CN102770723A - 板安装系统 - Google Patents
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- F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
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- F24S25/61—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures
- F24S25/613—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for fixing to the ground or to building structures in the form of bent strips or assemblies of strips; Hook-like connectors; Connectors to be mounted between building-covering elements
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Abstract
一种用于将板(特别是太阳能板)安装到结构的板安装系统。荷载元件将板保持器连接到屋顶结构,并且在对所述荷载元件施加预定的临界荷载时,所述荷载元件塑性地变形到变形构型。荷载元件通常具有弯成曲柄状的初始状态并在塑性变形期间伸长。安装系统防止由于风荷载作用在板上而造成的屋顶损坏。
Description
本发明涉及一种板安装系统,且特别是涉及一种适合于将结构的装饰性或功能性的板安装到诸如建筑物壁或屋顶的结构的板安装系统。
该系统特别适合于将板安装到易碎结构,例如由金属外壳板(metalskin panel)形成的屋顶结构。这样的易碎结构需要不会损坏结构(例如金属屋顶外壳)的结构完整性的安装配件。重要的是,例如在将系统固定到易碎结构时,不危及结构的防水性。
现在已设计出一种改进系统。
根据第一方面,本发明提供了一种用于将板安装到结构的板安装系统,板安装系统包括板保持设备以及用于将板保持设备连接到结构的荷载元件(load element),荷载元件具有初始构型并且被设置成在对荷载元件施加预定临界荷载时塑性地变形到第二构型。
荷载元件在达到或超过临界极限(threshold limit)时塑性地变形到第二构型的功能(facility)可以是重要的。当达到临界荷载时,超过临界极限的额外荷载被吸收在荷载元件的塑性变形中,而不是被直接转移到将安装系统固定到结构的任何机械配件。这可以防止过量荷载对结构的损坏。这在结构易碎的情况下,例如对于诸如带轮廓的屋顶的薄金属外壳结构来说可能是特别重要的。
可以发生不利的荷载,例如由于风荷载,特别是一阵狂风,其中机翼效应可以引起板被从其所固定的结构向上或向外地提升。
优选地,荷载元件包括伸长元件,并且当施加预定荷载时,荷载元件塑性地变形以在纵向方向上伸长。
有利地,荷载元件包括在大体上共同的方向上延伸的相对的端部部分以及在相对的端部中间的位置处的弯成曲柄状的部分(cranked portion)。弯成曲柄状的部分大体上是v形或扭结的部分,并且优选地横向于荷载元件的纵向方向延伸。
在优选的实施方案中,荷载元件包括伸长支柱,优选为金属支柱。
优选地,该伸长支柱在近端处设有用于固定到结构的装置,并在其远端处固定到板保持元件。
在某些实施方案中,优选地,板保持元件包括板保持支架。支架可以围绕板的整个周边延伸,或者可选择地,将板保持在围绕板的周边的某些特定点或位置处。
在某些实施方案中,可以优选地将板保持元件配置成以相邻的并排关系来固定板。
有利地,荷载元件被设置成承受板的荷载(以压缩的方式)。
合意地,荷载元件被设置成使板与结构隔开。
在某些实施方案中,优选地,当荷载元件从其初始构型重新配置到其第二构型时,系统的外观给出已经发生重新配置的视觉指示。这在荷载元件由于大于临界值的施加荷载而变形时提供已经发生过量荷载的容易地可见的指示。
合意地,系统设有用于荷载元件的两部分或更多部分的套管,套管部分相对于彼此移动以在荷载元件塑性地变形时改变系统的外观。套管可以设有指示器,该指示器仅在套管部分由于荷载元件的变形而移动时才变得可见。
在某些实施方案中,优选地,荷载元件被固定到基底。
基底可以有利地设有用于固定到结构的装置(例如机械配件)。
在可选择的方面,本发明提供了一种将板安装到结构的方法,该方法包括将板固定到板保持设备,板保持设备设有用于将板保持设备连接到结构的荷载元件,荷载元件具有初始构型并且被设置成在对荷载元件施加预定的临界荷载时塑性地变形到第二构型。
根据可选择的方面,本发明提供了一种用于支撑结构荷载的系统,该系统包括荷载元件,荷载元件在第一荷载状态下具有初始构型,在第一荷载状态中,结构荷载由载荷元件以拉伸或压缩的方式施加,且荷载元件被设置成在将预定临界荷载施加到荷载元件时塑性地变形到第二构型。
现在将只通过实施例的方式并参考附图来进一步描述本发明,在附图中;
图1是根据本发明的板安装系统的示意性说明图;
图2A是图1的系统的一部分的示意性说明图;
图2B是图2A的一部分的详细视图;
图3是根据本发明的板安装系统的可选择的实施方案的示意图;
图4是根据本发明的板安装系统的可选择的实施方案的示意性说明图。
参考附图,显示了用于将板2安装到结构3的板安装系统1。在主要地描述的实施方案中,板2包括太阳能板,该太阳能板安装在平坦的或带轮廓的外壳屋顶3的顶部上。然而,关于将其它板安装到支撑结构,本发明也是可适用的,并且本发明实际上可适用于结构荷载需要支撑但避免过量加载的其它情况。
板安装系统包括安装结构4和板保持装置,其中安装结构4可以以固定到屋顶结构3的柱的形式,板保持装置可以以用于固定或容纳板边缘2的支架5的形式。板保持支架5可以以围绕板的整个周边延伸的矩形框架的形式,或者可选择地,板保持支架5可以仅接合框架的位于安装柱的位置处的部分。配件可以被设置成相对板安装系统机械地固定板2。该配件可以是例如螺钉。在图1上示出的实施方案中,仅显示安装到结构的单一板2,其中板安装系统具有设置在板的四个转角处的安装柱。在可选择的实施方案中,如图3所示,可设置双支架配件以用于将板例如以在共同的平面中的并排关系彼此相邻地安装。
现在参考图2A和图2B,显示了根据本发明的板安装系统的优选实施方案。这种布置对于将太阳能板2安装在诸如带轮廓的金属外壳屋顶或壁结构的精细结构上来说是特别有用的。图2的板安装系统包括基底板6,基底板6适合于利用螺钉配件固定到结构金属外壳,该螺钉配件穿过在基底6中界定的固定点7中的预制孔。基底6具有通向中心平台部分6b的上升部分6a,中心平台部分6b具有带有下翻边缘的中心圆形开口6c。
板保持支架5通过中心伸长的支撑支柱9固定到基底,该支撑支柱9形成根据本发明的荷载元件。支撑支柱9在其下端处固定到基底6。支柱9的下端延伸穿过基底6中的开口6c,并设有套圈螺母(ferrule nut)10。设置弹簧撑开器垫圈11以将力从套圈螺母10转移到基底6的底面。
支撑支柱9的上端是带螺纹的并被接纳在螺纹元件12中,螺纹元件12的上端也是带螺纹的以接纳支架固定螺栓13的螺纹轴。支架固定螺栓13穿过支架5的下肢(lower limb)中的开口。以这种方式,支架5被支柱9束缚到基底6。支柱9的上部分和下部分在共同的方向上延伸,并且实际上优选地沿着大体上共同的轴线对齐。在端部中间,支柱9设有以v形部分的形式的弯成曲柄状的部分9a,弯成曲柄状的部分9a横向于支柱9的上部分和下部分的共同纵向方向延伸。支柱9形成为在正常荷载条件下承受支撑板的重量(以压缩荷载的形式)而不塑性地变形。
类似地,支柱9形成为在支柱的直到临界值或极限值的拉伸荷载下抵抗塑性变形,且随后在达到或超过临界极限时以塑性变形的方式伸长。以这种方式,如果达到临界拉伸荷载,则支柱伸长,塑性地变形。支柱的v形的弯成曲柄状的部分9a便利地实现该功能,并且还提供了在直到临界极限的(拉伸或压缩)荷载的弹性范围内弹起或回弹的形式。
弯成曲柄状的支柱9在达到或超过临界极限时以塑性变形的方式伸长的该功能可以在两个方面是重要的。首先,当在拉伸荷载中达到临界荷载时,由于支柱9的伸长,超过临界极限的额外荷载被吸收在塑性变形中,而不是被直接转移到使基底6固定到结构3的机械配件。这可以防止过量的向上荷载对结构3的损坏。在结构易碎的情况下,例如对于诸如带轮廓的屋顶的薄金属外壳结构来说,这可以是特别重要的。
其次,当支柱由于大于临界值的向上施加的荷载而伸长时,存在过量荷载已经发生的容易地可见的指示。在图2A和图2B的实施方案中,安装柱4具有以两部分的形式提供的套管15:固定到排列的支柱9的上部分的上部分15a以及固定到基底6的下部分15b。当弯成曲柄状的支柱9伸长时,套管使任一个部分伸缩地分离,在这种情况下,例如,可能揭开在伸缩式内套管上设置的有色的指示带,或简单地暴露上套管部分15a和下套管部分15b之间的间隙。
该荷载可以例如由于风荷载特别是阵风而产生,其中机翼效应可以引起板被从其所固定的结构向上或向外地提升。
在可以存在结构配件的拉伸荷载且预期将建筑物上的荷载效应保持在最低限度以下的情况下,本发明也可以是有用的。例如,在拉伸缆线被用来固定桅杆或其它直立结构的情况下,结(tie)的端部可以使用根据本发明的安装系统来固定。
在某些实施方案中,不需要设置基底板,且弯成曲柄状的支柱9的下端可以被直接固定到结构(例如直接穿过金属外壳屋顶板)。
在其它实施方案中,荷载元件(例如支柱9)或基底可以借助于除螺钉配件以外的装置固定到屋顶外壳。例如夹钳配件可以用来固定到金属外壳屋顶结构的站缝(standing seam)。
在图4的布置中,安装结构再一次是以固定到屋顶结构13的柱14的形式。在该实施方案中,板保持装置15包括用于固定或容纳板边缘2的弹簧夹(pinch clamp)18。弹簧夹18可滑动地保持在滑槽轨道(runner rail)17中,滑槽轨道17其自身固定到横向延伸的框架轨道16。支柱19从其弯成曲柄状的部分19a向上延伸,穿过框架轨道16以固定在滑槽轨道17的基底上。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于将板安装到结构的板安装系统,所述板安装系统包括板保持装置和荷载元件,所述荷载元件用于将所述板保持装置连接到所述结构,所述荷载元件具有初始构型并且被设置成在对所述荷载元件施加预定临界荷载时塑性地变形到第二构型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件包括伸长元件,并且所述荷载元件在施加所述预定荷载时塑性地变形以在纵向方向上伸长。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件包括相对的端部部分以及弯成曲柄状的部分,所述相对的端部部分在大体上共同的方向上延伸,所述弯成曲柄状的部分位于所述相对的端部中间的位置处。
4.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件包括伸长支柱。
5.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述伸长支柱在近端处设有用于固定到所述结构的装置,且所述伸长支柱在其远端处被固定到所述板保持装置。
6.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述板保持装置包括板保持支架或夹钳。
7.根据权利要求6所述的板安装系统,其中所述板保持装置包括沿着诸如通道、轨道或滑槽的固定框架元件可移动的支架或夹钳。
8.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述板保持元件被配置成以相邻的并排关系来固定板。
9.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件被设置成承受所述板的荷载(以压缩的形式)。
10.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件被设置成使所述板与所述结构隔开。
11.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中当所述荷载元件从其初始构型重新配置到其第二构型时,所述系统的外观给出已经发生重新配置的视觉指示。
12.根据权利要求11所述的板安装系统,其中所述系统设有用于所述荷载元件的多部分套管,所述套管部分相对于彼此移动以在所述荷载元件塑性地变形时改变所述系统的外观。
13.根据任一前述权利要求所述的板安装系统,其中所述荷载元件被固定到基底。
14.根据权利要求13所述的板安装系统,其中所述基底设有用于固定到所述结构的装置。
15.一种将板安装到结构的方法,所述方法包括将所述板固定到板保持装置,所述板保持装置设有用于将所述板保持设备连接到所述结构的荷载元件,所述荷载元件具有初始构型并且被设置成在对所述荷载元件施加预定临界荷载时塑性地变形到第二构型。
16.一种在结构的屋顶外壳之上隔开的位置处安装太阳能板的方法,所述方法包括将所述板固定到板保持装置,所述板保持装置设有用于将所述板保持装置连接到所述屋顶外壳的荷载元件,所述荷载元件具有初始构型并且被设置成在对所述荷载元件施加预定临界荷载时塑性地变形到第二构型。
17.一种用于支撑结构荷载的系统,所述系统包括荷载元件,所述载荷元件在第一荷载状态下具有初始构型,且所述载荷元件被设置成在将预定临界荷载施加到所述荷载元件时塑性地变形到第二构型。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1001892.7 | 2010-02-05 | ||
GB1001892A GB2477539A (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2010-02-05 | Panel Mounting System with shock absorbing deformable strut |
PCT/GB2011/050178 WO2011095808A1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-03 | Panel mounting system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN102770723A true CN102770723A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=42082526
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN2011800078208A Pending CN102770723A (zh) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-02-03 | 板安装系统 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20130036683A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2531782A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102770723A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2011212250A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112012019281A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2786967A1 (zh) |
GB (2) | GB2477539A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011095808A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201205617B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN114319657A (zh) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | 一种外墙式光伏玻璃安装装置及其安装方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10273686B2 (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-04-30 | Daniel Brian Lake | Thermally broken framing system and method of use |
US10371185B2 (en) | 2017-01-09 | 2019-08-06 | David Lynn | Magnetically-controlled connectors and methods of use |
US10651786B2 (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | David Lynn | Panel with magnetically-controlled connectors for attachment to a support member |
US10971870B2 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2021-04-06 | David Lynn | Connection interface for a panel and support structure |
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2011
- 2011-02-03 EP EP11703479A patent/EP2531782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-02-03 AU AU2011212250A patent/AU2011212250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-02-03 BR BR112012019281A patent/BR112012019281A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-02-03 CA CA2786967A patent/CA2786967A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-02-03 WO PCT/GB2011/050178 patent/WO2011095808A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-02-03 CN CN2011800078208A patent/CN102770723A/zh active Pending
- 2011-02-03 US US13/521,052 patent/US20130036683A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-02-03 GB GB1212255.2A patent/GB2490060A/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2012-07-25 ZA ZA2012/05617A patent/ZA201205617B/en unknown
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CN1055215A (zh) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-09 | 株式会社大理石工艺社 | 石材等构造物的连结装置 |
US5273314A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-12-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Supporting bracket for knee panel |
WO1994024388A1 (en) * | 1993-04-16 | 1994-10-27 | Harald Gether | An anchorage for flexible mounting of elements of natural stone and similar materials on vertical walls |
CN1833088A (zh) * | 2003-08-08 | 2006-09-13 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 用于粘合连接的具有位置固定装置的叠层板状件 |
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CN114319657A (zh) * | 2021-09-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团贵州电力设计研究院有限公司 | 一种外墙式光伏玻璃安装装置及其安装方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112012019281A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
GB2477539A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
CA2786967A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
WO2011095808A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
GB201001892D0 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
GB201212255D0 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2531782A1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
ZA201205617B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
AU2011212250A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
US20130036683A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
GB2490060A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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