CN102721059B - Low-heating-value gas burner and burning technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a low calorific value gas burner and combustion technology, the burner includes: a stable combustion gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the burner to supply stable combustion gas, an igniter located in the stable combustion gas channel and The main gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis to supply the main gas, the stable combustion gas channel has a first gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis for transporting the stable combustion gas near the inlet end and a first gas channel for transporting the stable combustion gas. The first air channel for combustion gas combustion air, the stable combustion gas channel is formed with a first mixing zone near the outlet end, the main gas channel includes a first channel extending along the longitudinal axis for transporting combustion air Two air channels and the second gas channel for transporting the main gas, the first gas channel and the first air channel are both provided In fluid communication with the guard combustion zone.

Description

Low calorific value gas burner and combustion method

technical field

The invention relates to combustion technology, in particular to a low calorific value gas burner and the combustion technology.

Background technique

With the development of society, various combustible gases with low calorific value will be produced in more and more occasions, and this combustible gas cannot be directly discharged into the atmosphere as the country's emission requirements increase. Moreover, from the point of view of energy utilization, it is also a great waste to discharge directly into the atmosphere, which requires us to design a combustion device that can stably burn this type of low calorific value gas.

In order to meet the above requirements, some manufacturers have designed such products. Although these products can also operate stably, they cannot operate efficiently and at low cost. The biggest defect is that when burning these low calorific value gases, it is necessary to use high calorific value high-quality fuel as an eternal flame to supplement combustion to maintain low calorific value. The flame stability of the fuel makes the operating costs relatively high. On the other hand, because low calorific value gas is generally difficult to burn, in order to meet the combustion requirements, such products are generally designed with an increased excess air coefficient, which will lead to greater smoke loss and lower thermal efficiency.

The name is: Patent No.: 200580034642 Chinese patent discloses "burner and burner working method for burning low calorific value gas". An air channel for air; a gas channel through which a low calorific value gas with a large volume flow passes, wherein the gas channel and the air channel all lead to a mixing zone, wherein the air channel has a fluid connection with the The outlet area immediately adjacent to the mixing area is provided with a vortex generating element for generating vortex combustion air in the outlet area. Although this technology improves the mixing result in the mixing zone by accurately positioning the vortex generating element in the air channel, this improvement is limited, or the gas mixing is not very sufficient, or there will be flashback phenomenon; The performance requirements of the vortex machine are also very high, which increases its operating cost accordingly, and different types of gas are mixed, and the positioning of the position is not the same, thus limiting the application range of this technology; third, this technology does not solve the problem of combustion zone and External insulation problems, and thus lower combustion efficiency.

In view of the above reasons, there is an urgent need for a low calorific value gas burner and a method for effectively burning gas that can mix evenly, stably and efficiently burn without an open flame, thereby improving combustion efficiency, reducing operating costs and helping to protect the environment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies existing in the existing low calorific value gas burners, and to develop a combustion technology that is more conducive to the combustion of low calorific value gas. Combustion with an excess air ratio matching that required for high-quality fuel.

The invention provides a low calorific value gas burner and a method for burning gas using the burner. The burner includes: a stable combustion gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the burner to supply stable combustion gas, a The igniter in the channel and the main gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the burner to supply the main gas, the side of the stable combustion gas channel near the inlet end has a first gas channel extending along the longitudinal axis for delivering stable combustion gas and The first air passage for transporting air that matches the combustion of the stable combustion gas, the first mixing zone is formed on the side of the stable combustion gas passage near the outlet end, the main gas passage includes a channel extending along the longitudinal axis of the burner for The second air channel for transporting combustion air and the second gas channel for transporting main gas are characterized in that: a hysteresis zone formed by a hysteresis belt is provided near the outlet end of the first gas channel in the first mixing zone, Both the first gas passage and the first air passage are in fluid communication with the secondary combustion zone. The first gas passage and the first air passage have respective inlets. The second air passage and the second gas passage have respective inlets. Preferably, the longitudinal central axis of the stable combustion gas channel substantially coincides with the longitudinal central axis of the burner.

In a preferred embodiment, the first air channel is divided into two parts: a main channel and an output channel, the length of the output channel is much shorter than the main channel, and the main channel intersects with the output channel, preferably 70 °-110°, more preferably intersecting 85°-95°, most preferably intersecting at 90°; the output channel is in fluid communication with the hysteresis zone through the hysteresis zone. Preferably, the main channel is parallel to the first gas channel, the main channel surrounds the first gas channel, there is a distance between the inner wall of the main channel and the outer wall of the first gas channel, and the longitudinal central axis of the first gas channel is in line with the burner The longitudinal central axes of the two are substantially coincident; the first gas channel intersects the output channel, preferably at 70°-110°, more preferably at 85°-95°, and most preferably at 90°.

In a preferred embodiment, a turning member is provided at the outlet of the first mixing zone, so that the direction of the gas sprayed from the first mixing zone intersects with the direction of the longitudinal axis, preferably 30°-60°, more preferably 40° °-50°, most preferably 45°.

In a preferred embodiment, the second air channel and the second gas channel have the same central axis, the second air channel surrounds the outlet end of the second gas channel, and exits from the outlet of the second gas channel Continue to extend toward the longitudinal axis, so that a second mixing zone is formed inside the second air passage and outside the outlet of the second gas passage, wherein the inner wall of the second air passage at the surrounding area is in contact with the second There is a space between the outer walls of the gas channel.

In a preferred embodiment, a first device for controlling the diversion of the main gas is arranged in the second gas passage, and a second device for controlling the diversion of the air is arranged in the second air passage; the two devices The main gas and air flowing through are respectively rotated in opposite directions.

In a preferred embodiment, said first device is flush with said second device along a direction perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.

In a preferred embodiment, the second gas channel is provided with a shaft along the center of its axis, and the shaft extends out of the second air channel and continues to extend forward along the longitudinal direction, and a flow guide is provided at the extension end A third mixing zone is formed between the deflector and the outlet of the second air channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the deflector is inclined toward the direction of the longitudinal center axis of the burner and extends forward, so as to guide the main combustion mixture to flow substantially toward the direction of the longitudinal center axis of the burner.

In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the deflector and the longitudinal axis is 30°-75°, preferably 40°-50°, most preferably 45°.

In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle of the igniter is arranged at the center of the hysteresis zone along the longitudinal central axis of the burner, and communicates with the hysteresis zone.

In a preferred embodiment, near the outlet end of the main gas passage, there is a baffle arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and the baffle is provided with ventilation holes.

In a preferred embodiment, there are multiple main gas passages, preferably 6-15, more preferably 8-12, which are evenly arranged radially around the stable combustion gas passage.

In a preferred embodiment, each of the plurality of main gas passages is self-contained, having its own main gas inlet and combustion air inlet.

In a preferred embodiment, the protective combustion belt is made of high temperature resistant refractory material, and the protective combustion belt is configured to be detachable and replaceable.

A method of using the burner to burn low calorific value gas, comprising the following steps:

a. At the same time, the stable combustion gas and combustion air are transported to the Wei combustion area through the first gas channel and the first air channel to mix to form the first mixed gas, and the first mixed gas is ignited with the igniter, and the second mixed gas can be burned until the second mixed gas The combustion temperature required for stable combustion of gas;

b. The main gas and combustion air are transported to the second mixing zone through the first device and the second device through the second gas channel and the second air channel to form the second mixed gas;

c. Let the second mixed gas flow to the third mixing zone, and further mix evenly under the action of the deflector;

d. Let the first mixed gas that reaches the combustion temperature sprayed at an angle to the longitudinal axis in the stable combustion gas channel ignite the third mixed gas guided by the deflector, so as to realize the separation of the main gas and the stable combustion gas Burn fully.

In a preferred embodiment, the main gas is low calorific value gas.

In a preferred embodiment, the combustion in the combustion zone does not have an ignited flame to support combustion.

In a preferred embodiment, the angle is 30°-60°, preferably 40°-50°, most preferably 45°.

In a preferred embodiment, the stable combustion gas is low calorific value gas.

In the low calorific value gas burner provided by the present invention, the first gas channel and the output channel of the first air channel are at an angle, so that when the stable combustion gas and the combustion air enter the first mixing zone, since the two flow directions intersect, they can Quickly realize the full mixing of the two, which is conducive to the full combustion of the stable combustion gas; and because the guard combustion zone formed by the guard combustion zone is set up, the heat is not dissipated to the maximum extent, and the stable high temperature in the guard combustion zone is ensured. Therefore, the combustion temperature required for the stable combustion of the low calorific value gas can be provided without the combustion support of the permanent flame, the combustion efficiency of the stable combustion gas and the use efficiency of heat are improved, and the stable combustion of the stable combustion gas is also guaranteed.

In this burner, the first device and the second device respectively used to control the rotation of the combustion air and the main gas provided in the second gas passage and the second air passage make the two rotate in opposite directions, and in the second In the second air channel, the second mixing zone outside the outlet of the second gas channel, these settings greatly speed up the mixing speed of the main gas and combustion air, and the third formed between the deflector and the outlet of the second air channel The mixing zone further facilitates the mixing of main gas and combustion air. The sufficient mixing of main gas and combustion air improves the combustion efficiency of main gas and reduces environmental pollution. Near the outlet end of the main gas channel, a partition is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and a ventilation hole is arranged on the partition. The setting of the partition effectively prevents gas or air or mixed gas from flowing back into the burner, and at the same time, the small holes set on the partition can provide air to the area where the main gas is burned, so that the mixed gas around the combustion area flows to the combustion area. zone, further making the combustion more complete.

In this burner, a plurality of main gas channels are set, which are evenly arranged radially around the stable combustion gas channel, each of which is self-contained, with its own main gas inlet and combustion air inlet, so that the super mixing of gas can be realized , to ensure high-efficiency combustion of low calorific value gas without increasing the excess air coefficient.

In addition, the guard combustion belt is set to be detachable, which greatly improves the service life of the entire burner.

To sum up, the burner and its usage method provided by the present invention can realize the stable and efficient combustion of the main gas and the stable combustion gas, which not only has good economic benefits, but also has a positive effect on environmental protection. The application of this combustion technology enables the combustion of blast furnace gas, industrial tail gas, carbon black tail gas and other types of gas with a calorific value greater than or equal to 680KCal/Nm3 and a pressure greater than or equal to 4KPa to be able to burn stably and efficiently without an open flame, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Reduce operating costs. The burner is easy to replace parts such as the combustion belt, and the whole burner is durable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a low calorific value gas burner;

Figure 2 is a view of the opposite end of the combustion end of a low heating value gas burner.

Detailed ways

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments of the invention as shown in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, several specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without some or all of these specific details. In other instances, well known techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.

Please note that the specific embodiments of the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. In the drawings, the same numerals represent the same or similar elements.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a low calorific value gas burner. Among them, the stable combustion gas A enters from the inlet 11, passes through the first gas channel 12 and reaches the secondary combustion zone 121 in the first mixing zone 122, and the combustion air B enters from the inlet 21, passes through the main channel 22 and the output channel of the first air channel 23 enters the combustion zone 121 in the first mixing zone 122, the first gas channel and the main channel 22 intersect with the output channel 23 to form about 85°, that is, the output direction of the output channel 23 is biased towards the output port of the first gas channel 12, In the Wei combustion area, the stable combustion gas A and the combustion air B are fully mixed to form the first mixed gas, and the igniter 20 is used to ignite the first mixed gas to burn in the Wei combustion area to form high-temperature stable combustion flue gas F. The air F passes through the outlet 123 and is ejected in the direction 222 by the function of the diverting member (not shown).

The main gas C enters from the inlet 31, passes through the second gas channel 32 and rotates clockwise through the first device 33 to reach the second mixing zone 66; the air D matched with the main gas enters from the inlet 41, passes through the second air channel 42 and Rotate counterclockwise through the second device 43 and enter the second mixing zone 66; in the second mixing zone 66, the main gas C, which rotates in the opposite direction, is mixed with the air D to form the second mixed gas M; the second mixed gas moves forward Flow toward the third mixing zone 55, and form the third mixed gas E mainly flowing in the direction 333 under the action of the deflector 67. The third mixed gas E passes through the high-temperature stable combustion flue gas F ejected along the direction 222 Ignite and start burning in the combustion zone.

During the combustion process, air is input into the combustion zone through the hole 77 on the partition plate 76, so that the mixed gas remaining around the combustion zone is guided to the combustion zone 88, so as to realize sufficient combustion.

Compared with other traditional technologies, the technology of the present invention can improve the combustion efficiency of the stable combustion gas and the main combustion gas, and the stable combustion gas can burn stably without the combustion support of an open flame, which improves economic benefits and is beneficial to environmental protection , In addition, the present invention is simple and convenient to operate.

While this invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, there are alterations, permutations, and various alternative equivalents, which fall within the scope of this invention. It should also be noted that there are many alternative ways of implementing the method and burner of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to embrace all such modifications, permutations and various alternative equivalents as fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a low heat value gas combustion burner, this burner comprises: the supply of extending along this burner y direction is the steady combustion blast tube of combustion gas surely, the main blast tube of the main combustion gas of supply that is positioned at the igniter of this steady combustion blast tube and extends along described y direction, this steady combustion blast tube is carried first blast tube extending along described y direction of steady combustion combustion gas and for delivery of the first air duct that coordinates the air of steady combustion fuel gas buring near distolateral being useful on of entrance, this steady combustion blast tube is near distolateral first mixed zone that is formed with of outlet, described main blast tube comprises and extending along described y direction, for delivery of the second air duct of combustion air with for delivery of the second blast tube of described main combustion gas,

This burner is characterized in that: in this first mixed zone, near the first blast tube port of export, be provided with by wall with refractory lining, refracto and form Wei Ran district, described wall with refractory lining, refracto is made by resistant to elevated temperatures refractory material, and wall with refractory lining, refracto is arranged to dismantled and assembled replacing, described the first blast tube and described the first air duct be Yu Gaiweiran district fluid communication all; Described the second blast tube Yan Qizhou center is provided with axostylus axostyle, this axostylus axostyle extends to pass the second air duct and continue and extends forward along y direction, at this elongated end, be provided with deflector, described deflector tilts towards the direction of longitudinal center's axis direction of described burner and extension forward, between this deflector and the outlet of the second air duct, forms the 3rd mixed zone; Near the main blast tube port of export, there is the dividing plate arranging perpendicular to described y direction, on described dividing plate, be provided with passage.

2. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described the first air duct is divided into main channel and output channel two parts, and this main channel and this output channel intersect, and this main channel is parallel with the first blast tube.

3. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: this main channel holds this first blast tube, between this main channel inwall and this first blast tube outer wall, have spacing, and longitudinal center's axis of this first blast tube and longitudinal center's axis of this burner overlap.

4. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the exit of described the first mixed zone is provided with steering component, makes to intersect from combustion gas direction and the described y direction of described the first mixed zone ejection.

5. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the second air duct and described the second blast tube coaxial line, described the second air duct holds the port of export of described the second blast tube, and continue to extend towards described y direction from described the second blast tube exit, thereby within described the second air duct, outside described the second blast tube exit, form the second mixed zone, between the inwall of described the second air duct of locating in the described interval holding and the outer wall of described the second blast tube, have spacing.

6. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described the second blast tube, be provided with and control the first device that described main combustion gas turns to, be provided with the second device of controlling described air diverts in described the second air duct.

7. low heat value gas combustion burner according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described the first device make respectively described main combustion gas with described the second device and the air of flowing through in described the second air duct along contrary direction rotation.

8. according to the low heat value gas combustion burner described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described main blast tube has many, it radially evenly arranges around steady combustion blast tube, every in described many main blast tubes all establishes one's own system, and has main fuel gas inlet and combustion air entrance separately.

9. use according to the method for the low heat value gas combustion burner combustion gas described in any one in claim 1-7, it comprises the following steps:

A. surely combustion gas and combustion air are transported to Wei Ran district via the first blast tube and the first air duct respectively and are mixed to form the first air mixture simultaneously, with igniter, light the first air mixture, burning is to allowing the needed ignition temperature of the second air mixture smooth combustion;

B. main combustion gas and combustion air are transported to the second mixed zone via the first device and the second device by the second blast tube and the second air duct respectively and are mixed to form described the second air mixture;

C. allow the second mist flow to the 3rd mixed zone, under the effect of deflector, further mix;

D. allow in described steady combustion blast tube and to light the 3rd air mixture of being come by described deflector guiding with the first air mixture of the described ignition temperature of reaching of the angled ejection of y direction of described burner, thereby realize the abundant burning of described main combustion gas and described steady combustion combustion gas.

10. use the method for low heat value gas combustion burner combustion gas according to claim 8, it comprises the following steps:

A. surely combustion gas and combustion air are transported to Wei Ran district via the first blast tube and the first air duct respectively and are mixed to form the first air mixture simultaneously, with igniter, light the first air mixture, burning is to allowing the needed ignition temperature of the second air mixture smooth combustion;

B. main combustion gas and combustion air are transported to the second mixed zone via the first device and the second device by the second blast tube and the second air duct respectively and are mixed to form described the second air mixture;

C. allow the second mist flow to the 3rd mixed zone, under the effect of deflector, further mix;

D. allow in described steady combustion blast tube and to light the 3rd air mixture of being come by described deflector guiding with the first air mixture of the described ignition temperature of reaching of the angled ejection of y direction of described burner, thereby realize the abundant burning of described main combustion gas and described steady combustion combustion gas.