CN102788714B - Undisturbed soil sampler at field geological section - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections, which comprises a frame provided with positioning pins and guide sleeves, a rotatable connecting rod passing through the frame, a hand handle at one end of the connecting rod, and a handle at the other end. There is a first bevel gear; the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear and perpendicular to each other is connected to the middle part of the lead screw through a spline; the lower part of the lead screw passes through the lead screw guide fixedly connected with the frame and the hollow The drilling tool is fixedly connected, and the drilling tool is equipped with a piston; the screw guide is provided with an internal thread, and the lower part of the screw is provided with a matching thread; the propulsion screw with a handle is also connected to the upper part of the screw through an internal thread. The advancing screw can extend into the drilling tool to push the piston. When taking soil samples in the field, the power is input through the power input end of the manual shaking handle to realize the rotation of the drilling tool and the axial feed and retreat movement, and the change of the motion state is realized by providing positive and negative torque. , which facilitates sampling.

Description

An undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of undisturbed soil fetching, and relates to an undisturbed soil fetching device for field geological sections.

Background technique

Since K. Terzaghi put forward the effective stress principle in 1923, modern soil mechanics has made great progress. In 1963, Roscoe proposed the famous Cambridge model for remodeling clay, which pushed the research of soil mechanics to a new climax, and also opened the door of modern soil mechanics research. The emergence and development of soil mechanics are actually based on experiments, especially the early laboratory experiments laid a solid foundation for the subsequent theoretical research on soil mechanics.

In order to obtain the real physical and mechanical indicators of the soil, in-situ testing is very necessary. However, considering economic and technical reasons, as well as the inherent fragmentation, heterogeneity, and variability of soil, it is basically impossible to fully reveal the constitutive properties of soil by in-situ testing. It still has very important theoretical and practical significance to study the instruments for obtaining undisturbed soil samples in the field and minimize the disturbance to undisturbed soil.

At present, most of the existing instruments use drilling and coring technology to obtain undisturbed soil on the surface, but this method often requires a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. In the actual geological survey process, natural or artificial geological sections are often encountered. If undisturbed soil can be obtained from these geological units with free surfaces, the workload will be greatly reduced. However, at present, tools such as hoes, shovels, and knives are generally used to dig out a hexahedron on the geological section to obtain soil on the geological section. In order to reduce disturbance to the undisturbed soil, sufficient width must be excavated on the left, right, top, and rear of the hexahedron, and the rear is buried deep in the soil, resulting in a narrow working surface, which is difficult for ordinary tools to complete the task, and a large-scale excavation Digging can also easily lead to collapse, causing great safety hazards to field workers.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections, which provides axial power and drilling tool rotation power by manually shaking the handle, and provides forward and reverse torque by manually shaking the handle forward and reverse Combined with the axial load, it can realize the change of the movement state of the drilling tool and the removal of the undisturbed soil, especially suitable for field operations.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An undisturbed soil fetcher for a geological section in the field, comprising a frame with positioning pins and guide sleeves, a rotatable connecting rod passing through the frame, a hand handle at one end of the connecting rod, and a first cone at the other end gears; the second bevel gears meshed with the first bevel gear and are perpendicular to each other are connected to the lead screw through splines; the lead screw passes through the lead screw guide fixedly connected with the frame and is fixedly connected with the hollow drilling tool, and the drilling tool There is a piston inside; the lead screw guide is provided with an internal thread, and the lead screw is provided with a matching thread; the lead screw is also provided with a through hole with an internal thread, and the push screw with a handle is also connected to the lead screw through the internal thread. Connected, the push screw can be extended into the drilling tool to push the piston through rotary feed.

Further, the brazing steel is connected with the guide sleeve through the positioning pin.

The guide sleeve includes a fixed guide sleeve and an adjustable guide sleeve, the fixed guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the frame through a connecting rod; the adjustable guide sleeve can rotate around the transverse axis of the frame.

The frame is fixed by two steel brazes that are horizontally nailed into the soil profile respectively connected with the two fixed guide sleeves, and a steel braze that is vertically driven into the ground and connected with the adjustment guide sleeves.

The end of the drilling tool is provided with a serrated cutting edge.

The second bevel gear is provided with internal splines, and the lead screw is provided with external splines.

Further, when drilling soil sampling, the hand crank rotates forward, the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate forward, the second bevel gear drives the lead screw to rotate forward, and the lead screw drives the drilling tool to rotate forward and relative to the machine. The frame is rotated downward to cut the soil, and the cut undisturbed soil is compacted in the drilling tool (the drilling tool and the undisturbed soil sample are taken out together);

The hand crank rotates in the opposite direction again, and the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate in the reverse direction. The second bevel gear drives the lead screw and the drilling tool to rotate in the reverse direction. The drilling tool carries the undisturbed soil and rotates and moves upward relative to the frame to break away from the soil. .

When drilling soil samples as described above, remove the propulsion lead screw, after the drilling tool is separated from the soil (take out the drill tool and the undisturbed soil sample together), screw the propulsion lead screw into the inner screw hole of the lead screw, rotate the handle, and advance the lead screw Enter the drilling tool, push the piston to push the undisturbed soil out of the drilling tool.

The lead screw is provided with an external spline matching the second bevel gear, and the external thread matching the lead screw guide is arranged on the external spline.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections provided by the present invention, when taking soil samples in the field, manually shakes a power input end of the hand handle to input power, so as to realize the rotation of the drilling tool and the axial feed and retreat movement, and By providing positive and negative torque to realize the change of motion state:

When drilling soil sampling, the hand crank rotates forward, the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate forward, the second bevel gear drives the lead screw to rotate through the spline connection, and the lead screw rotates through the lead screw guide. The internal thread thus moves downward; because the lead screw is fixedly connected with the drilling tool, the lead screw drives the drilling tool to rotate forward and rotate downward relative to the frame to cut the soil, and cut the undisturbed soil while rotating downward Compress it so that the drill can carry it out;

Correspondingly, the hand crank rotates in the opposite direction again, and the second bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate in the reverse direction through the first bevel gear. The rod rotates, and the lead screw moves upward through the internal thread of the lead screw guide after rotating; the drilling tool carries the undisturbed soil and rotates in the opposite direction and moves upward relative to the frame, and takes out the undisturbed soil fetcher and soil samples of the field geological section;

Then advance the lead screw by manpower rotation, the advance lead screw rotates into the inside of the lead screw, and penetrates into the drilling tool, and pushes the piston to push the undisturbed soil out of the drilling tool to complete the working process of undisturbed soil sampling.

The undisturbed soil fetcher for the field geological section provided by the present invention uses two horizontal steel drills (connected with the fixed guide sleeve) and a steel drill parallel to the vertical plane and rotatable around a transverse axis perpendicular to the vertical plane (connected with the fixed guide sleeve) Adjust the guide sleeve connection) to fix the instrument, which is convenient to adapt to the field terrain and prevent its string movement. And the steel drill is connected with the guide sleeve through the positioning pin, and when not working, the steel drill can be dismantled and is easy to carry.

In the undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections provided by the present invention, the lead screw is provided with: internal thread, external spline, and external thread according to functions, which are respectively used to connect the advancing lead screw, the second bevel gear, and the lead screw guide; the external thread and The external splines are distributed on the entire axial length of the lead screw. During processing: the external splines are milled first after tapping, so the external splines and external threads are arranged in coincidence, and the external splines are connected with the internal splines of the second bevel gear. In this way, when the second bevel gear rotates, it will drive the screw to rotate; and since the screw is connected to the screw guide through threads, the positive and reverse rotations can be transformed into axial downward, Move upward, so as to realize the feed cutting and axial removal after cutting; after taking out, because the upper part of the through hole opened by the screw hole is provided with an internal thread, the push screw can be rotated and pushed into the drilling tool to push the piston , take out the soil sample.

The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections provided by the invention is simple to use, has good technical performance, is convenient for maintenance, and has high cost performance; it can be widely used in geotechnical engineering scientific research, teaching practice and production fields, and can better solve the problem of The undisturbed soil sampling problem of field geological sections, the undisturbed soil sampling technology level is high, so as to obtain more realistic physical and mechanical indicators, to meet the needs of preparing undisturbed soil in geotechnical engineering tests, and can greatly reduce the workload of obtaining undisturbed soil in the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the right structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the contact part of the bevel gear of the present invention.

Among them, 1 is the steel drill, 2 is the lead screw, 3 is the advancing screw, 4 is the guide sleeve, 5 is the positioning pin, 6 is the frame, 7 is the hand handle, 8 is the first bevel gear, and 9 is the second gear. Bevel gear, 10 is a screw guide, 11 is a piston, 12 is a drilling tool, and 13 is a cutting edge.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are explanations of the present invention rather than limitations.

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, an undisturbed soil fetcher for a field geological section includes a frame 6 provided with positioning pins 5 and guide sleeves 4, a rotatable connecting rod passes through the frame 6, and one end of the connecting rod is provided with Hand crank 7, the other end is provided with the first bevel gear 8; Mesh with the first bevel gear 8 and the second bevel gear 9 that is perpendicular to each other is connected with leading screw 2 by spline; The bottom of leading screw 2 passes through and The lead screw guide 10 fixedly connected to the frame 6 is fixedly connected to the hollow drilling tool 12, and the drill tool 12 is provided with a piston 11; the lead screw guide 10 is provided with an internal thread, and the lead screw 2 is provided with a matching thread The lead screw 2 is also provided with a through hole with an internal thread, and the lead screw 3 with a handle is also connected with the lead screw 2 through the internal thread, and the advance lead screw 3 can be inserted into the drilling tool 12 to push the piston 11 by rotating feed .

The specific steel drill 1 is connected with the guide sleeve 4 through the positioning pin 5 . The guide sleeve 4 includes a fixed guide sleeve and an adjustment guide sleeve, the fixed guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the frame through a connecting rod; the adjustment guide sleeve can rotate around the transverse axis of the frame.

When fixing the frame, two steel rods nailed horizontally into the soil section are respectively connected with two fixed guide sleeves, and a steel rod driven vertically into the ground is connected with the adjustment guide sleeve. The purpose of adjusting the guide sleeve to be able to rotate around the transverse axis of the frame is to better adapt to the field terrain and to facilitate fixing the instrument on the spot. The frame is just fixed by two transversely nailed into the soil profile that is connected with two fixed guide sleeves like this, and a steel drill that vertically drives into the ground and is connected with the adjustment guide sleeve.

The end of the drilling tool 12 is provided with a serrated cutting edge 13, so that the drilling tool can cut and take soil.

The lead screw 2 is hollow, and the lead screw is provided with: an internal thread, an external spline, and an external thread according to functions, which are respectively used to connect the advancing lead screw, the second bevel gear, and the lead screw guide; the external thread and the external spline The keys are distributed along the entire axial length of the lead screw. During processing: tap first before milling the external splines, so the external splines and external threads are arranged in coincidence. Wherein the external spline is connected with the internal spline of the second bevel gear, so that when the second bevel gear rotates, it will drive the screw to rotate; and since the screw is connected with the screw guide by thread, it can be The forward and reverse rotations are converted into axial downward and upward movements, thus realizing the feed cutting and axial removal after cutting; after taking out, since the upper part of the screw hole is provided with an internal thread, the screw is pushed forward It can be rotated and pushed into the drilling tool, and the piston is pushed to take out the soil sample.

Therefore, when drilling soil sampling, the hand crank rotates forward, the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate forward, the second bevel gear drives the lead screw to rotate forward, and the lead screw drives the drilling tool to rotate forward and relative to the machine. The frame is rotated downward to cut the soil, and the cut undisturbed soil is compacted in the drilling tool;

The hand crank rotates in the opposite direction again, and the first bevel gear drives the second bevel gear to rotate in the reverse direction. The second bevel gear drives the lead screw and the drilling tool to rotate in the reverse direction. The drilling tool carries the undisturbed soil and rotates and moves upward relative to the frame to break away from the soil. .

And when drilling soil sampling, take off advance lead screw, advance lead screw is screwed in the screw hole of lead screw after drilling tool breaks away from soil, rotates handle, advance lead screw enters in the drill tool, promotes piston and undisturbed soil is pushed out drill tool.

The operation of sampling the undisturbed soil by using the undisturbed soil fetcher of the field geological section includes the following steps:

1) Use a hoe to dig out the floating soil near the soil sampling position of a field geological section to expose the fresh soil profile. Excavate a long horizontal groove with a certain height above the soil taking position of the section.

2) Nail two horizontal steel drills into the soil profile, the two steel drills horizontally nailed into the soil profile are fixedly connected with the two fixed guide sleeves, and then drive one steel drill down into the ground according to the actual terrain , a steel braze driven longitudinally into the ground is fixedly connected with the adjusting guide sleeve, thereby fixing the frame.

3) Shake the crank handle (for example, clockwise) to make the drilling tool rotate and move down to complete the drilling process. According to the actual formation conditions, if necessary, shake the hand crank forward and reverse to make the drilling tool drill and retreat many times, so as to ensure better undisturbed soil.

4) Shake the crank handle in the opposite direction to make the drilling tool rotate in the opposite direction and move upward, and take out the drilling tool with undisturbed soil.

5) Screw the propulsion screw with the handle into the lead screw, rotate the propulsion screw, push the piston to push out the undisturbed soil, and the cylindrical undisturbed soil can be obtained.

Claims (9)

1. An undisturbed soil fetcher for a field geological section, characterized in that it includes a frame (6) provided with a positioning pin (5) and a guide sleeve (4), and a rotatable connecting rod passes through the frame (6), There is a crank handle (7) at one end of the connecting rod, and a first bevel gear (8) at the other end; the second bevel gear (9) meshing with the first bevel gear (8) and perpendicular to each other is passed through the spline It is connected with the lead screw (2); the lead screw (2) passes through the lead screw guide (10) which is fixedly connected with the frame (6) and is fixedly connected with the hollow drilling tool (12). There is a piston (11); the lead screw guide (10) is provided with an internal thread, and the lead screw (2) is provided with a matching thread; the lead screw (2) is also provided with a through hole with an internal thread, with a handle The advancing lead screw (3) is also connected with the lead screw (2) through an internal thread, and the advancing lead screw (3) can extend into the drilling tool (12) to push the piston (11) by rotating and feeding. 2. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel drill (1) is connected with the guide sleeve (4) through a positioning pin (5). 3. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the guide sleeve (4) comprises a fixed guide sleeve and an adjustment guide sleeve, the fixed guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the frame; the adjustment guide sleeve The sleeve is rotatable about the transverse axis of the frame. 4. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, the frame (6) is driven into the soil section through two steel rods which are respectively connected with two fixed guide sleeves, and a The root is driven longitudinally into the ground and fixed by the steel braze connected with the adjusting guide sleeve. 5 . The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the end of the drilling tool ( 12 ) is provided with a serrated cutting edge ( 13 ). 6. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second bevel gear (9) is provided with internal splines, and the lead screw (2) is provided with external splines. 7. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, when drilling soil samples, the hand crank (7) rotates forward, and the second bevel gear (8) is driven by the first bevel gear (8) 9) Forward rotation, the second bevel gear (9) drives the screw (2) to rotate forward, the screw (2) drives the drilling tool (12) to rotate forward and rotates downward relative to the frame (6) to cut the soil, And compact the cut undisturbed soil in the drilling tool (12); The hand crank (7) rotates in the opposite direction again, and the second bevel gear (9) is driven by the first bevel gear (8) to rotate in reverse, and the second bevel gear (9) drives the lead screw (2) and the drilling tool (12) Reversely rotating, the drilling tool (12) carries the undisturbed soil and rotates and moves upward relative to the frame to break away from the soil. 8. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological sections as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, when the drilled soil is sampled, the propulsion screw (3) is removed, and the propulsion screw (3) is screwed after the drilling tool is separated from the soil. Insert the lead screw (2), rotate the handle, push the lead screw (3) into the drill tool, and push the piston to push the undisturbed soil out of the drill tool. 9. The undisturbed soil fetcher for field geological section according to claim 1, characterized in that, the screw is provided with an external spline matching the second bevel gear (9), and the screw guide (10 ) The matching external thread is set on the external spline.

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