CN102699719A - Semi-automatic clamp for lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-automatic fixture used for machine tools. Both ends of the clamp body are fixedly connected to connecting rod supports, a positioning block is installed on the middle part of the clamp body, and positioning plates are fixed on both sides of the positioning block. The block is located at both ends of the positioning block; the foot type hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the hydraulic cylinder seat in the clamp body, the connecting rod slide seat is set on the top of the hydraulic cylinder seat, there are support rods on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder seat, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected by thread The rod is hinged to the lug of the connecting rod slider; the two rotating rods are connected to the support rods on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder seat; one end of the two rotating rods is fixedly connected to the connecting rod sliding seat, and the other end is connected to the middle connecting rod respectively The rods are respectively connected with the push rods, and each push rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod support and the slide seat at both ends of the clamp body. The fixture of the invention has the advantages of compact structure, reliable clamping and strong versatility; reasonable and quick clamping can process multiple workpieces at the same time, which can not only improve the processing efficiency, but also reduce the working intensity of operators.

Description

A semi-automatic fixture for machine tools

technical field

The invention relates to a fixture, in particular to a semi-automatic fixture for machine tools. It belongs to the technical field of mechanical design and tooling equipment.

Background technique

At present, in the mechanical processing industry at home and abroad, computer-aided fixture design (CAFD) is continuously applied to product process equipment and fixture design. It not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional fixture design, reduces the labor intensity of designers, but also improves Quality of fixture design. Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on CAFD technology. For example, using SolidWorks software as a platform, first establish a parametric solid model library for standard parts of fixtures, and then develop non-standard solid model libraries for different fixtures. After the three-dimensional solid model of the assembly is obtained through virtual assembly, the two-dimensional engineering drawing used in production is obtained through graphic conversion and modification by technicians. This fixture design method is very conducive to improving the efficiency of fixture design work.

In the existing published literature, "Design of Rapid Vacuum Clamping of Flat Workpieces" ("China New Technology and New Products", Issue 11, 2009), a quick clamping scheme is proposed, which comprehensively considers the characteristics of flat workpieces and adopts The workpiece is clamped in vacuum mode, the worktable and the workpiece are circularly fed at a constant speed, single-station clamping, multi-station continuous processing, vacuum air circuit distribution and switching are fully automated, and quick clamping is adopted according to the type and structure of the workpiece way, effectively improving production efficiency and lower work intensity.

Patent CN201799881U discloses a vertical milling machine fixture, the vertical milling machine fixture includes a fixed support plate, adjustable round head support nails, the fixed support plate is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the upper part of the base, and the adjustable round head support nails are arranged on the base The middle position of the lower part; the clamping device includes a hinge support rod, a hinge connecting rod, a rotary pressure block, a pull rod, an open washer, and a shoulder nut. The hinge support rod and the pull rod are respectively located on the left and right sides of the middle of the base. It is movably connected by a hinge, and the other end is installed on the pull rod, and the rotating pressing block is set and limited on the hinge connecting rod. Patent CN202010810U describes a fixture for milling machines, which includes an inverted "T"-shaped base, a vertical lever, an eccentric wheel, a horizontal pull rod and an open washer. The hole processed on the workpiece is used as a positioning reference, and the self-locking mechanism of the eccentric wheel is used to Performance clamping workpiece; the fixture is mainly suitable for clamping workpieces with small volume and irregular shape. The fixture adopts single-piece manual clamping, which has low clamping efficiency and is inconvenient for operators to use and operate.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the end face processing technology of the existing plate and strip workpieces, especially the relatively high clamping force requirements for multi-piece processing, reasonable and fast clamping, and the improvement of production efficiency. The invention provides a semi-automatic fixture for machine tools with compact structure, reliable clamping, high efficiency and relatively strong versatility.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: comprising clamping body, positioning block, positioning plate, arc pressure block, sliding seat, T-shaped sliding block, connecting rod support, push rod, intermediate connecting rod, rotating rod , support rod, hydraulic cylinder seat, threaded connecting rod, piston rod, connecting rod slide seat, foot hydraulic cylinder, sliding shaft;

The clamp body is a rectangular shell, the two ends of the clamp body are provided with connecting rod supports, the positioning block is fixed on the middle part of the clamp body, the positioning plate is installed on both sides of the positioning block, and the sliding seat is fixedly connected with the arc pressure block Located at both ends of the positioning block; the foot type hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the hydraulic cylinder seat in the clamp body, the connecting rod slide seat is set on the top of the hydraulic cylinder seat, there are support rods on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder seat, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod passes through the threaded connecting rod Hinged with connecting rod slider lug.

There are two rotating rods, each of which has a connection hole at both ends, and a central hole is provided on the middle boss, which is connected with the supporting rods on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder seat through the supporting shaft; one end of the two rotating rods is respectively fixed by the sliding shaft. Connected to the sliding seat of the connecting rod, the other ends of the two rotating rods are respectively connected to one end of the two intermediate connecting rods, and the other ends of the two intermediate connecting rods are respectively connected to the push rods; each push rod is respectively connected to the connecting rod supports at both ends of the clamp body It is fixedly connected with the sliding seat.

The connecting rod support is an L-shaped plate, and the connection between the bottom plate and the side plate of the connecting rod support is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the side plate is provided with two lugs with holes.

The connecting rod sliding seat has a T-shaped structure, with a transverse groove in the middle part, symmetrically hollowed-out sliding grooves on both sides of the groove, lugs on the lower part of the connecting rod sliding seat, and central holes on the lugs.

The movement sequence of the clamping process is: the piston rod moves downward, the piston rod drives the connecting rod slide seat to move downward through the threaded connecting rod, the connecting rod slide seat drives the left end of the rotating rod to rotate upward, the rotating rod drives the middle connecting rod to move upward, and the middle connecting rod moves upward. The connecting rod drives the push rod connected to the sliding seat to move to the right, and the push rod makes the sliding seat slide horizontally to the right, so that the arc-shaped pressure block can clamp the workpiece. The above moving part is suitable for the connection situation of the left half in Figure 3 .

The working process of the unloading operation is as follows: the piston rod moves upward, the piston rod drives the connecting rod slider to move upward through the threaded connecting rod, the connecting rod slider drives the left end of the rotating rod to rotate downward, the rotating rod drives the middle connecting rod to move downward, and the middle connecting rod Drive the push rod connected with the sliding seat to move to the left, and the push rod makes the sliding seat slide horizontally to the left, so that the arc-shaped pressing block can relax the workpiece. The above moving part is suitable for the connection of the left half in Figure 3.

Beneficial effect

The invention is a semi-automatic fixture for machine tools, which is a semi-automatic fixture with compact structure, reliable clamping, high efficiency and relatively strong versatility. It can process multiple workpieces at the same time, and the reasonable and fast clamping not only improves the processing efficiency, but also reduces the work intensity of the operator.

Description of drawings

A semi-automatic fixture for machine tools according to the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a semi-automatic fixture used in a machine tool according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the semi-automatic fixture used in machine tools according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the semi-automatic fixture used in machine tools according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod sliding seat of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder seat of the present invention.

In the picture:

1. Locating key 2. Clamp body 3. Rotating rod 4. Short shaft 5. Intermediate connecting rod 6. Connecting rod slide seat 7. Slide shaft 8. Connecting rod support 9. Long shaft 10. Push rod 11. Slide seat 12 .Inner hexagon screw 13.T-shaped slider 14.Arc-shaped pressure block 15.Pin 16.Positioning plate 17.Positioning block 18.Support shaft 19.Support rod 20.Hinge shaft 21.Threaded connecting rod 22.Piston rod 23. Screw 24. Ground hydraulic cylinder 25. Tool setting block 26. Hydraulic cylinder seat

Detailed ways

This embodiment is a semi-automatic fixture for machine tools. The fixture can clamp multiple workpieces at the same time, automatically clamps, and has a large clamping range, which can not only improve processing efficiency, but also reduce the work intensity of operators.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the present invention uses the clip body as the main support mechanism, including positioning key 1, clip body 2, rotating rod 3, short shaft 4, intermediate connecting rod 5, and connecting rod sliding seat 6 , sliding shaft 7, connecting rod support 8, major axis 9, push rod 10, sliding seat 11, hexagon socket screw 12, T-shaped slider 13, arc-shaped pressing block 14, pin 15, positioning plate 16, positioning block 17 , support shaft 18, support rod 19, hinge shaft 20, threaded connecting rod 21, piston rod 22, screw 23, foot type hydraulic cylinder 24, tool setting block 25, hydraulic cylinder seat 26; clamp body 2 is a rectangular shell, Both ends of the clamp body 2 are provided with connecting rod supports 8, the positioning block 17 is fixedly installed on the middle part of the clamp body 2 by screws, and the positioning plate 16 is fixedly installed on both sides of the positioning block 17 on the clamp body 2 by screws, and There is a large gap in the positioning block 17, which is convenient for removing chips and cutting fluid and improving machining accuracy. The sliding seat 11 and the arc-shaped pressing block 14 are fixedly connected at both ends of the positioning block 17; the foot type hydraulic cylinder 24 is fixedly installed on the hydraulic cylinder seat 26 in the clamp body 2 through the screw 23, and the connecting rod sliding seat 6 is set on the hydraulic cylinder seat 26 tops, hydraulic cylinder seat 26 both sides are provided with support rod 19, and support rod 19 two ends respectively have a mounting hole, hydraulic cylinder piston rod 22 is hinged with connecting rod sliding seat 6 lugs by threaded connecting rod 21; There are connection holes at both ends of the rotating rod 3, and a central hole is provided on the middle boss, which is connected with the supporting rods 19 on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder seat 26 through the supporting shaft 18; one end of the two rotating rods 3 is respectively fixed by the sliding shaft 7 Connected to the connecting rod sliding seat 6, the other ends of the two rotating rods 3 are respectively connected to one end of the two intermediate connecting rods 5, and the other ends of the two intermediate connecting rods 5 are respectively connected to the push rods 10; The connecting rod support 8 at the upper two ends is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 11.

The connecting rod support 8 is an L-shaped plate, and the bottom plate of the connecting rod support 8 is provided with reinforcing ribs at the connecting portion of the side plate, and the side plate is provided with two lugs with holes.

As shown in Figure 4, the connecting rod sliding seat 6 is a T-shaped structure, with a transverse groove in the middle part, symmetrically hollowed-out sliding grooves on both sides of the groove, and lugs on the lower part of the connecting rod sliding seat 6. There is a center hole on it.

As shown in Figure 3, there are four push rods 10, the left and right middle connecting rods 5 are respectively connected to one end of the push rod 10, and the other ends of the four push rods 10 are respectively connected to the upper part of the clamp body 2 fixedly installed. The rod support 8 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 11. The connecting rod support 8 is fixed on the clamp body 2 by screws. The arc-shaped pressing block 14 is connected with the sliding seat 11 through the pin 15, and the sliding seat 11 is connected with the T-shaped sliding block 13 through the hexagon socket head screw 12, and the T-shaped sliding block 13 is installed in the T-shaped groove of the clamp body 2, T Shaped slider 13 slides horizontally in the T-shaped groove of clip body 2.

The transmission of the clamping force is mainly transmitted to the threaded connecting rod 21 through the force on the piston rod 22, the force on the threaded connecting rod 21 is transmitted to the connecting rod slide 6, and the force on the connecting rod slide 6 is transmitted to the rotating rod 3 , the force on the rotating rod 3 is transmitted to the intermediate connecting rod 5, the force on the intermediate connecting rod 5 is transmitted to the push rod 10, the force on the push rod 10 is transmitted to the sliding seat 11, and the force on the sliding seat 11 is transmitted On the arc-shaped pressing block 14, the force on the arc-shaped pressing block 14 is transmitted to the workpiece, and the clamping of the workpiece is realized through the transmission of force. The fixture is positioned and installed on the machine tool through the positioning key 1, and the components on the fixture body 2 are symmetrically installed.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the tool setting block 25 is installed on the clamp body 2 by screws.

The working process of the clamping operation is: the piston rod 22 moves downward, the piston rod 22 drives the connecting rod slide 6 to move downward through the threaded connecting rod 21, the connecting rod slide 6 drives the right end of the rotating rod 3 to rotate downward, and the rotating rod 3 The left end drives the middle connecting rod 5 to move upward, and the middle connecting rod 5 drives the push rod 10 connected with the sliding seat 11 to move to the right, and the push rod 10 makes the sliding seat 11 slide horizontally to the right, so that the arc-shaped pressing block 14 realizes the pressing of the workpiece. Clamp.

The working process of the unloading operation is: the piston rod 22 moves upward, the piston rod 22 drives the connecting rod slide 6 to move upward through the threaded connecting rod 21, the connecting rod slide 6 drives the right end of the rotating rod 3 to rotate upward, and the left end of the rotating rod 3 drives the middle connecting rod 3 to move upward. The rod 5 moves downward, the middle connecting rod 5 drives the push rod 10 connected with the sliding seat 11 to move to the left, and the push rod 10 makes the sliding seat 11 slide horizontally to the left, so that the arc-shaped pressing block 14 can relax the workpiece. The kinematic part fits the left half of the connection in Figure 3.

The fixture of the present invention can also be used on a milling machine. The fixture is positioned and installed on the milling machine through the positioning key 1. Two bolt holes are left on the base plate of the fixture body 2, and the fastening of the fixture is realized through the two bolt holes. Working method: the piston rod 22 in the hydraulic cylinder moves downward, the piston rod 22 drives the connecting rod slide 6 to move downward through the threaded connecting rod 21, the connecting rod slide 6 drives the right end of the rotating rod 3 to rotate downward, and the rotating rod 3 The left end drives the middle connecting rod 5 to move upward, and the middle connecting rod 5 drives the push rod 10 connected with the sliding seat 11 to move to the right, and the push rod 10 makes the sliding seat 11 slide horizontally to the right, so that the arc-shaped pressing block 14 realizes the pressing of the workpiece. Clamp. When the workpiece is processed, the tool sets the tool through the tool setting block 25, and then the end face of the workpiece is milled. After the milling is completed, the piston rod 22 in the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to move upward, and the piston rod 22 drives the connecting rod slide 6 to move upward through the threaded connecting rod 21, and the connecting rod slide 6 drives the right end of the rotating rod 3 to rotate upward, and the right end of the rotating rod 3 The left end drives the middle connecting rod 5 to move downward, and the middle connecting rod 5 drives the push rod 10 connected with the sliding seat 11 to move to the left. Relax and finish processing.

Claims (3)

1. semi-automatic anchor clamps that are used for lathe is characterized in that: comprise clamp body, locating piece, location flat board, arc briquetting, slide, T shape slide block, connecting rod support, push rod, intermediate connecting rod, swingle, support bar, hydraulic cylinder seat, whorl brace rod, piston rod, connecting rod slide, lower margin formula hydraulic cylinder, sliding axle;

Said clamp body is the rectangle housing, and two ends are provided with connecting rod support on the clamp body, and locating piece is fixed on middle part on the clamp body, the dull and stereotyped both sides that are installed in locating piece, location, and slide and arc briquetting are connected and are positioned at the locating piece two ends; Lower margin formula hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the interior hydraulic cylinder seat of clamp body, and the connecting rod slide is arranged on hydraulic cylinder seat top, and hydraulic cylinder seat both sides are provided with support bar, and hydraulic cylinder piston rod is hinged through whorl brace rod and connecting rod slide lug; Said swingle is two, and respectively there is connecting hole at the swingle two ends, and middle boss is provided with centre bore, is connected with hydraulic cylinder seat supported on both sides bar through back shaft; One end of two swingles is connected on the connecting rod slide through sliding axle respectively, and the other end of two swingles is connected with two intermediate connecting rods, one end respectively, and the two intermediate connecting rod other ends are connected with push rod respectively; Each push rod respectively with clamp body on the connecting rod support at two ends be fixedly connected with slide.

2. the semi-automatic anchor clamps that are used for lathe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said connecting rod support is the L shaped plate part, and the base plate of connecting rod support and side plate connecting portion are provided with reinforcement, and side plate is provided with two lugs with holes.

3. the semi-automatic anchor clamps that are used for lathe according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said connecting rod slide is a T shape structure, and the middle part has transverse concave groove, and the groove biside plate is provided with the slide slot of symmetrical hollow out; Connecting rod slide bottom is provided with lug, and lug is provided with centre bore.

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