CN102654571B - Comprehensive tester of current transformer - Google Patents
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- CN102654571B CN102654571B CN201110049870.4A CN201110049870A CN102654571B CN 102654571 B CN102654571 B CN 102654571B CN 201110049870 A CN201110049870 A CN 201110049870A CN 102654571 B CN102654571 B CN 102654571B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive tester of a current transformer, comprising a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) control calculation module, a power amplification output module, an AD (Analog-Digital) sampling module and a data processing module, wherein the DSP control calculation module is used for sending a control signal according to testing parameters set by the data processing module to control the power amplification output module to generate a required voltage source for the current transformer, and is used for controlling the AD sampling module to collect required current transformer data; and the data processing module is used for setting the testing parameters according to a DSP, reading a testing result which is calculated by the DSP control calculation module according to the collected current transformer data, and storing testing data. The comprehensive tester disclosed by the invention adopts a frequency conversion technology to generate required needed voltage source for the current transformer to be detected; the parameters needing to be measured are calculated by sampling module data of the current transformer; and a booster and a current raising device are not required, so that the volume of tester is greatly reduced, the test parameters are complete, the accuracy is high and beneficial guarantees are provided for safe operation of a power grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing tool technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of on-the-spot digital current transformer comprehensive tester that can be used for.
Background technology
Current transformer be a kind of under regular service condition its secondary current be directly proportional in fact to primary current, and its phase differential in the time that connecting method is correct close to zero mutual inductor.Current transformer is widely used in electric system, and a windings in series of current transformer is in power circuit, and Secondary Winding external circuit connects surveying instrument, instrument or relay protection, automaton.Therefore the accuracy of current transformer is related to the safe and stable operation that can secondary device normally work, be related to whole electrical network.
The method that traditional current transformer testing apparatus adopts the up-flow that boosts to test, needs built-in stepup transformer and current lifting device equipment to realize required voltage conventionally, can only be applied to the test that saturation voltage is less than 2000V.On the one hand, in the time that excitation property is tested, adopt the method for stepup transformer and current lifting device to have significant limitation, cause that test parameter is complete, accuracy is not high; On the other hand, built-in stepup transformer and current lifting device equipment often make testing apparatus become heavy, are not easy to transport and use.And along with the rising of system voltage grade, the saturation voltage of mutual inductor is more and more higher, when test, also need external step-up transformer, required testing apparatus is just heavier.And for transient current transformer, the saturation voltage of a lot of transient transformers is up to 15KV, this method of testing cannot be exported so high voltage at all.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, large for the testing apparatus volume of existing current transformer and can not test high saturation voltage current transformer defect, provides a kind of test signal that produces under low-voltage condition to carry out the current transformer comprehensive tester of test automatically to current transformer.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of current transformer comprehensive tester, adopt converter technique, control power amplifier output module by DSP and give current transformer to be measured according to voltage source corresponding to the parameter generating of required measurement, and the module data of current transformer is sampled, calculate the parameter of required measurement.
The invention provides a kind of current transformer comprehensive tester, it is characterized in that, comprising: DSP controls computing module, power amplifier output module, AD sampling module and data processing module; Described DSP controls computing module and is connected with described power amplifier output module, controls power amplifier output module produce required voltage source to current transformer for transmitting control signal according to the test parameter of described data processing module setting; Described DSP controls computing module and is also connected with described AD sampling module, gathers required current transformer data for controlling AD sampling module; Described data processing module is controlled computing module with described DSP and is connected, for test parameter being set, reading test result and preservation test data that described DSP control computing module calculates according to the current transformer data that gather.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described DSP controls computing module and adopts described in converter technique and control power amplifier output module, the low pressure of the high pressure equivalence in output and power frequency situation.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described DSP controls computing module in the time calculating magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy current loss, and the data that gather are carried out to loss balancing.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described loss balancing is that the difference of calculating the loss producing in magnetic hysteresis loss under the frequency of described voltage source or eddy current loss and power frequency situation compensates.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described data processing module and DSP control computing module can carry out automatic analysis for the parameter of the current transformer of unknown parameters.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described data processing module and DSP control computing module and can automatically detect test wiring error, automatically detect whether surveyed device is current transformer, interference is tested in removal according to test environment automatically.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described power amplifier output module is connected with the secondary circuit of described current transformer, required control signal is sent to the secondary circuit of described current transformer, and described power amplifier output module is made up of output control module and amplifier, output control module is controlled by FPGA, adopt high-resolution D/A converter, amplifier adopts metering level high precision switching amplifier.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described AD sampling module is connected with secondary circuit with the primary circuit of described current transformer simultaneously, gathers the primary circuit of current transformer and the data of secondary circuit simultaneously.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described current transformer comprehensive tester also comprises human-computer interaction module, is connected, for receiving test instruction and showing test results with described data processing module.
In current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, described current transformer comprehensive tester also comprises the network interface module for being connected with PC, receives the Control experiment signal of PC software, and test data is uploaded to upper generation of PC and report.
Implement current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: the present invention is by adopting converter technique, controlling computing module by DSP transmits control signal and controls power amplifier output module and give current transformer to be measured according to voltage source corresponding to the parameter generating of required measurement, and the module data of current transformer is sampled, calculate the parameter of required measurement; Due to without adopting stepup transformer and current lifting device, greatly reduce the volume of equipment, can be applicable to easily the automatic test that the low magnetism leakage current transformer at various scenes enters; Comprehensive tester of the present invention also can be measured the transient current transformer in network system simultaneously, and knee voltage can be up to 30KV, and its test parameter is complete, and accuracy is high, for electric power netting safe running provides favourable guarantee.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is according to the module diagram of the current transformer comprehensive tester of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the module diagram of the current transformer comprehensive tester of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of power generation module;
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of serial communication module;
Fig. 5 is the main circuit schematic diagram that DSP controls computing module;
Fig. 6 is current transformer simple equivalent circuit.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
The present invention adopts voltage converter technique, control power amplifier output module generation different frequency, the sine of different voltages or the direct current signal of square-wave signal and different amplitudes by DSP and give current transformer to be measured, and magnitude of voltage, current value, resistance value, frequency values and phase value etc. to current transformer different circuit are sampled, analysis and calculation, directly show with figure and data mode at man-machine interface, produce test report simultaneously.
Refer to Fig. 1, for according to the module diagram of the current transformer comprehensive tester of first embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, the current transformer comprehensive tester 100 that first embodiment of the invention provides comprises: DSP controls computing module 108, power amplifier output module 106, AD sampling module 104 and data processing module 110.
Wherein, power amplifier output module 106 and AD sampling module 104 are connected to current transformer 102 to be measured, being respectively used to provides voltage source to current transformer 102 to be measured, and adopts the circuit data of current transformer 102.
DSP controls computing module 108 and is connected with power amplifier output module 106, transmit control signal to power amplifier output module 106 for the test parameter arranging according to data processing module 110, thereby make power amplifier output module 106 produce required voltage source to current transformer 102.DSP controls computing module 108 and can adopt described in converter technique and control power amplifier output module, the low pressure of the high pressure equivalence in output and power frequency situation.That is to say, DSP controls computing module 108 can be according to the difference of the parameter of required measurement, send the pwm signal of different frequency and different duty, thereby control, power amplifier 106 produces the sine of different frequency, different voltages or the direct current signal of square-wave signal and different amplitudes is given current transformer 102 to be measured.
Described DSP controls computing module 108 and is also connected with described AD sampling module 104, gathers required current transformer data for controlling AD sampling module 104, calculates the parameter of required test.The circuit data of the required collections such as magnitude of voltage, current value, resistance value, frequency values and the phase value of AD sampling module 104 to current transformer 102 is sampled, and after AD conversion, flows to DSP control computing module 108.DSP controls computing module 108 can be to this data analysis and processing, and in the time calculating magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy current loss, the data that gather is carried out to loss balancing.This loss balancing is that the difference of calculating the loss producing in magnetic hysteresis loss under the frequency of described voltage source or eddy current loss and power frequency situation compensates.
Data processing module 110 is controlled computing module 108 with described DSP and is connected, for controlling key-press input, LCD demonstration.Data processing module 110 is carried out by industrial computer, and test parameter can be set, and reads described DSP and controls the test result that computing module calculates according to the current transformer data that gather, and realizes the computing of data, preserves test data and produces test report.In addition, current transformer comprehensive tester provided by the invention has the nameplate of guessing function, be that described data processing module and DSP control computing module can carry out automatic analysis for the parameter of the current transformer of unknown parameters, even in not knowing any parameter of surveyed current transformer, also can test current transformer, and the parameter of institute's current transformer is guessed out.This current transformer comprehensive tester also has intelligent test function, and data processing module and DSP control computing module and can automatically detect test wiring error, automatically detect whether surveyed device is current transformer, interference is tested in removal according to test environment automatically.
Refer to Fig. 2, for according to the module diagram of the current transformer comprehensive tester of second embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2, the current transformer comprehensive tester 200 that second embodiment of the invention provides is controlled computing module 208, power amplifier output module 206, AD sampling module 204 and data processing module 210 except comprising the DSP identical with 100 26S Proteasome Structure and Functions of the first embodiment, also comprises human-computer interaction module 212.Human-computer interaction module 212 and data processing module 210 communications, for receiving test instruction to data processing module 210 and showing the test result that data processing module 210 obtains.The test result that data processing module 210 of the present invention is processed, directly shows with figure and data mode at man-machine interface.The human-computer interaction module 212 that the current transformer comprehensive tester that the present embodiment provides can show with LCD, adopts Chinese and English to switch, and its friendly interface is attractive in appearance.The present embodiment can be by being the demonstration of industrial computer configuration liquid crystal display, and the interfaces such as SD storage card, network interface, USB, button, mouse-keyboard, realize human-computer interaction function.This current transformer comprehensive tester can be connected with PC by network interface module, utilizes the direct Control experiment of PC software, and it is upper that test data is uploaded to PC, generates the report of Word or Html form.
In addition,, as shown in the second embodiment, power amplifier output module 206 is connected with the secondary circuit 202-2 of described current transformer, required control signal is sent to the secondary circuit 202-2 of described current transformer.Described power amplifier output module can be made up of output control module and amplifier, and output control module is controlled by FPGA, adopts high-resolution D/A converter, and amplifier adopts metering level high precision switching amplifier.AD sampling module 204 is connected with secondary circuit 202-2 with the primary circuit 202-1 of described current transformer simultaneously, gathers the data of primary circuit 202-1 and the secondary circuit 202-2 of current transformer simultaneously.This AD sampling module 204 can adopt 16 A/D conversion chips of high precision, and electronic switch is set, and improves the measuring accuracy under different ranges.Send and sample and will be described follow-up for the concrete signal of different test parameters.
Current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention also comprises power generation module.Referring to Fig. 3, is the circuit theory diagrams of power generation module.This power generation module is used to DSP to control computing module, power amplifier output module and AD sampling module power supply is provided.In Fig. 3, adopt that power supply chip U11 produces 3.3V, 1.9V voltage is controlled computing module, power amplifier output module and AD sampling module to DSP that stable operating voltage is provided.
The DSP of current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention controls between computing module and industrial computer and carries out communication by serial ports, as shown in Figure 4.Chip U62 realizes serial communication function, thereby the data that DSP controls computing module collection are sent to industrial computer, and sends to DSP to control computing module the instruction of industrial computer.In Fig. 4, interface TX is connected with industrial computer with interface RX, and interface SCITXDC_A and interface SCIRXDC_A are connected to DSP and control computing module, thereby realizes the communication of data.
Incorporated by reference to consulting Fig. 5, it is the main circuit schematic diagram of DSP control computing module.In Fig. 5, adopted dsp chip U58B to realize logic control and calculating, realized the control of power amplifier output module is produced to required stable voltage source on the one hand, the collection and the preliminary data that realize on the other hand various desired datas are processed and are analyzed.In Fig. 5, interface SCIRXDC_A is connected with serial communication module with SCITXDC_A, is connected to interface SCIRXDC_A and SCITXDC_A in Fig. 4, thereby sends to industrial computer to process the data of collection.In Fig. 5, interface xZCS0nA and xZCS0nA are used for being connected to power amplifier output module, control power amplifier output module produce required voltage source to transmit control signal.In Fig. 5, interface AD1_Start, AD2_Start and AD3_Start are connected to AD sample circuit, thereby obtain the circuit data of the current transformer of AD sample circuit collection.In Fig. 5, only show the partial circuit that DSP controls computing module, those skilled in the art can also increase FPGA control chip as required, realize better Digital Control.
In conjunction with prior art, easily understand the power generation circuit of Fig. 3, the serial communication circuit of Fig. 4, the DSP control circuit of Fig. 5, therefore above-mentionedly only its formation and annexation are briefly described.Those skilled in the art can also design foregoing circuit according to functional requirement, and the circuit of power amplifier output module, AD sampling module, do not repeat them here.
Below current transformer comprehensive tester of the present invention is described the Measurement and Computation of various parameters.According to GB 1208-2006 current transformer (eqv IEC 60044-1:2003) and GB 16847-1997 protective current transformer, transient characterisitics technical requirement (idt IEC 60044-6:1992), the test of current transformer comprises following content: the error under calculating, the limit value condition of the determining of the mensuration of turn ratio error, stable state ratio difference and phase differential, Secondary Winding resistance, the mensuration of secondary excitation characteristic, remanence coefficient, secondary circuit time constant and the checking of low magnetism leakage structure.Below the detection of several parameters is wherein described.
Referring to Fig. 6 is current transformer simple equivalent circuit.Interface P1 and P2 are primary circuit side, and interface S1 and S2 are secondary returning trackside.
Measuring current mutual inductor Secondary Winding resistance: power amplifier output module generation direct current signal is sent into interface S1, the S2 of transformer secondary circuit, and the electric current of AD sample circuit sampling current transformer secondary circuit, calculates by following formula (1):
R
ct=U
dc/I
dc (1)
Wherein, Rct is Secondary Winding resistance, and Udc is current transformer voltage, and Idc is current transformer electric current.Although resistance has difference in DC test and actual power frequency operation situation, difference very I to ignore.
The core loss of measuring current mutual inductor: core loss is divided into magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, DSP controls computing module control power amplifier output module generation different frequency but interchange or the square-wave signal of identical magnetic flux are sent into secondary loop of mutual inductor, calculates thus magnetic hysteresis loss and the eddy current loss of current transformer:
In formula (2), P
hthe magnetic hysteresis loss of current transformer core [W] while being sine wave for input voltage; σ
hfor the coefficient relevant with ferromagnetic material (being determined by test); F is frequency [Hz], the i.e. coefficient of remagnetization per second; B
mfor the maximal value [Wb/m of magnetic induction density on magnetic hysteresis loop
2]; V is the volume [m of current transformer iron core
3]; N is by B
mscope determine index, as 0 < B
m< 1.0[Wb/m
2] time, n ≈ 1.6; As 0 < B
m< 0.1[Wb/m
2] or 1 < B
m< 1.6[Wb/m
2] time, n ≈ 2.
In formula (3), P
ethe magnetic hysteresis loss of current transformer core [W] while being sine wave for input voltage; σ
efor the coefficient relevant with ferromagnetic material resistivity, sectional area, volume, shape (being determined by test); F is frequency [Hz]; B
mfor the maximal value [Wb/m of magnetic induction density on magnetic hysteresis loop
2]; V is the volume [m of current transformer iron core
3].
Above-mentioned computing formula is only theoretic formula, if tester only uses this formula, the data of test gained have either large or small measuring error, reason be adopt be the method for testing of frequency conversion, from the formula of magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, under different frequency, loss is different.Therefore the formula of above-mentioned magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss only belongs to experimental formula conventional in engineering, therefore needs magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss to revise, and then also tries to achieve eddy current impedance.
Therefore, data processing module of the present invention, in the time calculating magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy current loss, carries out loss balancing to the data that gather.Described loss balancing is first the magnetic hysteresis loss of calculating or eddy current loss to be deducted to the loss that the frequency of described voltage source produces, and adds the loss that power frequency produces, thereby obtains measurement result comparatively accurately, has improved the accuracy of comprehensive tester.
The excitation of current transformer is calculated:
In order to try to achieve B-H loop, must try to achieve exciting current:
U
L=U
ct-R
ct×I
ct (5)
Current transformer magnetic hysteresis loop: will not try to achieve magnetic flux according to formula (4) in the same time, I
l(t) relation and between ψ (t) is exactly magnetic hysteresis loop.
I
ct=max|I
ct(t)| (9)
Wherein, formula (8) establishing criteria IEC 60044-1, formula (9) establishing criteria IEC 60044-6.
Current transformer excitation curve: in the time of winding of current transformer and other windings open circuit, put on the U on secondary loop of mutual inductor
ctwith I
ctbetween relation, represent with curve map or form, the scope that these numerical value are contained should be enough to determine from low excitation value until the excitation property of specified flex point potential value.
Mutual inductor ratio thermometrically CT current error: pass into sine voltage at transformer secondary circuit, record respectively the data such as required voltage, electric current, phase place in primary circuit and secondary circuit, calculate current ratio error, phase differential, combination misalignment etc.
In sum, the present invention adopts digital control technology, and control chip can adopt DSP and FPGA to realize the control of power amplifier is produced to required stable voltage source on the one hand, realizes on the one hand collection, calculating and the analysis to various desired datas.In addition, industrial computer is realized the computing of data, and liquid crystal display shows, the interfaces such as SD storage card, network interface, USB, button, mouse-keyboard, and carry out exchanges data and communication etc. by serial ports and DSP.
The present invention has realized and has tested at the scene various low magnetism leakage current transformers, can be at electric system scene, current transformer and switch manufacturing plant measure various current transformers, also can measure for the transient current transformer in network system, knee voltage can be up to 15KV, test parameter is complete, precision is high, quick, safety, convenience, for electric power netting safe running provides favourable guarantee.This current transformer comprehensive tester can be measured secondary winding in current transformer resistance, and accuracy reaches 0.1%+1m Ω.This current transformer comprehensive tester can also be measured current transformer excitation curve, and test flex point can reach 30KV.This current transformer comprehensive tester can be measured current transformer ratio, and test no-load voltage ratio can reach 10000: 1, and precision can reach ± and 0.1%.This current transformer comprehensive tester can be measured the phase differential of current transformer primary current and secondary current, and resolution reaches 0.01min, reach ± 3min of accuracy.This current transformer comprehensive tester can also be to the load measure of current transformer, and measurement range is 0-300VA, and measuring resolution is 0.01VA.
The present invention is described according to specific embodiment, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the time not departing from the scope of the invention, can carry out various variations and be equal to replacement.In addition,, for adapting to specific occasion or the material of the technology of the present invention, can carry out many amendments and not depart from its protection domain the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed herein, and comprises all embodiment that drop into claim protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a current transformer comprehensive tester, is characterized in that, comprising: DSP controls computing module, power amplifier output module, AD sampling module and data processing module;
Described DSP controls computing module and is connected with described power amplifier output module, controls power amplifier output module produce required voltage source to current transformer for transmitting control signal according to the test parameter of described data processing module setting;
Described DSP controls computing module and is also connected with described AD sampling module, gathers required current transformer data for controlling AD sampling module;
Described data processing module is controlled computing module with described DSP and is connected, for test parameter being set, reading test result and preservation test data that described DSP control computing module calculates according to the current transformer data that gather;
Described power amplifier output module is connected with the secondary circuit of described current transformer, required control signal is sent to the secondary circuit of described current transformer,
Described AD sampling module is connected with secondary circuit with the primary circuit of described current transformer simultaneously, gathers the primary circuit of current transformer and the data of secondary circuit simultaneously;
Wherein, described DSP controls computing module and adopts power amplifier output module described in converter technique control, the low pressure of the high pressure equivalence in output and power frequency situation; Described in the time of the test magnetic hysteresis loss of described current transformer or eddy current loss, DSP controls that computing module control power amplifier output module produces different frequency but interchange or the square-wave signal of identical magnetic flux are sent into secondary loop of mutual inductor, described data processing module is in the time calculating magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy current loss, the data that gather are carried out to loss balancing, described loss balancing is first the magnetic hysteresis loss of calculating or eddy current loss to be deducted to the loss that the frequency of voltage source produces, add the loss that power frequency produces, thereby obtain measurement result.
2. current transformer comprehensive tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing module and DSP control computing module can carry out automatic analysis for the parameter of the current transformer of unknown parameters.
3. current transformer comprehensive tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data processing module and DSP control computing module and can automatically detect test wiring error, automatically detect whether surveyed device is current transformer, interference is tested in removal according to test environment automatically.
4. according to the current transformer comprehensive tester described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described power amplifier output module is made up of output control module and amplifier, output control module is controlled by FPGA, adopt high-resolution D/A converter, amplifier adopts metering level high precision switching amplifier.
5. according to the current transformer comprehensive tester described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described current transformer comprehensive tester also comprises human-computer interaction module, is connected, for receiving test instruction and showing test results with described data processing module.
6. current transformer comprehensive tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described current transformer comprehensive tester also comprises the network interface module for being connected with PC, receives the Control experiment signal of PC software, and test data is uploaded to upper generation of PC and report.
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