CN102778469B - Deep sea combustible ice detecting instrument based on gamma ray Compton backscattering scanning technique - Google Patents
Deep sea combustible ice detecting instrument based on gamma ray Compton backscattering scanning technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN102778469B CN102778469B CN201210292108.3A CN201210292108A CN102778469B CN 102778469 B CN102778469 B CN 102778469B CN 201210292108 A CN201210292108 A CN 201210292108A CN 102778469 B CN102778469 B CN 102778469B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep sea combustible ice detecting instrument based on gamma ray Compton backscattering scanning technique. The deep sea combustible ice detecting instrument comprises a high-pressure-resistant tube, a detecting instrument case, a gamma-ray source system, a detecting picking transmission system, a multi-path detector as well as a multi-path rear collimator, wherein the detecting instrument case is arranged in the high-pressure-resistant tube; the top of the detecting instrument case is internally provided with a storage battery group, and the bottom of the detecting instrument case is provided with a main mounting plate; and the gamma-ray source system, the multi-path detector and the multi-path rear collimator are all arranged on the main mounting plate, and the lower end of the multi-path rear collimator is provided with a thin baseplate. The deep sea combustible ice detecting instrument disclosed by the invention is suitable for sea-bed exploration, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the detectability is wide; and a technology principle adopts the Compton backscattering scanning technique based on interaction of gamma rays and substances, and whether an analyte is combustible ice can be directly, rapidly and exactly judged according to a Compton backscattering photon counting characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiation checking technical field, be specially a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique.
Background technology
Combustible ice or title gas hydrate (Natural Gas Hydrate), methane air water inclusion compound, methane hydrate, methane ice, solid state crystallization material, the appearance utmost point is as ice and snow or solid alcohol.Be distributed in the permafrost in abyssal sediment or Lu territory, its principal ingredient is methane.How could obtain the data accurately of surveying on the spot? this becomes one of difficult problem of global scientist's research of technique.
Now China has formed the crucial Detection Techniques system such as combustible ice high precision seismic, original position and FLUID GEOCHEMICAL with independent intellectual property right.If ocean doctor Zhang Xin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is as the first deep-sea methane in-situ detection system based on deep-sea ROV cable man-controlled mobile robot that completed people and the success of MBARI research institute of U.S. cooperation research and development, claim again impermeability pore water in situ sampling system, described deep-sea methane in-situ detection system is popped one's head in and is inserted seabed, described probe first sucks the pore water in marine bottom sediment, the filtrator forming through metal sintering filters, sampling is drawn onto in the micro-detection of an optics cabin of only having 0.087mL container by pump, detect Raman spectrum through Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation, just can analyze the methane content in this place's sediment of seabed.As middle power ocean controllable source electromagnetism (MCAEM) instrument that China University of Geosciences succeeded in developing in 2010, mainly comprise controllable source electromagnetics transmitter and receiver.As Wang Weixi developed 820 type high sensitivity hydrogen and the gaseous hydrocarbon on-site measurement system based on chemical sensor in 2000.
Above-mentioned showing, deep-sea combustible ice Detection Techniques obtain important breakthrough.But also there are the following problems:
1, equipment price costliness, for example cable man-controlled mobile robot price be 4,000 ten thousand yuan/more than platform,
2, a whole set of sniffer structure is very complicated,
3, detectivity is very limited, is difficult to adapt to the detection of combustible ice characteristic distributions.
Association area research shows, gas hydrate only can be in certain narrow range form under the degree of depth of (as continental shelf), and just can exist in the depth range in some place, and normally in the place of low concentration.This shows that only just there is extraction value economically in the methane inclusion compound mineral deposit in limited area.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters solved by the invention is to provide a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique, to solve directly, to judge fast, safely, exactly the problem that combustible ice exists.
Technical matters solved by the invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique, include high pressure resistant cylinder, detection instrument cabinet, gamma ray projector system, survey and adopt collimating apparatus after biography system, multiplexed detection device and multichannel, described detection instrument cabinet is arranged in high pressure resistant cylinder, top in described detection instrument cabinet is provided with battery pack, bottom is provided with main installing plate, after described gamma ray projector system, multiplexed detection device and multichannel, collimating apparatus is installed on main installing plate, and after described multichannel, collimating apparatus lower end is provided with thin base plate.
Described detection is adopted biography system and is comprised and be integrated in detection instrument cabinet inner high voltage power case, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and communication interface, described multiplexed detection device is provided with output cable socket, its top is provided with to survey adopts biography system chassis, and described detection is adopted biography system chassis upper end and is provided with high-voltage power supply cabinet.
Described gamma ray projector system comprises gamma ray source container, gamma ray projector and front collimating apparatus, described gamma ray source container is made up of heavy metal material, described gamma ray projector system outside is provided with bell housing, described multiplexed detection device shares a multichannel pulse scope-analyzer by MUX, gives signal transmission circuit by interface circuit.Multichannel pulse scope-analyzer is provided with embedded microprocessor and analog to digital converter, detector is adopted and passed system height intelligence.Described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer can be measured requirement by compton backscattering and sets and block energy threshold, reaches the object of differentiating combustible ice.
Described high pressure resistant cylinder can bear deep sea water pressure, to protect detection instrument normally to work.High pressure resistant cylinder top is provided with suspension ring handle, so as to hang onto deep-sea floor or rise to platform and ship on; Bottom is provided with telescopic pin, high pressure resistant cylinder hangs onto after deep-sea floor, described telescopic pin injects in the measured object of seabed, make detection instrument bottom paste measured object, at this moment motor automatically by high pressure resistant cylinder can translation switch bottom door open, gamma ray projector system, measured object, multiplexed detection device form compton backscattering scan geometry, are convenient to do compton backscattering (CBS) and measure.
Know-why of the present invention is: based on ray and the material photon number that particularly the interactional compton backscattering effect of light materials is measured, by data processing or reconstruction, draw measured object electron density distribution, mass density, the parameters such as effective atomic number and relative percentage content, Criterion sample data storehouse accordingly, by software and the discriminant criterion researched and developed voluntarily, automatically determines whether combustible ice.Prove through theoretical research and practical experience repeatedly, it is very effective that compton backscattering measuring technique counting light materials detects.
Compton backscattering (CBS) photon number ns is: n
s=C ρ V
i
C=n in formula
0[d σ (θ)/d Ω]
kN(N
a* Z/A) Δ a η f
1f
2
N
0---the initial photon number of gamma ray projector transmitting
[d σ (θ)/d Ω]
kN---Compton scattering cross section
Δ a---sensing point capture area
The detection efficiency of η---sensing point
F
1---incident carrys out the Attenuation factor in measured object
F
2---scattering carrys out the Attenuation factor in measured object
N
a---Avogadro constant number
The atomic number of Z---measured object
The atomic weight of A---measured object
Mass density (the g/cm of ρ---measured object
3)
V
i---detect volume
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages;
1, device fabrication cost, easily promotes;
2, adapt to habitata, simple in structure, easy to operate;
3, detectivity is wide, and the compton backscattering scanning technique based on gamma-rays and matter interaction in know-why directly, fast, accurately judges according to compton backscattering photon counting feature whether measured object is combustible ice.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the backplan of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is compton backscattering instrumentation plan of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that biography system block diagram is adopted in detection of the present invention.
In figure: 1, gamma ray projector, 2, gamma ray source container, 3, front collimating apparatus, 4, lead shield cover, 5, multiplexed detection device, 6, output cable socket, 7, collimating apparatus after multichannel, 8, biography system chassis is adopted in detection, 9, high-voltage power supply cabinet, 10, battery pack, 11, signal transmission circuit, 12, detection instrument cabinet, 13, high pressure resistant cylinder, 14, suspension ring handle, 15, telescopic pin, 16, bottom door that can translation switch, 17, motor, 18, main installing plate, 19, thin base plate, 20, the gamma-rays penetrating, 21, the gamma-rays of incident, 22, measured object, 23 ~ 30, detector, 31, the output signal cable of detection instrument, 32, MUX, 33, buffer amplifier, 34, peak retainer, 35, peak-seeking circuit, 36, analog to digital converter, 37, timing sequencer, 38, embedded microprocessor, 39, storer, 40, interface circuit, 41, high-voltage DC power supply, 42, low-voltage dc power supply.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 4, a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique, include high pressure resistant cylinder 13, detection instrument cabinet 12, gamma ray projector system, biography system is adopted in detection, collimating apparatus 7 after multiplexed detection device 5 and multichannel, described detection instrument cabinet 12 is arranged in high pressure resistant cylinder 13, top in described detection instrument cabinet 12 is provided with battery pack 10, bottom is provided with main installing plate 18, described gamma ray projector system, after multiplexed detection device 5 and multichannel, collimating apparatus 7 is installed on main installing plate 18, after described multichannel, collimating apparatus 7 lower ends are provided with thin base plate 19.
Described detection is adopted biography system and is comprised the high-voltage power supply cabinet 9, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, the communication interface that are integrated in detection instrument cabinet, described multiplexed detection device is provided with output cable socket 6, its top is provided with to survey to adopt and passes system chassis 8, and described detection is adopted biography system chassis 8 upper ends and is provided with high-voltage power supply cabinet 9.
Described gamma ray projector system comprises gamma ray source container 2, low-energy gamma ray projector 1 and front collimating apparatus 3, and described gamma ray source container 2 is made up of heavy metal material, and described gamma ray projector system outside is provided with lead shield cover 4.
Described multiplexed detection device 5 shares a multichannel pulse scope-analyzer by MUX 32, gives signal transmission circuit 11 by interface circuit.Multichannel pulse scope-analyzer is provided with embedded microprocessor 38 and analog to digital converter 36, makes to survey to adopt to pass system height intelligence.Described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer can be measured requirement by compton backscattering and sets and block energy threshold, reaches the object of differentiating combustible ice.
Described high pressure resistant cylinder 13 can bear deep sea water pressure, to protect detection instrument normally to work.High pressure resistant cylinder top is provided with suspension ring handle 14, so as to hang onto deep-sea floor or rise to platform and ship on; Bottom is provided with telescopic pin 15, high pressure resistant cylinder 13 hangs onto after deep-sea floor, described telescopic pin 15 injects in seabed measured object 22, make detection instrument bottom paste measured object 22, at this moment motor 17 automatically by high pressure resistant cylinder 12 can translation switch bottom door 16 open, gamma ray projector system, measured object 22, multiplexed detection device 5 form compton backscattering scan geometry, are convenient to do compton backscattering (CBS) and measure.
Using method of the present invention is as follows:
First open facility switching, the plug on high-voltage power supply cabinet 9 is plugged to output cable socket 6, battery pack 10 starts to provide low-tension supply 42, produces high-voltage power supply 41 supply with multiplexed detection device 5 by high-voltage power supply cabinet 9.
Secondly by suspension ring handle 14, high pressure resistant cylinder 13 is put into deep seafloor, the telescopic pin of high pressure resistant cylinder 13 is stretched 15 and is gone out to inject seabed measured object 22, until bottom door 16 that can translation switch is pasting measured object 22, motor 17 drives bottom door 16 that can translation switch to open.
Further, the main installing plate 18 thin base plates 19 in bottom are pasting measured object 22, the gamma-rays 20 of the outgoing that the gamma ray projector 1 in gamma ray source container 2 penetrates by front collimating apparatus 3 enters measured object 22 through thin base plate 19, and the gamma-rays 21 of the incident of measured object 22 scatterings enters in multiplexed detection device 5 through thin base plate 19.
Further, after the three unities is surveyed and is finished, motor 17 drives bottom door 16 that can translation switch to cut out, telescopic pin 15 is retracted, wait for high pressure resistant cylinder 13 migration repositions measurements, after all detections complete, after high pressure resistant cylinder 13 hangs on, open can translation switch bottom door 16, take out detection instrument cabinet 12.
The undersuing that multiplexed detection device 5 in described detection instrument cabinet 12 is exported, send to and survey the MUX 32 of adopting in biography system through the output signal cable 31 of detection instrument, gating road enters buffer amplifier 33, and obtaining certain gain paraphase is positive pulse; Described positive pulse one tunnel sends peak retainer 34 to, and another road sends peak-seeking circuit 35 to; Described peak-seeking circuit 35 obtains the digital pulse signal of an indicator signal peak, and described digital pulse signal can trigger timing sequencer 37, obtains a series of synchronous digital pulse signal; As delayed pulse, described digital pulse signal is for transmitting look-at-me to embedded microprocessor 38, described look-at-me is used for starting analog to digital converter 36 and changes, to ensure that analog to digital converter 36 has enough sampling tracking times, the clock signal clk that analog to digital converter 36 is changed is also completed by timing sequencer 37; After embedded microprocessor 38 is triggered by described look-at-me, by the time analog to digital converter 36 is transformed into end, reads the result of analog to digital converter 36, reads former count value from corresponding storer 39, after adding one, write back again storer 39, complete the counting of multichannel pulse scope-analyzer.Described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer can be measured requirement by compton backscattering and sets and block energy threshold, reaches the object of differentiating combustible ice.
Described embedded microprocessor 38 is communicated by letter with signal transmission circuit 11 by interface circuit 40 simultaneously.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. the deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique, include high pressure resistant cylinder, detection instrument cabinet, gamma ray projector system, survey and adopt collimating apparatus after biography system, multiplexed detection device and multichannel, it is characterized in that: described detection instrument cabinet is arranged in high pressure resistant cylinder, top in described detection instrument cabinet is provided with battery pack, bottom is provided with main installing plate, after described gamma ray projector system, multiplexed detection device and multichannel, collimating apparatus is installed on main installing plate, and after described multichannel, collimating apparatus lower end is provided with thin base plate; Described detection is adopted biography system and is comprised and be integrated in detection instrument cabinet inner high voltage power case, multichannel pulse scope-analyzer and communication interface, described multiplexed detection device is provided with output cable socket, its top is provided with to survey adopts biography system chassis, and described detection is adopted biography system chassis upper end and is provided with high-voltage power supply cabinet.
2. a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gamma ray projector system comprises gamma ray source container, low-energy gamma ray projector and front collimating apparatus, described gamma ray source container is made up of heavy metal material, and described gamma ray projector system outside is provided with lead shield cover.
3. a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described multichannel pulse scope-analyzer is provided with embedded microprocessor and analog to digital converter.
4. a kind of deep-sea combustible ice detection instrument based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high pressure resistant cylinder top is provided with suspension ring handle, and bottom is provided with flexible pin.
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| CN104237971A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2014-12-24 | 丁莉 | CBS detection system for deep sea gas hydrates |
| CN108303287A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of halmeic deposit pore water original position automatic acquisition device easy to operate |
| CN108387942B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-01-14 | 西安理工大学 | Submarine combustible ice detector and detection method thereof |
| CN109270577A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-25 | 广州冷聚变电力科技有限公司 | A kind of combustible ice diving detection device |
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| KR100546932B1 (en) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-01-26 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Container-type dissociation unit for natural gas hydrate |
| CN100343696C (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2007-10-17 | 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所 | Bottom water in-situ geochemical detection system |
| US20070145810A1 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Charles Wendland | Gas hydrate material recovery apparatus |
| CN101725334A (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Natural gas hydrate microwave in-situ development system powered by wind energy |
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