CN102783385B - Water curtain system of solar greenhouse - Google Patents
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- CN102783385B CN102783385B CN201210293846.XA CN201210293846A CN102783385B CN 102783385 B CN102783385 B CN 102783385B CN 201210293846 A CN201210293846 A CN 201210293846A CN 102783385 B CN102783385 B CN 102783385B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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Abstract
本发明主要涉及一种日光温室水帘系统，属于农业设施技术领域，由水循环系统、阳光板、塑料膜和蓄水池组成；其特征在于：蓄水池位于温室北墙内侧；水循环系统由位于蓄水池中的水泵、主管道、支管道、稳流器和毛管道组成；中空的阳光板位于温室北侧上部，阳光板的空隙顺着后坡从上到下的方向；阳光板的下沿与底部蓄水池的外沿之间设置有能够封闭或打开的塑料膜。本发明充分利用太阳能提高水的热量，从而提高温室的增温与保温性能、环境调控能力、生产性能等，降低了能源的消耗，实现了低碳农业，适于推广应用。
The invention mainly relates to a solar greenhouse water curtain system, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural facilities and is composed of a water circulation system, a sunlight board, a plastic film and a water storage pool; The water pump in the reservoir, the main pipeline, the branch pipeline, the current stabilizer and the capillary pipeline are composed; the hollow solar panel is located on the upper part of the north side of the greenhouse, and the gap of the solar panel is along the direction of the back slope from top to bottom; the lower part of the solar panel is A plastic film that can be closed or opened is arranged between the edge and the outer edge of the bottom reservoir. The invention makes full use of solar energy to increase the heat of water, thereby improving the temperature increasing and heat preservation performance, environmental regulation ability, production performance, etc. of the greenhouse, reducing energy consumption, realizing low-carbon agriculture, and being suitable for popularization and application.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明主要涉及一种日光温室水帘系统，属于农业设施技术领域。 The invention mainly relates to a solar greenhouse water curtain system, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural facilities.
背景技术 Background technique
日光温室是目前我国北方地区主要的园艺设施类型。目前的日光温室具有三面墙一面坡的结构特点，这种结构不仅充分利用太阳能，而且由于地面和三面墙体是重要的蓄热体，因此，与大型连栋温室比较，具有高效节能的优异性能。但是在北方严寒季节，三面墙和地面的蓄热作用仍然不能完全达到作物生长比较适宜的环境条件要求，常常出现冷害或冻害现象，导致作物的生长及其产量与品质的下降，同时，土墙和砖墙结构的日光温室也存在破坏大量土地，建造比较费工等弊端。 Solar greenhouse is currently the main type of horticultural facilities in northern my country. The current solar greenhouse has the structural characteristics of three walls and one slope. This structure not only makes full use of solar energy, but also because the ground and three walls are important heat storage bodies. Therefore, compared with large-scale multi-span greenhouses, it has excellent performance in high efficiency and energy saving. . However, in the severe cold season in the north, the heat storage effect of the three walls and the ground still cannot fully meet the requirements of the more suitable environmental conditions for crop growth, and chilling damage or freezing damage often occurs, resulting in a decline in crop growth, yield and quality. At the same time, the earth wall There are also disadvantages such as destroying a large amount of land in solar greenhouses with brick wall structures, and relatively labor-intensive construction.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
发明目的 purpose of invention
根据日光温室的结构特点，本发明设计了一种日光温室水帘系统，其目的在于提高太阳能的利用效率、以及提高日光温室温度和湿度调控能力，可低成本的解决温室冬季低温季节蓄热与保温，夏季降温与增湿等方面的问题。 According to the structural characteristics of the solar greenhouse, the present invention designs a solar greenhouse water curtain system, the purpose of which is to improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and improve the temperature and humidity control capabilities of the solar greenhouse, which can solve the problems of heat storage and heat storage in the low temperature season of the greenhouse in winter at low cost. Insulation, summer cooling and humidification and other issues.
技术方案 Technical solutions
一种日光温室水帘系统，由水循环系统、阳光板、塑料膜和蓄水池组成；其特征在于：蓄水池位于温室北墙内侧；水循环系统由位于蓄水池中的水泵、主管道、支管道、稳流器和毛管道组成，水泵上方为垂直方向的主管道，主管道连接水平方向的支管道，支管道下方连接稳流器，稳流器下方连结毛管道；中空的阳光板位于温室北侧上部，阳光板的空隙顺着后坡从上到下的方向；阳光板的下端位于底部蓄水池上部，且阳光板的下沿与蓄水池的外沿之间设置有能够封闭或打开的塑料膜。 A water curtain system for a solar greenhouse, which is composed of a water circulation system, a sun panel, a plastic film and a water storage tank; it is characterized in that the water storage tank is located inside the north wall of the greenhouse; the water circulation system consists of a water pump located in the water storage tank, a main pipeline, It is composed of branch pipes, flow stabilizers and hair pipes. Above the water pump is the main pipe in the vertical direction. The main pipe is connected to the branch pipes in the horizontal direction. On the upper part of the north side of the greenhouse, the gap of the sun board is along the direction of the back slope from top to bottom; the lower end of the sun board is located at the upper part of the bottom reservoir, and there is a seal between the lower edge of the sun board and the outer edge of the reservoir. or open plastic film.
毛管道的直径与阳光板的厚度一致，毛管道深入进阳光板的空隙中。 The diameter of the hair pipe is consistent with the thickness of the sun board, and the hair pipe goes deep into the gap of the sun board.
单个阳光板厚度为5-25mm，阳光板长度为1-6m，阳光板的中空空隙方向顺着后坡从上到下的方向设置。 The thickness of a single solar panel is 5-25mm, the length of the solar panel is 1-6m, and the direction of the hollow space of the solar panel is set along the direction of the back slope from top to bottom.
蓄水池的上口宽20-150cm。 The upper opening of the reservoir is 20-150cm wide.
优点及效果 Advantages and effects
本发明是一种日光温室水帘系统，具有如下优点及有益效果： The present invention is a solar greenhouse water curtain system, which has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
由于水的比热容很大，远远超过土壤、砖和石块等建造的日光温室墙体结构，是理想的温室蓄热体。为了提高太阳能的利用效率，提高日光温室温度和湿度调控性能，根据日光温室的结构特点，本发明设计了一种日光温室水帘系统，可低成本解决温室冬季低温季节蓄热与保温，夏季降温与增湿的问题。此外，对于建造安装方便的组装式日光温室，本发明这种日光温室水帘系统可以代替三面土墙和砖墙等的蓄热体功能，不仅可以提高温室的环境控制性能，还可以降低温室的建造成本，减少土墙和砖墙对土地的破坏，保护资源环境。 Because the specific heat capacity of water is very large, it is far more than the solar greenhouse wall structure built by soil, bricks and stones, so it is an ideal heat storage body for greenhouses. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy and improve the temperature and humidity control performance of the solar greenhouse, according to the structural characteristics of the solar greenhouse, the present invention designs a solar greenhouse water curtain system, which can solve the problem of heat storage and heat preservation in the low temperature season of the greenhouse in winter and cooling in summer at low cost. Problems with humidification. In addition, for an assembled solar greenhouse that is easy to construct and install, the solar greenhouse water curtain system of the present invention can replace the functions of heat storage bodies such as three earth walls and brick walls, which can not only improve the environmental control performance of the greenhouse, but also reduce the temperature of the greenhouse. Reduce construction costs, reduce damage to land caused by earth walls and brick walls, and protect resources and the environment.
本发明通过水帘系统，在冬季以充分利用太阳能提高水的热量，从而提高温室的增温与保温性能，同时，蓄水池中的水也适宜冬季作物育苗和栽培的灌溉用水；在夏季还可降低温室温度和提高温室湿度；此外，还可提高温室的环境调控能力，提高温室的生产性能，降低了能源消耗，实现了低碳农业。 The invention uses the water curtain system to make full use of solar energy to increase the heat of water in winter, thereby improving the temperature increase and heat preservation performance of the greenhouse. At the same time, the water in the reservoir is also suitable for irrigation of winter crop seedlings and cultivation; It can reduce the temperature of the greenhouse and increase the humidity of the greenhouse; in addition, it can also improve the environmental regulation ability of the greenhouse, improve the production performance of the greenhouse, reduce energy consumption, and realize low-carbon agriculture.
此外，对于食用菌栽培和养殖业等光照要求不高的温室，本发明这种日光温室水帘系统具有更加优越的性能。 In addition, the solar greenhouse water curtain system of the present invention has more superior performance for greenhouses with low light requirements such as edible fungus cultivation and aquaculture.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明东西向后坡面平面图； Fig. 1 is the plane view of the east-west slope of the present invention;
图2为本发明南北向剖面图； Fig. 2 is a north-south sectional view of the present invention;
图3为本发明阳光板示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the solar panel of the present invention.
附图标记说明： Explanation of reference signs:
1、水循环系统，2、阳光板，3、塑料膜，4、蓄水池，5、水泵，11、主管道，12、支管道，13、稳流器，14、毛管道，L、阳光板总宽度，H、阳光板长度。 1. Water circulation system, 2. Sunshine board, 3. Plastic film, 4. Reservoir, 5. Water pump, 11. Main pipeline, 12. Branch pipeline, 13. Current stabilizer, 14. Hair pipe, L, Sunshine board The total width, H, the length of the sun panel.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
本发明涉及一种日光温室水帘系统，如图1和图2中所示，由水循环系统1、阳光板2、塑料膜3和蓄水池4四部分组成；其特征在于：蓄水池4位于温室北墙内侧；水循环系统1由位于蓄水池4中的水泵5、主管道11、支管道12、稳流器13和毛管道14组成，水泵5上方为垂直方向设置的主管道11，主管道11连接水平方向设置的支管道12，支管道12下方连接稳流器13，设置稳流器的目的是使水流更加均匀，稳流器13下方连结毛管道14；中空的阳光板2位于温室北侧上部，阳光板2的空隙顺着后坡从上到下的方向；阳光板2的下端位于底部蓄水池4的上方，且阳光板2的下沿与蓄水池4的外沿之间设置有能够将阳光板2与蓄水池4封闭或者打开的保温保湿的塑料膜3（冬季时，将阳光板2的下沿与蓄水池4的外沿通过保温保湿的塑料膜3封闭起来，可以降低温室内的湿度；夏季时，将阳光板2的下沿与蓄水池4的外沿之间的保温保湿的塑料膜3卷起打开，可以增加温室内的湿度）。 The present invention relates to a solar greenhouse water curtain system, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, it is composed of four parts: a water circulation system 1, a sunlight panel 2, a plastic film 3 and a reservoir 4; it is characterized in that the reservoir 4 Located on the inner side of the north wall of the greenhouse; the water circulation system 1 is composed of a water pump 5 located in the reservoir 4, a main pipe 11, a branch pipe 12, a flow stabilizer 13 and a hair pipe 14, and the main pipe 11 arranged vertically above the water pump 5, The main pipe 11 is connected to the branch pipe 12 arranged in the horizontal direction, and the flow stabilizer 13 is connected under the branch pipe 12. The purpose of setting the flow stabilizer is to make the water flow more uniform, and the hair pipe 14 is connected under the flow stabilizer 13; On the upper part of the north side of the greenhouse, the gap of the solar panel 2 follows the direction of the back slope from top to bottom; Between the solar panel 2 and the water storage tank 4, the plastic film 3 for thermal insulation and moisturizing can be closed or opened (in winter, the lower edge of the solar panel 2 and the outer edge of the water storage tank 4 are passed through the plastic film 3 for thermal insulation and moisture retention). Closed, can reduce the humidity in the greenhouse; during summer, the plastic film 3 of heat preservation and moisturizing between the lower edge of the sun panel 2 and the outer edge of the reservoir 4 is rolled up and opened, which can increase the humidity in the greenhouse).
毛管道13的直径与阳光板2的厚度一致，毛管道13可以深入进中空的阳光板2的空隙中。 The diameter of the capillary 13 is consistent with the thickness of the solar panel 2 , and the capillary 13 can go deep into the gap of the hollow solar panel 2 .
如图3中所示，单个阳光板2厚度为5-25mm（阳光板的厚度可以根据实际需要设置为5mm、10mm、11mm、12mm、13mm、14mm、15mm、20mm、25mm等不同尺寸，以10-15mm为宜），阳光板长度H为1-6m（可以根据实际情况设置为1m、2m、3m、4m、5m、6m等，以2-4m为宜），阳光板的中空空隙方向顺着后坡从上到下的方向设置，单个阳光板顺着后坡沿纵向并排排列设置构成整体阳光板，整个温室北侧阳光板的总宽度L小于温室东西向长度，可根据实际情况确定。 As shown in Figure 3, the thickness of a single solar panel 2 is 5-25mm (the thickness of the solar panel can be set to 5mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 20mm, 25mm and other different sizes according to actual needs, with 10 -15mm is appropriate), the length H of the solar panel is 1-6m (it can be set to 1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, etc. according to the actual situation, and 2-4m is appropriate), and the direction of the hollow space of the solar panel is along the The rear slope is set from top to bottom, and single solar panels are arranged side by side along the rear slope longitudinally to form an overall solar panel. The total width L of the solar panel on the north side of the entire greenhouse is less than the east-west length of the greenhouse, which can be determined according to the actual situation.
蓄水池4的上口宽20-150cm（根据实际温室大小的不同蓄水池的上口宽度可以设置为20cm、30cm、40cm、50cm、60cm、70cm、80cm、90cm、100cm、110cm、120cm、130cm、140cm、150cm等，以50-100cm为宜）。 The width of the top of the reservoir 4 is 20-150cm (the width of the top of the different reservoirs according to the actual greenhouse size can be set to 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, etc., preferably 50-100cm).
本发明使用时： When the present invention is used:
当冬季前后白天太阳可以直射到温室北侧的阳光板上、温室内的空气温度上升到15-30℃时，启动水泵，蓄水池中的水流通过主管道、支管道、稳流器与毛管道进入阳光板的空隙中，水流在阳光板的空隙中缓慢下流，形成一层薄薄的倾斜的水帘，接着，由于阳光板的下端与蓄水池有一定的落差，这样在阳光板的下端又可以形成一道垂直的水帘。太阳光通过照射阳光板中的倾斜水帘和薄膜内的垂直水帘，可以提高水的热量和温度。蓄水池中的水通过水泵的反复循环，可以逐渐提高水温和蓄积热量。晚上，当温室内的空气温度下降到5-20℃，可以开启水泵使水循环，通过倾斜和垂直水帘可以使水中的热量释放，提高温室的温度，从而实现冬季温室的蓄热、增温和保温的作用。 When the sun can directly shine on the sun panel on the north side of the greenhouse and the air temperature in the greenhouse rises to 15-30°C during the day before and after winter, start the water pump, and the water in the reservoir will pass through the main pipe, branch pipe, flow stabilizer and capillary. The pipe enters the gap of the sun board, and the water flow slowly flows down in the gap of the sun board, forming a thin layer of inclined water curtain. The lower end can form a vertical water curtain again. Sunlight can increase the heat and temperature of the water by illuminating the inclined water curtains in the solar panel and the vertical water curtains in the membrane. The water in the reservoir can gradually increase the water temperature and accumulate heat through the repeated circulation of the water pump. At night, when the air temperature in the greenhouse drops to 5-20°C, the water pump can be turned on to circulate the water, and the heat in the water can be released through the inclined and vertical water curtains to increase the temperature of the greenhouse, thereby realizing heat storage, heating and cooling of the greenhouse in winter. The role of heat preservation.
在夏季高温季节，地下水通过该系统的循环，可以实现降温的作用，如果同时打开阳光板与蓄水池之间的保温保湿塑料膜，还可以增加温室中的湿度，进一步降低温室的湿度，这样可以实现夏季温室的降温与增湿作用。 In the high temperature season in summer, the circulation of groundwater through the system can achieve the effect of cooling. If the thermal insulation and moisturizing plastic film between the sun panel and the reservoir is opened at the same time, the humidity in the greenhouse can be increased and the humidity in the greenhouse can be further reduced. This can Realize the cooling and humidification of the greenhouse in summer.
对于食用菌栽培和养殖业等光照要求不高的温室类型，该系统也可以在温室的南侧、东侧和西侧等部位均可安装，从而实现蓄热与保温，降温与增湿的效果。 For the types of greenhouses with low light requirements such as edible fungus cultivation and aquaculture, the system can also be installed on the south, east and west sides of the greenhouse, so as to achieve heat storage and heat preservation, cooling and humidification effects .
通过使用本发明这种日光温室水帘系统，在冬季以充分利用太阳能提高水的热量，从而提高了温室的增温与保温性能；在夏季还可以降低温室温度和提高温室湿度；同时，还可以提高温室的环境调控能力，提高温室的生产性能，降低了能源的消耗，实现了低碳农业。 By using the solar greenhouse water curtain system of the present invention, in winter, the heat of water can be fully utilized to increase the heat of the water, thereby improving the warming and heat preservation performance of the greenhouse; in summer, the temperature of the greenhouse can be reduced and the humidity of the greenhouse can be increased; meanwhile, it can also Improve the environmental regulation ability of the greenhouse, improve the production performance of the greenhouse, reduce energy consumption, and realize low-carbon agriculture.
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| CN103098676B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-12-10 | 沈阳农业大学 | Sunlight greenhouse waterwall system |
| CN103314810A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-09-25 | 沈阳农业大学 | Wet curtain fan circulating ventilation cooling system of solar greenhouse |
| CN103461264B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-06-10 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Heating and heat preserving device for flexible greenhouse of aquaculture pond |
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| JPS56150356U (en) * | 1980-04-11 | 1981-11-11 | ||
| JPS6214728A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1987-01-23 | 中谷 敏雄 | Temperature control in greenhouse by solar ray and heat |
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| CN102550329B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-10 | 吴小平 | A fully numerically controlled track-type seedling raising device |
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