Increase method and the device of cupping machine effective working space
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stretching test method and equipment, is especially a kind ofly can stretch and exceed method and the device of its limit of stretch length, specifically a kind of method and device that increases cupping machine effective working space with the less drawing machine of stroke.
Background technology
At present, for obtaining the mechanical property of construction material, often need to material, carry out mechanical property test by testing equipment.About cupping machine, there is the equipment of a lot of models both at home and abroad, the product of different model, testing machine general frame structure is all similarly, by carrying reaction frame and loading power section, forms.And mostly Erichsen test is to carry out for standard sample, so the carrying reaction frame space of testing machine take and meet standard sample size as main, is conventionally no more than 1 meter.
But along with the continuous appearance of new material, or singularity and the complicacy of engineering application, conventionally need to carry out anchoring or stretching bearing test to some non-standard samples, for non-standard test, existing pressure testing machine equipment often cannot meet request for utilization.And again customize testing machine equipment for non-standard sample, will produce the expense of wholesale, therefore can on existing equipment, transform.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is cannot meet for existing cupping machine the sample requirement that exceeds its limiting length, and again purchase the problem that new testing equipment can cause cost increase and the wasting of resources, invent a kind of method and apparatus that can expand its test length.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
Increase a method for cupping machine effective working space, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First, by the reaction frame crossbeam dismounting of original cupping machine;
Secondly, single order reaction frame crossbeam is installed on original testing machine column and is replaced original anti-frame crossbeam that adds, the column of testing machine is passed to the leghole on single order reaction frame crossbeam, clip is installed, single order reaction frame crossbeam position is fixed, simultaneously by ground tackle, clamp sample, anchorage point is at the top of single order counter-force crossbeam, thereby makes the effective working space of cupping machine on the former basis having living space, increase a height that is equivalent to single order reaction frame height; Described single order reaction frame crossbeam is comprised of upper lower wing plate and the web between upper lower wing plate, and upper lower wing plate corresponding position is provided with the through hole that supplies drawing machine column and sample to pass;
The 3rd, if single order reaction frame crossbeam is replaced after the original crossbeam of testing machine, the useful space of testing machine still cannot meet the requirement of specimen length, second order reaction frame column mounting hole need be set on single order reaction frame crossbeam, the lower end of second order reaction frame column is inserted in described second order reaction frame column mounting hole and with second order reaction frame lower catch hoop and located, then in the upper end of second order reaction frame column, second order reaction frame crossbeam is installed and is fixedly made second order reaction frame crossbeam be positioned on second order reaction frame column with second order reaction frame front band, after being passed to single order reaction frame crossbeam and second order reaction frame crossbeam, sample is strained on the top of second order reaction frame crossbeam with ground tackle by sample, described second order reaction frame crossbeam is comprised of lower wing plate on second order and second order web, second order web is on second order between lower wing plate, on second order, lower wing plate corresponding position is provided with the through hole that supplies sample and second order reaction frame column to pass.
Described second order reaction frame column is provided with a plurality of for the draw-in groove of second order reaction frame front band is installed, to adapt to the height of various sample.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device that increases cupping machine effective working space, it comprises for replacing single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and clip 2 and the ground tackle 3 of the reaction frame crossbeam of original cupping machine, it is characterized in that described single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 is by upper flange 101, lower wing plate 102 and passive web 103 form, web 103 is between upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102, at upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102 relative position places, offer the sample aperture 104 of passing through for sample and the leghole 105 passing for cupping machine column, described clip 2 is installed on the column 4 of cupping machine to prevent that single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 from gliding, described ground tackle 3 is fixed on the upper end of sample 5 and offsets with the surface of upper flange 101.
Described upper flange 101 is provided with the second order reaction frame column mounting hole 106 that second order reaction frame column is installed.
Three of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device that increases cupping machine effective working space, which comprises at least single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and at least one second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 that is used for replacing the reaction frame crossbeam of original cupping machine, it is characterized in that described single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 is sleeved on cupping machine column 4 and with preventing that the clip 2 of its downslide from realizing axial location, described second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 is sleeved on the upper end of second order reaction frame column 7, on second order reaction frame column 7, be installed with and prevent that 6 downslides of second order reaction frame crossbeam from realizing the second order reaction frame front band 8 of axial location, the lower end of second order reaction frame column 7 is arranged on single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and with second order reaction frame lower catch hoop 9 and locates, the upper end of described sample 5 is rear fixing by ground tackle 3 through single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and second order reaction frame crossbeam 6, described single order reaction frame 1 is comprised of upper flange 101, lower wing plate 102 and passive web 103, web 103, between upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102, offers sample aperture 104, the leghole 105 passing for cupping machine column passing through for sample and the second order reaction frame leghole 106 that supplies second order reaction frame column 7 plug-in mountings at upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102 relative position places, described second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 is comprised of second order upper flange 601, second order lower wing plate 602 and passive second order web 603, second order web 603, between second order upper flange 601 and second order lower wing plate 602, offers the second order sample aperture 604 of passing through for sample and the second order leghole 605 passing for second order reaction frame column 7 at second order upper flange 601 and second order lower wing plate 602 relative position places.
On described second order upper flange 601, be also provided with the three rank reaction frame column mounting holes that pass for three rank reaction frame columns.
On described second order reaction frame column 7, be at least provided with two draw-in grooves 10 that match with second order reaction frame front band 8 for adjusting second order reaction frame setting height(from bottom).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention can replace the reaction frame crossbeam of original cupping machine, thereby increases substantially effective usage space of original testing machine, has greatly improved the usable range of testing machine equipment.
It is simple that the present invention has device, easy to operate advantage.
The present invention can save experimentation cost, reduces the wasting of resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this existing cupping machine.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of single order reaction frame crossbeam of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the cupping machine of single order reaction frame crossbeam of the present invention has been installed.
Fig. 6 utilizes single order reaction frame of the present invention to carry out the schematic diagram of muscle material and concrete anchoring test schematic diagram, directly utilizes concrete 11 to replace ground tackle 3 during test.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of second order reaction frame of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the structural representation that the cupping machine of single order reaction frame crossbeam of the present invention and second order reaction frame crossbeam has been installed.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of second order reaction frame column of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment mono-.
A kind of method that increases cupping machine effective working space:
First, by the reaction frame crossbeam dismounting of original testing machine, because testing machine crossbeam weight is larger, for easy to operate, can, around testing machine scaffolding, hoist be installed, the installation that can dismantle very easily the each several part included with the present invention on testing machine top.
Secondly, single order reaction frame crossbeam of the present invention is installed, the column of testing machine, through the leghole on single order reaction frame crossbeam, is installed to clip, single order reaction frame crossbeam position is fixed.Because single order counter-force crossbeam clamps sample by ground tackle, anchorage point is at the top of single order counter-force crossbeam (seeing Fig. 5), and the clamping sample position of the original reaction frame crossbeam of testing machine is at crossbeam bottom (being shown in Fig. 1), comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 5 can find out, now the effective working space of testing machine has increased a length, this length is the horizontal depth of beam of single order reaction frame, about 200-300mm.Fig. 6 carries out an example of muscle material and the test of concrete anchoring property by single order reaction frame crossbeam.
The 3rd, if replaced after the original crossbeam of testing machine with single order reaction frame crossbeam, the useful space of testing machine still cannot meet the requirement of specimen length, can be on the basis of single order reaction frame crossbeam, erect second order reaction frame column, then second order reaction frame crossbeam is installed on second order reaction frame column and is used clip fixed position, as shown in figure 10.As can be seen from Figure 10, increase after second order reaction frame, the useful space of testing machine can increase substantially.
The 4th, clip (can adopt standard component) the fixedly mode of reaction frame is that hoop sleeve, at column draw-in groove place, is twisted into integral body with bolt by clip and reaction frame crossbeam, because the external diameter of clip is greater than the leghole of reaction frame crossbeam, so can limit the movement of reaction frame crossbeam.
Single order reaction frame crossbeam is wherein welded by upper and lower two flange plates (Fig. 2) and four blocks of webs (Fig. 3), guarantee that the rigidity of single order reaction frame crossbeam is not less than the rigidity of the original crossbeam of testing machine, the upper and lower flange plate of single order reaction frame crossbeam respectively has three class circular holes of concentric co-axial.The first kind, its position, aperture and quantity, adaptive with the column of testing machine, for the column through testing machine; Equations of The Second Kind, comprises 4 circular holes, around the flange plate centre of form, is arranged symmetrically with, suitable with described second order reaction frame column; The 3rd class, comprises 1 circular hole, is positioned at flange plate position of form center, and aperture is smaller, for passing sample, also referred to as sample aperture, as shown in Figure 4.
Second order reaction frame column comprises 4 duplicate circular shaft columns of shape, every circular shaft column interval is processed with a plurality of draw-in groove sections, comprises and regulates a plurality of interlude draw-in grooves of height, a draw-in groove of installing clip and a draw-in groove (as Figure 11) that lower catch hoop is installed.
Described second order reaction frame crossbeam, by upper and lower two flange plates and four blocks of webs, be welded, guarantee that the rigidity of second order reaction frame crossbeam is not less than the rigidity of the original crossbeam of testing machine, the upper and lower flange plate of second order reaction frame crossbeam respectively has five circular holes of concentric co-axial, and these five circular holes can be classified as 2 classes.The first kind, comprises 4 circular holes, and its pore size is identical with four circular holes on single order reaction frame crossbeam, suitable with second order reaction frame column; Equations of The Second Kind, comprises 1 circular hole, is positioned at flange plate position of form center, and aperture is smaller, for passing sample, also referred to as sample aperture.
Described clip, it is shaped as an annulus and cuts into two halves, the internal diameter of annulus and described second order reaction frame column upper groove coincide, the external diameter of annulus is greater than the diameter of four circular holes on described second order reaction frame column external diameter and reaction frame crossbeam, for limiting and the fixing position of second order reaction frame crossbeam.Described bolt, supports the use with clip, clip can be screwed on second order reaction frame crossbeam, clip is combined into whole circular.
Described ground tackle, for the sample aperture anchoring sample on single order reaction frame crossbeam or second order reaction frame crossbeam.
Embodiment bis-.
As shown in Figure 2-5.
A kind of device that increases cupping machine effective working space, it comprises for replacing single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and clip 2 and the ground tackle 3 of the reaction frame crossbeam of original cupping machine, as shown in Figure 5, described single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 is by upper flange 101, lower wing plate 102 and passive web 103 form, as Fig. 2, shown in 3, web 103 is between upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102, at upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102 relative position places, offer the sample aperture 104 of passing through for sample and the leghole 105 passing for cupping machine column, as shown in Figure 4, described clip 2 is installed on the column 4 of cupping machine to prevent that single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 from gliding, described ground tackle 3 is fixed on the upper end of sample 5 and offsets with the surface of upper flange 101, as shown in Figure 5.In order to adapt to the requirement that second order reaction frame crossbeam is installed, while specifically implementing, preferably on described upper flange 101, be provided with the second order reaction frame column mounting hole 106 that second order reaction frame column is installed.
During concrete enforcement, according to the difference of sample, ground tackle can replace with other equivalent unit, as shown in Figure 6, utilizes concrete to replace ground tackle to carry out the fixing of sample.
Embodiment tri-.
As shown in Fig. 2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11.
A kind of device that increases cupping machine effective working space, which comprises at least single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and at least one second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 that is used for replacing the reaction frame crossbeam of original cupping machine, as shown in figure 10, described single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 is sleeved on cupping machine column 4 and with preventing that the clip 2 of its downslide from realizing axial location, described second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 is sleeved on the upper end of second order reaction frame column 7, on second order reaction frame column 7, be installed with and prevent that 6 downslides of second order reaction frame crossbeam from realizing the second order reaction frame front band 8 of axial location, the lower end of second order reaction frame column 7 is arranged on single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and with second order reaction frame lower catch hoop 9 and locates, the upper end of described sample 5 is rear fixing by ground tackle 3 through single order reaction frame crossbeam 1 and second order reaction frame crossbeam 6, described single order reaction frame 1 as in Figure 2-4, it is comprised of upper flange 101, lower wing plate 102 and passive web 103, web 103, between upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102, offers sample aperture 104, the leghole 105 passing for cupping machine column passing through for sample and the second order reaction frame leghole 106 that supplies second order reaction frame column 7 plug-in mountings at upper flange 101 and lower wing plate 102 relative position places.Described second order reaction frame crossbeam 6 as Figure 7-9, it is comprised of second order upper flange 601, second order lower wing plate 602 and passive second order web 603, second order web 603, between second order upper flange 601 and second order lower wing plate 602, offers the second order sample aperture 604 of passing through for sample and the second order leghole 605 passing for second order reaction frame column at second order upper flange 601 and second order lower wing plate 602 relative position places.In order to adapt to the requirement in further expansion tension test space, proof strength, the height of second order reaction frame column can not be too high, may also need to set up three rank reaction frame crossbeams for this reason, therefore, during concrete enforcement, the three rank reaction frame column mounting holes that three rank reaction frame columns pass also should be set on described second order upper flange 601, by that analogy.On described second order reaction frame column 7, be at least provided with two draw-in grooves 10 that match with second order reaction frame front band 8 for adjusting second order reaction frame setting height(from bottom).In order to adapt to the testing requirements of the sample of differing heights, second order reaction frame column 7 can be processed with a plurality of draw-in groove sections in interval, comprises and regulates a plurality of interlude draw-in grooves 10 of height, draw-in groove and a draw-in groove (as Figure 11) that lower catch hoop 9 is installed of installing clip 8.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.