CN102709614A - Method for charging and discharging lithium secondary battery - Google Patents
Method for charging and discharging lithium secondary battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for charging and discharging a lithium secondary battery. The discharging method of the invention adopts a shallow discharging mode. The discharging method of the lithium secondary battery comprises the following steps: step b1: reducing the power of electric equipment so as to reduce the discharge current and start to discharge; step b2: discharging the normal discharging current; and step b3: reducing the power of the electric equipment so as to reduce the discharging current and finish the discharging. The discharging current is reduced to discharge at both the beginning and the ending of discharging, the influence on the battery performance for the uneven current density between the monomer batteries linked in parallel or the inner part of the monomer battery can be reduced, so that the battery performance is improved; the discharging current can be lowered by reducing the power of the electric equipment, the method is simple to realize.
Description
Technical field
Female case of the present invention is a denomination of invention: the charging of lithium secondary battery and charging method; Application number 201010506882.0; The applying date: the division on October 14th, 2010, relate to lithium secondary battery and use the field, relate in particular to a kind of charging and charging method of lithium secondary battery.
Background technology
Lithium secondary battery is a kind of ideal source because of its operating voltage is high, volume is little, in light weight, have extended cycle life.
Along with the development of electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, miniature electric automobile, electrocar, electronic big bus, stand-by power supply, energy-accumulating power station, also increasing to the demand of the higher battery pack of gross energy.The large-capacity battery pack electric current of monomer high capacity cell or low-voltage is big, lead is thick, energy efficiency is low owing to use, so the voltage of battery pack can not be done too lowly; But, battery consistency equal angles withstand voltage from insulation, fail safe and electronic devices and components considers that the voltage of battery pack can not be De Taigao, so the capacity of battery pack also can not be too low, takes all factors into consideration the battery pack that therefore back needs high voltage, larger capacity.And the following two kinds of combining forms of the general employing of the acquisition of the lithium secondary battery of high voltage, larger capacity.
Combining form one: the cell of several low capacities also is unified into jumbo battery; Several jumbo battery strings are unified into the jumbo battery pack of high voltage;
Combining form two: directly adopt several jumbo cells to be connected into the jumbo battery pack of high voltage.
Lithium secondary battery for combining form one; Form each cell of lithium secondary battery owing to create conditions different with temperature, charge-discharge magnification, charging state, use course etc.; Performances such as the capacity of battery, internal resistance, charging/discharging voltage and self-discharge rate there are differences each other; Along with the increase that discharges and recharges number of times (cycle-index) and service time, the consistency between the cell is variation gradually; Lithium secondary battery for combining form two; Because jumbo cell is inner no matter be made up of the parallel connection of a plurality of positive and negative electrode pole piece; Still constitute by single positive and negative electrode pole piece; In fact finally still be equivalent to the cell parallel connection of several low capacities in the combining form one, therefore along with the increase that discharges and recharges number of times (cycle-index) and service time, the consistency between inside battery pole piece and the material is also in variation progressively.
Battery is to have polarization in charge and discharge process in addition, and polarization is divided into three types of ohmic polarizations, electrochemical polarization, concentration polarization, and response speed separately is also different.The factor that influences degree of polarization is a lot, but charging and discharging currents density is big more generally speaking, and polarization is also just big more.When therefore discharging current was big more, the discharge voltage of battery was low more; When charging current was big more, the charging voltage of battery was high more.
Fig. 1 is two cell parallel connection sketch mapes.For new battery pack; The capacity of cell will pass through strict screening before combination; The voltage of each cell is also substantially the same, and the internal resistance of battery, to connect charge and discharge platform (saying it is dynamic charging/discharging voltage in the strictness) under resistance, the different multiplying etc. be uppity relatively.So the convenience in order to analyze, do following hypothesis among Fig. 1: two cell initial end voltages are the same, and charging state all is 100%; Be the current discharge of constant 100A (100%) with total current after two cell parallel connections; Two each discharging currents of cell with 50A (50%), discharge capacity is identical under the identical final discharging voltage; Owing to consistency aspect reasons such as internal resistance, connection resistance, cause the discharge platform of two batteries to differ bigger, suppose the discharge platform high 0.3V of the discharge platform of battery A than battery B.Then during two cell parallel discharges discharging current percentage and discharge time progress curve generally as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2; At the discharge initial stage; The discharging current of the battery A that discharge platform is high can promptly discharge the initial stage greater than the discharging current of the low battery B of discharge platform, and the discharging current of battery A can be greater than the average discharge current of 50A (50%); Or be called the electric current that is directly proportional with capacity, and the discharging current of battery B can be less than the average discharge current of 50A (50%); Discharging latter stage, the discharging current of battery A can promptly discharge latter stage less than the discharging current of battery B, and the discharging current of battery A can be less than average discharge current, and the discharging current of battery B can be greater than average discharge current.
Its reason is, in the cell parallel connection charge and discharge process, under the normal condition according to the electrotechnics principle; The terminal voltage of every cell is the same, at the discharge initial stage, because the discharge voltage of battery A is higher than the discharge voltage of battery B under the same electric current; When having only the discharging current of battery A big relatively; The polarization of battery A could be relatively large, and the discharge voltage of battery A could reduce about 0.3V, could guarantee that like this discharge initial stage battery A is consistent with the terminal voltage of battery B.Therefore at the discharge initial stage, the discharging current of the battery A that discharge platform is high will inevitably be analyzed greater than average current in theory, and the discharging current of battery A all might be near 100% under the extreme case.Carrying out along with discharge; Because the discharging current of battery A is big during beginning, its many of Capacity Ratio battery B that emit must get more and more, and also just battery B is more and more lower relatively for the charging state of battery A; The voltage that charging state is corresponding is also just more and more lower; For the terminal voltage that guarantees battery A is consistent with the terminal voltage of battery B, the discharging current of battery A just polarizing voltage is just more and more littler, and the discharging current of battery B is also just increasing; Analyze in theory, the discharging current of discharge battery B in latter stage also might be near 100% down for extreme case.Because the heating (heating of polarization resistance) of inside battery is I2Rt (integration); And electric current is big more, and polarization resistance is also just big more, calculates according to simple mathematical just can draw the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION inequality and will inevitably cause inside battery heating increase; The average voltage of battery discharge reduces; Problems such as battery output energy reduction, such as: having put electricly in the battery request 2h of 10Ah, is the highest with the energy of its output of 5A constant-current discharge 2h.
In like manner; The same to initial end voltage; Charging state all is 0%; Charging capacity is identical under mean charging current and same identical charge conditions such as charging cut-ff voltage, but owing to internal resistance, connect consistency aspect reason such as resistance, and can occur when causing the charging platform (dynamic electric voltage during charging) of battery to differ bigger two cell charged in parallels that the high battery charge of charging platform begins can be less than average current; But its charging current can be increasing subsequently, even the phenomenon greater than average current can occur.
Therefore no matter be combining form one or combining form two; All can be owing to charge and discharge platform, internal resistance, capacity, access times etc. between batteries in parallel connection or the parallelly connected pole piece inconsistent causes the inconsistent of electric current distribution; This will further cause the inconsistent of service condition between battery or the pole piece again, thereby cause finally that big, the heating of current density sometimes of battery or pole piece, discharge platform step-down, charging platform uprise, situation such as internal resistance increase, battery material structure are damaged, cycle performance variation occur.Because the increasing of the consistency discreteness between end-of-cycle batteries in parallel connection or the pole piece, electric current distribution are also just inconsistent more, therefore at end-of-cycle, the decay of battery performance aggravates, and is prone to produce separating out in flakes even the also easy safety problem that produces of lithium.
It is thus clear that between the batteries in parallel connection inconsistency of electric current distribution mainly be by quantity, the size of current of batteries in parallel connection, discharge and recharge scope, the battery different electric flows down decision such as charge and discharge platform difference between charge-discharge characteristic, the batteries in parallel connection.Therefore the more battery capacities just of the more or parallelly connected pole piece quantity of batteries in parallel connection quantity are bigger and charging and discharging currents is big more, when discharging and recharging between the parallelly connected cell or cell internal current density variation just maybe be big more.This is the performance that large capacity single body battery or small-capacity cells and the performance that is unified into high capacity cell can not show a candle to the small-capacity cells that similar process conditions make, particularly in the more tangible major reason of gap in latter stage of circulation; Also be large capacity single body battery or high capacity cell good cycle under little multiplying power electric current sometimes, but the small-capacity cells that makes with respect to similar process conditions, a big bad major reason of multiplying power current cycle performance.Therefore do not advise adopting rapid large-current charging and heavy-current discharge for high capacity cell.Can know that in addition the high power high capacity cell group is higher to the coherence request of battery, also higher to the requirement of equipment, material etc.If further analysis also can draw in charge and discharge process and battery stopped to discharge and recharge (leaving standstill) midway, between the battery or innerly can produce the charging state balance, thereby the battery charging and discharging capacity is increased, performance series of conclusions such as improve.
Above-mentioned analysis is to being cells designs such as employing large capacity single body battery or low capacity cell, cylindrical battery or rectangular cell, winding process or lamination technology; Those equipment are the most important in the battery manufacture process, the screening before the battery combination, high power high capacity cell group application notice; The problem that the cylindrical battery combination exists when using; The points for attention of heat analysis and heat management, the physical mixed of the material of different discharge platforms is used, and new used batteries mixing is used; The parallel connection of different capabilities battery is used, and the exploitation of battery management system etc. all has certain directive function.
Lithium secondary battery adopts by battery management system in the use overcharges and over to each cell in the lithium secondary battery; General is exactly full charging and full discharge control, just battery management system to the scope of every monomer battery voltage control be basically the battery charge attitude be 100% and charging state be 0% o'clock voltage range.And the charging deboost of the supporting charger of lithium secondary battery is a maximum output voltage, also is battery 100% required voltage when being full of electricity basically.Because lithium secondary battery is used with electric machine controller under a lot of situation when using, the under-voltage protection value of electric machine controller also is that the magnitude of voltage when having put electricity by lithium secondary battery 100% designs basically.Through above-mentioned analysis can also see consistency to series-connected cell in the battery pack influence maybe also the influence to batteries in parallel connection inside be not big.
Charging method when lithium secondary battery uses at present generally is to adopt simple modified constant-voltage charge; Wherein the constant voltage charge process is only carried out once; And this constant charging voltage is exactly the charging deboost of the supporting charger of lithium secondary battery, also is battery 100% required voltage when being full of electricity basically.
Can know according to Fig. 2 and above-mentioned analysis; Method for using for full charging commonly used at present and full discharge; In initial stage that discharges and recharges and latter stage; Between the parallel connection cell or the uneven phenomenon of inside battery electric current distribution can be the most obvious, this can aggravate the appearance of the situation such as heating, cycle performance of battery variation of battery or pole piece.And single step modified constant-voltage charge method commonly used also is unprofitable to the uneven improvement of battery current density distribution.
Though address the above problem the performance that improves cell is quite crucial; But can find out according to above-mentioned analysis; Even performance is fine down in normal condition of work (such as average operating current) for each cell in the battery pack; In use because situation generations such as the protection of battery management system is not overcharged, overdischarge; If but design scheme selection science not, battery pack also can be easy to damage, the performance of battery pack even may can not show a candle to the poorest cell of performance.Therefore think that it is unilateral improving the viewpoint that the cell performance just will inevitably improve battery performance; We also should work hard improving on battery high rate performance and the consistency, and the effect that obtains like this may improve many that effect that cell globality the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge can obtain will be good than spending a large amount of strength.Correctly design in addition and employing conforms with scientific idea and practical and effective charging method and charging method, will improve the performance of battery and battery pack greatly.
The problems referred to above lithium secondary battery just need an important bottleneck using aspect the battery pack of high-energy, high current charge-discharge, long circulation life (widening consistency difference) at electric automobile, energy-accumulating power station etc.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of charging method of new lithium secondary battery, between the cell that completely charges to improve lithium secondary battery, is prone in full discharge and the methods for using such as single step modified constant-voltage charge commonly used or problems such as inside battery electric current distribution inequality, battery heating, cycle performance difference.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is following:
A kind of charging method of lithium secondary battery may further comprise the steps:
Step b1: the power that reduces power consumption equipment begins discharge to reduce discharging current;
Step b2: regular picture current discharge;
Step b3: the power that reduces power consumption equipment finishes discharge to reduce discharging current.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned charging method to be: discharge beginning is discharged with ending phase reduction discharging current, can reduce between the parallelly connected cell or cell internal current density unevenness to the influence of battery performance, thereby improve battery performance; Adopt the power that reduces power consumption equipment to reduce discharging current, it realizes simple.
On the basis of technique scheme, charging method of the present invention can also be done following improvement.
Further, when the battery charge attitude of said lithium secondary battery 5%～40% the time, finish discharge.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme to be; This method is a kind of shallow discharge method; The uneven phenomenon of current density in the time of can effectively avoiding full the discharge; Improve cycle performance of battery, shelf characteric and prevent overdischarge, prolong the useful life of battery, and realize that battery performance combines with the effective of cost.
Further, the under-voltage protection value through increasing electric machine controller is controlled at 5%～40% with the battery charge attitude of said lithium secondary battery.
The beneficial effect that adopts above-mentioned further scheme is to realize that simply cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is two cell parallel connection sketch mapes;
When Fig. 2 is two cell parallel discharges discharging current percentage and discharge time progress curve chart;
Fig. 3 is a lithium secondary battery charging method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a lithium secondary battery charging method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and characteristic are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention.
Can know according to Fig. 2; If discharging latter stage; Battery is stopped discharge in advance; Be shallow discharge, the inconsistency of the discharge current density distribution of battery A and battery B when the inconsistency that the discharge current density of battery A and battery B distributes when finishing discharge will be significantly less than full discharge and finishes, between the parallelly connected cell or the phenomenon of inside battery discharge current density skewness have bigger improvement; Equally, at the charging initial stage, between the parallelly connected cell or the phenomenon of the density of charging current skewness of inside battery also have bigger improvement.If charging latter stage; Battery is stopped charging in advance; Be the words of shallow charging; The inconsistency of the density of charging current distribution of battery A and battery B when the inconsistency that the density of charging current of battery A and battery B distributes during complete charge can be significantly less than full charging and finishes, between the parallelly connected cell or the phenomenon of inside battery density of charging current skewness have bigger improvement; Equally, at the discharge initial stage, between the parallelly connected cell or the phenomenon of the discharge current density skewness of inside battery also have bigger improvement.
Can also draw according to Fig. 2; When the battery charge attitude is between 5%～95% when discharging and recharging between the parallel connection cell or will the improving significantly of full relatively charging of the consistency of inside battery electric current distribution and full discharge, thereby help the cumulative capacity in the lithium secondary battery lifetime.When discharging and recharging the optimum range of battery charge attitude specifically fixed what with the performance of battery, concrete service condition etc. very big relation is arranged all, such as, bigger when charging and discharging currents, the serviceability temperature scope is wide more, this scope also just should be more little.This wherein need limit of consideration dwindle the back to the influence of battery cost and access times to the influence of charge and discharge platform and charging state, find a preferable balance point in conjunction with actual conditions.
In addition battery being carried out shallow discharge and shallow charging control also is favourable to the shelf characteric of battery.Shallow discharge and shallow charging control can also from method for using improve the actual use battery charge attitude calculate inaccurate, the problem of bringing to battery when situation such as unusual appears in battery; Reduce the possibility that battery overcharge or overdischarge appear causing unusually in battery management system, further improve the fail safe and the reliability of battery; Reduce components and parts such as battery management system and battery is produced power consumption and cross long-time not charging, the possibility that causes overdischarge to damage to battery just very likely scraps battery or performance receives badly damaged because in a single day overdischarge appears in battery.
For power consumption equipments such as electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle required cell or battery pack, the under-voltage protection voltage with battery management system that can be suitable improves, and over-charge protective voltage reduces; The under-voltage protection voltage of electric machine controller is improved; The charging deboost of charger reduces; Reach the purpose of battery being carried out shallow discharge and shallow charging control, the capacity to battery pack can't cause too much influence like this, but can improve the performance of cell or battery pack preferably; And realize that simply cost is low.
Can know according to Fig. 2 and above-mentioned analysis; In charging initial stage and latter stage charging current is reduced, the method that discharging current is reduced can reduce between the parallelly connected cell or inside battery current density inequality to the influence of battery performance, improve battery performance.
In addition, because the inconsistency of battery or pole piece is generally understood low battery of guiding discharge platform or pole piece, the charging platform during charging is high, and its constant voltage charge Capacity Ratio regular meeting is relatively large when charging with conventional charging method.When therefore just having begun to charge; The high battery charge of charging platform can be less than average current, but its charging current can be increasing, even the phenomenon greater than average current can occur; Therefore in the charging process of battery, carry out a few step constant voltage charge steps more; Can reduce between the parallelly connected cell or the inequality of inside battery charging state, thereby reduce between the parallelly connected cell or the inequality of inside battery electric current distribution, its reason is:
Suppose that two living batteries carry out charged in parallel; Wherein battery is owing to reasons such as connecting resistance causes its loop resistance big (being similar to after many cylindrical battery parallel connections battery from the pole farthest); Thereby its charging platform can be high; Its charging current can be little when just beginning to charge to have put electricity back, and the phenomenon of current unevenness can be more serious.If in charging process, carry out a few step constant voltage charge steps, during according to the battery constant voltage charge, when promptly the terminal voltage of battery is constant more; If the electric current during constant voltage charge is greater than the self discharge electric current of battery; The charging state of battery is raising, and just the virtual voltage of battery is raising, and the polarizing voltage in the time of can drawing the battery constant voltage charge is reducing; Just charging current is reducing, therefore connect resistance to battery cause to influence meeting more and more littler.Though charging current was little when the battery that charging platform is high had just begun to charge; Charging capacity is few; But the general relative meeting of capacity in that the constant voltage charge stage can fill into more when constant voltage charge (just can with charged) from the cylindrical battery of pole farthest; Therefore the phenomenon that constant voltage charge can make between the parallelly connected cell or the inside battery charging state is uneven improves, and improves between the parallelly connected cell or the uneven purpose of inside battery current density thereby reach, and charging current diminishes during constant voltage charge in addition; Help the battery heat radiation, also can reach the purpose of improving battery performance.
Based on as stated, the multistage constant voltage charging method of lithium secondary battery of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, may further comprise the steps:
Step a1: constant charging voltage current-limiting charge;
Step a2: judge charging current whether less than current setting value or charging interval whether greater than the time set value, if charging current less than current setting value or charging interval greater than the time set value, execution in step a3 then, otherwise execution in step a1;
Step a3: judge whether lithium secondary battery voltage reaches voltage setting value, if lithium secondary battery voltage has reached voltage setting value, then complete charge does not reach voltage setting value as if lithium secondary battery voltage, then execution in step a4;
Step a4: improve constant voltage charge voltage, and execution in step a1.
Wherein, current setting value described in the step a2 is the constant voltage charge cut-off current; The value of time set described in the step a2 is a constant voltage charging time; Voltage setting value described in the step a3 is said lithium secondary battery pairing cell voltage when being full of electricity, and perhaps shallow charging requires the cell voltage that reaches; Before said step a1, also comprise preorder step a0: carry out low current charge; The cell voltage that said shallow charging required to reach is that the battery charge attitude is at 70%～95% pairing cell voltage; Through charger charging deboost value is controlled, thereby realized control the battery charge attitude.
The charging method of lithium secondary battery of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, may further comprise the steps:
Step b1: the power that reduces power consumption equipment begins discharge to reduce discharging current;
Step b2: regular picture current discharge;
Step b3: the power that reduces power consumption equipment finishes discharge to reduce discharging current.
Wherein, before said lithium secondary battery discharged fully, the battery charge attitude finished discharge at 5%～40% o'clock; Under-voltage protection value through increasing electric machine controller is controlled at 5%～40% with the battery charge attitude of said lithium secondary battery.
The multistage constant voltage charging method of lithium secondary battery of the present invention; J (j >=2) constant voltage charge is arranged during the stage in the charging process of battery, effect can be better when the magnitude of voltage of its constant voltage charge was the battery charge attitude voltage that the scope of discharging and recharging of battery is carried out timesharing such as j respectively.For example: when the scope that discharges and recharges of battery is full charging and full discharge, promptly the charging state scope is 0%～100%, when two constant voltage charges being arranged during the stage in the charging process, then preferably constant voltage charge voltage to be respectively charging state be 50% and 100% voltage.If the charging state scope of battery charging and discharging is 15%～90%, when three constant voltage charges being arranged during the stage in the charging process, then preferably constant voltage charge voltage to be respectively charging state be 40%, 65% and 90% voltage.As far as quick charge, carry out a few step constant voltage charges in the charging process and then seem particularly important.
In realizing use; Battery management system has and can discharge and recharge control strategy accordingly according to information generating such as monomer battery voltage, total terminal voltage, charging and discharging currents, charging state, temperature; And be transferred to charging device or discharge equipment through communication interface, realize the function that battery management system is controlled charging device and discharge equipment.According to the present invention; Can in the control strategy of battery management system, be added in charging current is reduced charging device; In charging process, carry out constant charging voltage charging of multistage, reduce the charging deboost value of charging device such as charger and control the control strategy that the battery charge attitude reaches shallow charging; In control strategy, be added in and make the discharging current reduction in discharge initial stage and latter stage, increase cell under-voltage protection value and control the control strategy that the battery charge attitude reaches shallow discharge, with the further performance of improving battery to discharge equipment.
Existing 345.6V, 40Ah ferrous phosphate lithium battery group with Hybrid Vehicle 108 strings; Pure electric automobile uses 288V, the 100Ah lithium manganate battery group of 78 strings and discharges and recharges rated power and uses the 768V of 320 strings, the lithium titanate battery pack of 4000Ah to be example as the energy-accumulating power station of 500kW, and the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
According to the multistage constant voltage charging method of aforesaid lithium secondary battery, the 345.6V of Hybrid Vehicle 108 string, the concrete charge step of 40Ah ferrous phosphate lithium battery group are following:
The first step: with the current charges of 40A 3 minutes;
Second step: use constant charging voltage to be 372.6V, current limliting is 120A, and setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 40A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 3 minutes;
The 3rd step: greater than 3 minutes, promptly corresponding monomer battery voltage was 3.45V to electric current less than 40A or constant voltage charging time when the 372.6V constant voltage charge, after charging state is about 60%, charged to battery voltage with the electric current of 120A again and reached 378V;
The 4th step: after battery voltage reaches 378V, use constant charging voltage to be 383.4V, current limliting is 40A, and setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is that 4A carries out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge;
The 5th step: electric current is less than 4A when the 383.4V constant voltage charge, and promptly corresponding monomer battery voltage is 3.55V, after charging state is about 80%, stops charging.
Adopt said method; Can effectively improve between the cell that full charging and methods such as single step modified constant-voltage charge commonly used be prone to or problem such as inside battery electric current distribution inequality, battery heating, cycle performance of battery difference; Improve the fail safe and the reliability of battery, improve the performances such as cumulative capacity in the battery lifetime.
Embodiment two
According to the multistage constant voltage charging method of aforesaid lithium secondary battery, pure electric automobile is following with the concrete charge step of 288V, the 100Ah lithium manganate battery group of 78 strings:
The first step: use constant charging voltage to be 304.2V, current limliting is 20A, and setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 5A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 30 minutes;
Second step: when the 304.2V constant voltage charge electric current less than 5A or constant voltage charging time greater than 30 minutes; Be that corresponding monomer battery voltage is 3.90V; After charging state is about 35%, use constant charging voltage to be 312V again, current limliting is 50A; Setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 12.5A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 30 minutes;
The 3rd step: when the 312V constant voltage charge electric current less than 12.5A or constant voltage charging time greater than 30 minutes; Be that corresponding monomer battery voltage is 4.00V; After charging state is about 60%, use constant charging voltage to be 319.8V again, current limliting is 20A; Setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 5A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 30 minutes;
The 4th step: greater than 30 minutes, promptly corresponding monomer battery voltage was 4.10V to electric current less than 5A or constant voltage charging time when the 319.8V constant voltage charge, after charging state is about 85%, stopped charging.
In above-mentioned the 3rd step, be through with the charging deboost of charger by common 327.6V, be reduced to 319.8V, realize shallow charging.
Adopt said method; Can effectively improve between the cell that full charging and methods such as single step modified constant-voltage charge commonly used be prone to or problem such as inside battery electric current distribution inequality, battery heating, cycle performance of battery difference; Improve the fail safe and the reliability of battery, improve the performances such as cumulative capacity in the battery lifetime.
Embodiment three
According to the multistage constant voltage charging method of aforesaid lithium secondary battery, discharging and recharging rated power is the 768V of the energy-accumulating power station of 500kW with 320 strings, and the concrete charge step of the lithium titanate battery pack of 4000Ah (discharging and recharging rated current is 650A) is:
The first step: charge power (electric current the is 260A) charging with 200kW reaches 694.4V up to battery voltage;
Second step: after battery voltage reaches 694.4V, use constant charging voltage to be 761.6V, current limliting is 650A (charge power is 500kW), and setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 260A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 30 minutes;
The 3rd step: when the 761.6V constant voltage charge electric current less than 260A or constant voltage charging time greater than 30 minutes after; Use constant charging voltage to be 784V again; Current limliting is 325A (charge power is 250kW); Setting the constant voltage charge cut-off current is 130A, and constant voltage charging time is to carry out constant charging voltage current-limiting charge in 30 minutes;
The 4th step: greater than 30 minutes, promptly corresponding monomer battery voltage reached 2.45V to electric current less than 130A or constant voltage charging time when the 784V constant voltage charge, after charging state is about 70%, stopped charging.
According to the charging method of aforesaid lithium secondary battery, this discharges and recharges rated power is the 768V of the energy-accumulating power station of 500kW with 320 strings, and the discharge step of the lithium titanate battery pack of 4000Ah is:
The first step: discharge power (electric current the is 260A) discharge with 200kW reaches 761.6V up to battery voltage;
Second step: when battery voltage reaches 761.6V; Corresponding monomer battery voltage reaches 2.38V; Charging state reaches at 60% o'clock, and battery management system is gathered battery pack information, and sends control information and give power consumption equipment (energy conversion system); The discharge power of energy-accumulating power station is controlled at rated power 500kW, carries out regular picture;
The 3rd step: when battery voltage reached 694.4V, corresponding monomer battery voltage reached 2.17V, and charging state reaches at 30% o'clock; Battery management system is gathered battery pack information, and sends control information and give power consumption equipment (energy conversion system), and the discharge power of energy-accumulating power station is controlled at 250kW; Thereby realize that discharge reduces discharging current latter stage; When battery voltage during less than 672V or the voltage of arbitrary cell less than 2.1V, corresponding battery charge attitude is 20% o'clock, finishes discharge.
In above-mentioned the 3rd step; Finish discharge and be through with energy conversion system; Be that (corresponding monomer battery voltage is 1.4V from common 448V for the under-voltage protection value of electric machine controller; Charging state is 0%) increase to 672V, and in battery management system, cell under-voltage protection value is increased to 2.1V by common 1.4V and realize shallow discharge.
Adopt said method; Can effectively improve between the cell that full charging, full discharge and methods such as single step modified constant-voltage charge commonly used be prone to or problems such as inside battery electric current distribution inequality, battery heating, cycle performance of battery difference; Improve the fail safe and the reliability of battery; Dwindle the operating voltage range of energy conversion system, improve the performances such as cumulative capacity in the battery lifetime greatly.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the charging method of a lithium secondary battery is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step b1: the power that reduces power consumption equipment begins discharge to reduce discharging current;
Step b2: regular picture current discharge;
Step b3: the power that reduces power consumption equipment finishes discharge to reduce discharging current.
2. the charging method of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the battery charge attitude of said lithium secondary battery 5%～40% the time, finish discharge.
3. the charging method of lithium secondary battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the under-voltage protection value through increasing electric machine controller is controlled at 5%～40% with the battery charge attitude of said lithium secondary battery.
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| CN2010105068820A Division CN101964431B (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | Multi-stage constant-voltage charging method of lithium secondary battery |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106655393A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-10 | 奇酷互联网络科技（深圳）有限公司 | Charging apparatus and mobile terminal |
| CN111796192A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-20 | 东莞新能德科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating short-circuit current of battery and electronic product |
| US11525862B2 (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2022-12-13 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Methods, storage media, and electronic devices for calculating short-circuit current of battery |
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| US20080309293A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Compal Electronics, Inc. | Method for charging battery module in multiple stages |
| CN101807728A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 张家港市久诺杰科技有限公司 | Method for charging nano modified power-type zinc-nickel secondary battery |
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| US20080309293A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Compal Electronics, Inc. | Method for charging battery module in multiple stages |
| CN101807728A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2010-08-18 | 张家港市久诺杰科技有限公司 | Method for charging nano modified power-type zinc-nickel secondary battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106655393A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-10 | 奇酷互联网络科技（深圳）有限公司 | Charging apparatus and mobile terminal |
| CN111796192A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2020-10-20 | 东莞新能德科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating short-circuit current of battery and electronic product |
| CN111796192B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2022-08-05 | 东莞新能德科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating short-circuit current of battery and electronic product |
| US11525862B2 (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2022-12-13 | Ningde Amperex Technology Limited | Methods, storage media, and electronic devices for calculating short-circuit current of battery |
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| CN102709614B (en) | 2014-12-03 |
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