CN102721449B - Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount - Google Patents
Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721449B CN102721449B CN201210214128.9A CN201210214128A CN102721449B CN 102721449 B CN102721449 B CN 102721449B CN 201210214128 A CN201210214128 A CN 201210214128A CN 102721449 B CN102721449 B CN 102721449B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount, which comprises the following steps of: (1) shearing a whole piece of a commercially available plastic wrap which is slightly larger than a rill, completely covering the rill, and gently pressing the outline of the rill by hands; (2) arranging a container (1) at a part of 10 to 20cm above the rill to be measured, switching on a circular shifting switch (4), and discharging solid small balls in the container (1) which is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and has the diameter of 1 to 3mm through a reducing round tube (5); (3) continuously moving the container (1) until the surface of the small ball in the rill is flush with the earth's surface at the periphery of the rill; and (4) observing the scales of the container (1), namely the volume of the small ball used in the container is the volume of the rill, namely the volume of the eroded soil; and repeating the processes if the rill soil erosion amount exceeds 2,000 cubic centimeters, and adding the results. The method has the advantages of simplicity, rapid and accurate measurement and low section disturbance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water and soil conservation field, be specifically related to a kind of method of quick and convenient mensuration slope rill soil erosion amount.
Background technology
Soil erosion is the main cause causing fertility to degenerate, it is again the main source of river load and Waters Non-Point Source Pollution, serious soil erosion causes arable land minimizing, soil fertility decay, until the essence of fertility is destroyed, constituting serious threat to agricultural development, people's life and existence, is one of current global property disaster affecting Environment and development.Soil erosion directly affects agricultural production and by continuing the sustainable development of impact agricultural, food security will be threatened to supply.
Research soil erosion process is for the conservation of soil and water, the living environment improving the mankind, particularly significant to the sustainable development of poverty-stricken area.
Rill erosion is the frequent a kind of erosional forms of sloping upland, and rill erosion is mainly produced by rainstorm erosion.Rill erosion produces sand to slope soil erosion significant contribution, and is that the transition developed to rill erosion is lost in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces by face.
Rill erosion reduces land fertility and production arability.Organic matter in soil and the fine grained of full nitrogen in corrosive substance are combined, and have taken away biological required nutriment.The fine sand be flushed away enters channel system the most at last, causes ditch pool, garage and channel to deposit, and agricultural drainage and irrigation ability declines.
Rill erosion is one of extremely important erosion processes, has status of crucial importance in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, domatic particularly outstanding in China Canal in Loess Area, and the major way of China's Loess Surface Eroded and strong erosion produce husky important root.
Rill is the important object of domestic and international soil erosion study.The mechanism of action of research rill erosion has become the major technique key that sloping upland corrodes dynamic monitoring and water-and-soil conservation measures enforcement deployment.Estimation rill erosion amount determines one of sloping upland foundation taking water-and-soil conservation measures.
Carry out Rill Erosion kinetic procedure research, be unable to do without the measurement for the morphological parameters of rill, rill volume had both reflected the size of scouring amount of soil, reflected again the feature of Wash flow in rill simultaneously, was very important parameter in rill research.The method of this parameter was cross-sectional area and the length of manual measurement rill in the past, then the volume of rill is calculated, due to the section configuration of rill and size be one constantly change irregularly shaped, therefore, comparatively big error is had between the result measured and actual value, and soft rill limit wall constantly will be contacted in measuring process, very easily cause the change of rill section, have influence on subsequent experimental.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention provides a kind of method measuring rill scouring amount of soil for the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A measuring method for slope rill soil erosion amount, comprises the steps:
(1) commercially available preservative film is sheared out a full wafer slightly larger than rill, then complete covering rill, and extrude rill profile with have gentle hands flicking;
(2) container (1) is placed in 10-20cm place above rill to be measured; Open circular plectrum switch (4), container (1) interior material is PVC, the solid bead of diameter 1-3mm leaks into rill by reducing pipe (5);
(3) continuous mobile containers (1), until the bead surface in rill is fair with rill periphery earth's surface, rill fills up;
(4) observe the scale of container (1), the bead volume of using up in container is rill volume, the soil volume be namely washed; If rill scouring amount of soil is more than 2000cm
3, repeat above process, and incite somebody to action results added several times;
(5) after having measured, preservative film corner is mentioned, bead is collected and treats that next time is reused.
In water and soil conservation field, rill erosion is one of extremely important erosion processes, there is status of crucial importance in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, it is the important object of international soil erosion study, Rill Erosion kinetic procedure research, be unable to do without the measurement to rill wash amount, present method solves the deficiency of conventional method measuring error comparatively greatly and to the disturbance of rill section, there is method simple, measure quick and precisely, the advantage little to section disturbance, is deep understanding and announcement Rill Erosion process and mechanism, provides a kind of advanced method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the container of the inventive method utensil used;
Fig. 2 is the container pipe of the inventive method utensil used;
Fig. 3 is the reducing pipe of the inventive method utensil used.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The measuring method of slope rill soil erosion amount of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) commercially available preservative film is sheared out a full wafer slightly larger than rill, then complete covering rill, and extrude rill profile with have gentle hands flicking.
(2) container 1 is placed in 10-20cm place above rill to be measured.Open circular plectrum switch 4, in container 1, material is PVC, the solid bead of diameter 1-3mm leaks into rill by reducing pipe 5.
(3) continuous mobile containers 1, until the bead surface in rill is fair with rill periphery earth's surface, rill fills up.
(4) observe the scale of container 1, the bead volume of using up in container is rill volume, the soil volume be namely washed.If rill scouring amount of soil is more than 2000cm
3, repeat above process, and incite somebody to action results added several times.
(5) after having measured, preservative film corner is mentioned, bead is collected and treats that next time is reused.
With the supporting utensil structure of this method as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, comprising a capacity is 2000cm
3there is flexible handle (not shown) container 1 both sides, and outside of containers is carved and is painted with containing mark, and upper vessel portion is open type, and the circular hole 2 that an internal diameter is 2cm is offered in container 1 side near bottom, circular hole 2 periphery is hickey; Also comprise an internal diameter 2cm, pipe 3 that length is 3cm, all there is hickey at pipe two ends; The circular plectrum switch 4 that one diameter is identical with pipe 3 external diameter, radial direction is arranged on the centre of pipe 3, plays on-off action.One reducing pipe 5, length 5-10cm, stub end has hickey, and internal diameter is 2cm; Little head end is one 45 ° of inclined-planes 6, and internal diameter is 1cm.All material is all hard transparent PVC.
During use, pipe 3 is attached on the hickey of circular hole 2, then reducing pipe 5 is attached on the hickey of pipe 3, close the circular plectrum switch 4 on pipe 3, load 2000cm in the container 1
3material is the solid bead of PVC diameter 1-3mm.Measure complete, reverse-order is dismantled.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a measuring method for slope rill soil erosion amount, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) commercially available preservative film is sheared out a full wafer slightly larger than rill, then complete covering rill, and extrude rill profile with have gentle hands flicking;
(2) container (1) is placed in 10-20cm place above rill to be measured; Open circular plectrum switch (4), container (1) interior material is PVC, the solid bead of diameter 1-3mm leaks into rill by reducing pipe (5);
(3) continuous mobile containers (1), until the bead surface in rill is fair with rill periphery earth's surface, rill fills up;
(4) observe the scale of container (1), the bead volume of using up in container is rill volume, the soil volume be namely washed; If rill scouring amount of soil is more than 2000cm
3, repeat above step (2)-(3), and incite somebody to action results added several times;
With the utensil that described method is supporting, comprising a capacity is 2000cm
3container (1), there is flexible handle both sides, and outside of containers is carved and is painted with containing mark, and upper vessel portion is open type, the circular hole (2) that an internal diameter is 2cm is offered in container (1) side near bottom, circular hole (2) periphery is hickey; Also comprise an internal diameter 2cm, pipe (3) that length is 3cm, all there is hickey at pipe two ends; The circular plectrum switch (4) that one diameter is identical with pipe (3) external diameter, radial direction is arranged on the centre of pipe (3), plays on-off action; One reducing pipe (5), length 5-10cm, stub end has hickey, and internal diameter is the little head end of 2cm is one 45 ° of inclined-planes (6), and internal diameter is 1cm; All material is all hard transparent PVC.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210214128.9A CN102721449B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210214128.9A CN102721449B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102721449A CN102721449A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN102721449B true CN102721449B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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| CN201210214128.9A Expired - Fee Related CN102721449B (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-06-25 | Method for measuring slope rill soil erosion amount |
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| CN109613209A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-12 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of crop field simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit |
| CN109613208A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-12 | 贵州师范大学 | A kind of simulation experiment method of sloping upland gutter soil and water conservation benefit |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU527595A1 (en) * | 1974-04-08 | 1976-09-05 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Защиты Почв От Эрозии Всесоюзной Ордена Ленина Академии Сельскохозяйственных Наук | Device for measuring soil washout |
| CN2076231U (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1991-05-01 | 北京燕山石油化工公司炼油厂 | Automatic power charging and metering installation |
| CN2510834Y (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-09-11 | 马龙新 | Controlling and metering device for dumping powder and granule |
| US6905289B1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-06-14 | Peter S. Sanguinetti | Sediment control device and system |
| PL216075B1 (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2014-02-28 | Lubelska Polt | Method of anti-erosion protection of slopes |
| CN101334309A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-31 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Rill erosion amount measurement method and its determinator |
| CN101776679A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-14 | 北京林业大学 | Technology for observing slope soil erosion on fixed point by probability integration method |
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