c supplied with oxygen from the combustion air a by falling starts to burn, and a new burnt layer y is formed. In addition, the lower portion of the tempered layer u with insufficient oxygen is formed as a new carbide layer c. The incineration ash A that has been burned is gradually deposited on the ash layer z (see FIG. 4( f )).

That is, in the incineration process, when the supply amount of the combustion air a supplied to the deposit layer is 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount, in the deposit layer, the position moves according to its combustion state, forming a "Tempered layer u", "carbonized layer c", "combustion layer y" and "ash layer z" become steady states.

Then, in the deposition layer, as soon as the carbonized layer c, which is substantially oxygen-free, is formed between the tempered layer u and the combustion layer y, it can prevent the combustibles in the tempered layer u from burning at once, thereby burning The condition is very stable.

In addition, the combustibles in the tempered layer u are not combusted at once, but mostly contained in the waste R, directly enter the carbonized layer c from the tempered layer u, and enter the combustion layer y from the carbonized layer c. Thus, the combustion heat in the combustion layer y can be maintained.

Further, in the carbonized layer c, for a long period of time, the waste R containing combustibles with high calorific value is aired at a high temperature in a state of insufficient oxygen to suppress combustion, so the difficult The fuel is fully decomposed by heat. As a result, the homogeneous combustion treatment of the waste R is promoted, and the heat of combustion in the combustion layer y is maintained, so that the residual amount of unburned matter in the finally discharged incineration ash A is very small, and the ignition loss is very small. Low.

Claims (3)

1. A method for supplying combustion air of a vertical waste incinerator, which is to sequentially put waste into the vertical furnace, and supply combustion air to the deposit layer formed by the waste thrown into the furnace while making the waste The combustion air supply method of the vertical waste incinerator that burns waste and discharges the burnt incineration ash from the bottom of the furnace to the outside of the furnace in sequence, which is characterized in that: In the incineration process, the supply of combustion air is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air volume necessary for the complete combustion of the waste in the deposit layer; and the oxygen in the combustion air flows from the lower part of the deposit layer to Combustion air is supplied so that the upper portion gradually decreases. 2. The method for supplying combustion air to the vertical refuse incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the combustion air is supplied only from the lower part of the deposit layer. 3. A vertical garbage incinerator, which is to sequentially put waste into the vertical furnace, supply combustion air to the deposition layer formed by the waste thrown into the furnace while burning the waste, and complete the combustion. The incineration ash is discharged from the incineration ash discharge plate arranged at the bottom of the furnace to the outside of the furnace in order to incinerate the waste. The vertical garbage incinerator is characterized in that: On said incineration ash discharge plate, there are provided a plurality of air ports for supplying combustion air from the bottom of the deposit layer, In the incineration process, combustion air is supplied from the air port, In addition, the vertical waste incinerator is equipped with a control mechanism that controls the supply amount of combustion air to be 0.2 to 0.8 times the theoretical air amount necessary for complete combustion of waste in the deposit layer.

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