CN102723836A - Compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof - Google Patents
Compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723836A CN102723836A CN2011100798164A CN201110079816A CN102723836A CN 102723836 A CN102723836 A CN 102723836A CN 2011100798164 A CN2011100798164 A CN 2011100798164A CN 201110079816 A CN201110079816 A CN 201110079816A CN 102723836 A CN102723836 A CN 102723836A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and a rotor structure thereof. A stator portion of the compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor includes a plurality of stator segments and first permanent magnets placed between the stator segments, and polarities of the permanent magnets at two sides of each stator segment are opposite. An excitation winding is placed in a stator groove of each stator segment. A rotor portion of the motor includes a rotor body, a plurality of annular rotor segments placed on the rotor body and a second permanent magnet. The second permanent magnet is placed at an opening of mounting positions of the annular rotor segments and the rotor body and forms a rectangular-ambulatory-plane shaped structure with an annular rotor segment yoke part. According to the motor and the rotor structure, a rotary force of the reluctance motor can be increased, energy density is raised, vibration is reduced, and a dimension of the motor is smaller than that of other motors in a same output torque requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, relate in particular to a kind of short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof of composite excitation.
Background technology
Switched reluctance machines is a kind of novel buncher, and governing system has direct current concurrently, exchanges the advantage of two types of governing systems, is the latest generation stepless time adjustment system of frequency conversion speed-adjusting system, brushless DC motor governing system of continuing.It simple in structure firm, speed-regulating range width, speed adjusting performance is excellent, and in whole speed adjustable range, all has greater efficiency, and system reliability is high.
Usually switched reluctance machines comprises that stator and who is installed in the support has the outstanding magnetic pole of opening according to certain intervals with respect to the stator rotor rotated on stator and the rotor, and the number of magnetic poles of stator and rotor is placed with certain rules relatively.Attempt to rotate to when making minimized position of magnetic circuit magnetic resistance or the maximized position of stator winding inductance when rotor, switched reluctance machines just has reluctance force and produces torque.
When stator relative phase winding passes to electric current, will set up magnetic field in the magnetic pole of the stator, when rotor rotates under this magnetic field; Because the variation of magnetic circuit magnetic resistance will produce power on the rotor, and this power is not all to be that effective force is (for electric rotary machine; Effective force is the power along the tangent to periphery direction); This power is divided into radial load and revolving force (this sentences the power of " revolving force " expression tangent to periphery direction), and in this power, the revolving force that has only the tangent to periphery direction is in order to work; The rotation of driving rotor, and radial load is to the not contribution of work of rotor.
Be to improve the volume energy ratio of switched reluctance machines, Chinese invention patent: short magnetic circuit mixing exciting switch Magnet resistance motor (number of patent application: 200510010551.7) with composite excitation partitioned stator and rotor switched reluctance machines (number of patent application: 201010102546.X) adopt the mode of composite excitation magnetic circuit respectively, wherein in said number of patent application is the patent of invention of 201010102546.X, adopt the sectionalized stator formula to mix the technical scheme of lacking the magnetic circuit form and reduce the magnetic circuit loss; Though this invention has utilized short magnetic circuit; But, make leakage field increase, in addition because coil is installed on the stator yoke; Though these two kinds of technical schemes have adopted short magnetic circuit; But all do not consider processing, and permanent magnet is positioned over notch, the phenomenon that has demagnetization or magnetize to magnetic circuit; Have influence on the useful life of electromagnetism; And then have influence on motor properties, in essence, the same basically with the working method of conventional switch reluctance motor; The ratio problem bigger than normal that all has radial load and revolving force, and excessive radial load can cause serious vibration and noise problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor of a kind of mixing and rotor structure thereof, to improve revolving force, reduce radial load, reduce manufacturing cost, to improve fault-tolerant ability.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor of a kind of mixing; Include stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding; Wherein said stationary part comprises a plurality of stator segments and is placed on first permanent magnet between each stator segment that first permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment both sides is opposite; Excitation winding is positioned in the stator slot of each stator segment;
Rotor portion comprises rotor block, is installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and second permanent magnet that change on the font, and this second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion;
When zero load, the magnetic field that first permanent magnet of stationary part and second permanent magnet of rotor portion produce forms the loop through rotor section and stator segment respectively, does not produce operational forces; When load; The excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux, changes its course and form the loop through rotor in the magnetic field that forces stationary part first permanent magnet to produce; When magnetic flux passes through rotor section; Destroy the closed-loop path of second intrinsic on the rotor section permanent magnet, the magnetic flux that second permanent magnet on a part and the rotor section produces forms the closed-loop path, produces revolving force simultaneously.
Wherein, each stator segment notch is placed with the separated magnetic patch that diamagnetic material is processed.
Wherein, stator segment can be the stator segment of C type stator segment or other types.
Wherein, stator segment and ring-shaped rotor Duan Junke are overrided to form by the thin slice of soft magnetic material making.
Wherein, rotor block can adopt diamagnetic material to process.
A kind of rotor structure that mixes short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor, it comprises:
Rotor block;
Be installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and second permanent magnet on this commentaries on classics font, this second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion.
Wherein, the ring-shaped rotor section can be overrided to form by the thin slice that soft magnetic material is made.
Wherein, rotor block can adopt diamagnetic material to process.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor of mixing of the present invention, its stationary part comprises a plurality of stator segments and is placed on first permanent magnet between each stator segment that first permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment both sides is opposite; Excitation winding is positioned in the stator slot of each stator segment; Its rotor portion comprises rotor block, is installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and second permanent magnet that change on the font; This second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block; And form three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion; When zero load, the magnetic field that first permanent magnet of stationary part and second permanent magnet of rotor portion produce forms the loop through rotor section and stator segment respectively, does not produce operational forces; When load, the excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux, changes its course and form the loop through rotor in the magnetic field that forces stationary part first permanent magnet to produce; When magnetic flux passes through rotor section, destroy the closed-loop path of second intrinsic on the rotor section permanent magnet, the magnetic flux formation closed-loop path that second permanent magnet on a part and the rotor section produces produces revolving force simultaneously; Because the rotor of three-back-shaped structure forces from the magnetic field of stator segment assemblies and passes through along rotor cylinder skin, also help reducing radial load when increasing revolving force, and adopt three-back-shaped structure to make the rotor magnetic circuit magnetic resistance have the flexible characteristic that changes, compare with conventional rotors; It helps reducing torque ripple and vibration, and in addition, first permanent magnet is used between the stator segment assemblies; Easy mounting, and it is little influenced by winding, and leakage field also reduces simultaneously; Therefore have bigger energy density, littler vibration noise, and compare with the motor of prior art; Under equal output torque required, the present invention had higher energy density, littler volume.And the aspect installation, manufacturing cost also obtains very big reduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 8/6 a switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's first specific embodiment;
Fig. 2 A is the first specific embodiment switched reluctance machines accepted standard C type stator segment structural representation according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 B is the rotor section structural representation that the first specific embodiment switched reluctance machines adopts according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is 8/6 a switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's second specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 is 8/6 a switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's the 3rd specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 A is the stator segment structural representation that the 3rd specific embodiment switched reluctance machines adopts according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 B is the rotor section structural representation that the 3rd specific embodiment switched reluctance machines adopts according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the external rotor 8/6 switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's the 4th specific embodiment.
Embodiment
The thought that core of the present invention is to adopt destruction, rebuilds then; Magnetic circuit is arranged again; Identical with prior art, the short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor of mixing of the present invention includes stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding, but crucially; Stationary part comprises a plurality of stator segments and is placed on first permanent magnet between each stator segment among the present invention, and first permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment both sides is opposite; Excitation winding is positioned in the stator slot of each stator segment.
And rotor portion comprises rotor block, is installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and second permanent magnet that change on the font; This second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block, and forms the structure be similar to " returning " font (following abbreviate as three-back-shaped structure) with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion.
Like this, when zero load, the magnetic field that first permanent magnet of stationary part and second permanent magnet of rotor portion produce forms the loop through rotor section and stator segment respectively, does not produce operational forces; And when load, the excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux; Changing its course and form the loop through rotor in the magnetic field that forces stationary part first permanent magnet to produce, when magnetic flux passes through rotor section, destroys the closed-loop path of second intrinsic on the rotor section permanent magnet; The magnetic flux that second permanent magnet on a part and the rotor section produces forms the closed-loop path, produces revolving force simultaneously, because the rotor section magnetic resistance is actually variation; Increase along with winding current; For the magnetic field of permanent magnet of winding and stator segment, the magnetic resistance of rotor section will diminish gradually, make that the moment that produces is more steady.Also eliminated the influence of permanent magnet simultaneously to winding, the side effect of also avoiding the winding for permanent magnet demagnetization or magnetizing, durable in use, can be widely used in power drive systems such as electric automobile, describe with preferred embodiment below.
With reference to figure 1; Present embodiment is four phase standard C type stators, 8/6 structure switch magnetic resistance motor; Four phase excitation coils are: A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2; D1-D2, this switched reluctance machines specifically comprise excitation winding 1, standard C type stator segment 2, permanent magnet 3 (being divided into first permanent magnet of stationary part and second permanent magnet of rotor portion), pole shoe pole tip 4, separated magnetic patch 5, ring-shaped rotor section 6, support projecting block 7, axle center 8 and rotor block 9.
Need explain that the permanent magnet 3 (i.e. second permanent magnet) of present embodiment rotor part is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section 6 and rotor block 9, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section 6 yoke portions.Can let through magnetic circuit on it and rotor cylinder surface tangently through described time sub-shape structure, the polarity arrangement of permanent magnet 3 is referring among Fig. 1 shown in the mark.
Said structure makes that at rotor revolving force increases during near stator pole shoes pole tip 4, and radial load reduces; In addition, experimental result shows that also the two sides of rotor section assembly do not have actual influence with the upper part to magnetic force near outer surface 1/3 thickness; Therefore; Can be fixed on the rotor block 9 at its side fluting, permanent magnet 3 is positioned between the C type stator segment 2, owing to inhale mutually on the contrary mutually in permanent magnet 3 polarity on C type stator segment 2 both sides; When the coil no power was promptly unloaded, the permanent magnet 3 and the permanent magnet 3 on the rotor section 6 on C type stator segment 2 both sides became the closed-loop path through the stator segment yoke with the rotor section yoke piece; When energising is load; Because stator segment yoke magnetic resistance increases, make the permanent magnet magnetic line of force on stator segment both sides change its course and closure, simultaneously because the increase of rotor section magnetic resistance through air gap, rotor section, air gap; The original permanent magnet magnetic line of force of rotor section closed-loop path is destroyed; Closed with the stator segment permanent magnet magnetic line of force, the magnetic line of force of generation passes through air gap and closure, and forms parallelly connected with the electric excitation magnetic line of force.
As shown in Figure 1, this moment, B overlapped with rotor section, was about to get into next circulation; So A switches on mutually, the polarity arrangement of permanent magnet shown in the S that schemes to go up mark, N, A2, the sense of current in A1 wire turn of A in mutually answer vertical view towards outside; Promptly to reader's direction, promptly two winding currents in mutually should parallel connection, the increase of the magnetic resistance in the stator yoke like this; And reverse with the magnetic line of force of permanent magnet, force the magnetic line of force of permanent magnet to change its course, the time through rotor section through air gap and rotor section; A part forms the loop with rotor permanent magnet poles, and a part forms the loop through air gap again through rotor section yoke portion.
With reference to figure 2A, be present embodiment accepted standard C type stator segment sketch map.What the opening part of standard C type stator segment protruded inward is pole shoe pole tip 4 (with reference to figure 1); The separated magnetic patch 5 (with reference to figure 1) of non-magnetic conduction is installed on it; To realize the fixed excitation winding and to increase stator segment opening part magnetic resistance; C type stator segment can be fixed in (with reference to figure 1) on the pedestal through mounting base projecting block 7 during concrete the realization, and the C type stator segment assemblies of standard makes whole magnetic circuit have mutable site still less in the present embodiment, and leakage field reduces.
With reference to figure 2B; A rotor section sketch map for the present embodiment employing; The thin slice that rotor section yoke portion is processed by soft magnetic material is overrided to form; The opening part of rotor section is placed with permanent magnet, and permanent magnet and ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion form three-back-shaped structure, and wherein the mid portion 11 of Back Word is air gap or diamagnetic material.
With reference to figure 3; This figure is 8/6 a switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's second specific embodiment; Stator segment adopts standard C type stator segment in the present embodiment; Same, the permanent magnet 3 of present embodiment rotor part is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section 6 and rotor block 9, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section 6 yoke portions.
The rotor block 9 that above-mentioned three-back-shaped structure is installed is in the outside of stator, is placed with permanent magnet 3 between the stator segment 2, and its polarity marks shown in S, the N in figure.The permanent magnet 3 of rotor portion forms the closed-loop path through the rotor section yoke portion of Back Word type, and rotor yoke is fixed in the support.Its operation principle and Fig. 1 first specific embodiment are similar, repeat no more here.As shown in Figure 3; A this moment (A1-A2) coincides and cuts off the power supply; B (B1-B2) is conducted and begins to produce reluctance torque, and for the permanent magnet 3 of stationary part, this moment, stator yoke portion magnetic resistance increased; When the magnetic resistance of stator yoke portion is increased to the magnetic resistance greater than rotor yoke, air gap will be passed through in the magnetic field that stator permanent magnet produces, three-back-shaped construction rotor section yoke forms the loop.When magnetic field acquired a certain degree, the closed magnetic circuit of permanent magnet was destroyed on the three-back-shaped construction rotor section, thereby its two magnetic pole and magnetic field forms the closed-loop path through air gap and stator field.Because this process is progressively to accomplish,, when increasing rotation torque, also obtained power output more stably so can obtain moment of torsion more stably.Three-back-shaped construction rotor section can be through on side fluting installation and the rotor block, and the stator permanent magnet physical efficiency well is fixed between the C type stator segment, and is easy for installation.
With reference to figure 4; This figure is 8/6 a switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's the 3rd specific embodiment; Stator segment adopts special C type stator segment (with reference to figure 4A) in the present embodiment; Same, the permanent magnet 3 of rotor portion is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section 6 and rotor block 9, and forms three-back-shaped structure (with reference to figure 4B) with ring-shaped rotor section 6 yoke portions.Ring-shaped rotor section 6 is installed on the rotor block 9; Ring-shaped rotor section assembly plays equally and lets the magnetic line of force along rotor cylinder tangential direction; Produce higher magnetic resistance revolving force; Littler vibration, the layout of the operation principle of motor and permanent magnet polarity and first, second specific embodiment are similar in the present embodiment, repeat no more here.
With reference to figure 5, this figure is the external rotor 8/6 switched reluctance machines structural representation of the present invention's the 4th specific embodiment.Stator segment adopts special C type stator segment in the present embodiment; Likewise; The permanent magnet 3 of rotor portion is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section 6 and rotor block 9; And forming three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section 6 yoke portions, the layout of the operation principle of motor and permanent magnet polarity and aforementioned specific embodiment are similar in the present embodiment, repeat no more here.
Need explain; Three-back-shaped structure through providing a segmentation criteria or special C type stator and rotor section and the permanent magnet on it to form in the foregoing description; Be placed with permanent magnet between stator segment, when its purpose is to increase motor power density, form the closed-loop path with epitrochanterian permanent magnet; The thin slice that three-back-shaped structure rotor section is made by soft magnetic material is overrided to form; The corresponding positions of installing with rotor block is equipped with opening; Be placed with permanent magnet at opening part, its purpose is to force from magnetic field that stator segment comes out that the skin along rotor section yoke portion passes through, and also increases the magnetic resistance of rotor section simultaneously; The function that makes rotor section have to become magnetic resistance is (in the reality; This magnetic resistance does not bring the loss of energy), thus reach revolving force increase, the fluctuation of moment simultaneously and the purpose that radial load reduces that improves torque density, is used for work, also improved the dynamic response capability of motor; The stator segment opening part is placed with the separated magnetic patch of diamagnetic material, and its purpose is to increase the magnetic resistance of stator segment opening part.For given torque output, this kind switched reluctance machines energy density is greatly improved and/or motor size reduces and littler vibration is arranged; Sectionalized stator section assembly makes this kind motor manufacturing cost reduce; Simultaneously, short magnetic circuit has reduced the magnetic circuit loss, has improved the magnetic energy utilization rate.Rotor block is designed to any structure that satisfies requirement of strength with diamagnetic material, can alleviate rotor weight, improves the dynamic property of motor, and this kind motor has solved the low problem of general switched reluctance machines copper factor simultaneously.
In addition; Also need explain; The present invention can use other forms of switched reluctance machines equally, and for example all 8/6 structure switch magnetic resistance motor with above is similar for other structure applications inner and outer rotors switched reluctance machines of the present invention execution modes such as 6/4,12/10,12/8, repeats no more here.
Though preferred embodiment of the present invention has disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and any those skilled in the art are in the scope that does not break away from the present invention and disclosed, when doing a little change and adjustment.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is mixed short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor; Include stationary part, rotor portion and excitation winding; It is characterized in that said stationary part comprises a plurality of stator segments and be placed on first permanent magnet between each stator segment that first permanent magnet polarity of each stator segment both sides is opposite; Excitation winding is positioned in the stator slot of each stator segment;
Rotor portion comprises rotor block, is installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and second permanent magnet that change on the font, and this second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion;
When zero load, the magnetic field that first permanent magnet of stationary part and second permanent magnet of rotor portion produce forms the loop through rotor section and stator segment respectively, does not produce operational forces; When load; The excitation winding energising produces magnetic flux, changes its course and form the loop through rotor in the magnetic field that forces stationary part first permanent magnet to produce; When magnetic flux passes through rotor section; Destroy the closed-loop path of second intrinsic on the rotor section permanent magnet, the magnetic flux that second permanent magnet on a part and the rotor section produces forms the closed-loop path, produces revolving force simultaneously.
2. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each stator segment notch is placed with the separated magnetic patch that diamagnetic material is processed.
3. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that, stator segment is a C type stator segment.
4. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thin slice that stator segment and ring-shaped rotor section are made by soft magnetic material is overrided to form.
5. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1 is characterized in that, rotor block adopts diamagnetic material to process.
6. a rotor structure that mixes short Magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor is characterized in that, comprising:
Rotor block;
Be installed in a plurality of ring-shaped rotor sections and corresponding second permanent magnet on this commentaries on classics font, said second permanent magnet is placed on the opening part of the installation position of ring-shaped rotor section and rotor block, and forms three-back-shaped structure with ring-shaped rotor section yoke portion.
7. rotor structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the thin slice that the ring-shaped rotor section is made by soft magnetic material is overrided to form.
8. rotor structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that, rotor block adopts diamagnetic material to process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100798164A CN102723836A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100798164A CN102723836A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof |
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| CN2011100798164A Pending CN102723836A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Compound short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101552526A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 浙江大学 | A magnetic field enhancement type permanent magnet switch magnetic linkage motor |
| CN201994818U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-28 | 周智庆 | Mixed short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-03-31 CN CN2011100798164A patent/CN102723836A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101552526A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 浙江大学 | A magnetic field enhancement type permanent magnet switch magnetic linkage motor |
| CN201994818U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-28 | 周智庆 | Mixed short magnetic circuit switch reluctance motor and rotor structure thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈小元等: "分块开关磁阻电机的研究现状及其新结构构想", 《电工技术学报》 * |
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