CN102735178A - Comparative measurement method-based multi-parameter automatic measurement system of outer ring of rolling bearing - Google Patents
Comparative measurement method-based multi-parameter automatic measurement system of outer ring of rolling bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102735178A CN102735178A CN2011100841836A CN201110084183A CN102735178A CN 102735178 A CN102735178 A CN 102735178A CN 2011100841836 A CN2011100841836 A CN 2011100841836A CN 201110084183 A CN201110084183 A CN 201110084183A CN 102735178 A CN102735178 A CN 102735178A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comparative measurement method-based multi-parameter automatic measurement system for an outer ring of a rolling bearing. The automatic measurement system comprises a feeding mechanism, a chained transmission mechanism, an axial parameter measurement apparatus, a radial parameter measurement apparatus, a separation mechanism, a PLC control module, an upper computer control module, and a man-machine interaction module. According to the measurement system, with utilization of a standard and high-precision inner ring of a bearing as a reference component as well as a camera and a digital dial gauge as comparative measurement instruments, a measured outer ring of the bearing is compared with the reference component so as to carry out separation of a qualified product, a reprocessed product and a scraped product. According to the invention, automatic comparative measurement of the outer diameter of an outer ring of a bearing and the variation thereof, an inner diameter and the variation thereof as well as the diameter of a groove and the variation thereof can be realized; and moreover, bottleneck problems that the system cost is too high due to a requirement of a high resolution ratio of a camera during the high precision detection and large-size detection of an outer ring of a bearing and the previous multi-parameter detection of an outer ring of a bearing needs to utilize special measurement instruments respectively to carry out measurement can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measure and field tests particularly a kind of multiparameter automatic measurement system of the housing washer based on comparative measurement method.
Background technology
Rolling bearing is as the basic components of transmitting movement and bearing load, and the processing of its each component part and accuracy of detection directly influence performance, life-span and the reliability of rolling bearing.Bearing outer ring after through Vehicle Processing or mill processing, need carry out high-precision test as the important component part of rolling bearing to parameters such as external diameter, internal diameter and trench diameter.At present; China most Production of bearing producer particularly in the context of detection of bearing outer ring, adopts the semi-automatic and manual detection mode that combines because the robotization detection level is not high basically; It is on different test platforms, to adopt special mechanical type, electronic type, pneumatic type or optical profile type measuring equipment to detect that the multiparameter of bearing outer ring detects; This detection mode needs great amount of manpower to participate in, ubiquity labour intensity big be prone to introduce shortcoming such as personal error, be difficult to satisfy the high Precision Detection of part in enormous quantities; Under such technical background, proposition of the present invention just has certain theory and practical applications is worth.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is online detection and the total high precision measuring system that a kind of multiparameter is provided that detects for bearing outer ring.The problems such as the big and easy introducing personal error of labour intensity that the employing manual detection exists have been solved; And, solved the bottleneck problem that the multiparameter detection of bearing outer ring in the past need adopt special surveying instrument to measure respectively through adopting visual comparison measurement and digital dial gauge to compare and measure.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method comprises feed mechanism, chain delivery machanism, axially parameter measuring apparatus, radially parameter measuring apparatus, sorting mechanism, PLC control module, upper computer control module and human-computer interaction module; It is characterized in that being equipped with at the middle part of base plate with bearing outer ring be delivered to axially and the radial measurement station chain delivery machanism; Be used for the feed mechanism that bearing outer ring pushes to the chain delivery machanism porch one by one is positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism porch; Be used for the sorting mechanism that bearing outer ring carries out sorting and grouping according to certified products, reprocessed products and scrap is positioned at the both sides in chain delivery machanism exit; With the high-precision bearing outer ring of standard as standard; With camera as comparing and measuring instrument; Through comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring external diameter and variation; The axial parameter measuring apparatus of internal diameter and variation and with the high-precision bearing outer ring of standard as standard; With digital dial gauge as comparing and measuring instrument; All be positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism through the radially parameter measuring apparatus of comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring trench diameter and variation, wherein the center line of feed mechanism outlet and the center line of chain delivery machanism inlet are on same straight line, and the center line that the center line of chain delivery machanism outlet and sorting mechanism enter the mouth is on same straight line; Axially with parameter measuring apparatus radially all through signal wire and the interior data acquisition card connection of upper computer control module; Be used for the collection position sensor input signal, and the PLC control module that the motion of servomotor, electric rotary table, the gentle pawl of cylinder is controlled is connected described user input instruction, calibrating parameters and the preset tolerance of being used for through serial ports with upper computer control module; Simultaneously in real time display capture image and measurement result, and be connected with PLC control module and upper computer control system respectively through the human-computer interaction module that application software is carried out data storage and statistical study.
Described feed mechanism comprises conveying belt, the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides, Y shape feeding device, push cylinder, chain transmission power drum, material loading alternating current generator, frequency converter, propelling movement vee-block, material road and near switch; Wherein be used for the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides that bearing outer ring carries out proper alignment is installed in the hypotenuse that Y shape feeding device symmetria bilateralis distributes; The propelling movement vee-block that bearing outer ring is pushed one by one is equipped with the baffle plate that can the block axis bearing outer-ring moves along conveying belt in the side near Y shape feeding device, and is installed on the piston that pushes cylinder through thread connection.
Described chain delivery machanism comprises carrier chain, baffle plate, clamping and positioning cylinder, movable vee-block, division board, photoelectric sensor, conveying servomotor and back up pad; Wherein the clamping and positioning cylinder is installed in the rear of movable vee-block one side; Its piston can drive the bearing outer ring that the vee-block clamping is positioned at the measurement station through connecting with movable vee-block; The back up pad that is used for the spring bearing outer ring is installed in base plate through support, and back up pad is low with respect to the height of base plate with respect to the division board on the aspect ratio carrier chain of base plate.
Described axial parameter measuring apparatus comprises lighting source, camera lens, camera, accurate electric rotary table and three-dimensional working platform, and wherein camera is installed through thread connection on the table top of accurate electric rotary table, and accurate electric rotary table is installed on the three-dimensional working platform.
Described radially parameter measuring apparatus comprises Z direction mobile unit, measuring head, measuring head slide rail, measuring head universal stage and digital dial gauge; Wherein the gauge rod of measuring head and digital dial gauge is connected; The measuring head upper end is fixed with the metal hemisphere that is used to measure trench diameter; And the direction of measurement of measuring head is identical with the direction of motion of movable vee-block, and the measuring head slide rail is installed in the circle centre position of measuring head universal stage table top, and digital dial gauge is installed on the Z direction mobile unit.
Described sorting mechanism comprises that Y direction mobile unit, sorting gas pawl, scrap push cylinder, scrap chute, scrap charge chute, certified products propelling movement cylinder, certified products chute, certified products charge chute, reprocessed products propelling movement cylinder, reprocessed products chute and reprocessed products charge chute; Wherein the scrap inlet that pushes propelling movement stroke and the scrap chute of cylinder equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring that grasps in the sorting gas pawl be pushed to the scrap chute directly over; The scrap charge chute is installed on the base plate through riding, and be positioned at the scrap chute under; The propelling movement stroke that certified products push cylinder is equal with the propelling movement stroke that reprocessed products push cylinder, and the certified products charge chute is installed on the base plate through riding, and be positioned at the certified products chute under; The inlet that reprocessed products push propelling movement stroke and the reprocessed products chute of cylinder equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring that grasps in the sorting gas pawl be pushed to the reprocessed products chute directly over; The reprocessed products charge chute is installed on the base plate through riding, and be positioned at the reprocessed products chute under.
Workflow of the present invention mainly is divided into material loading, conveying, measurement, sorting and five processes of man-machine interaction.The principle of work of each process is following.
The material loading principle: the user presses after the start button; The material loading alternating current generator rotates through the drive conveying belt and carries bearing outer ring to be measured; And guarantee that through reciprocatingly slide cylinder and Y-shaped feeding device the orderly one by one arrival of part pushes the place ahead of vee-block, the existence of on carrier chain, having vacant position, and when being in halted state; Drive the motion of propelling movement vee-block by pushing cylinder, bearing outer ring is pushed to the carrier chain porch.
The feeding principle: carrier chain is judged residing position through photoelectric sensor; And carry out round-robin and rotate and make bearing outer ring arrive the detection position of designated parameter one by one through the plate that attaches of carrying servomotor to drive on the carrier chain, come the clamping and positioning bearing outer ring through clamping and positioning cylinder drive activity vee-block more afterwards.After finished the location, PLC sent the location end signal through serial ports to PC.
Measuring principle: before measuring, axially parameter measuring apparatus at first carries out location position through three-dimensional working platform, and carries out the demarcation of camera pixel through the high precision standard gauge block.After PC receives the location end signal; Axially the optical imaging system in the parameter measuring apparatus is caught the axial local two-dimensional geometry characteristic image of bearing outer ring; PC comes acquisition of image data through data collecting card; Afterwards the view data that collects is carried out arithmetical operations such as pre-service and feature extraction, comprise image filtering, figure image intensifying, edge extracting, refinement and feature extraction etc., again according to the reference standard that obtains after demarcating and revising; Just can directly measure the size of this place's bearing outer ring external diameter and internal diameter, wherein axially the measuring principle of parameter measuring apparatus is following:
Axially parameter measuring apparatus adopts minimum two-multiply law to come measurement axis bearing outer-ring external diameter and variation, internal diameter and variation, the general equation of circle shown in formula (1), for the match of circular curve, the coordinate (x of measurement point
i, y
i) can there be certain residual error e with formula (1)
i, its computing formula is shown in formula (2).
x
2+y
2+Ax+By+C＝0 (1)
e
i＝x
i 2+y
i 2+Ax
i+By
i+C (2)
In order to make residual error minimum, according to the principle that least square method is approached, ask the quadratic sum of error earlier, make the quadratic sum minimum of error solve parameter A, B, C again, calculate the center of circle (x at last again
0, y
0) and the size of diameter D, its computing formula is shown in formula (3).
Variation for measurement axis bearing outer-ring external diameter and internal diameter; After bearing outer ring is carried out comparing and measuring of ad-hoc location; Drive optical imaging system through accurate electric rotary table again and rotate the global measuring of realizing that bearing outer ring is axial, thereby obtain the variation of bearing outer ring external diameter and internal diameter
Radially parameter measuring apparatus adopts the digital dial gauge comparative measurement method to measure the size of trench diameter; At first calculating with the bearing outer ring external diameter is positioning reference; And the positioning error of bearing outer ring when adopting the vee-block location, obtain the mobility scale of allowing of certified products bearing outer ring again according to the bearing outer ring of standard, in measuring process; Measure the size of trench diameter through measuring head upper end radius and the equal metal hemisphere of groove radius of curvature; When beginning to measure, measuring head at first drops in the middle of the endoporus of bearing outer ring through Z direction mobile unit, and drives measuring head along the bearing outer ring radial motion through the measuring head slide rail; After metal hemisphere and groove contact, drive the measuring head slide rail uniform rotation that is positioned at the table top center through the measuring head universal stage again and carry out the measurement of trench diameter and variation.
Grading principle: PLC is according to testing result; Finally respectively the bearing outer ring that grasps in the sorting gas pawl is pushed in each self-corresponding chute through certified products, reprocessed products and scrap sorting cylinder; Bearing outer ring finally along the chute landing under charge chute in; When charge chute is filled part, report to the police through the form of sound and light alarm again.
The man-machine interaction principle: the user imports startup, stops and anxious instruction such as stops through button; And, export the measurement image and the measured zone of optical imaging system simultaneously through the human-computer interaction interface display through preset size, shape and the position of related features of optical parametric, location parameter, pixel calibrating parameters and part that the human-computer interaction interface display comes optical imaging system behind the input calibration.The measurement result of size, shape and location parameter that size report display device comes through control chart to store in the video data storehouse, and show corresponding process capability index and machine capability index simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1) visual comparison is measured and digital dial gauge compares and measures and combines
Compare with overall vision measuring method; The employing visual comparison is measured, and under the prerequisite that adopts equal resolution camera, the measuring accuracy of system hardware can obtain lifting at double; Simultaneously, adopt the method that compares and measures to realize the high-acruracy survey of large-scale part.Meanwhile, combine, solved the bottleneck problem that the multiparameter detection of bearing outer ring in the past need adopt special surveying instrument to measure respectively through comparing and measuring with digital dial gauge.
2) multiparameter is measured automatically
This system has not only realized the full-automation of material loading, conveying and the sorting of bearing outer ring; And can realize automatic measurement to bearing outer ring external diameter and variation, internal diameter and variation, trench diameter and variation; Can directly be connected in series to the online detection and detection totally of carrying out bearing outer ring in the production line, solve problems such as the big and easy introducing personal error of the labour intensity that has existed when adopting manual detection.
3) measurement result is carried out the statistical quality analysis
Owing to adopted methods such as process capability index, machine capability index and control chart that the measurement result of bearing inner ring is carried out statistic of attribute, can keep watch on the fluctuation situation of process quality in real time, judge whether operation is stable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of general structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of general structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view and the vertical view of the axial parameter measuring apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the radially front view and the vertical view of parameter measuring apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of sorting mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a product principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a product working routine process flow diagram of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1, conveying belt; 2, the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides; 3, Y shape feeding device; 4, push cylinder; 5, chain transmission power drum; 6, material loading alternating current generator; 7, push vee-block; 8, bearing outer ring; 9, pan feeding road; 10, digital quantity input module; 11, central processing unit (CPU); 12, digital quantity output module; 13, PC; 14, carrier chain; 15, baffle plate; 16, clamping and positioning cylinder; 17, movable vee-block; 18, division board; 19, camera lens; 20, camera; 21, accurate electric rotary table; 22, three-dimensional working platform; 23, Z direction mobile unit; 24, measuring head; 25, measuring head slide rail; 26, measuring head universal stage; 27, digital dial gauge; 28, Y direction mobile unit; 29, sorting gas pawl; 30, photoelectric sensor; 31, scrap chute; 32, scrap charge chute; 33, carry servomotor; 34, back up pad; 35, certified products chute; 36, certified products charge chute; 37, reprocessed products chute; 38, reprocessed products charge chute; 39, base plate; 40, scrap pushes cylinder; 41, certified products push cylinder; 42, reprocessed products push cylinder.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further through following examples.
The front view and the vertical view of a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method of the present invention are as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; This system comprises feed mechanism, chain delivery machanism, axially parameter measuring apparatus, radially parameter measuring apparatus, sorting mechanism, PLC control module, upper computer control module and human-computer interaction module; It is characterized in that being equipped with at the middle part of base plate (39) with bearing outer ring (8) be delivered to axially and the radial measurement station chain delivery machanism; Be used for the feed mechanism that bearing outer ring pushes to the chain delivery machanism porch one by one is positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism porch; Be used for the sorting mechanism that bearing outer ring carries out sorting and grouping according to certified products, reprocessed products and scrap is positioned at the both sides in chain delivery machanism exit; With the high-precision bearing outer ring of standard as standard; With camera as comparing and measuring instrument; Through comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring external diameter and variation; The axial parameter measuring apparatus of internal diameter and variation and with the high-precision bearing outer ring of standard as standard; With digital dial gauge as comparing and measuring instrument; All be positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism through the radially parameter measuring apparatus of comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring trench diameter and variation, wherein the center line of feed mechanism outlet and the center line of chain delivery machanism inlet are on same straight line, and the center line that the center line of chain delivery machanism outlet and sorting mechanism enter the mouth is on same straight line; Axially with parameter measuring apparatus radially all through signal wire and the interior data acquisition card connection of upper computer control module; Be used for the collection position sensor input signal, and the PLC control module that the motion of servomotor, electric rotary table, the gentle pawl of cylinder is controlled is connected described user input instruction, calibrating parameters and the preset tolerance of being used for through serial ports with upper computer control module; Simultaneously in real time display capture image and measurement result, and be connected with PLC control module and upper computer control system respectively through the human-computer interaction module that application software is carried out data storage and statistical study.
Described feed mechanism comprises conveying belt (1), the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides (2), Y shape feeding device (3), pushes cylinder (4), chain transmission power drum (5), material loading alternating current generator (6), frequency converter, propelling movement vee-block (7), material road (9) and near switch; Wherein be used for the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides (5) that bearing outer ring (8) carries out proper alignment is installed in the hypotenuse that Y shape feeding device (3) symmetria bilateralis distributes; The propelling movement vee-block (7) that bearing outer ring (8) is pushed one by one is equipped with the baffle plate that can block axis bearing outer-ring (8) moves along conveying belt (1) in the side near Y shape feeding device (3), and is installed on the piston that pushes cylinder (4) through thread connection.
Described chain delivery machanism comprises carrier chain (14), baffle plate (15), clamping and positioning cylinder (16), movable vee-block (17), division board (18), photoelectric sensor (30), carries servomotor (33) and back up pad (34); Wherein clamping and positioning cylinder (16) is installed in the rear of movable vee-block (17) one sides; Its piston can drive the bearing outer ring (8) that the vee-block clamping is positioned at the measurement station through connecting with movable vee-block; The back up pad (34) that is used for the spring bearing outer ring is installed in base plate (39) through support, and back up pad (34) is low with respect to the height of base plate (39) with respect to the division board (18) on the aspect ratio carrier chain of base plate (39).
Described axial parameter measuring apparatus comprises lighting source, camera lens (19), camera (20), accurate electric rotary table (21) and three-dimensional working platform (22); Wherein camera (20) is installed through thread connection on the table top of accurate electric rotary table (21), and accurate electric rotary table (21) is installed on the three-dimensional working platform (22).
Described radially parameter measuring apparatus comprises Z direction mobile unit (23), measuring head (24), measuring head slide rail (25), measuring head universal stage (26) and digital dial gauge (27); Wherein measuring head (24) is connected with the gauge rod of digital dial gauge (27); The measuring head upper end is fixed with the metal hemisphere that is used to measure trench diameter; And the direction of measurement of measuring head is identical with the direction of motion of movable vee-block; Measuring head slide rail (25) is installed in the circle centre position of measuring head universal stage (26) table top, and digital dial gauge (27) is installed on the Z direction mobile unit (23).
Described sorting mechanism comprises that Y direction mobile unit (28), sorting gas pawl (29), scrap push cylinder (40), scrap chute (31), scrap charge chute (32), certified products propelling movement cylinder (41), certified products chute (35), certified products charge chute (36), reprocessed products propelling movement cylinder (42), reprocessed products chute (37) and reprocessed products charge chute (38); Wherein the scrap inlet that pushes propelling movement stroke and the scrap chute (31) of cylinder (40) equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to scrap chute (31) directly over; Scrap charge chute (32) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at scrap chute (31) under; The propelling movement stroke that certified products push cylinders (41) is equal with the propelling movement stroke that reprocessed products push cylinder, and certified products charge chute (36) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at certified products chute (35) under; The inlet that reprocessed products push propelling movement stroke and the reprocessed products chute (37) of cylinders (42) equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to reprocessed products chute (37) directly over; Reprocessed products charge chute (38) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at reprocessed products chute (37) under.
The front view and the vertical view of the axial parameter measuring apparatus of a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method of the present invention are as shown in Figure 3; Axially parameter measuring apparatus comprises lighting source, camera lens (19), camera (20), accurate electric rotary table (21) and three-dimensional working platform (22); Wherein accurate electric rotary table comprises rotating stepper motor, spring coupling, turbine and worm decelerator and rotary table top; The center of rotary table top has through hole, and the center of through hole overlaps with rotation center; Camera (20) is installed in the threaded hole of rotary table top through thread connection; Accurate electric rotary table (21) is installed on the three-dimensional working platform (22) through support; Catch the local two-dimensional geometry characteristic image in the axial somewhere of bearing outer ring when camera after; Drive camera by accurate electric rotary table and rotate to next measurement station, catch all axial two-dimensional geometry characteristic images of bearing outer ring until camera.
The front view and the vertical view of the radially parameter measuring apparatus of a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method of the present invention are as shown in Figure 4; Radially parameter measuring apparatus comprises Z direction mobile unit (23), measuring head (24), measuring head slide rail (25), measuring head universal stage (26) and digital dial gauge (27); Wherein the metal hemisphere that equates with groove radius of curvature is equipped with in the upper end of measuring head (24); When beginning to measure; Measuring head (24) at first drops in the middle of the endoporus of bearing outer ring through Z direction mobile unit (23); And pass through measuring head slide rail (25) drive measuring head (24) along the bearing outer ring radial motion; After metal hemisphere and groove contact, drive measuring head slide rail (25) uniform rotation that is positioned at the table top center through measuring head universal stage (26) again and carry out the measurement of trench diameter and variation.
The vertical view of the sorting mechanism of a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method of the present invention is as shown in Figure 5; Sorting mechanism comprises that Y direction mobile unit (28), sorting gas pawl (29), scrap push cylinder (40), scrap chute (31), scrap charge chute (32), certified products propelling movement cylinder (41), certified products chute (35), certified products charge chute (36), reprocessed products propelling movement cylinder (42), reprocessed products chute (37) and reprocessed products charge chute (38); Wherein the scrap inlet that pushes propelling movement stroke and the scrap chute (31) of cylinder (40) equates with distance A between chain delivery machanism exports; And the piston rod of scrap propelling movement cylinder is in the state that stretches out fully before sorting; When scrap pushes the piston rod retraction of cylinder (40), can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to scrap chute (31) directly over; The propelling movement stroke that certified products push cylinder (41) is C; It accomplishes the sorting of certified products bearing outer ring (8) through the magnetic switch that is installed on the cylinder body; Equating between the inlet of distance between two magnetic switchs and certified products chute (35) and the chain delivery machanism outlet on the cylinder body wherein apart from B; When certified products push cylinder (41) piston rod outreach B, can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to certified products chute (35) directly over; The inlet that reprocessed products push propelling movement stroke and the reprocessed products chute (37) of cylinders (42) equates with distance C between chain delivery machanism exports; And the piston rod of reprocessed products propelling movement cylinders (42) is in retracted state before sorting; When the piston rod that pushes cylinders (42) when reprocessed products stretches out fully, can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to reprocessed products chute (37) directly over.
The principle of work synoptic diagram of a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method of the present invention is as shown in Figure 6, and system comprises axial parameter measuring apparatus, radially parameter measuring apparatus, position transducer, PLC control module, power system, upper computer control module and human-computer interaction module.Described position transducer comprises near switch, photoelectric sensor and cylinder magnetic switch; Wherein be used to detect bearing outer ring and whether arrive appointed positions near switch; Photoelectric sensor is used to detect the step number that carrier chain is passed by, and the cylinder magnetic switch is used to detect the residing position of cylinder.Described power system comprises electric system and pneumatic system, and electric system comprises driver, material loading alternating current generator, carries servomotor and electric rotary table motor, and pneumatic system comprises source of the gas, filtrator, reduction valve, solenoid directional control valve and cylinder.Described human-computer interaction module comprises human-computer interaction interface display, size report display device, printer, button and warning lamp.
The PLC control module is carried out the judgement of bearing outer ring present position through the signal of detection position sensor output circularly; And, guarantee completion material loading, conveying, measurement and the sorting work that bearing outer ring is orderly through the motion of controlling power system through communicating with upper computer control module; Upper computer control system is through gathering axial data with radially parameter measuring apparatus output, and the pre-service of the line data of going forward side by side and feature extraction calculate bearing outer ring external diameter and variation, internal diameter and variation and trench diameter and variation at last again.Human-computer interaction module is used for the user and imports startup, stops and anxious instruction such as stop through button; And, come output shaft to measurement image and the measured zone of measuring camera through the human-computer interaction interface display simultaneously through the preset qualified tolerance of optical parametric, location parameter, pixel calibrating parameters and part that the human-computer interaction interface display comes optical imaging system behind the input calibration.The measurement result of each parameter that size report display device comes through control chart to store in the video data storehouse, and show corresponding process capability index and machine capability index simultaneously.Warning lamp is after charge chute is filled part, or the form through sound and light alarm is notified the user when system works is unusual.
Working routine process flow diagram of the present invention is as shown in Figure 7, the steps include:
The S7.1 program initialization
After system power supply was opened, the central processing unit of PLC and the upper computer software of PC carried out a series of initial work, comprised the initial work of initialization, calibrating parameters, error correction parameter and the I/O mouth of state variable and numerical value in each register.
S7.2 material loading alternating current generator starts, and conveying belt begins material loading
After the program initialization, whether PLC begins round-robin detection user has the instruction input, presses after the start button in case detect the user, and the material loading alternating current generator rotates through the drive conveying belt and carries bearing outer ring to be measured.
S7.3 pushes vee-block and pushes bearing outer ring to carrier chain
Bearing outer ring on the conveying belt guarantees the exit of the arrival Y shape feeding device that bearing outer ring is orderly one by one through the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides; The existence of on carrier chain, having vacant position; And when carrier chain stops operating, push cylinder drive propelling movement vee-block bearing outer ring is pushed in the carrier chain.
S7.4 carries servomotor to start the carrier chain feeding
Carrier chain is judged residing position through photoelectric sensor, and makes bearing outer ring arrive the detection position of designated parameter one by one through carrying servomotor to drive the rotation of carrier chain round-robin.
The movable vee-block clamp shaft of S7.5 bearing outer-ring
Bearing outer ring arrives after the detection position of designated parameter, comes the clamping and positioning bearing outer ring through clamping cylinder drive activity vee-block again, and after finished the location, PLC sent the location end signal through serial ports to PC.
S7.6 system calibrating and error correction
Before measuring; Axially the optical imaging system of parameter measuring apparatus at first carries out location position through three-dimensional working platform; And carry out the demarcation of camera pixel through the high precision standard gauge block, demarcate accomplish after, note the electric current and the voltage parameter of optical imaging system lighting source; And write down the parameter of camera lens simultaneously, again the error of measuring is revised at last.
S7.7 data collecting card image data
After PC receives the location end signal; Axially the optical imaging system of parameter measuring apparatus is caught the axial local two-dimensional geometry characteristic image of bearing outer ring immediately; Digital dial gauge is gathered the size of bearing outer ring trench diameter through the associated movement of Z direction mobile unit and measuring head slide rail; Wherein optical imaging system rotates through accurate electric rotary table drive optical imaging system and catches several two-dimensional geometry characteristic images; Digital dial gauge drives measuring head through the measuring head universal stage and rotates the measurement that realizes the trench diameter variation, and data finally are transferred in the storer of PC through data collecting card.
The pre-service of S7.8 data and feature extraction
Through the data that collect are carried out various arithmetical operations such as pre-service and feature extraction; Specifically comprise view data smoothing processing, gray level image binaryzation, rim detection, Hough conversion and sub-pix segmentation; Owing to before measuring, accomplished the pixel of optical imaging system is demarcated and error correction; So according to the reference standard that obtains after demarcating and revising, just can directly measure bearing outer ring external diameter and variation, internal diameter and variation and trench diameter and variation, last; PC is divided into three types of certified products, reprocessed products and scrap according to preset size and the variation of allowing with bearing outer ring again, and through serial ports measurement result is sent to PLC.
The demonstration of S7.9 measurement result and the printing of form
The measurement result of size, shape and location parameter that size report display device comes through control chart to store in the video data storehouse, and show corresponding process capability index and machine capability index simultaneously.
S7.10 sorting cylinder drives sorting gas pawl and moves to corresponding chute place
PLC is according to testing result; Finally respectively the bearing outer ring that grasps in the sorting gas pawl is pushed in each self-corresponding chute through certified products, reprocessed products and scrap sorting cylinder; Bearing outer ring finally along the chute landing under charge chute in; When charge chute is filled part, report to the police through the form of sound and light alarm again.
Claims (6)
1. the housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system based on comparative measurement method comprises feed mechanism, chain delivery machanism, axially parameter measuring apparatus, radially parameter measuring apparatus, sorting mechanism, PLC control module, upper computer control module and human-computer interaction module; It is characterized in that being equipped with at the middle part of base plate (39) with bearing outer ring (8) be delivered to axially and the radial measurement station chain delivery machanism; Be used for the feed mechanism that bearing outer ring pushes to the chain delivery machanism porch one by one is positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism porch; Be used for the sorting mechanism that bearing outer ring carries out sorting and grouping according to certified products, reprocessed products and scrap is positioned at the both sides in chain delivery machanism exit; With the standard rolling bearing outer ring as standard; With camera as comparing and measuring instrument; Through comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring external diameter and variation thereof; The axial parameter measuring apparatus of internal diameter and variation thereof and with the standard rolling bearing outer ring as standard; With digital dial gauge as comparing and measuring instrument; All be positioned at a side of chain delivery machanism through the radially parameter measuring apparatus of comparative measurement method measurement axis bearing outer-ring trench diameter and variation thereof, wherein the center line of feed mechanism outlet and the center line of chain delivery machanism inlet are on same straight line, and the center line that the center line of chain delivery machanism outlet and sorting mechanism enter the mouth is on same straight line; Axially with parameter measuring apparatus radially all through signal wire and the interior data acquisition card connection of upper computer control module; Be used for the collection position sensor input signal, and the PLC control module that the motion of servomotor, electric rotary table, the gentle pawl of cylinder is controlled is connected described user input instruction, calibrating parameters and the preset tolerance of being used for through serial ports with upper computer control module; Simultaneously in real time display capture image and measurement result, and be connected with PLC control module and upper computer control system respectively through the human-computer interaction module that application software is carried out data storage and statistical study.
2. a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system according to claim 1 based on comparative measurement method; It is characterized in that described feed mechanism comprises conveying belt (1), the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides (2), Y shape feeding device (3), pushes cylinder (4), chain transmission power drum (5), material loading alternating current generator (6), frequency converter, propelling movement vee-block (7), material road (9) and near switch; Wherein be used for the cylinder that reciprocatingly slides (5) that bearing outer ring (8) carries out proper alignment is installed in the hypotenuse that Y shape feeding device (3) symmetria bilateralis distributes; The propelling movement vee-block (7) that bearing outer ring (8) is pushed one by one is equipped with the baffle plate that can block axis bearing outer-ring (8) moves along conveying belt (1) in the side near Y shape feeding device (3), and is installed on the piston that pushes cylinder (4) through thread connection.
3. a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system according to claim 1 based on comparative measurement method; It is characterized in that described chain delivery machanism comprises carrier chain (14), baffle plate (15), clamping and positioning cylinder (16), movable vee-block (17), division board (18), photoelectric sensor (30), carries servomotor (33) and back up pad (34); Wherein clamping and positioning cylinder (16) is installed in the rear of movable vee-block (17) one sides; Its piston can drive the bearing outer ring (8) that the vee-block clamping is positioned at the measurement station through connecting with movable vee-block; The back up pad (34) that is used for the spring bearing outer ring is installed in base plate (39) through support, and back up pad (34) is low with respect to the height of base plate (39) with respect to the division board (18) on the aspect ratio carrier chain of base plate (39).
4. a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system according to claim 1 based on comparative measurement method; It is characterized in that described axial parameter measuring apparatus comprises lighting source, camera lens (19), camera (20), accurate electric rotary table (21) and three-dimensional working platform (22); Wherein camera (20) is installed through thread connection on the table top of accurate electric rotary table (21), and accurate electric rotary table (21) is installed on the three-dimensional working platform (22).
5. a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system according to claim 1 based on comparative measurement method; It is characterized in that described radially parameter measuring apparatus comprises Z direction mobile unit (23), measuring head (24), measuring head slide rail (25), measuring head universal stage (26) and digital dial gauge (27); Wherein measuring head (24) is connected with the gauge rod of digital dial gauge (27); And the measuring head upper end is fixed with the metal hemisphere that is used to measure trench diameter; Measuring head slide rail (25) is installed in the circle centre position of measuring head universal stage (26) table top, and digital dial gauge (27) is installed on the Z direction mobile unit (23).
6. a kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system according to claim 1 based on comparative measurement method; It is characterized in that described sorting mechanism comprises that Y direction mobile unit (28), sorting gas pawl (29), scrap push cylinder (40), scrap chute (31), scrap charge chute (32), certified products propelling movement cylinder (41), certified products chute (35), certified products charge chute (36), reprocessed products propelling movement cylinder (42), reprocessed products chute (37) and reprocessed products charge chute (38); Wherein the scrap inlet that pushes propelling movement stroke and the scrap chute (31) of cylinder (40) equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to scrap chute (31) directly over; Scrap charge chute (32) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at scrap chute (31) under; The propelling movement stroke that certified products push cylinders (41) is equal with the propelling movement stroke that reprocessed products push cylinder, and certified products charge chute (36) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at certified products chute (35) under; The inlet that reprocessed products push propelling movement stroke and the reprocessed products chute (37) of cylinders (42) equates with distance between chain delivery machanism exports; Its piston can with the bearing outer ring (8) that grasps in the sorting gas pawl (29) be pushed to reprocessed products chute (37) directly over; Reprocessed products charge chute (38) is installed on the base plate (39) through riding, and be positioned at reprocessed products chute (37) under.
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| CN201110084183.6A CN102735178B (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2011-03-29 | A kind of housing washer multiparameter automatic measurement system of mensuration based on the comparison |
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| CN108760317A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-06 | 东风楚凯（武汉）汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of defectoscope |
| CN108760317B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-12-29 | 武汉楚凯汽车零部件有限公司 | Flaw detector |
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| CN109590228A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-09 | 嘉兴市日新自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of high efficient full automatic paper tube measurement sorter |
| CN109590228B (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2023-08-29 | 嘉兴市日新自动化科技有限公司 | High-efficient full-automatic paper tube measuring and sorting machine |
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