CN102668881A - Hericium coralloides - Google Patents
Hericium coralloides Download PDFInfo
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- CN102668881A CN102668881A CN2012101494160A CN201210149416A CN102668881A CN 102668881 A CN102668881 A CN 102668881A CN 2012101494160 A CN2012101494160 A CN 2012101494160A CN 201210149416 A CN201210149416 A CN 201210149416A CN 102668881 A CN102668881 A CN 102668881A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hericium coralloides bacterial strain, called Xueyu tricholoma matsutake, belonging to the field of edible mushroom, wherein the bacterial strain is collected in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Centre (CGMCC) on March 16, 2012 with the collection number of CGMCC No. 5906. The hyphae of Xueyu tricholoma matsutake of hericium coralloides grow fast, are robust and has strong disease-resistant and contaminating bacteria-resistant capacity; and the Xueyu tricholoma matsutake disclosed by the invention is short in growth cycle, and capable of overgrowing a bacterial bag in 30-35 days after inoculation; additionally, the Xueyu tricholoma matsutake disclosed by the invention is high in yield, and high in biotransformation rate which can reach 50-70%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the edible mushroom field, be specifically related to a kind of Hydnum.
Background technology
Hydnum (Hericium coralloides) has another name called preserved egg mushroom, beautiful whisker etc., and its fruit body meat has several soft and tough short and small major branches usually, and each major branch is branch repeatedly again, and therefore the likeness in form coral is called Hydnum.The Hydnum edible, its delicious U.S.A, nutritious; Also can be aid digestion, control stomach ulcer and nourishing and fit keeping function arranged, control neurasthenia, in poor health etc., have good medical value.
Hydnum mainly is distributed in ground such as China Heilungkiang, Jilin, the Inner Mongol, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Xinjiang.Hydnum is born in withered trees such as white birch oak, fir, dragon spruce, toothed oak wood summer and autumn, fall on the wood.It is wild that Hydnum is generally, and has been difficult to now seek, and therefore needs the habituation of wild Hydnum to carry out the demand that artificial cultivation could satisfy people's life.The Hydnum of now existing artificial domesticating cultivation, biology efficient is about 40% [model space light etc., edible fungi of china, 2010.29 (4), 10-11].(patent No. is patent " edible Hericium coralloides and cultivation method thereof ": ZL200810051349.2) also disclose a kind of Hydnum and cultivation method thereof.But its biological transformation ratio is low, therefore still needs the new Hydnum of domestication, so that on output, quality, make the needs that satisfy people's life.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of Hydnum.
A kind of Hydnum of the present invention (Hericium coralloides) bacterial strain is avenged beautiful matsutake; (the preservation address was: No. 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica in Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation on 03 16th, 2012; Postcode 100101), its deposit number is CGMCC No.5906.
Hydnum bacterial strain of the present invention is avenged the separation domestication process of beautiful matsutake:
The inventor gathered the wild edible fungus kind in the mountain forest in source, the Liaohe River, Liu Xi township, Pingquan County, Chengde City, Hebei Province in 2009; The host is wild rotten toothed oak wood; Separate two kinds of methods through mycelia in separate tissue and the host's toothed oak wood and obtain 16 in bacterial strain samples; Through economical character contrast screening, confirm the starting strain of 4 bacterial strains then as further breed breeding to mycelia in the test tube.Adopt the systematic breeding method that 4 wild strains are carried out seed selection again; Design different culture based formulas, temperature condition, damp condition (comprising moisture content in medium, relative air humidity), illumination condition, acid-base value condition etc.; Filter out therefrom that mycelial growth rate is fast, the bacterial strain of robust growth; Carry out disease-resistant anti-assorted bacterium ability test again, finally confirm a bacterial strain, called after is avenged beautiful matsutake.
Avenging the morphological feature and the classification of beautiful matsutake identifies: avenge beautiful Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore and be the cauliflower shape, and white or faint yellow when fresh, filbert when doing to the brown of becoming rusty, diameter 7-30cm, by the continuous branch for several times of base portion, last branch is very thin, forms the flora of an evacuation; Bacterial context white, the bacterium thorn is distributed in the branch total length, stings long 1-5mm, overhangs the downside of sprig; Spore is silvery white or colourless, and diameter 4-5.5 μ m is spherical or subsphaeroidal, smooth surface.Examine under a microscope mycelia, nucleated mycelium has the clamp connection (see figure 1).Warp and " Northeast China wild edible and medicinal fungi figure will " (wear and kindly help secure the success of etc. the .2007 of Science Press) in relevant Hydnum characteristic of division and " Chinese macro fungi " (fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches morning mist chief editor. the .2000 of version society of Henan Science and Technology Branch) in the photo contrast of Hydnum, confirm that the beautiful matsutake of snow belongs to Hydnum (Hericium coralloides) in classification.
Avenge the condition of growing of beautiful matsutake: on suitable culture medium, 25 ℃ of cultivations, mycelia can be covered with 20 * 200mm test tube slant in 10～12 days, and mycelia is greyish white, crawled to grow no shoestring in media surface.In the bacterium bag, the mycelia suitable growth temperature is 22～28 ℃, is preferably 25 ℃; The latter stage of ripening that mycelia is covered with behind the bag is 10～12 days; Fruit body is the cauliflower shape, and the fruiting temperature is 18～24 ℃, if be lower than 14 ℃ or be higher than 25 ℃ of fruit bodys and stop fruiting fully; The relative air humidity of fruiting phase is avenged the suitable substituting stuff cultivation of beautiful matsutake 85～95%.
(patent No. is: ZL200810051349.2) (deposit number is disclosed Hydnum bacterial strain: contrast CGMCC No.2376) with " edible Hericium coralloides and cultivation method thereof "; The difference of avenging beautiful matsutake is: the beautiful matsutake mycelia of (1) snow does not have shoestring, and CGMCC No.2376 mycelia has shoestring; (2), the beautiful Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of snow is white in color when fresh or faint yellow, and CGMCC No.2376 fruit body is snow-white when fresh; (3), the beautiful Tricholoma matsutake (lto et lmai) Singer sporophore of snow is the cauliflower shape, and CGMCC No.2376 fruit body is the mist pine tree and hangs shape, therefore, avenging beautiful matsutake is different bacterial strains with CGMCC No.2376.
Avenge the esterase isozyme electrophoresis of beautiful matsutake and identify that authentication method is with reference to agricultural industry criteria " NY/T1097-2006 edible fungus species authenticity identification esterase isozyme electrophoresis ".(see figure 2) avenges that enzyme has 3 in the esterase isozyme electrophoresis pattern of beautiful matsutake as a result, and mobility is respectively 0.50,0.65,0.75.
Can know from above morphological feature and other characteristics, avenge beautiful matsutake and belong to Hydnum (Hericium coralloides), and different with existing Hydnum bacterial strain, be a new bacterial strain.
A kind of production method of Hydnum comprises the steps:
(1), female breeding of planting according to the ratio of percentage by weight 1～3% with the Hydnum bacterial classification inoculation on mother culture media; At 23～27 ℃, relative air humidity is that lucifuge was cultivated 10～12 days under 40～60% conditions; Mycelia is covered with the test tube slant, obtains the female kind of Hydnum; The raw material of described mother culture media is formed and part by weight is: wood chip 8～15g, potato ball 180～300g, glucose 15～20g; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2～3.5g, magnesium sulfate 1～2g, peptone 2～3.5g; Agar 15～25g, water 1000ml, pH value 4.5～6.5;
(2) being that 3～5% ratio is inoculated in female kind of gained Hydnum in the step (1) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating according to percentage by weight, is that lucifuge was cultivated 22～28 days under 40～60% conditions at 22～28 ℃, relative air humidity, the Hydnum original seed; The raw material constituent and the percentage by weight thereof of described cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating are: wood chip 35～50%, corncob 20～35%, wheat bran 20～30%, sucrose 0.5～2%, gypsum 0.5～2%; Be that 1: 1.22～1.50 ratio adds entry with material-water ratio again;
(3) being 3～5% ratio according to percentage by weight is inoculated in the Hydnum original seed of gained in the step (2) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating, is to cultivate under 40～60% conditions 22～28 days at 22～28 ℃, relative air humidity, the Hydnum cultivated species; The same step of the constituent of described cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating and percentage by weight thereof (2);
(4) being that 5～8% ratio is inoculated in Hydnum cultivated species in the step (3) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating according to percentage by weight, is that lucifuge was cultivated 30～35 days under 40～60% conditions at 22～28 ℃, relative air humidity, and mycelia is covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating; Spray water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water; The same step of the constituent of described cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating and percentage by weight thereof (2);
(5), management of producing mushroom and the mycelia of gathering cover with the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating after 7～12 days, is 85～95% at 18～24 ℃, relative air humidity again, illumination is to cultivate 7～10 days under the condition of 800-1000 lux, sprays water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water; When bacterium thorn fully exhibition stretch and begin when sagging the fruit body of gathering; Cut off from the fruit body root when gathering, cut out the stem root in the cultivate material again.
Aforementioned production method after having adopted the first damp mushroom, is that lucifuge was cultivated 8～12 days under 40～60% conditions at 22～28 ℃, relative air humidity, and mycelia is covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating; Be 85～95% at 18～24 ℃, relative air humidity then, illumination is to cultivate 10～12 days under the condition of 800-1000 lux, sprays water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water; When bacterium thorn fully exhibition stretch and begin when sagging the fruit body of gathering for the second time.
Hydnum described in the aforementioned production method step (1) (Hericium coralloides) can be the beautiful matsutake of snow; (the preservation address was: No. 3 Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica in Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation on 03 16th, 2012; Postcode 100101), its deposit number is CGMCC No.5906.
Bacterial classification described in aforementioned production method step (1), (2), (3), (4) is meant mycelia.
Wood chip described in aforementioned production method step (1), (2), (3), (4) can be toothed oak wood (Quercus mongolica) wood chip, white birch oak bits, fir wood chip, dragon spruce wood chip etc.; Preferred toothed oak wood wood chip.
Cultivation temperature described in aforementioned production method step (2), (3), (4) is preferably 24～26 ℃, further is preferably 25 ℃.
Relative air humidity described in aforementioned production method step (2), (3), (4) is preferably 60%.
The constituent and the ratio thereof of the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating described in aforementioned production method step (2), (3), (4) are preferably: wood chip 43%, corncob 30%, wheat bran 25%, sugar 1%, gypsum 1%; Material-water ratio is 1: 1.5, and promptly water content is 60%.
The preparation method of the mother culture media described in the aforementioned production method step (1) comprises and proportionally will remove the peel potato cutting (the about 1cm of diameter) and wood chip places 500ml water that boiling water boils 30min, 4 layers of filtered through gauze, taking juice; In gained juice, add glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, peptone, agar, stir, add water and be settled to 1000ml, regulate pH value 4.5-6.5, packing test tube, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min; The pendulum inclined-plane, subsequent use.Described wood chip can be a toothed oak wood wood chip.
The preparation method of the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating described in aforementioned production method step (2), (3) is: proportionally each raw material components is mixed, stir; Add entry according to material-water ratio again, stir, the dress bottle/bag, the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating adopts autoclaving, keeps 150min down at 125 ℃; Or the employing normal-pressure sterilization, kept 14 hours down at 100 ℃.
The preparation method of the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating described in the aforementioned production method step (4): proportionally each component is mixed, stir; Add entry according to material-water ratio again, stir, pack; Cultivation bag adopts polypropylene or Polythene Bag, general 5～6 of cultivation bag thickness, bacterium bag folding footpath 17cm, long 35cm; The cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating for preparing is packed in the bag, require the degree of tightness appropriateness, install in the sack of back and turn in the hole in the middle of being pressed into, and insert hollow bar, put in the sterilization basket, promptly sterilize.The general normal-pressure sterilization that adopts, go up atmosphere in the steamer after, kept 12～14 hours down at 100 ℃, after cooling inoculation.
Postvaccinal cultivation bag piling is put; Can sign indicating number 3～6 layers according to natural temperature, but must control bacterium bag temperature at 22～28 ℃, under the normal growth condition; Be about 30 days generally in the time that mycelia after the inoculation is covered with the bacterium bag; After mycelia is covered with the bacterium bag, just can put on the shelf and carry out management of producing mushroom, about 1 meter of pavement should be stayed in the centre, is convenient to management and gathers.Bacterium bag fruiting is fast, output is high in order to make, generally after mycelia is covered with, when beginning to put on the shelf; Remove the tampon of cultivation sack, the management, particularly temperature of strengthening circulation of air and temp. and humidity are very important; Between 18～24 ℃ of certain maintenances of sporophore growth stage, and in ventilation, require to have certain scattered beam; Impel fruit body to form, during as if discovery mushroom flower bud, should increase moisture management immediately.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect: (1) the invention provides a new Hydnum bacterial strain, and this bacterium mycelial growth rate is fast, robust growth, and disease-resistant anti-assorted bacterium ability is strong; (2) the present invention is with short production cycle, avenge beautiful matsutake inoculation back and covered with the bacterium bag in 30～35 days, and patent " edible Hericium coralloides and cultivation method thereof " bacterial strain (ZL200810051349.2) need cover with the bacterium bag in 45～55 days; (3) fruiting of the present invention is neat, and tide is inferior clearly demarcated.Go out two damp mushrooms generally speaking, the output of first tide accounts for more than 60% of gross yield; (4) output of the present invention is high, biology efficient is high, and the biological transformation ratio that the present invention avenges beautiful matsutake can reach 50-70%, and the biology efficient [model space light etc., edible fungi of china, 2010.29 (4), 10-11] about 40% of general Hydnum bacterial strain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 avenges the micro-collection of illustrative plates of beautiful matsutake mycelia, and wherein 1 shows nucleated mycelium and clamp connection.
Fig. 2 avenges beautiful matsutake esterase isozyme electrophoresis pattern sketch map; Wherein 2,3,4 is different electrophoretic bands, and its mobility is respectively 0.5,0.65,0.75.
Fig. 3 avenges beautiful matsutake fruiting photo.
Fig. 4 avenges beautiful matsutake fruiting photo.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment the present invention is done further explanation below, but protection scope of the present invention is not constituted restriction.
Carry out according to following method:
(1) preparation of mother culture media will be removed the peel potato cutting (the about 1cm of diameter) 250g and toothed oak wood (Quercus mongolica) wood chip 15g and placed 500ml water, and boiling water boils 30min, 4 layers of filtered through gauze, taking juice; In gained juice, add glucose 18g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium sulfate 2g, peptone 2g, agar 18g stirs, and adds water and is settled to 1000ml, regulates pH value 6.The packing test tube, 121 ℃ of sterilization 30min; The pendulum inclined-plane, subsequent use.
(2) preparation of cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating according to the percentage by weight ratio with toothed oak wood wood chip 38%, corncob 35%, wheat bran 23%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2% mixes, and stirs; Be that 1: 1.3 part by weight adds entry according to material-water ratio again, stir that dress bottle/bag (every sacked material 500g (weight of water does not count)) adopts high pressure (pressure is 0.135MPa) sterilization, keeps 150min at 125 ℃; Cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating autoclaving commonly used, or adopt normal-pressure sterilization, kept 14 hours at 100 ℃.
(3), according to the ratio of percentage by weight 3% with Hydnum (Hericium coralloides) bacterial strain avenge beautiful matsutake (on 03 16th, 2012 in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation; Its deposit number is CGMCC No.5906) bacterial classification inoculation is on mother culture media (its constituent and weight ratio thereof are seen step (1)); At 25 ℃, relative air humidity is that lucifuge was cultivated 12 days under 50% condition; Mycelia is covered with the test tube slant, obtains the female kind of Hydnum;
(4), be that 5% ratio is inoculated in female kind of gained Hydnum in the step (3) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating (its constituent and percentage by weight thereof are seen step (2)) according to percentage by weight; At 26 ℃, relative air humidity is that lucifuge was cultivated 28 days under 60% condition, the Hydnum original seed;
(5), being 5% ratio according to percentage by weight is inoculated in the Hydnum original seed of gained in the step (4) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating (its constituent and percentage by weight thereof are seen step (2)); At 25 ℃, relative air humidity is to cultivate 25 days under 50% condition, the Hydnum cultivated species;
(6), be that 8% ratio is inoculated in cultivated species in the step (5) on the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating ((its constituent and percentage by weight thereof are seen step (2))) according to percentage by weight; At 26 ℃, relative air humidity is that lucifuge was cultivated 35 days under 50% condition, and mycelia is covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating; Spray water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water;
(7), management of producing mushroom and the mycelia of gathering covered with behind the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating 10 days, is 95% at 20 ℃, relative air humidity again, illumination is to cultivate 10 days under the 1000 lux conditions, sprays water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water; When bacterium thorn fully exhibition stretch and begin (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) when sagging, the fruit body of gathering; Fruit body is a white, is the cauliflower shape; Cut off from the fruit body root when gathering, cut out the stem root in the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating again, average every bag is produced mushroom 210g (every packed 500g composts or fertilisers of cultivating), and biological transformation ratio is 42%.
(8), after step (7) has been adopted the first damp mushroom, be that lucifuge was cultivated 12 days under 60% condition at 25 ℃, relative air humidity, mycelia is covered with the cultivation composts or fertilisers of cultivating; Be 90% at 22 ℃, relative air humidity then, illumination is to cultivate 10 days under the 1000 lux conditions, sprays water every day 1～2 time, cloudy day or rainy day do not spray water; When bacterium thorn fully exhibition stretch and begin when sagging, the fruit body of gathering for the second time, the result produces mushroom 140g (every packed 500g composts or fertilisers of cultivating) for average every bag, biological transformation ratio is 28%.
To sum up, average every bag (500g composts or fertilisers of cultivating) output of two damp mushrooms is 350g, and its biological transformation ratio adds up to 70%, and the present invention avenges beautiful matsutake output height, biological transformation ratio is high, and growth cycle is short.
Claims (1)
1. a Hydnum (Hericium coralloides) bacterial strain is avenged beautiful matsutake, on 03 16th, 2012 in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, its deposit number is CGMCC No.5906.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210149416 CN102668881B (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Hericium coralloides |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210149416 CN102668881B (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Hericium coralloides |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102668881A true CN102668881A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102668881B CN102668881B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106856984A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-20 | 武景江 | A kind of Hydnum tree and its cultural method |
| CN108676728A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-10-19 | 富乐顿生物工程科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of production polysaccharide space Hydnum ST21-2 and its application in improving antioxidation |
| CN116515641B (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-09-29 | 吉林农业大学 | A coral-like hericium and its applications |
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2012
- 2012-05-15 CN CN 201210149416 patent/CN102668881B/en active Active
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| 张先云，袁秀云编著，: "《河南野生食用真菌》", 30 June 2009, 西安地图出版社 * |
| 邵力平，项存悌编著: "《中国森林蘑菇》", 31 December 1997, 东北林业大学出版社 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106856984A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-20 | 武景江 | A kind of Hydnum tree and its cultural method |
| CN108676728A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-10-19 | 富乐顿生物工程科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of production polysaccharide space Hydnum ST21-2 and its application in improving antioxidation |
| CN108676728B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2021-09-14 | 富乐顿生物工程科技（北京）有限公司 | Polysaccharide-producing space coralloid hericium ST21-2 and application thereof in improving biological oxidation resistance |
| CN116515641B (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-09-29 | 吉林农业大学 | A coral-like hericium and its applications |
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| CN102668881B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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