CN102758653B - Multilevel centripetal turbine system - Google Patents
Multilevel centripetal turbine system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102758653B CN102758653B CN201110108221.7A CN201110108221A CN102758653B CN 102758653 B CN102758653 B CN 102758653B CN 201110108221 A CN201110108221 A CN 201110108221A CN 102758653 B CN102758653 B CN 102758653B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multilevel centripetal turbine system and relates to the turbine technology. The system comprises a turbine expansion system, a reheating system and a driving system, the number of centripetal turbines of the system is even, the number of levels ranges from 2 to 8 and is determined by the expansion ratio, and each level of centripetal turbine comprises one or multiple centripetal turbines. Each two of the centripetal turbines are matched through rotating speed, has the same rotating speed and are arranged in a coaxial back-to-back form to offset axial force of a rotor. The inlet temperature of the multilevel centripetal turbine ranges from 220K to 973K, and the inlet pressure ranges from 3bar to 340bar. Heat sources of the reheating system are low-and-medium temperature (heat value) heat sources and especially are industrial residual heat and waste heat. Shaft work generated by each level of the centripetal turbines, after passing through a gearbox, is output by a main shaft to a motor or to beused as power sources for industrial production. The multilevel centripetal turbine system has the advantages of high efficiency and expansion ratio, simple and compact structure, high operating reliability, recoverability of low-and-medium temperature (heat value) waste heat and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to turbine technology field, is a kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system with reheating.
Background technique
Radial-inward-flow turbine have simple and compact for structure, manufacturing process is simple, cheap, easy for installation, efficiency is high (current single-stage radial-inward-flow turbine isentropic efficiency can reach more than 90%), single-stage expansion is than features such as high (single-stage radial-inward-flow turbines can replace two-stage even more axial-flow turbine).Be widely used in the expansion turbine etc. of middle-size and small-size gas turbine, turbosupercharger, refrigeration plant and liquefaction plant.
At present, from published data, radial-inward-flow turbine is single-stage mostly, and maximum single-stage expansion ratio is 15.Due to the particularity of radial-inward-flow turbine structure, the difficulty that multi-level centripetal turbine realizes is very large, also seldom sees multi-level centripetal turbine system from disclosed data.Along with the requirement of inlet pressure is more and more higher, the expansion ratio of system requirements constantly increases, and single-stage radial-inward-flow turbine can not meet existing demand.Particularly gas is under high-pressure situations, working medium volume flowrate is less, the efficiency of other forms of turbo-expander is not high, and radial-inward-flow turbine still can keep very high efficiency under volume flowrate is very little, but the expansion ratio of single-stage radial-inward-flow turbine is limited, so in the urgent need to a kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system of high efficient and reliable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is open a kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system, be the multi-level centripetal turbine of novel band reheating, be that a kind of efficiency is high, operational reliability is high, operating cost is low, expansion ratio is high, can utilize in the multi-level centripetal turbine system of low temperature (calorific value).
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system, comprises radial-inward-flow turbine group, heat exchanger, generator, speed-changing gear box, valve, many rotatingshafts and many pipelines; Wherein:
Radial-inward-flow turbine group comprises multi-level centripetal turbine, the progression of radial-inward-flow turbine is 2 ~ 8 grades, how many sizes of expansion ratio of completing needed for energy conversion system of progression determine there be not level to be 1 radial-inward-flow turbine or multiple radial-inward-flow turbine, do not have two radial-inward-flow turbine corotation moving axis affixed back-to-back; Radial-inward-flow turbine at different levels interlinks through heat exchanger, many pipelines;
Many rotatingshafts are connected with speed-changing gear box respectively, and speed-changing gear box connects with main shaft, and exports shaft work by main shaft, drive electrical generators or other loads;
The thermal source of heat exchanger is for coming from environment or middle low temperature (calorific value) waste heat or solar thermal collector.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, described in it, two radial-inward-flow turbine corotation moving axis are affixed back-to-back, that first order radial-inward-flow turbine and second level radial-inward-flow turbine are affixed in back-to-back mode by rotatingshaft, it is affixed back-to-back that third level radial-inward-flow turbine and fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine pass through another rotatingshaft, by that analogy to afterbody, when progression is odd number, afterbody is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, adopts arranged in form coaxial back-to-back;
Many rotatingshafts are connected with speed-changing gear box respectively;
First order radial-inward-flow turbine by the road, heat exchanger and second level radial-inward-flow turbine interlink; Second level radial-inward-flow turbine by the road, heat exchanger and third level radial-inward-flow turbine interlink; Third level radial-inward-flow turbine by the road, heat exchanger and fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine interlink, and by that analogy to afterbody (N), air is led in the outlet of afterbody (N) radial-inward-flow turbine, or connects other equipment;
Its flow process is:
After pressurized gas are heated to uniform temperature before entering multi-level centripetal turbine, through valve, pipeline input first order radial-inward-flow turbine, heat exchanger is entered after expansion work in first order radial-inward-flow turbine, continue to enter second level radial-inward-flow turbine expansion work after improving temperature, continue again to enter third level radial-inward-flow turbine expansion work after another heat exchanger, in this way, to the last one-level turbine (N) terminates after expanding, and the shaft work that the expansion of radial-inward-flow turbine group produces is by exporting drive electrical generators or other loads by main shaft after speed-changing gear box speed change.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, the rotor of radial-inward-flow turbine described in it is open type, semi-open type or enclosed.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, pressurized gas described in it are air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, rock gas or water vapour.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, described in it, the radial-inward-flow turbine number of radial-inward-flow turbine system is even number, every two radial-inward-flow turbine Negotiation speeds coupling has identical rotational speed, adopt arranged in form coaxial back-to-back, to offset the axial force of turbo wheel, the shaft work of generation is exported by the same axis.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, pressurized gas described in it were heated before entering multi-level centripetal turbine, and the temperature of first order radial-inward-flow turbine import is between 220K ~ 973K, and inlet pressure is between 3bar ~ 340bar; The expansion ratio of multi-level centripetal turbine is between 3 ~ 340, and the exhaust pressure of afterbody (N) radial-inward-flow turbine close to normal pressure, or uses as the high-pressure air source of other equipment.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, the expansion ratio of radial-inward-flow turbine at different levels described in it is determined jointly by the axial force of the total expansion ratio of multi-level centripetal turbine and rotor, and the pressure ratio distribution of back-to-back two radial-inward-flow turbines will meet axial force and roughly balance.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, heat exchanger described in it is bushing type, shell of pipe type, jacketed type, heat accumulating type, hybrid or immerse coil pipe type, and the thermal source of heat exchanger, temperature is between 220K ~ 973K.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, thermal source described in it, for coming from environment or middle low temperature (calorific value) waste heat, is industrial waste heat, waste heat, atmosphere environment or heat-stored device.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, when afterbody described in it (N) radial-inward-flow turbine exit flow uses as low-temperature receiver, controls the temperature exported by the inlet temperature and expansion ratio regulating final stage turbine.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, the size of shaft work that main shaft described in it exports, by pressurized gas inlet flow rate and temperature, or is controlled by the temperature of multiple heat exchanger and flow.
Described multi-level centripetal turbine system, it also comprises a three-channel valve, forms three grades of radial-inward-flow turbine systems, comprises radial-inward-flow turbine group, heat exchanger, speed-changing gear box, generator, regulating valve, many rotatingshafts, many pipelines;
Second level radial-inward-flow turbine by the road, heat exchanger and three-channel valve inlet interlink, and three-channel valve two exports and interlinks with two radial-inward-flow turbines respectively, and the third level is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, outlet B, C logical air respectively of two radial-inward-flow turbines;
During operation, first order radial-inward-flow turbine is identical with front with second level radial-inward-flow turbine, difference is: the third level is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, the high-pressure air of second level radial-inward-flow turbine outlet is after heat exchanger heating, be divided into impartial two-part by triple channel valve, a part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine and enters air after expansion work, and another part enters in another radial-inward-flow turbine and enters air after expansion work, in this way, the axial force of two radial-inward-flow turbine rotors of the third level is made to offset; Main shaft exports the size of shaft work, is controlled by the flow of valve regulated high-pressure air, or by regulating the heat exchange amount of two heat exchangers to control.
When the progression of multi-level centripetal turbine system is 5 or 7, its afterbody adopts and the identical setting type of three grades of radial-inward-flow turbine system afterbodies, is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, and air-flow forms through triple channel valve and two radial-inward-flow turbines and interlinks.
The invention has the advantages that: efficiency is high, simple and compact for structure, operational reliability is high, system expansion ratio is high, be applicable to the acting of all kinds of high pressure gas expansion, there is wide prospect of the application.Environmentally friendly, can utilize in the thermal source of low temperature (calorific value), particularly for the recovery of used heat, improve resource utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system embodiment 1 structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of multi-level centripetal turbine system embodiment 2 structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a Pyatyi radial-inward-flow turbine system of the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 4 is seven grades of radial-inward-flow turbine systems of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Number in the figure:
2,6,10,14,31,32,41,42,43,44,45,46-radial-inward-flow turbine;
4,8,12,34,49,52,63-heat exchanger;
15,16,17,40,58-axle;
18-gear-box;
19-generator;
26-modulating valve;
27-three-way valve;
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,20,21,22,23,24,25,28,29,30,33,35,36,37,38,39,47,48,50,51,53,54,55,56,57,59,60,61,62,64-pipeline.
Embodiment
Multi-level centripetal turbine system of the present invention, adopts high-pressure air source expansion work step by step, until outlet pressure meets user's requirement; In utilization, low temperature (calorific value) thermal source carries out inter-stage heating, and this process can utilize used heat, waste heat, improves resource utilization; Every two radial-inward-flow turbines adopt arranged in form coaxial back-to-back, to offset the axial force of radial-inward-flow turbine; Back-to-back two radial-inward-flow turbines have identical rotating speed, and the shaft work that impeller produces is exported by the same axis; The shaft work of generation at different levels is by exporting to generator or other loads by main shaft after gear-box speed change.Due to the characteristic of radial-inward-flow turbine, the multi-level centripetal turbine system that the present invention proposes has following potential advantage:
Efficiency is high: the isentropic efficiency of single-stage radial-inward-flow turbine reaches more than 90% at present, and this system can also to the recycling of thermal source low-calorie in used heat and waste heat etc., preresearch estimates, and the efficiency of this multi-level centripetal turbine can reach more than 80%.
Simple and compact for structure: radial-inward-flow turbine of the present invention adopts form coaxial back-to-back, so not only makes the axial force of two turbine rotors offset, also makes simple and compact for structure, save space and manufacture cost.
Operational reliability is high: because this multi-level centripetal turbine system develops in the technical foundation of existing single-stage radial-inward-flow turbine, and shaft work is transmitted by gear-box, therefore the reliability of this multi-level centripetal turbine is very high.
Expansion ratio is high: if every grade of expansion ratio is 2, then the expansion ratio of 8 grades of radial-inward-flow turbines be the expansion ratio of the radial-inward-flow turbine of 216. current single-stages between 1 ~ 10, therefore this multi-level centripetal turbine can be easy to tens expansion ratios up to a hundred.
Be applicable to the acting of all kinds of high pressure gas expansion: under the condition of high pressure, the density of air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, rock gas or water vapour is large, volume is little, therefore multi-level centripetal turbine goes for the acting of all kinds of high pressure gas expansion.
The thermal source of low temperature (calorific value) in utilization: the inlet temperature of this multi-level centripetal turbine is low, reduced a lot by outlet temperature after radial-inward-flow turbine expansion work, therefore in can using low-calorie thermal source by gas reheating, the particularly used heat of industrial trade and waste heat, as cement industry, iron and steel metallurgical industry, chemical industry etc., improve the utilization ratio of the energy, reduce environmental pollution.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of multi-level centripetal turbine system embodiment 1 of the present invention.This is a level Four radial-inward-flow turbine system, comprises radial-inward-flow turbine 2,6,10,14, heat exchanger 4,8,12, speed-changing gear box 18, generator 19, regulating valve 26, axle 15,16,17, pipeline 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,20,21,22,23,24,25 and working medium air.
It is affixed back-to-back that first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 and second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 pass through axle 17, and it is affixed back-to-back that third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10 and fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 pass through axle 15.Axle 15,17 is connected with main shaft 16 by speed-changing gear box 18, and main shaft 16 is affixed with generator 19 rotating shaft.First order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 by the road 3, heat exchanger 4, pipeline 5 interlink with second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6; Second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 by the road 7, heat exchanger 8, pipeline 9 interlink with third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10; Third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10 by the road 11, heat exchanger 12, pipeline 13 interlink with fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14.Valve 26 is provided with before first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2.Heat exchanger 4,8,12 is connected with external heat source through pipeline 20,22,24.
During operation, expansion work in first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 is entered through valve 26 after high-pressure air is heated by external heat source, the temperature of turbine outlet reduces, then enter and in heat exchanger 4, make the temperature of air raise, import expansion work in second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6, the gas that second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 exports imports in heat exchanger 8 again and heats, air after heating is entering expansion work in third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10, heating in heat exchanger 12 is imported by the gas after third level expansion work, finally import expansion work in fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14, then enter in air.Shaft work on axle 17,15 passes to main shaft 16 drive electrical generators 19 by speed-changing gear box 18 and rotates.The size exporting shaft work can regulate the flow of high-pressure air to control by valve 26, also can by regulating the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 4,8,12.
Fig. 2 is three grades of radial-inward-flow turbine systems of the embodiment of the present invention 2, and its agent structure is identical with embodiment 1, only increases a three-channel valve 27.This system comprises radial-inward-flow turbine 2,6,31,32, heat exchanger 4,8, speed-changing gear box 18, generator 19, regulating valve 26, triple channel valve 27, axle 15,16,17, pipeline 1,3,5,7,20,21,22,23,28,29,30 and working medium air.
Second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 by the road 7, heat exchanger 8, pipeline 9 interlink with three-channel valve 27 entrance, three-channel valve 27 2 outlet interlinks with radial-inward-flow turbine 31, radial-inward-flow turbine 32 respectively, the third level is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 31,32, outlet B, C logical air respectively of radial-inward-flow turbine 31, radial-inward-flow turbine 32.
During operation, first order radial-inward-flow turbine is identical with embodiment 1 with second level radial-inward-flow turbine, difference is: the third level is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 31,32, the high-pressure air that second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 exports is after heat exchanger 8 heats, impartial two-part are divided into by triple channel valve 27, a part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 31 and enters air after expansion work, another part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 32 and enters air after expansion work, in this way, the axial force of two radial-inward-flow turbines 31,32 rotor of the third level is made to offset.Shaft work on axle 17,15 passes to main shaft 16 drive electrical generators 19 by speed-changing gear box 18 and rotates.The size exporting shaft work can regulate the flow of high-pressure air to control by valve 26, also can by regulating the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 4,8.
Fig. 3 is a Pyatyi radial-inward-flow turbine system of the embodiment of the present invention 3, the structural type of its front level Four is identical with embodiment 1, only increase a heat exchanger 34, three-channel valve 27 and radial-inward-flow turbine 41,42. this system comprise radial-inward-flow turbine 2,6,10,14,31,32, heat exchanger 4,8,34, speed-changing gear box 18, generator 19, regulating valve 26, triple channel valve 27, axle 15,16,17,40, pipeline 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,20,21,22,23,24,25,33,35,36,37,38,39 and working medium air.
Fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 by the road 33, heat exchanger 34, pipeline 35 interlink with three-channel valve 27 entrance, three-channel valve 27 2 outlet interlinks with radial-inward-flow turbine 31, radial-inward-flow turbine 32 respectively, level V is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 41,42, outlet B, C logical air respectively of radial-inward-flow turbine 41, radial-inward-flow turbine 42.
During operation, first order radial-inward-flow turbine is identical with embodiment 1 to fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine, difference is: level V is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 41,42, the high-pressure air that fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 exports is after heat exchanger 34 heats, impartial two-part are divided into by triple channel valve 27, a part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 41 and enters air after expansion work, another part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 42 and enters air after expansion work, in this way, the axial force of two radial-inward-flow turbines 41,42 rotor of level V is made to offset.Shaft work on axle 17,15,40 passes to main shaft 16 drive electrical generators 19 by speed-changing gear box 18 and rotates.The size exporting shaft work can regulate the flow of high-pressure air to control by valve 26, also can by regulating the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 4,8,12,34
Fig. 4 is seven grades of radial-inward-flow turbine systems of the embodiment of the present invention 4, comprise radial-inward-flow turbine 2,6,10,14,43,44,45,46, heat exchanger 4,8,12,49,52,63, speed-changing gear box 18, generator 19, regulating valve 26, triple channel valve 27, axle 15,16,17,40,58, pipeline 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,20,21,22,23,24,25,47,48,59,60,50,51,53,54,55,56,57,61,62,64 and working medium air.
It is affixed back-to-back that first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 and second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 pass through axle 17, it is affixed back-to-back that third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10 and fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 pass through axle 15, level V radial-inward-flow turbine 44 and the 6th grade of radial-inward-flow turbine 43 affixed back-to-back by axle 40,7th grade is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 45,46, affixed back-to-back by axle 58.Axle 15,17,40,58 is connected with main shaft 16 by speed-changing gear box 18, and main shaft 16 is affixed with generator 19 rotating shaft.First order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 by the road 3, heat exchanger 4, pipeline 5 interlink with second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6; Second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 by the road 7, heat exchanger 8, pipeline 9 interlink with third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10; Third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10 by the road 11, heat exchanger 12, pipeline 13 interlink with fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14; Fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 by the road 64, heat exchanger 63, pipeline 47 and level V radial-inward-flow turbine 44 phase communications and liaison; Level V radial-inward-flow turbine 44 by the road 48, heat exchanger 49, pipeline 50 and level V radial-inward-flow turbine 43 phase communications and liaison; 6th grade of radial-inward-flow turbine 43 by the road 51, heat exchanger 52, pipeline 53 interlink with three-channel valve 27 entrance, three-channel valve 27 2 outlet interlinks with radial-inward-flow turbine 45, radial-inward-flow turbine 46 respectively, 7th grade is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines 45,46, outlet B, C logical air respectively of radial-inward-flow turbine 45, radial-inward-flow turbine 46.Valve 26 is provided with before first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2.Heat exchanger 4,8,12,49,52,63 is connected with external heat source through pipeline 20,22,24,59,56,61.
During operation, expansion work in first order radial-inward-flow turbine 2 is entered through valve 26 after high-pressure air is heated by external heat source, the temperature of turbine outlet reduces, then enter and in heat exchanger 4, make the temperature of air raise, import expansion work in second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6, the gas that second level radial-inward-flow turbine 6 exports imports heating in heat exchanger 8, air after heating is entering expansion work in third level radial-inward-flow turbine 10, heating in heat exchanger 12 is imported by the gas after third level expansion work, import expansion work in fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14, the gas that fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine 14 exports imports heating in heat exchanger 63, air after heating is entering expansion work in level V radial-inward-flow turbine 44, the gas that level V radial-inward-flow turbine 44 exports imports heating in heat exchanger 49, air after heating is entering expansion work in the 6th grade of radial-inward-flow turbine 43, the high-pressure air of the 6th grade of radial-inward-flow turbine 43 outlet is after heat exchanger 52 heats, impartial two-part are divided into by triple channel valve 27, a part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 45 and enters air after expansion work, another part enters in radial-inward-flow turbine 46 and enters air after expansion work, in this way, make two radial-inward-flow turbines 45 of the 7th grade, the axial force of 46 rotors is offset.Then enter in air.Shaft work on axle 17,15,40,58 passes to main shaft 16 drive electrical generators 19 by speed-changing gear box 18 and rotates.The size exporting shaft work can regulate the flow of high-pressure air to control by valve 26, also can by regulating the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger 4,8,12,49,52,63.
Claims (10)
1. a multi-level centripetal turbine system, comprises radial-inward-flow turbine group, heat exchanger, generator, speed-changing gear box, valve, many axles and many pipelines; It is characterized in that:
Radial-inward-flow turbine group comprises multi-level centripetal turbine, the progression of radial-inward-flow turbine is 2 ~ 8 grades, and how many sizes of expansion ratio of completing needed for energy conversion system of progression determine, every grade is 1 radial-inward-flow turbine, or multiple radial-inward-flow turbine, every two radial-inward-flow turbine corotation moving axis are affixed back-to-back; Radial-inward-flow turbine at different levels interlinks through heat exchanger, many pipelines;
Many rotatingshafts are connected with speed-changing gear box (18) respectively, and speed-changing gear box (18) same to main shaft (16) connects, and export shaft work by main shaft (16), drive electrical generators (19) or other loads;
The thermal source of heat exchanger is for coming from environment, middle-low temperature heat or solar thermal collector.
2. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described every two radial-inward-flow turbine corotation moving axis are affixed back-to-back, that first order radial-inward-flow turbine (2) and second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6) are affixed in back-to-back mode by rotatingshaft (17), third level radial-inward-flow turbine (10) and fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine (14) affixed back-to-back by rotatingshaft (15), by that analogy to afterbody, when progression is odd number, afterbody is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, adopts arranged in form coaxial back-to-back;
Many rotatingshafts (15,17......) are connected with speed-changing gear box (18) respectively;
First order radial-inward-flow turbine (2) by the road (3), heat exchanger (4), pipeline (5) interlinks with second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6); Second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6) by the road (7), heat exchanger (8), pipeline (9) interlinks with third level radial-inward-flow turbine (10); Third level radial-inward-flow turbine (10) by the road (11), heat exchanger (12), pipeline (13) interlinks with fourth stage radial-inward-flow turbine (14), by that analogy to afterbody (N), air is led in the outlet of afterbody (N) radial-inward-flow turbine, or connects other equipment;
Its flow process is:
After pressurized gas are heated to uniform temperature before entering multi-level centripetal turbine, through valve (26), pipeline (1) input first order radial-inward-flow turbine (2), heat exchanger (4) is entered after expansion work in first order radial-inward-flow turbine (2), continue to enter second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6) expansion work after improving temperature, continue again to enter third level radial-inward-flow turbine (10) expansion work after heat exchanger (8), in this way, to the last one-level turbine (N) terminates after expanding, the shaft work that the expansion of radial-inward-flow turbine group produces is by exporting drive electrical generators (19) or other loads by main shaft (16) after speed-changing gear box (18) speed change.
3. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rotor of described radial-inward-flow turbine, is open type, semi-open type or enclosed.
4. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described pressurized gas, is air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, rock gas or water vapour.
5. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the radial-inward-flow turbine number of described multi-level centripetal turbine system is even number, every two radial-inward-flow turbine Negotiation speeds coupling has identical rotational speed, adopt arranged in form coaxial back-to-back, to offset the axial force of turbo wheel, the shaft work of generation is exported by the same axis.
6. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pressurized gas were heated before entering multi-level centripetal turbine, the temperature of first order radial-inward-flow turbine (2) import is between 220K ~ 973K, and inlet pressure is between 3bar ~ 340bar; The expansion ratio of multi-level centripetal turbine is between 3 ~ 340, and the exhaust pressure of afterbody (N) radial-inward-flow turbine close to normal pressure, or uses as the high-pressure air source of other equipment.
7. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat exchanger, is bushing type, shell of pipe type, jacketed type, heat accumulating type, hybrid or immerse coil pipe type, and the thermal source of heat exchanger, temperature is between 220K ~ 973K.
8. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermal source, for coming from environment or middle-low temperature heat, is industrial waste heat, waste heat, atmosphere environment or heat-stored device.
9. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise a three-channel valve (27), form three grades of radial-inward-flow turbine systems, comprise radial-inward-flow turbine group (2,6,31,32), heat exchanger (4,8), speed-changing gear box (18), generator (19), regulating valve (26), rotatingshaft (15,16,17), pipeline (1,3,5,7,20,21,22,23,28,29,30):
Second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6) by the road (7), heat exchanger (8), pipeline (29) interlinks with three-channel valve (27) entrance, two outlets of three-channel valve (27) interlink with two radial-inward-flow turbines (31,32) respectively, the third level is made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines (31,32), and outlet B, C of the first radial-inward-flow turbine (31), the second radial-inward-flow turbine (32) lead to air respectively or use as the high-pressure air source of other equipment;
During operation, first order radial-inward-flow turbine is identical with front with second level radial-inward-flow turbine, difference is: the third level is by two radial-inward-flow turbines (31, 32) form, the high-pressure air that second level radial-inward-flow turbine (6) exports is after heat exchanger (8) heating, impartial two-part are divided into by triple channel valve (27), a part enters in the first radial-inward-flow turbine (31) and enters air after expansion work, another part enters in the second radial-inward-flow turbine (32) and enters air after expansion work, in this way, make two radial-inward-flow turbines (31 of the third level, 32) axial force of rotor is offset, export the size of shaft work, regulate the flow of high-pressure air to control by valve (26), or by regulating the heat exchange amount of heat exchanger (4,8) to control.
10. multi-level centripetal turbine system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: when the progression of multi-level centripetal turbine system is 5 or 7, its afterbody adopts the identical setting type with three grades of radial-inward-flow turbine system afterbodies, be made up of two radial-inward-flow turbines, air-flow forms through triple channel valve and two radial-inward-flow turbines and interlinks.
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| GB2509740A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-16 | Dearman Engine Company Ltd | Cryogenic engine combined with a power generator |
| CN104047646B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | There is the gear-box of two split and the integrated expansion unit of multistage turbine |
| CN104632308B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-01-11 | 西安交通大学 | Compact turbine machine device based on supercritical carbon dioxide Bretton circulation |
| CN107965355A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of combination power device |
| CN110017174A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-16 | 长兴永能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of parallel connection double end difference exhaust centripetal turbine |
| CN109611162A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-04-12 | 北京康吉森节能环保技术有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving steam turbine power generation unit to be generated electricity using low-pressure saturated steam |
| KR20210006166A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-18 | 한화파워시스템 주식회사 | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Engine |
| CN114251136A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Compression expansion type energy storage system and energy storage control method |
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