CN102679901A - Grating transient strain sensor sensing device - Google Patents
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- CN102679901A CN102679901A CN2012101658160A CN201210165816A CN102679901A CN 102679901 A CN102679901 A CN 102679901A CN 2012101658160 A CN2012101658160 A CN 2012101658160A CN 201210165816 A CN201210165816 A CN 201210165816A CN 102679901 A CN102679901 A CN 102679901A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grating transient strain sensor sensing device which comprises an ASE (amplified spontaneous emission) light source, a coupler, a plurality of optical fiber Bragg gratings, a plurality of all-optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers and an photoelectric detector, wherein the optical fiber Bragg gratings are distributed on the outer wall of a gun tube with equal distances, the number of the optical fiber Bragg gratings is determined by the number of the output ends of the coupler, the output end of the ASE light source is connected with the input end of the coupler, the output ends of the coupler are connected with the same light path respectively and connected with the light source input ends of the all-optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers through the light path, the strain input ends of the all-optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers are connected with the optical fiber Bragg gratings respectively, and the output ends of the all-optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers are connected with the photoelectric detector. The grating transient strain sensor sensing device can greatly reduce the impact of disturbance on the measurement result during the measurement process, and is low in cost and easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the optical precision field tests, particularly a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device.
Background technology
Abroad, the history that the research of Launch Dynamics was had two more than ten years.For the compound movement of measuring barrel and bullet in the emission process and interrelated, developed measuring system various optics, electricity or that photoelectricity combines.In recent years, domestic research about Launch Dynamics has had very much progress, and has obtained some achievements.But because the complicacy of emission process; Will accurately measure various physical quantitys in the emission process is difficulty very such as the strain size of launching trajectory outer arm; This has hindered the development of Launch Dynamics, therefore requires to work out more advanced measuring technology and solves this difficult problem.
Use in traditional strain measurement field is the measuring method that resistance strain gage adds strainmeter the most widely.It comes the Measuring Object big or small a kind of measuring method of institute's strain value that produces under external force through the resistance strain type sensor that pastes resistance strain gage on testee surface or install based on the manufacturing of resistance strain gage principle; Form a fundamental measurement system by resistance strain gage, resistance strain measurement appearance and lead, through strain value being measured, calculated and analyzes the stress state that obtains object.Permitted " application of resistance strain measurement technology in a construction " literary composition in Chuanjiang River (the Anhui building, the second phase in 2008, p127-130) in; The author has introduced the application of resistance strain measurement method in the engineering field of measurement in detail, though through selecting suitable circuit connecting, suitable instrument; Careful operation, and data are carried out conscientious analysis, strainmeter can measure small resistance variations but in measuring process to any disturbance of system; Such as the touching circuit; Lead is swung with the wind, and mechanical shock all can make the instrument numeral change, thereby influences measuring accuracy.
In recent years, the sensing Study of An of fiber grating is quite extensive, and especially strain and TEMP receive much concern.The seismoreceiver in the geophysics wherein, the rock deformation in the environmental engineering, bridge, and the low strain aspects such as state-detection of heavy construction structure have obtained challenging effect.And another kind of problem, like physical shock, the research of height strains such as cartridge shooting and explosion is but slow relatively.This has increased difficulty owing to the response speed of high strain to demodulation first, moreover is the competition from the ripe sensing technology of tradition.In academic dissertation " applied research of optical fiber Bragg raster in the dynamic strain input " that the king of University Of Tianjin is and doctor's Wu Xiaodong of Zhejiang University academic dissertation " fiber Bragg Grating Strain Sensor Technology and applied research thereof "; The principle of fiber-optic grating sensor and the advantage in dynamic measurement system have all been introduced in detail; In Selection of Sensor, deep research and simulated experiment have all been done in the selection of circuit in the selection of demodulation method; Summarize the method that narrow-band light source, fiber grating add spectrometer; Measuring accuracy and corresponding frequencies have all had certain guarantee, but owing to be to select narrow-band light source for use, and adopt spectrometer to carry out the signal demodulation; So cost an arm and a leg, complicated operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can avoid disturbance in the measuring process significantly the influence of measurement result; And it is with low cost; Simple to operate, measurement range can reach
, and measuring error is controlled at 4% with interior grating transient strain sensor senses device.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, and this device is made up of ASE light source, coupling mechanism, optical fiber Bragg raster, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer and photodetector; Many the equidistant gun tube outer walls that are laid in of optical fiber Bragg raster; The optical fiber Bragg raster number is according to the number decision of the output terminal of coupling mechanism; The output terminal of ASE light source is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism; A plurality of output terminals of coupling mechanism connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of a plurality of full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers through light path, the strain input of a plurality of full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers links to each other with many optical fiber Bragg rasters respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer connection photodetector.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage:
(1) the present invention adopts full optical fibre device, does not have outer light path debugging, and is easy and simple to handle, guaranteed when the Electromagnetic Launching track triggers the antijamming capability of test macro under the strong-electromagnetic field working environment.
(2) high-speed data acquiring device of the present invention can guarantee to export in real time strain-time curve; Owing to the real-time of harvester, also can attach and measure average velocity in the bullet thorax, and export the result in real time in addition.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Electromagnetic Launching track outer arm strain gauge means synoptic diagram that proposes according to the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is as a kind of Electromagnetic Launching track strain gauge means, and the transient state that can be used as the strain of weapon launching trajectory is measured in real time.The design concept science, clear in structure, each component processing is convenient.And, how to be convenient in interferometer, install and debug owing to taken into full account in the design process, so whole member possesses miniaturization, light-weighted characteristics.As long as fiber grating is sticked on just face of testee, get final product the transient strain that in real time accurate Measuring Object takes place.
The present invention is based on the sensing principle of optical fiber Bragg raster, promptly for the incident light of wide spectrum, optical fiber Bragg raster will be a very narrow frequency band reflection of centre wavelength with the Bragg wavelength, and transmission will take place remaining spectral component.Grating receives under the situation of stress, and the Bragg wavelength changes, and at this moment, the optical grating reflection spectrum line will drift about to the direction of Bragg wavelength change.With reflected light input optical fibre interferometer, tested strain is time dependent transient strain, and the interference fringe that will change in the generation cycle during therefore through interference system through the deciphering to the interference fringe phase place, just can demodulate corresponding strain information.
The present invention uses ASE wideband light source (1545nm～1555nm); The non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder interference system 7 of full optical fiber that the coherent light that has transient strain information of fiber grating reflected back is connected with 3 * 3 coupling mechanisms 6 and forms through 1 * 2 coupling mechanism 3; Utilize the length difference of interferometer two arms self to produce interference signal; Through the optical interference striped that demodulation produced, finally calculate strain-time curve, realize the strain of instantaneous measurement Electromagnetic Launching track outer arm.
The characteristics of this device demodulation mode are to have adopted the characteristic of three tunnel output light phase mutual deviations
of 3 * 3 coupling mechanisms 6; Utilize three steps PSK demodulation strain phase place, the linear relationship according to strain and phase place obtains strain curve again.
The present invention is achieved in that the output terminal input grating of ASE wideband light source from
coupling mechanism 3; The reflected light that has strain information through optical grating reflection is exported through another output terminal, and gets into interferometer.Interferometer is to be formed by
coupling mechanism 3 and
coupling mechanism 6 butt joints; The phase place of three road light signals of warp
coupling mechanism 6 outputs differs 120o each other; Like this; Obtain the phase information of interference signal through three step phase-shifting methods, can obtain corresponding strain value.Interference fringe converts electric signal into through photodetector.This signal transfers to data acquisition processing system, resolves the real-time visual output of realization time-strain curve through program.
Many optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output light of ASE light source 1 is imported an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3 respectively after
coupling mechanism 2 even beam split, get into optical fiber Bragg raster 5 by this output terminal through coupling mechanism.Optical fiber Bragg raster 5 will be imported in the optical frequency band and reflect with the former road of the corresponding spectral component of Bragg wavelength; And, get into full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 by another output terminal output of
coupling mechanism 3.The present invention uses a Mach - Zehnder interferometer 7 is
coupler 3 and
coupler 6 butt together.Like this; Grating reflection light gets into interferometer through the input end of
coupling mechanism 3; Because strain is a transient changing; The centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum also is respective change in time, therefore, will produce interference fringe at the output terminal of interferometer.We utilize
coupling mechanism 6 to realize a kind of new demodulation mode.Interference signal is divided into three tunnel outputs by
coupling mechanism 6 output terminals; Utilize the characteristic of three road signal phase mutual deviations
, we use three phase-shifting methods of interference fringe just can calculate each phase information of interference field constantly:
Wherein
is the light intensity of three-way output signal.
Again according to the corresponding relation of strain and phase place:
Just can obtain strain value:
On the other hand, produce the sequential relationship of maximum strain through each measurement point in the emission process of the oscillograph recording that is connected with photoelectric commutator 8, this cover system can also obtain the average velocity of bullet motion between adjacent two measurement points comparatively accurately.When the bullet motion arrives measurement point; The strain that grating produces rate and dependent variable over time all reaches maximal value; The time dependent frequency of interference fringe this moment is also the highest; Therefore be easy to detect each paths and the time point of close interference fringe occurs, thereby can calculate the average velocity that average velocity and shell between the adjacent measurement points move in whole hall.If the measurement point number is increased; Also be that distance between adjacent measurement points constantly reduces; We can obtain the average velocity that bullet moves to each little fragment position more accurately so, can arrange 8 or 10 test points uniformly, calculate like this average velocity more approach the instantaneous velocity of the bullet institute point of arrival; And can more clearly obtain the accelerator of bullet in thorax, arrive the time and the position of maximal rate, and go out parameter such as thorax speed.
The present invention requires the high precision of test macro, transient state according to Launch Dynamics and in view of the drawback of common testing methods, has designed to have more high resolving power the better signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the test macro of practicability more.This system uses the ASE wideband light source to be connected with 3 * 3 coupling mechanisms with 1 * 2 brand-new coupling mechanism and the non-equilibrium M-Z interferometer of full optical fiber that forms; Rely on the capture card image data of the high response frequency of high precision; Finally calculate the strain size through more simple three step phase shift algorithms; Realized high precision, the instantaneous measurement of fast-response to the strain of Electromagnetic Launching track outer arm.
Utilize the interferometer measuration system that can carry out transient strain real-time measurement of optical fiber Bragg raster as sensitive element; Measurement range can reach
, and measuring error is controlled at 4%.It uses mainly as electromagnetic path outer arm strain gauge means, for gun tube outer arm transient strain changes the reasonably information that provides accurately.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, and a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, this device is made up of ASE light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber Bragg raster 5, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 and photodetector 8; Article four, optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output terminal of ASE light source 1 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism 2; Four output terminals of coupling mechanism 2 connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of four full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 through light path, the strain input of four full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 links to each other with four optical fiber Bragg rasters 5 respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 connection photodetector 8; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism 3.1, output
coupling mechanism 3.2 and
coupling mechanism 6; The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism 3.2 receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3.1; Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism 6; Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism 6 is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
Embodiment 2: a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, and this device is made up of ASE light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber Bragg raster 5, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 and photodetector 8; Article two, optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output terminal of ASE light source 1 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism 2; Two output terminals of coupling mechanism 2 connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of two full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 through light path, the strain input of two full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 links to each other with two optical fiber Bragg rasters 5 respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 connection photodetector 8; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism 3.1, output
coupling mechanism 3.2 and
coupling mechanism 6; The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism 3.2 receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3.1; Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism 6; Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism 6 is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
Embodiment 3: a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, and this device is made up of ASE light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber Bragg raster 5, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 and photodetector 8; Article six, optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output terminal of ASE light source 1 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism 2; Six output terminals of coupling mechanism 2 connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of six full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 through light path, the strain input of six full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 links to each other with six optical fiber Bragg rasters 5 respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 connection photodetector 8; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism 3.1, output
coupling mechanism 3.2 and
coupling mechanism 6; The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism 3.2 receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3.1; Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism 6; Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism 6 is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
Embodiment 4: a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, and this device is made up of ASE light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber Bragg raster 5, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 and photodetector 8; Article seven, optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output terminal of ASE light source 1 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism 2; Seven output terminals of coupling mechanism 2 connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of seven full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 through light path, the strain input of seven full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 links to each other with seven optical fiber Bragg rasters 5 respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 connection photodetector 8; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism 3.1, output
coupling mechanism 3.2 and
coupling mechanism 6; The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism 3.2 receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3.1; Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism 6; Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism 6 is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
Embodiment 5: a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device, and this device is made up of ASE light source 1, coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber Bragg raster 5, full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 and photodetector 8; Article ten, optical fiber Bragg raster 5 equidistant gun tube 4 outer walls that are laid in; The output terminal of ASE light source 1 is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism 2; Ten output terminals of coupling mechanism 2 connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of ten full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 through light path, the strain input of ten full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers 7 links to each other with ten optical fiber Bragg rasters 5 respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 connection photodetector 8; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer 7 is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism 3.1, output
coupling mechanism 3.2 and
coupling mechanism 6; The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism 3.2 receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism 3.1; Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism 6; Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism 3.1 is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism 6 is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
Claims (2)
1. a grating transient strain sensor senses device is characterized in that, this device is made up of ASE light source (1), coupling mechanism (2), optical fiber Bragg raster (5), full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer (7) and photodetector (8); Equidistant gun tube (4) outer wall that is laid in of many optical fiber Bragg rasters (5); Optical fiber Bragg raster (5) number is according to the number decision of the output terminal of coupling mechanism (2); The output terminal of ASE light source (1) is connected with the input end of coupling mechanism (2); A plurality of output terminals of coupling mechanism (2) connect identical light path respectively; And link to each other with the light source input end of a plurality of full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers (7) through light path, the strain input of a plurality of full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometers (7) links to each other with many optical fiber Bragg rasters (5) respectively, full the output terminal of optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer (7) connection photodetector (8).
2. a kind of grating transient strain sensor senses device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Full optical fiber mach-Zehnder interferometer (7) is formed by receiving
coupling mechanism (3.1), output
coupling mechanism (3.2) and
coupling mechanism (6); The input end that wherein receives
coupling mechanism (3.1) is the strain input of interferometer; The input termination of output
coupling mechanism (3.2) receives an output terminal of
coupling mechanism (3.1); Output terminal docks with
coupling mechanism (6); Another output terminal that receives
coupling mechanism (3.1) is exactly the light source input end of interferometer, and the output terminal of
coupling mechanism (6) is exactly the output terminal of interferometer.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2272033A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-15 | Jenoptik Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement for determining the temperature and strain of an optical fiber |
| US20030081879A1 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-01 | Sebastien Gilbert | Fast phase modulation of the arms of a fiberoptics Mach-Zehnder interferometer during the elongation of the second coupler |
| CN202149751U (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-22 | 北京理工大学 | Wireless transient strain storage test system |
| CN101625258B (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2012-03-21 | 上海华魏光纤传感技术有限公司 | Optical fiber vibration sensing system based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer and sensing method |
-
2012
- 2012-05-25 CN CN2012101658160A patent/CN102679901A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2272033A1 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 1999-11-15 | Jenoptik Aktiengesellschaft | Arrangement for determining the temperature and strain of an optical fiber |
| US20030081879A1 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-01 | Sebastien Gilbert | Fast phase modulation of the arms of a fiberoptics Mach-Zehnder interferometer during the elongation of the second coupler |
| CN101625258B (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2012-03-21 | 上海华魏光纤传感技术有限公司 | Optical fiber vibration sensing system based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer and sensing method |
| CN202149751U (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-22 | 北京理工大学 | Wireless transient strain storage test system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 何勇等: "炮管瞬态应变测试仪", 《东南大学学报》 * |
| 王志国: "光纤Bragg光栅应变检测技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |