CN102746901A - Two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system - Google Patents
Two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102746901A CN102746901A CN2012102449707A CN201210244970A CN102746901A CN 102746901 A CN102746901 A CN 102746901A CN 2012102449707 A CN2012102449707 A CN 2012102449707A CN 201210244970 A CN201210244970 A CN 201210244970A CN 102746901 A CN102746901 A CN 102746901A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vaporizer
- pyrolysis
- gas
- gasification
- chamber
- Prior art date
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000002994 raw materials Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resins Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resins Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid wastes Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textiles Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention relates to a two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system. The system comprises a rotary cage type drying chamber, a pyrolysis chamber, a carbon powder spraying tube, a gasification chamber, a fuel gas purifying heat exchange chamber, and a fuel gas transmission pipeline for providing heat energy to the drying chamber and providing combustion materials to the gasification chamber, wherein the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a fuel gas output pipeline; the output pipeline is communicated with the fuel gas transmission pipeline; the fuel gas purifying heat exchange chamber is connected on the lower part of the gasification chamber; the first output end of the fuel gas purifying heat exchange chamber is connected with the vapour spraying tube, and the second output end is connected with a fuel gas collector; and the other end of the vapour spraying tube is connected with the top part of the gasification chamber. The two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system clearly separates the pyrolysis process stage and the gasification process stage; combustible gas and waste heat generated in the pyrolysis process are used for pyrolysis, gasification and drying; and pure fuel gas with high value generated by gasification is recycled independently, so that harmless treatment and overall cyclic utilization of the garbage are achieved, and the like; moreover, the materials are self-treated, the energy consumption and cost are reduced to the lowest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of new energies and technology of garbage disposal field, be specifically related to a kind of two-part pyrolytic gasification system that is used for organic waste energy recovery such as plant refuse, domestic refuse and plastics.
Background technology
Plant is sun power is stored in the earth with the chemical energy source mode an a kind of temporary body; Show as with various carbon structural materials is master's various forms; Therefore contain a large amount of renewable energy sources in the plant refuse; If can recycle with reliable means, can be the solution global energy crisis and make major contribution.The organic waste overwhelming majority such as plastics, rubber, various types of resins goods are petroleum chemicals, are the propolis product on a small quantity, wherein comprise a large amount of recyclable energy, also need recycle with reliable means.Complicated component in the domestic refuse wherein comprises composition, resinous principles etc. such as plant-animal composition, plastic waste composition, textiles composition, plant derivation article such as paper, and is visible, wherein also contains a large amount of energy goods and materials.For plant refuse, petroleum chemicals waste, if there is not the reliable treatment way, can cause serious environmental to pollute equally, stay serious leaving a legacy of trouble to society.Present situation according to China is present is summed up; The real treatment technology that is fit to Chinese domestic refuse, plant refuse, petrochemical industry products waste should have following characteristics: first; The project construction cost is low; Outside state investment was helped, the investment of project construction shortcoming was not high, and local finance or investor can bear; The second, can thoroughly realize the harmless treatment of solid waste and the zero release in the treating processes; The 3rd, reclaim the energy and available carbon resource to greatest extent, project meets industry policies such as national renewable energy source, recycling economy; The 4th, handle waste with waste self, processing costs is low, and resource utilization degree is high, and the processing bounty that can not rely on government is independently survived and is developed.The present invention both had been based on that above-mentioned prerequisite carries out.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention need solve provides and a kind ofly can from plant refuse, petroleum chemicals waste, domestic refuse, reclaim renewable energy source and carbon resource, invests relatively low two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
Two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system comprises the rotating cage type kiln, pyrolysis chamber, carbon dust jet pipe, vaporizer and the gas-purification Heat Room that connect successively, is provided with gasifier in the vaporizer; It is characterized in that: comprise also being used for dry heat energy being provided and being used for providing the combustion gas transmission pipeline of combustion material that said pyrolysis chamber is provided with the combustion gas output channel, this output channel and combustion gas transmission pipeline UNICOM to vaporizer to kiln; Said carbon dust jet pipe one end connects the pyrolysis chamber; The other end connects the vaporizer top; The vaporizer bottom connects the gas-purification Heat Room, and the gas-purification Heat Room has two output terminals, and the output of first output terminal connects the water vapour jet pipe; Second output terminal connects combustion header, and the said water vapour jet pipe the other end connects the vaporizer top.
During said system works: material is at first sent into the rotating cage type kiln, with hot blast and radiant baking mode material is carried out fluidized drying, is dried to material water ratio and is lower than 10%; Dried material sent into through mechanical transfer carry out pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber; The gas that produces after the pyrolysis is handled through the water washing cleaning mode; Ammonia, stink damp and the hydrocyanic acid gas and the water vapour that produce remain in the washing pool, and inflammable gas is transported to and supplies rotating cage type kiln, self burner, vaporizer burner to use in the combustion gas transmission pipeline; Carbon dust that produces after the pyrolysis and high carbon content polymer powder are transported in the carbon dust jet pipe through the spiral transmission equipment continuously; Carbon dust jet pipe and water vapour jet pipe converge at the vaporizer top, and carbon dust mixing water steam sprays into vaporizer, and keeping in the vaporizer is the anoxybiotic state; The combustion gas that gasification produces at first gets into the gas-purification Heat Room and purifies also heat exchange production water vapour, and moisture vapor transport is returned the use of vaporizer air feed, and after gas washing purified heat exchange, combustion gas was pooled to the combustion header storage.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) said system clearly separates two operation stages of pyrolysis and gasification; The special heat supply of inflammable gas that in pyrolytic process, produces and waste heat is separated, gasification and furnace charge are dry uses; The pure combustion gas that high temperature anoxic condition gasified produces is then reclaimed separately; The recycling that improves combustion gas is worth; Efficiently solve the existing not high problem of one-part form pyrolytic gasification system fuel gases calorific value,, realized the harmless treatment and the overall circulation utilization of plant refuse, petroleum chemicals waste and domestic refuse organic composition through the design of native system;
(2) behind the dry materials in low thermophase generation thermo-cracking; Product is divided into solid and gas two portions; Gas part staple is all kinds of inflammable gass, incombustible gas and water vapour etc.; Inflammable gas mainly is compositions such as methane, ethene, ethane, ethanol, propyl alcohol, carbon monoxide, and gas yield is about about 20% of combustible material total amount; Solid part mainly is the organic polymer of carbon dust and high carbon content; With the thermal source of this part gas as pyrolytic gasification, enough satisfy the energy demand of pyrolytic gasification, realized purpose with material self material handling, energy consumption and cost are reduced to minimum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system embodiment synoptic diagram according to the invention.
Embodiment
In order to let those skilled in the art can understand technical scheme of the present invention better, the present invention is done further elaboration below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1; Two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system of the present invention; Comprise the materials crusher 1, rotating cage type kiln 2, pyrolysis chamber 4, carbon dust jet pipe 6, vaporizer 7 and the gas-purification Heat Room 10 that connect successively; Be provided with gasifier 9 in the vaporizer 7, also comprise being used for dry heat energy being provided and being used for providing the combustion gas transmission pipeline 3 and 5 of combustion material to vaporizer to kiln.Pyrolysis chamber 4 is provided with the combustion gas output channel, this output channel and combustion gas transmission pipeline 3 and 5 UNICOMs; Carbon dust jet pipe 6 one ends connect pyrolysis chamber 4; The other end connects vaporizer 7 tops; Vaporizer 7 bottoms connect gas-purification Heat Room 10, and the gas-purification Heat Room has two output terminals, and the output of first output terminal connects water vapour jet pipe 8; Second output terminal connects combustion header 11, and the water vapour jet pipe the other end connects vaporizer 7 tops.4 tops also are provided with interchanger in the pyrolysis chamber, on the housing of vaporizer 7, also are provided with interchanger, and these interchanger can adopt air blast and water-cooling pattern to reclaim heat energy, for the rotating cage type kiln provides hot blast, are used for dry materials.
Said system works method is following:
1. adopt earlier materials crusher that material is crushed to the granularity of 1-5mm, material is transferred to the rotating cage type kiln through the spiral transmission equipment.
2. after material was sent into the rotating cage type kiln, control rotating cage type kiln working temperature was 120 ℃, with hot blast and radiant baking mode material is carried out fluidized drying, is dried to material water ratio and is lower than 10%; This hot blast derives from the heat energy that follow-up pyrolytic gasification two places reclaim.
3. dried material is sent into through mechanical transfer and carried out pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber, pyrolysis chamber's temperature is controlled to be 350-400 ℃.The pyrolytic principle is roughly:
The gas that produces after the pyrolysis is handled through the water washing cleaning mode; Ammonia, stink damp and the hydrocyanic acid gas and the water vapour that produce remain in the washing pool, and inflammable gas is transported to and supplies rotating cage type kiln, self burner, vaporizer burner to use in the combustion gas transmission pipeline; Carbon dust that produces after the pyrolysis and high carbon content polymer powder are transported in the carbon dust jet pipe through the spiral transmission equipment continuously.
4. carbon dust jet pipe and water vapour jet pipe converge at the vaporizer top, and carbon dust mixing water steam sprays into vaporizer, and keeping in the vaporizer is the anoxybiotic state, and the gasifier temperature is controlled at 750-800 ℃ in the vaporizer.On the surface of gasifier 9 of burning red heat, water vapour and carbon dust generation hydration reaction, reaction formula is: 3C+2H 2O---CH 4+ 2CO generates methane and carbon monoxide, and pressure is a little more than normal pressure, to guarantee combustion gas output in the reaction.Generally speaking, 1 ton of water ratio is lower than 10% plant material can produce the combustion gas about 1200 cubic metres, and fuel gases calorific value is about 4000-4300 kilocalories/m 3, wherein the volume ratio of methane is 1/3, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide is 2/3, and gasification efficiency is very high.The residue after gasifying carbon content generally can reach more than 50%; Output is 10-12% of plant material total amount; Can be used as soil improvement agent and solve the serious problems of domestic present soil depletion, also can be used as the raw material and the WWT of producing the high-carbon fertilizer and use the activated carbon filtration agent.During gasification, can adjust gasification degree at random according to the needs of work purpose, with the combustion gas of regulation and control generation and the ratio of breeze.
5. the pure combustion gas of gasification generation at first gets into the gas-purification Heat Room and purifies also heat exchange production water vapour, and moisture vapor transport is returned the use of vaporizer air feed, and after gas washing purified heat exchange, combustion gas was pooled to the combustion header storage.
According to experiment statistics; The pyrolytic gasification that adopts system according to the invention to carry out plant refuse is handled, and getting into pyrolytic gasification system implants waste water cut is 40%, and dried plant refuse total amount is 70% of a former weight; Pyrolysis weight loss 20%; Carbon dust class material total is 56% of a former weight after the pyrolysis, and vaporization rate is 90%, and primordial plant waste per ton can produce 4000 kilocalories/m only 3Combustion gas 940m 3, reclaim 3,760,000 kilocalories of total heating values, use the combustion gas steam turbine power generation, the generating efficiency of turbine is 35%, the actual power 1530kw.h of system.It is thus clear that pyrolytic gasification treatment system technique effect according to the invention is good, economic benefit is high, flexibility is strong, can realize the maximum recycling of renewable energy source, invests also relatively low.
The not concrete part of introducing all can adopt mature technology means of the prior art among the present invention, repeats no more at this.
The above-mentioned more excellent embodiment of the present invention that is merely; Under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; Those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system comprises the rotating cage type kiln, pyrolysis chamber, carbon dust jet pipe, vaporizer and the gas-purification Heat Room that connect successively, is provided with gasifier in the vaporizer; It is characterized in that: comprise also being used for dry heat energy being provided and being used for providing the combustion gas transmission pipeline of combustion material that said pyrolysis chamber is provided with the combustion gas output channel, this output channel and combustion gas transmission pipeline UNICOM to vaporizer to kiln; Said carbon dust jet pipe one end connects the pyrolysis chamber; The other end connects the vaporizer top; The vaporizer bottom connects the gas-purification Heat Room, and the gas-purification Heat Room has two output terminals, and the output of first output terminal connects the water vapour jet pipe; Second output terminal connects combustion header, and the said water vapour jet pipe the other end connects the vaporizer top;
During said system works, material is at first sent into the rotating cage type kiln, with hot blast and radiant baking mode material is carried out fluidized drying, is dried to material water ratio and is lower than 10%;
Dried material sent into through mechanical transfer carry out pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber; The gas that produces after the pyrolysis is handled through the water washing cleaning mode; Ammonia, stink damp and the hydrocyanic acid gas and the water vapour that produce remain in the washing pool, and inflammable gas is transported to and supplies rotating cage type kiln, self burner, vaporizer burner to use in the combustion gas transmission pipeline; Carbon dust that produces after the pyrolysis and high carbon content polymer powder are transported in the carbon dust jet pipe through the spiral transmission equipment continuously;
Carbon dust jet pipe and water vapour jet pipe converge at the vaporizer top, and carbon dust mixing water steam sprays into vaporizer, and keeping in the vaporizer is the anoxybiotic state;
The combustion gas that gasification produces at first gets into the gas-purification Heat Room and purifies also heat exchange production water vapour, and moisture vapor transport is returned the use of vaporizer air feed, and after gas washing purified heat exchange, combustion gas was pooled to the combustion header storage.
2. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise materials crusher, said materials crusher is connected with the rotating cage type kiln; At materials crusher material is crushed to the granularity of 1-5mm, material is transferred to the rotating cage type kiln through the spiral transmission equipment.
3. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: be provided with interchanger at the top, pyrolysis chamber; On the housing of vaporizer, also be provided with interchanger; Said interchanger adopts air blast and water-cooling pattern to reclaim heat energy, for the rotating cage type kiln provides hot blast, is used for dry materials.
4. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said rotating cage type kiln working temperature is 120 ℃.
5. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said pyrolysis chamber temperature is controlled to be 350-400 ℃.
6. two-part pyrolytic gasification treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gasifier temperature is controlled at 750-800 ℃ in the said vaporizer.
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| CN2012102449707A CN102746901A (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system |
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| CN2012102449707A CN102746901A (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2012-07-16 | Two-stage type pyrolysis and gasification treatment system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104593083A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-06 | 南京师范大学 | Novel biomass step-by-step gasification method and device |
| CN105636914A (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2016-06-01 | 艾尼股份公司 | Waste sludge incinerator using pyrolysis and gasification, and relative process |
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