CN102793121B - Processing method of light-color air-dried green string bean slices and salted products thereof - Google Patents

Processing method of light-color air-dried green string bean slices and salted products thereof Download PDF

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CN102793121B
CN102793121B CN2012103107961A CN201210310796A CN102793121B CN 102793121 B CN102793121 B CN 102793121B CN 2012103107961 A CN2012103107961 A CN 2012103107961A CN 201210310796 A CN201210310796 A CN 201210310796A CN 102793121 B CN102793121 B CN 102793121B
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bean sheet
sword bean
green string
dried green
altar
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CN102793121A (en
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谭兴和
张喻
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Hunan Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method of light-color air-dried green string bean slices and salted products thereof. The light-color air-dried green string bean slices are prepared through the steps of: selecting fresh green string beans which grow sufficiently but of which the seeds do not expand yet and cutting into slices; blanching in hot water; rinsing; whitening under natural sunshine; and drying. The salted green string bean slices are prepared by uniformly mixing and hermetically fermenting the prepared light-color air-dried green string bean slices and auxiliary materials such as chopped fresh chili. The air-dried green string bean slices and the salted green string bean slices produced by the processing method do not become brown, are transparent and glossy and can keep good natural color; and since no chemical additives are added during processing, the safety of the foods is guaranteed, and the requirements of annual production on the raw materials can be met.

Description

The processing method of a kind of light air-dried green string bean sheet and curing food thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to food processing field, the processing method of espespecially a kind of light air-dried green string bean sheet and curing food (pickling the sword bean sheet) thereof.
Background technology
Sword bean is extensively a kind of Specialty vegetable of plantation of China.Sword bean has a kind of unacceptable peculiar smell through after the general simple culinary art when edible.Therefore, among the people generally all with sword bean through drying and pickle after edible.After this product is pickled, nutritious, unique flavor, quality is tender crisp, has orectic effect, so be well received by consumers.Yet although this processing method spreads for a long time, product also is received by the market, because to the difference of process technology Grasping level, therefore also there are many problems in huge numbers of families aspect food quality:
The first, the product brown stain is serious, and color differs, and organoleptic quality is bad.Traditional diamond-making technique generally is after first sword bean being cut into slices, directly to dry or dry and make dried product, and then utilizes dried product to add the batching fermentation and make curing food.The rear batching of adding of fresh sword bean section of then directly utilizing that has is pickled into curing food.The dried product that so processes and curing food all show the serious problem of brown stain, have in addition for black, and shade is also inhomogeneous.Can't in consumer mind, form stable, fine outward appearance impression, make it be difficult to be accepted by market, therefore restrict the development of sword bean industry.
The second, can't produce in the realization anniversary.Traditional diamond-making technique can only carry out when fresh feed goes on the market, and generally is that then suitably airing pickles again with after raw material cleaning, the cutting.But because the sword bean raw material is seasonal strong, the supply phase is short, therefore can not satisfy the demand of anniversary production tool setting bean material.
Therefore, be necessary traditional diamond-making technique is transformed, to realize suitability for industrialized production; Be necessary to carry out the research of raw material preservation technology, improve material quality, to satisfy processing enterprise to the anniversary demand of high-quality raw material.Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of light air-dried green string bean sheet of suitable suitability for industrialized production and the processing method of curing food thereof are provided, the product quality that the method is produced is tender and crisp, unique flavor, be well received by consumers product of light color or be the natural color of auxiliary material.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of processing method of light air-dried green string bean sheet, the method comprises the steps:
A, select: choose and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, tear the old muscle of both sides off;
B, cutting: the thin slice that sword bean is cut into 2~3 millimeters thick;
C, blanching, rinsing, albefaction and drying: with sword bean sheet blanching 1~2 minute, to sword bean just well-done (presenting transparence); To put into cooling in the cooling water of normal temperature, rinsing to 38~42 ℃ through the sword bean sheet of blanching again, then the sword bean sheet is taken out, the open fire that drains the surface is placed on airing under the natural sunlight, until the albefaction of sword bean sheet, and be dried to constant weight, shine in the process processed and will often stir the sword bean sheet;
D, spreading for cooling: place cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature the sword bean sheet that dries, get final product.
Blanching among the above-mentioned steps C referred to: with blanching in the hot water of 90~100 ℃ of sword bean sheet inputs 1~2 minute; Or use vapours with sword bean sheet blanching 1~2 minute.
The processing method of above-mentioned light air-dried green string bean sheet comprises the steps:
A, select: choose and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, tear the old muscle of both sides off;
B, cutting: the thin slice that sword bean is cut into 2~3 millimeters thick;
C, blanching, rinsing, albefaction and drying: the sword bean sheet that segments is clean with the clear water rinsing, drain surface moisture, then the sword bean sheet is placed in the solar energy drying facility and expose to sunlight, when treating that temperature is elevated to 60~90 ℃ in the facility, be incubated 10~30 minutes, then the sword bean sheet stirred once, be warmed up to again 60~90 ℃, be incubated 10~30 minutes, the sword bean sheet is directly dried in the sun to constant weight;
D, spreading for cooling: place cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature the sword bean sheet that dries, get final product.
Solar energy drying facility among the above-mentioned steps C refers to interlayer plastic sheeting, the large account of plastics, plastic green house or glasshouse.Use the method for operating of interlayer plastic sheeting as follows: at bright day gas, select sunny, dry, health, smooth place, used for packing foods plastic sheeting on ground paving is sprinkling upon frosting equably with the sword bean sheet, and thickness is no more than 1 centimetre.Then cover the used for packing foods plastic sheeting.Compress a little on the plastic edge edge with materials such as branch or stones.The sword bean sheet is exposed to sunlight in plastic sandwich, and temperature rises rapidly, when treating that temperature is elevated to 60~90 ℃, is incubated 10~30 minutes.Then open topmost thin film, the sword bean sheet is stirred once.When being warmed up to as stated above 60~90 ℃ again, be incubated 10~30 minutes.Open at last topmost thin film, the sword bean sheet is directly dried in the sun to constant weight (shine and can stir when processed for several times, to accelerate albefaction and rate of drying).When using the large account of plastics, plastic green house or glasshouse to carry out blanching, albefaction and drying, at bright day gas, select sunny, dry, health, smooth place, in large account or greenhouse, place first and shine pad, again the sword bean sheet that segments is laid in and shines on the pad, large account (or greenhouse) is closed, when sunlight raises the temperature to 60~90 ℃, be incubated 10~30 minutes.Then open the door in large account or greenhouse, make it ventilating convection, treat that temperature is reduced to when being convenient to personnel operation, the sword bean sheet is stirred once, close again large account (or greenhouse), when raising the temperature to 60~90 ℃, be incubated 10~30 minutes.Then open large account (or greenhouse) and continue to shine till the constant weight, note often stirring the sword bean sheet during shining system, make its albefaction, uniform drying.
The above-mentioned available packaging for foodstuff bag hermetic package of light air-dried green string bean sheet that makes, and it is for subsequent use to be that 4~10 ℃, air humidity are lower than in 60% the freezer preservation in temperature, also seal-packed sword bean sheet directly can be housed in preservation, for subsequent use in cool place, the dry room temperature storage storehouse.
The present invention also provides a kind of sword bean sheet of pickling, this pickles the sword bean sheet is to get by weight percentage above-mentioned light air-dried green string bean sheet 70%~80%, the bright red hot pepper 15%~25% that minces, salt 3%~10%, liquor 0.5%~1%, and monosodium glutamate 0.1%~0.5% mixing, and sealing and fermenting formed in 8~12 days.
Above-mentioned processing method of pickling the sword bean sheet, specific as follows:
A, batching: get by weight percentage light air-dried green string bean sheet 70%~80%, the fresh chilli 15%~25% that minces, salt 3%~10%, liquor 0.5%~1%, and monosodium glutamate 0.1%~0.5%, with light air-dried green string bean sheet, the fresh chilli that minces, 95% salt, liquor, and monosodium glutamate mixing;
B, dress altar: the material that mixes is packed in the altar, pack on one side, compression on one side until from 1~2 centimetre in altar mouth, is added 5% salt of remainder as capping salt;
C, seal: cover the altar lid, and seal along adding edible oil or clear water at altar, then on the altar lid, cover plastics, prevent that dust from falling into the altar edge;
D, fermentation: jar is placed on health, shady and cool place, carries out pickled fermentedly, reach 3.5~4.5 to pH, and get final product.
The above-mentioned bright red hot pepper that minces of mentioning be select water content low, clean, dry without disease and pest, kind fresh chilli identical, solid colour after, mince, be used for the above-mentioned operation of pickling.
Operation principle of the present invention:
The one, utilize the blanching enzyme that goes out, to suppress enzymatic browning.The polyphenols and the polyphenol oxidase that contain easy generation enzymatic browning in the sword bean are processed by blanching, but the activity of destructive enzyme, to suppress enzymatic browning.
The 2nd, utilize rinsing to remove brown stain matrix, to suppress non-enzymatic browning.Sword bean sheet after the blanching by the clear water rinsing, is removed the non-enzymatic browning matrix such as surperficial reduced sugar and amino acid, to suppress non-enzymatic browning.
The 3rd, utilize solar radiation to make the albefaction of sword bean sheet, drying.Utilize chlorophyll to issue the third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse, thermal response and the principle that bleaches makes the air-dried green string bean sheet of white in the irradiation of sunlight.Simultaneously, utilize solar energy heating, the moisture of sword bean sheet is evaporated and drying.
The 4th, utilize the preservation principle of air-dried green string bean sheet low moisture activity.Fresh sword bean was purchased in the period of concentrating listing, and sword bean is cut into slices and blanching, then utilize solar energy albefaction, drying.The moisture of sword bean is controlled under the safe moisture, reducing its water activity, and then with the airtight preservation of air-dried green string bean sheet.So can make the long-term preservation of air-dried green string bean sheet, to satisfy the needs of pickling sword bean sheet anniversary production tool setting bean material.
The 5th, anaerobic fermentation, auxiliary material (fresh chilli) dyeing theory.Will be through the sword bean sheet of drying dehydration with after the auxiliary materials such as fresh chilli mix in proportion, enter altar, compress, fill, add a cover, sealing, anaerobic fermentation, so that material can normally carry out lactic fermentation in anaerobic environment, can realize long-term preservation again, can also make the sword bean sheet catch the redness of the auxiliary material natures such as capsicum.
The product of the inventive method processing and the product of traditional diamond-making technique production relatively see the following form 1,
The product comparison sheet that the product of table 1 the inventive method processing and traditional diamond-making technique are produced
Figure GDA00003386409400051
As seen from the above table, the dehydration light color sword bean sheet that processing method of the present invention is produced and pickle the sword bean sheet all without brown stain, transparent, glossy, and air-dried green string bean sheet moisture≤15.0%, color is that white is to light yellow, the color uniformity, pickling sword bean sheet color is the natural color that the auxiliary materials such as capsicum dye, uniformity.Because adopt sunshine to make the sword bean albefaction, security is good, through check, pickles the content of nitrite of sword bean sheet (with NaNO 2Meter)≤and 4mg/kg, coliform≤30MPN/100g, do not detect pathogenic bacteria.Can satisfy the needs of producing in the anniversary raw material.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art is as follows:
1, the present invention adopts the novel simple method, utilizes solar energy that fresh sword bean is carried out blanching go out enzyme, albefaction and drying, and it is low to have energy consumption, the advantage of fast drying and sanitation and hygiene and effect.Utilize solar energy drying, can also make the albefaction of sword bean sheet.
2, the present invention has suppressed the brown stain in the drying and curing process of sword bean, makes the air-dried green string bean sheet and pickle sword bean to keep good natural color.
3, processing method of the present invention is physical method all, need not add any chemical addition agent in the process, has guaranteed the security of food.
4, for a long time preservation of light air-dried green string bean sheet of the present invention as long as the auxiliary materials such as light air-dried green string bean sheet and pimiento are mixed thoroughly in proportion, is pickled processing again and is got final product when pickling.Therefore, can satisfy and pickle the needs of producing in the sword bean sheet anniversary raw material.Fresh sword bean can concentrate listing, purchase cheapest time the, drying, therefore also can reduce production costs.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The making of light color air-dried green string bean sheet:
Choose and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, tear the old muscle of both sides off; Sword bean is cut into the thin slice of 2~3 millimeters thick with stainless steel vegetable-chopper or stainless steel knife; First the blanching water is heated to 95 ℃, then the sword bean sheet that segments is dropped in the hot water immediately, blanching 1~2 minute when treating that the sword bean sheet is transparence, is taken out rapidly; To put into cooling in the cooling water of normal temperature, rinsing to 38~42 ℃ through the sword bean sheet of blanching again, then the sword bean sheet is taken out, the open fire that drains the surface is placed on airing under the natural sunlight, until albefaction, and be dried to constant weight, the sword bean sheet be to often stir in the solarization process processed, its albefaction, uniform drying made.Place cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature the sword bean sheet that dries, namely obtain light air-dried green string bean sheet.
Pickle the making of sword bean sheet:
Select that water content is low, identical without disease and pest, kind, the fresh chilli of solid colour, after cleaning, drying surface moisture, mince.
Get by weight above-mentioned light air-dried green string bean sheet 70%, the fresh chilli 25% that minces, salt 3.8%, liquor 0.5%, reach monosodium glutamate 0.5% mixing, the material that mixes is packed in the altar, Yi Bian pack into, Yi Bian compress, until during from 2 centimetres in altar mouth, stop adding material, add 0.2% capping salt, cover the altar lid, and to altar along pouring edible vegetable oil into, carry out oil sealing, then on altar lid, cover plastics, prevent that dust from falling into the altar edge.Fermenting in the place that jar is placed on health, cool place, when pH reaches 3.5, stops fermentation.Supply direct marketing or according to a conventional method packing, sealing, sterilization.
Embodiment 2
The making of light color air-dried green string bean sheet:
From the sword bean of freshly harvested, select and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, and tear the old muscle of both sides off; Sword bean is cut into the thin slice of 2~3 millimeters thick with stainless steel vegetable-chopper or stainless steel knife; The sword bean sheet that segments is clean with the clear water rinsing, drain surface moisture, then place in the solar energy drying facility (present embodiment describes as an example of the interlayer plastic sheeting example) and carry out blanching, method is as follows: select sunny, dried sanitary, smooth place, used for packing foods plastic sheeting on ground paving, the sword bean sheet is sprinkling upon frosting equably, and thickness is no more than 1 centimetre; Then cover the used for packing foods plastic sheeting.Compress a little on the plastic edge edge with materials such as branches; The sword bean sheet is exposed to sunlight in plastic sandwich, and temperature rises rapidly, when treating that temperature is elevated to 75 ℃, is incubated 20 minutes.Then open topmost thin film, the sword bean sheet is stirred once; Again topmost thin film is covered as stated above, when the method that goes up for another example is warmed up to 60 ℃, be incubated again 30 minutes; Then open topmost thin film, the sword bean sheet is directly dried in the sun to constant weight, shine and note stirring when processed for several times, make the albefaction of sword bean sheet, uniform drying.At last the sword bean sheet that dries is placed cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature, just obtain light air-dried green string bean sheet.
Pickle the making of sword bean sheet:
Select that water content is low, identical without disease and pest, kind, the fresh chilli of solid colour, after cleaning, drying surface moisture, mince, pickle operation below being used for.
Get by weight the above-mentioned light air-dried green string bean sheet 72% that makes, the fresh chilli 17% that minces, salt 9.5%, liquor 0.7%, reach monosodium glutamate 0.3% mixing.The material that mixes is packed in the altar, Yi Bian pack into, Yi Bian compress, until during from 1 centimetre in altar mouth, stop adding material, add 0.5% capping salt, cover the altar lid, and to altar along pouring clear water into, carry out water seal.Then on altar lid, cover plastics, prevent that dust from falling into the altar edge.Jar is placed on health, shady and cool place, carries out Rapid Fermentation, when pH reaches 4.5, stop fermentation.Supply direct marketing or according to a conventional method packing, sealing, sterilization.
Embodiment 3
The making of light color air-dried green string bean sheet:
From the sword bean of freshly harvested, select and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, and tear the old muscle of both sides off; Sword bean is cut into the thin slice of 2~3 millimeters thick with stainless steel vegetable-chopper or stainless steel knife; The sword bean sheet that segments is clean with the clear water rinsing, after draining surperficial open fire, place the solar energy drying facility (take plastic green house as example, certainly also also use the large account of glasshouse or plastics) interior blanching, method is as follows: at bright day gas, select sunny, dried sanitary, smooth open place, load onto plastic green house, place in the greenhouse and shine pad, the sword bean sheet is sprinkling upon equably shines on the pad, thickness is no more than 1 centimetre.Then close the greenhouse.The sword bean sheet is exposed to sunlight in plastic green house, and temperature rises rapidly, when treating that temperature is elevated to 80 ℃, is incubated 25 minutes.Then open the greenhouse, stir the sword bean sheet.Close again the greenhouse, make internal temperature be increased to 80 ℃, be incubated 25 minutes.Open again greenhouse ventilation, shine system, the sword bean sheet is directly dried to constant weight in the sun.Note often stirring the sword bean sheet during shining system, make it equably albefaction, drying.At last the sword bean sheet that dries is placed cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature.
Pickle the making of sword bean sheet:
Select that water content is low, identical without disease and pest, kind, the fresh chilli of solid colour, after cleaning, drying surface moisture, mince, pickle operation below being used for.
Get by weight the above-mentioned light air-dried green string bean sheet 80% that makes, the fresh chilli 15% that minces, salt 3.8%, liquor 0.9%, monosodium glutamate 0.1%, mix, the material that mixes is packed in the altar, Yi Bian pack into, Yi Bian compress, until during from 2 centimetres in altar mouth, stop adding material, add 0.2% salt as capping salt, cover the altar lid, and to altar along pouring edible vegetable oil into, carry out oil sealing.Then on altar lid, cover plastics, prevent that dust from falling into the altar edge.Jar is placed on health, shady and cool place, carries out Rapid Fermentation, when pH reaches 4.0, stop fermentation.Supply direct marketing or according to a conventional method packing, sealing, sterilization.

Claims (4)

1. the processing method of a light air-dried green string bean sheet, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, select: choose and fully grow up but fresh sword bean that seed not yet expands, remove the part that small holes caused by worms and scab are arranged, tear the old muscle of both sides off;
B, cutting: the thin slice that sword bean is cut into 2~3 millimeters thick;
C, blanching, rinsing, albefaction and drying: the sword bean sheet that segments is clean with the clear water rinsing, drain surface moisture, then the sword bean sheet is placed and accept the natural sunlight irradiation in the solar energy drying facility, when treating that temperature is elevated to 60~90 ℃ in the facility, be incubated 10~30 minutes, then the sword bean sheet stirred once, be warmed up to again 60~90 ℃, be incubated 10~30 minutes, the sword bean sheet is directly dried to constant weight under natural sunlight;
D, spreading for cooling: place cool place, dry environment to be cooled to normal temperature the sword bean sheet that dries, get final product.
2. the processing method of a kind of light air-dried green string bean sheet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solar energy drying facility among the described step C refers to interlayer plastic sheeting, the large account of plastics, plastic green house or glasshouse.
3. pickle the sword bean sheet for one kind, it is characterized in that: this pickles the sword bean sheet is to get by weight percentage the light air-dried green string bean sheet 70%~80% that above-mentioned each claim is processed into, the fresh chilli 15%~25% that minces, salt 3%~10%, liquor 0.5%~1%, and monosodium glutamate 0.1%~0.5% mixing, and sealing and fermenting formed in 8~12 days.
4. a kind of processing method of pickling the sword bean sheet as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, batching: get by weight percentage light air-dried green string bean sheet 70%~80%, the fresh chilli 15%~25% that minces, salt 3%~10%, liquor 0.5%~1%, and monosodium glutamate 0.1%~0.5%, with light air-dried green string bean sheet, the fresh chilli that minces, 95% salt, liquor, and monosodium glutamate mixing;
B, dress altar: the material that mixes is packed in the altar, pack on one side, compression on one side until from 1~2 centimetre in altar mouth, is added 5% salt of remainder as capping salt;
C, seal: cover the altar lid, and seal along adding edible oil or clear water at altar, then on the altar lid, cover plastics, prevent that dust from falling into the altar edge;
D, fermentation: jar is placed on health, shady and cool place, carries out pickled fermentedly, reach 3.5~4.5 to pH, and get final product.
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