CN102744547A - Pressing tool for assembling truck body - Google Patents
Pressing tool for assembling truck body Download PDFInfo
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- CN102744547A CN102744547A CN2012102589276A CN201210258927A CN102744547A CN 102744547 A CN102744547 A CN 102744547A CN 2012102589276 A CN2012102589276 A CN 2012102589276A CN 201210258927 A CN201210258927 A CN 201210258927A CN 102744547 A CN102744547 A CN 102744547A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressing tool for assembling a truck body. The pressing tool comprises an upright device, a pressing hook, a jack device and a workpiece locating device, wherein the upright device comprises uprights and bases, which are positioned on the two sides; the top ends of the uprights are provided with anti-rebound devices; guide devices and lug seats are arranged on the inner sides of the uprights; cylinders are arranged on the outer sides of the uprights; connecting devices matched with the guide devices are arranged on the inner sides of the guide devices; upper ends of the connecting devices are hinged with pressing hooks; pin holes and pin shafts I are arranged on the lug seats; the pin holes are matched with the pin shafts I; force amplifying levers, which rotate relative to the pin shafts I, are arranged on the pin shafts I; upper long circular holes and lower long circular holes are respectively formed in two ends of the force amplifying levers, wherein the upper long circular holes are hinged with connecting holes at lower ends of the connecting devices by pin shafts II; the lower long circular holes are hinged with connecting holes on end part joints of cylinder piston rods by pin shafts III; jack devices and workpiece locating devices are arranged on the inner sides of lower ends of the uprights; and the bases of the uprights, bottom surfaces of the jack devices and bottom surfaces of the workpiece locating devices are respectively connected with foundation embedded plates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the railway freight-car technical field, relate in particular to truck body assembling that open-top car, hopper wagon etc. are made up of underframe, side wall and headwall with compressing frock.
Background technology
Truck body is made up of underframe, side wall and headwall etc., and car body when assembling must impose severe pressure on underframe lower end and side wall in order to make side wall and underframe closely connected and the assurance group is accurate to size.Design the jack device of suitable lifting capacity in the underframe lower end, jack makes the car body run-off the straight easily when making progress the top underframe for this reason, makes side wall and underframe closely connected again for preventing the car body run-off the straight, must apply corresponding pressure in the side wall upper end and compress side wall downwards.Prior art is: adopt cantilever support in the side wall upper end; On cantilever support, hang a jack, forward cantilever to operating position during work, make jack compress curb girder downwards by manual adjustment; This mode is operated very inconvenient; The workman must stand in the column upper end, is inwardly visiting the body operation, and is very dangerous.Hold down gag adopts oil gear simultaneously, and its shortcoming is: devices such as a cover oil pump station, oil cylinder, pipeline, joint must be arranged, and this covering device very easily produces oil leakage phenomenon, the welding slag that splashes in the welding place is fallen breaking out of fire easily on the pasta that is leaked; Because leakage of oil, welding slag is difficult for sweeping, and causes working environment very poor, and the oil gear cost of manufacture is high more a lot of than pneumatic means.The employing electric clamping device that also has, its shortcoming is: because the strength of bounce-back causes the anti-strength of motor and electric pushrod very greatly easily, motor is damaged.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly for the employing cantilever support that solves the prior art existence, leans on the manual adjustment jack to compress curb girder downwards; Inconvenient operation, dangerous; It is higher than pneumatic means to adopt oil gear to be prone to produce leakage of oil, easy breaking out of fire and cost of manufacture, and the problem that the electric clamping device motor damages easily; Provide a kind of truck body assembling with compressing frock; Have simple in structurely, easy to assembly, simple to operate, reliability is high, and the advantage that cost of manufacture is low can conveniently realize the hold down gag of plurality of specifications workpiece assembling, side wall and underframe is closely connected and the position of assembling is accurate when guaranteeing side wall with the underframe assembling.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of truck body assembling comprises stand column device with compressing frock, compresses hook; Jack device, Working piece positioning device, stand column device comprises the column and the base of both sides; Column is connected with base, and said column top is provided with anti-rebounding device, and the column inner top side is provided with guider; The column inboard is provided with the ear seat, and the column outside is provided with the cylinder seat board, and the cylinder seat board is provided with cylinder; The guider inboard is provided with the jockey that is mated, said jockey upper end with compress hook and be hinged; The ear seat is provided with pin-and-hole and the bearing pin I that matches; The bearing pin I is provided with and its boosting lever in relative rotation; The two ends of boosting lever are respectively equipped with slotted hole, following slotted hole; The connecting hole of wherein going up slotted hole and jockey lower end is hinged through the bearing pin II, and the connecting hole on following slotted hole and the cylinder piston rod end-fitting is hinged through the bearing pin III; The column lower end inboard is provided with jack device, Working piece positioning device, and the bottom surface of the base of column, the bottom surface of jack device, Working piece positioning device is connected with basic embedded board respectively, and basic embedded board and ground level are in same plane.
The said hook that compresses comprises connecting portion, gib head, the balancing weight that is connected, and is respectively equipped with stiffener in the connecting portion both sides, and the cross section of connecting portion is cross structure, and connecting portion cooperates with the inwall of guider.
Said anti-rebounding device comprises two risers and a base plate, and base plate is connected with column through bolt.
Said balancing weight lower end is provided with the circular arc I, and the upper end of anti-rebounding device riser is provided with the circular arc II, and the circular arc I of balancing weight lower end cooperates with the upper end circular arc II of anti-rebounding device riser.
Said guider is that four sheet material assembly weldings, inside are the box-structure of cavity; Interior sheet material wherein is connected with the column inner top side through bolt; The height and position of interior sheet material at the top is lower than the position of other sheet material, and four inwalls of box-structure are that cross connecting portion cooperates with the cross section.
Sheet material assembly welding structure, upper pin seat and downside pin axle bed in the middle of said jockey comprises; The cross section of middle sheet material assembly welding structure is cross; The base plate of the base plate of the outer face of cross section, upper pin seat, downside pin axle bed all cooperates with the inwall of guider and moves up and down in guider along inwall; The upper pin seat is hinged with the connecting portion that compresses hook, and downside pin axle bed and boosting lever are hinged.
Said workpiece mounting and positioning device comprises locating surface, positioning seat, and the locating surface lower end is connected with positioning seat through bolt, and positioning seat is connected with basic embedded board.Positioning seat is the I-steel weldment.
Said stand column device is the frame structure of I-steel section bar welding.
Said cylinder is a foot rest formula cylinder, and foot rest is connected with column through bolt.
Said jack device comprises screw jack and jack pad assembly.
Operation principle of the present invention: the present invention includes stand column device, compress hook, jack device; Working piece positioning device, stand column device comprise the column and the base of both sides, and column is connected with base; Said column top is provided with anti-rebounding device, and the column inner top side is provided with guider, and the column inboard is provided with the ear seat; The column outside is provided with the cylinder seat board, and the cylinder seat board is provided with cylinder; The guider inboard is provided with the jockey that is mated, said jockey upper end with compress hook and be hinged; The ear seat is provided with pin-and-hole and the bearing pin I that matches; The bearing pin I is provided with and its boosting lever in relative rotation; The two ends of boosting lever are respectively equipped with slotted hole, following slotted hole; The connecting hole of wherein going up slotted hole and jockey lower end is hinged through the bearing pin II, and the connecting hole on following slotted hole and the cylinder piston rod end-fitting is hinged through the bearing pin III; The column lower end inboard is provided with jack device, Working piece positioning device, and the bottom surface of the base of column, the bottom surface of jack device, Working piece positioning device is connected with basic embedded board respectively, and basic embedded board and ground level are in same plane.
The said hook that compresses comprises connecting portion, gib head, the balancing weight that is connected, and is respectively equipped with stiffener in the connecting portion both sides, and the cross section of connecting portion is cross structure, and connecting portion cooperates with the inwall of guider.Connecting portion play the guiding role in guider; Gib head is used for workpiece pressing; The balancing weight outside cooperates with the facade of anti-rebounding device riser; Assurance compresses hook and moves up and down smoothly; During workpiece pressing, the pressure of bottom jack passes to through workpiece and compresses hook, is delivered to anti-rebounding device through the balancing weight that compresses on the hook again; Prevent to compress upwards bounce-back of hook, guarantee that workpiece assembly welding position is accurate.
Said anti-rebounding device comprises two risers and a base plate, and base plate is connected with column through bolt.Pressure with bounce-back when compressing the hook workpiece pressing passes to two risers through the balancing weight that compresses on the hook; Position when these two risers can guarantee the workpiece assembly welding is accurate; And enough intensity is arranged, can withstand the strength of bounce-back, can also guarantee to compress the hook smooth opening.
Said balancing weight lower end is provided with the circular arc I, and the upper end of anti-rebounding device riser is provided with the circular arc II, and the circular arc I of balancing weight lower end cooperates with the upper end circular arc II of anti-rebounding device riser.The circular arc at two places cooperates, and guarantees that compressing hook moves up and down smoothly, during workpiece pressing; The pressure of bottom jack passes to through workpiece and compresses hook; Be delivered to anti-rebounding device through the balancing weight that compresses on the hook again, prevent to compress upwards bounce-back of hook, guarantee that better workpiece assembly welding position is accurate.
Said guider is that four sheet material assembly weldings, inside are the box-structure of cavity; Interior sheet material wherein is connected with the column inner top side through bolt; The height and position of interior sheet material at the top is lower than the position of other sheet material, and four inwalls of box-structure are that cross connecting portion cooperates with the cross section.Four inwalls of box-structure all play guide effect, and the height and position of interior sheet material is low, be convenient to compress hook opens.
Sheet material assembly welding structure, upper pin seat and downside pin axle bed in the middle of said jockey comprises; The cross section of middle sheet material assembly welding structure is cross; The base plate of the base plate of the outer face of cross section, upper pin seat, downside pin axle bed all cooperates with the inwall of guider and moves up and down in guider along inwall; The upper pin seat is hinged with the connecting portion that compresses hook, and downside pin axle bed and boosting lever are hinged.
During assembling, the underframe with car body is placed on the workpiece mounting and positioning device earlier, and the side wall with car body is placed on the underframe again; Open the manual rotary valve of cylinder, cylinder piston rod stretches out, through boosting lever, jockey, compress hook side wall is pressed to underframe; The balancing weight that compresses hook props up on the riser of anti-rebounding device, and hold down gag at this moment can guarantee the Precise Installation Position of side wall, because the amount of deflection of side wall, underframe generation itself; Make to produce the gap between side wall and the underframe, closely connected in order to guarantee side wall and underframe, the lifting power in the underframe lower end through jack device; Underframe is upwards pushed up, make underframe remove the side wall that reclines, carry out assembly welding; When underframe is upwards pushed up; Anti-rebounding device has played and has guaranteed to compress the constant effect of hook compacted position, is about to compress hook as a kind of fixing positioner, makes the product precision of assembling that guarantee arranged.After assembling is accomplished, with the jack return of underframe lower end, the manual rotary valve of rotation cylinder; Cylinder piston rod is regained; Make through boosting lever, jockey to compress hook and rise, when the balancing weight lower end that compresses hook rises to the upper end of the riser that is higher than anti-rebounding device, compress hook and open automatically; Balancing weight lower end cunning leans against on the riser inclined-plane of anti-rebounding device, and workpiece is hung out.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. adopt and compress hook part, wherein connecting portion play the guiding role in guider, and gib head is used for workpiece pressing; The balancing weight outside cooperates with the facade of anti-rebounding device riser; Assurance compresses hook and moves up and down smoothly, prevents to compress upwards bounce-back of hook, and workpiece assembly welding position is accurate;
2. adopt anti-rebounding device intensity high, can withstand the strength of bounce-back, can guarantee to compress the hook smooth opening;
3. adopt balancing weight to guarantee that compressing hook moves up and down smoothly; The pressure of bottom jack is delivered to through workpiece and compresses hook during workpiece pressing; Be delivered to anti-rebounding device through the balancing weight that compresses on the hook again, prevent to compress upwards bounce-back of hook, guarantee that better workpiece assembly welding position is accurate;
4. employing guider, four inwalls of box-structure all play guide effect, and the height and position of interior sheet material at the top is lower than the position of other sheet material, is convenient to compress hook and opens;
5. adopt hold down gag, guaranteed the accuracy of package size, reached the effect that compresses of big active force with little active force with anti-rebounding device, reached compress be hooked in compress, carrying out smoothly when opening, no catching phenomenon;
6. simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, safe and reliable, cost of manufacture is low, is particularly useful for the big pressure of large-scale workpiece needs and compresses assembling procedure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention compresses the hook structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is an anti-rebounding device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is a jockey structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a guider structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8;
Among the figure, 1. compress hook, 2. anti-rebounding device, 3. guider, 4. jockey, 5. boosting lever; 6. cylinder, 7. stand column device, 8. jack device, 9. Working piece positioning device, 10. truck body, 11. columns; 12. basic embedded board, 13. ear seats, 14. bearing pin I, 15. bearing pin II, 16. bearing pin III, 17. connecting portions; 18. gib head, 19. balancing weights, 20. stiffeners, 21. risers, 22. base plates, 23. upper pin seats; 24. sheet material assembly welding structure, 25. downside pin axle beds, 26. circular arc II, 27. circular arc I, 28. interior sheet materials.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instance the present invention is further specified.
A kind of truck body assembling in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 9, comprises stand column device 7 with compressing frock, compresses hook 1; Jack device 8, Working piece positioning device 9, stand column device 7 comprises the column 11 and the base of both sides; Column 11 is connected with base, and said column 11 tops are provided with anti-rebounding device 2, and column 11 inner top side are provided with guider 3; Column 11 inboards are provided with ear seat 13, and column 11 outsides are provided with the cylinder seat board, and the cylinder seat board is provided with cylinder 6; Guider 3 inboards are provided with the jockey 4 that is mated, said jockey 4 upper ends with compress hook 1 and be hinged; Ear seat 13 is provided with pin-and-hole and the bearing pin I 14 that matches; Bearing pin I 14 is provided with and its boosting lever 5 in relative rotation; The two ends of boosting lever 5 are respectively equipped with slotted hole, following slotted hole; The connecting hole of wherein going up slotted hole and jockey 4 lower ends is hinged through bearing pin II 15, and the connecting hole on following slotted hole and the cylinder piston rod end-fitting is hinged through bearing pin III 16; Inboard, column 11 lower end is provided with jack device 8, Working piece positioning device 9, and the bottom surface of the base of column 11, jack device 8, the bottom surface of Working piece positioning device 9 are connected with basic embedded board 12 respectively, and basic embedded board 12 and ground level are in same plane.
The said hook 1 that compresses comprises connecting portion 17, gib head 18, the balancing weight 19 that is connected, and is respectively equipped with stiffener 20 in the connecting portion both sides, and the cross section of connecting portion 17 is cross structure, and connecting portion 17 cooperates with the inwall of guider 3.Connecting portion 17 play the guiding role in guider 3; Gib head 18 is used for workpiece pressing; Balancing weight 19 outsides cooperate with the facade of anti-rebounding device riser 21; Assurance compresses hook 1 and moves up and down smoothly; During workpiece pressing, the pressure of bottom jack is delivered to through workpiece and compresses hook 1, is delivered to anti-rebounding device 2 through the balancing weight 19 that compresses on the hook 1 again; Prevent to compress upwards bounce-back of hook 1, guarantee that workpiece assembly welding position is accurate.
Said anti-rebounding device 2 comprises two risers 21 and a base plate 22, and base plate 22 is connected with column 11 through bolt.Pressure with bounce-back when compressing hook 1 workpiece pressing passes to two risers 21 through the balancing weight 19 that compresses on the hook 1; Position when these two risers 21 can guarantee the workpiece assembly welding is accurate; And enough intensity is arranged, can withstand the strength of bounce-back, can also guarantee to compress hook 1 smooth opening.
Balancing weight 19 lower ends are provided with circular arc I 27, and the upper end of anti-rebounding device riser 21 is provided with circular arc II 26, and the circular arc I 27 of balancing weight 19 lower ends cooperates with the upper end circular arc II 26 of anti-rebounding device riser 21.The circular arc at two places cooperates, and guarantees that compressing hook 1 moves up and down smoothly, during workpiece pressing; The pressure of bottom jack is delivered to through workpiece and compresses hook 1; Be delivered to anti-rebounding device 2 through the balancing weight 19 that compresses on the hook 1 again, prevent to compress upwards bounce-back of hook 1, guarantee that better workpiece assembly welding position is accurate.
Said guider 3 is that four sheet material assembly weldings, inside are the box-structure of cavity; Interior sheet material 28 wherein is connected with column 11 inner top side through bolt; Four inwalls of box-structure are that cross connecting portion 17 cooperates with the cross section, and the height and position of interior sheet material 28 at the top is lower than the position of other sheet material.The height and position of interior sheet material 28 is low, be convenient to compress hook opens, and four inwalls of box-structure all play guide effect.
Sheet material assembly welding structure 24, upper pin seat 23 and downside pin axle bed 25 in the middle of said jockey 4 comprises; The cross section of middle sheet material assembly welding structure 24 is cross; The base plate of the base plate of the outer face of cross section, upper pin seat 23, downside pin axle bed 25 all cooperates with the inwall of guider 3 and moves up and down in guider 3 along inwall; Upper pin seat 23 is hinged with the connecting portion 17 that compresses hook 1, and downside pin axle bed 25 is hinged with boosting lever 5.
Said workpiece mounting and positioning device 9 comprises locating surface, positioning seat, and the locating surface lower end is connected with positioning seat through bolt, and positioning seat is connected with basic embedded board.Positioning seat is the I-steel weldment.
Said stand column device 7 is the frame structure of I-steel section bar welding.
Said cylinder 6 is a foot rest formula cylinder, and foot rest is connected with column 11 through bolt.
Said jack device 8 comprises screw jack and jack pad assembly.
During assembling, the underframe with truck body 10 is placed on the workpiece mounting and positioning device 9 earlier, and the side wall with car body is placed on the underframe again; Open the manual rotary valve of cylinder 6, cylinder piston rod stretches out, through boosting lever 5, jockey 4, compress hook 1 side wall is pressed to underframe; The balancing weight that compresses hook 1 props up on the riser of anti-rebounding device 2, and hold down gag at this moment can guarantee the Precise Installation Position of side wall, because the amount of deflection of side wall, underframe generation itself; Make to produce the gap between side wall and the underframe, closely connected in order to guarantee side wall and underframe, the lifting power in the underframe lower end through jack device 8; Underframe is upwards pushed up, make underframe remove the side wall that reclines, carry out assembly welding; When underframe is upwards pushed up; Anti-rebounding device 2 has played and has guaranteed to compress the constant effect of hook 1 compacted position, is about to compress hook 1 as a kind of fixing positioner, makes the product precision of assembling that guarantee arranged.After assembling is accomplished, with the jack return of underframe lower end, the manual rotary valve of rotation cylinder 6; Cylinder piston rod is regained; Make through boosting lever 5, jockey 4 to compress hook 1 and rise, when the balancing weight that compresses hook 1 19 lower ends rise to the upper end of the riser 21 that is higher than anti-rebounding device 2, compress hook 1 and open automatically; Balancing weight 19 lower end cunnings lean against on riser 21 inclined-planes of anti-rebounding device 2, and workpiece is hung out.Wherein the center line left-half among Fig. 1 is a duty; Promptly exert pressure in the top and bottom of two workpiece respectively; Guarantee that workpiece is closely connected, size is accurate; Weld, the center line right half part among Fig. 1 is that the back is accomplished in work: the release pressure in the top and bottom of two workpiece respectively, the assurance workpiece hangs out smoothly.
Though the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described the specific embodiment of invention; But be not restriction to protection domain of the present invention; One of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; On the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art need not pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a truck body assembling comprises stand column device with compressing frock, compresses hook; Jack device, Working piece positioning device, said stand column device comprises the column and the base of both sides; Column is connected with base, and the column top is provided with anti-rebounding device, and the column inner top side is provided with guider; The column inboard is provided with the ear seat, and the column outside is provided with the cylinder seat board, and the cylinder seat board is provided with cylinder; The guider inboard is provided with the jockey that is mated, said jockey upper end with compress hook and be hinged; The ear seat is provided with pin-and-hole and the bearing pin I that matches; The bearing pin I is provided with and its boosting lever in relative rotation; The two ends of boosting lever are respectively equipped with slotted hole, following slotted hole; The connecting hole of wherein going up slotted hole and jockey lower end is hinged through the bearing pin II, and the connecting hole on following slotted hole and the cylinder piston rod end-fitting is hinged through the bearing pin III; The column lower end inboard is provided with jack device, Working piece positioning device, and the bottom surface of the base of column, the bottom surface of jack device, Working piece positioning device is connected with basic embedded board respectively, and basic embedded board and ground level are in same plane.
2. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is with compressing frock; It is characterized in that the said hook that compresses comprises connecting portion, gib head, the balancing weight that is connected, and is respectively equipped with stiffener in the connecting portion both sides; The cross section of connecting portion is cross structure, and connecting portion cooperates with the inwall of guider.
3. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with compressing frock said anti-rebounding device comprises two risers and a base plate, and base plate is connected with column through bolt.
4. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that with compressing frock said balancing weight lower end is provided with the circular arc I, and the upper end of anti-rebounding device riser is provided with the circular arc II, and said circular arc I cooperates with the circular arc II.
5. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is with compressing frock; It is characterized in that; Said guider is that four sheet material assembly weldings, inside are the box-structure of cavity; Interior sheet material wherein is connected with the column inner top side through bolt, and the height and position of interior sheet material at the top is lower than the position of other sheet material, and four inwalls of box-structure are that cross connecting portion cooperates with the cross section.
6. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is with compressing frock; It is characterized in that; Sheet material assembly welding structure, upper pin seat and downside pin axle bed in the middle of said jockey comprises, the cross section of middle sheet material assembly welding structure is cross, the base plate of the outer face of cross section, upper pin seat, the base plate of downside pin axle bed all cooperate with the inwall of guider and move up and down in guider along inwall; The upper pin seat is hinged with the connecting portion that compresses hook, and downside pin axle bed and boosting lever are hinged.
7. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with compressing frock said workpiece mounting and positioning device comprises locating surface, positioning seat, and the locating surface lower end is connected with positioning seat through bolt, and positioning seat is connected with basic embedded board.
8. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with compressing frock said stand column device is the frame structure of I-steel section bar welding.
9. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with compressing frock said cylinder is a foot rest formula cylinder, and foot rest is connected with column through bolt.
10. truck body assembling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with compressing frock said jack device comprises screw jack and jack pad assembly.
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