Garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler deashing device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler ash removal method and device, belong to boiler technology field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous propelling of Urbanization in China and improving constantly of living standards of the people, in a lot of areas, house refuse problem highlights the key factor that becomes a restriction urban development and enhancement of environment gradually, and waste incineration can realize well that it is innoxious, minimizing and resource, is just obtaining applying more and more widely in China.After Kyoto Protocol comes into force, biomass energy, due to the advantage of carbon dioxide near-zero release, has become the focus that energy field is paid close attention to.Biomass direct combustion power generation is one of most convenient, efficient mode of biomass energy utilization, has obtained developing rapidly in China.But in the burning process of rubbish and living beings, fouling and slagging ubiquity on the various heating surfaces of combustion apparatus that in fuel, ash-forming material causes, particularly particularly serious in the convection bank of boiler convection pass.Fouling of heating surface can increase heat transfer resistance, and exhaust gas temperature is improved, and causes boiler efficiency to reduce; Fouling of heating surface also can cause flue gas flow area to reduce, and flue gas resistance increases, and air-introduced machine power consumption increases, and when serious, can cause blowing out, affects unit utilization rate, causes very large economic loss.Fouling of heating surface problem in waste incineration and living beings burning process has hindered the development of garbage incineration technology and biomass fuel burning technology.
At present, how garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler convection heating surface are carried out to effective deashing, still be in the continuous stage of fumbling, the way that reduces convection heating surface dust stratification is also few, mainly contain three kinds: the one, after boiler Serious Slagging, artificial scarfing cinder is carried out in blowing out, and the method is less economical, labour intensity is large, scarfing cinder is not thorough; The 2nd, in boiler running process, utilize soot blower to blow ash to heating surface, the method is difficult to remove to the slagging scorification of garbage burning boiler or the generation of biomass boiler heating surface, and equipment investment cost is higher, soot blower structure complexity; The 3rd, in fuel, add the additive such as dolomite or lime stone, can reduce alkali metal complex vitriolate and generate, reach the object that alleviates fouling of heating surface, but the method effect in actual moving process is general.In garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler, the metal hose pipe row that utilization is arranged in convection pass tackles dust stratification, and by making the means of metal hose distortion, the dust stratification that is deposited on metal hose surface is removed, had no report thereby reach ash removal method and the device that in minimizing flue gas, ash-forming material deposits on follow-up heating surface.
Summary of the invention
technical problem:the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler deashing device and method, the metal hose that utilization of the present invention is arranged in boiler convection pass will utilize its distortion after dust stratification interception, dust stratification is come off from metal hose, discharge boiler through ash discharging hole, reduce the deposition of ash-forming material on follow-up heating surface in flue gas.This apparatus structure is simple, cleaning efficiency is high, cost is low, applied widely.
technical scheme:for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler deashing device, this device comprises metal hose, push rod, temperature measuring equipment, differential pressure measuring installation, ash discharging hole; The horizontal flue of boiler furnace outlet is become and hollow by horizontal-flue oven circummure;
Wherein, metal hose is placed in horizontal flue, and first flue gas pass through metal hose after entering horizontal flue, push rod through horizontal flue furnace wall and and connection by metal hose;
Temperature measuring equipment comprises some temperature probes, and its temperature probe is embedded in metal hose and push rod outer surface;
Differential pressure measuring installation comprises two pressure-measuring pipes and differential pressure transmitter, its pressure-measuring pipe is arranged in metal hose outside through horizontal-flue oven wall, and keep at a distance with metal hose outer surface, differential pressure transmitter two ends are connected with two pressure-measuring pipes respectively, and differential pressure transmitter is arranged in outside horizontal flue;
Ash discharging hole is arranged on horizontal flue and is positioned at metal hose below.
Preferably, described metal hose external diameter is between φ 25mm~φ 42mm.
Preferably, push rod is for using exotic material.
The present invention also provides a kind of garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler ash removal method, the method comprises the steps: that flue gas leaves after burner hearth, the metal hose of arranging in horizontal flue of flowing through, by metal hose, the dust stratification in flue gas is tackled, the temperature recording when temperature measuring equipment and differential pressure measuring installation and resistance drop change while exceeding setting threshold, push rod starts to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose deforms, be deposited on the dust stratification on metal hose surface because distortion comes off from surface, discharge through ash discharging hole.
Preferably, in described metal hose, pass into boiler feedwater or air.
Preferably, push rod adopts local water-cooled, packing seal through horizontal flue furnace wall part; Push rod keeps high temperature in the part of horizontal flue inside.
beneficial effect:first the main cause that takes into full account garbage burning boiler and the formation of biomass boiler convection heating surface dust stratification is the inertial impaction of ash particle, be that most shares in convection heating surface dust stratification are all from this feature of contribution of ash particle inertial impaction, and utilize metal hose flexible, distortion is convenient, and there is good fatigue resistance, high pressure resistant, high temperature resistant, the multiple advantage such as corrosion resistance, before first group of convection heating surface of boiler horizontal gas pass, arrange many row's metal hose interception dust stratifications, by being embedded in its surface temperature of thermocouple measurement on metal hose surface, detect metal hose pipe row change in resistance by differential pressure measuring installation, in the time that the measuring point place temperature showing in master-control room Distributed Control System and metal hose pipe row change in resistance exceedes setting threshold, opening motor drives push rod to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose deforms, the dust stratification that is deposited on metal hose surface is come off, ash discharging hole under crashing under Action of Gravity Field, discharge boiler through ash discharging hole, effectively reduce the deposition of dust stratification on the convection heating surface of metal hose downstream, reach the object of deashing, in the time that temperature and change in resistance return to setting threshold, disable motor, push rod stop motion, metal hose continues interception dust stratification.Be deposited in the short time that the dust stratification on metal hose moves reciprocatingly at push rod and come off, the method, in the situation that not affecting the normal operation of boiler, reaches the object of removing dust stratification well.Secondly, in metal hose, pass into boiler feedwater or air, can be using metal hose as boiler economizer or a part for air preheater, both can effectively reduce the tube wall temperature of metal hose, accelerate the deposition of dust stratification on metal hose surface, can reduce again the heat loss that deashing device causes, improve boiler macroeconomic.Push rod is selected exotic material, guarantees that it can regular event under hot conditions, and push rod part through walls adopts local water-cooled, packing seal, guarantees that sealing is reliable, and minimizing is leaked out, to reduce boiler heat loss; Push rod keeps high temperature in the part of flue inside, can effectively prevent that dust stratification is deposited on its surface, guarantees push rod energy proper motion; Push rod adopts cutting ferrule mode to be connected with metal hose, is convenient to installation and removal.Finally, arrange ash discharging hole in metal hose pipe row bottom, the dust stratification coming off from metal hose surface crashes into ash discharging hole, discharges boiler through ash discharging hole, does not affect the normal operation of boiler.To sum up, the present invention provides a kind of method that dust stratification is tackled and removed for garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler, and that this device has is simple in structure, cost is low, cleaning efficiency is high, the feature such as applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is deashing device structural representation before garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler convection bank;
Fig. 2 is deashing device structural representation before garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler superheater;
Fig. 3 is garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler deashing device push rod and furnace wall and connection by metal hose schematic diagram;
In figure, metal hose 1; Push rod 2; Temperature measuring equipment 3; Differential pressure measuring installation 4; Pressure-measuring pipe 41; Differential pressure transmitter 42; Ash discharging hole 5; Burner hearth 6; Horizontal flue 7; Horizontal flue furnace wall 71; Convection bank 8; Superheater 9; Economizer 10; Air preheater 11; Drum 12.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Garbage burning boiler provided by the invention and biomass boiler deashing device as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3,
Garbage burning boiler provided by the invention and biomass boiler deashing device, this device comprises metal hose 1, push rod 2, temperature measuring equipment 3, differential pressure measuring installation 4, ash discharging hole 5; The horizontal flue 7 that boiler furnace 6 exports is surrounded and hollow by horizontal flue furnace wall 71.
Wherein, metal hose 1 is placed in horizontal flue 7, and first flue gas pass through metal hose 1 after entering horizontal flue 7, and push rod 2 is through horizontal flue furnace wall 71 and be connected with metal hose 1.
Temperature measuring equipment 3 comprises some temperature probes, and its temperature probe is embedded in metal hose 1 and push rod (2) outer surface,
Differential pressure measuring installation 4 comprises two pressure-measuring pipes 41 and differential pressure transmitter 42, its pressure-measuring pipe 41 is arranged in metal hose 1 outside through horizontal flue furnace wall 71, and keep at a distance with metal hose 1 outer surface, differential pressure transmitter 42 two ends are connected with two pressure-measuring pipes 41 respectively, and differential pressure transmitter 42 is arranged in outside horizontal flue 7.
Ash discharging hole 5 is arranged on horizontal flue 7 and is positioned at metal hose 1 below.
Described metal hose 1 external diameter is between φ 25mm~φ 42mm.
Push rod 2 is exotic material.
The present invention also provides a kind of garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler ash removal method, the method comprises the steps: that flue gas leaves after burner hearth 6, the metal hose 1 of arranging in horizontal flue 7 of flowing through, by metal hose 1, the dust stratification in flue gas is tackled, the temperature recording when temperature measuring equipment 3 and differential pressure measuring installation 4 and resistance drop change while exceeding setting threshold, push rod 2 starts to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose 1 to deform, be deposited on the dust stratification on metal hose 1 surface because distortion comes off from surface, discharge through ash discharging hole 5.
In described metal hose 1, pass into boiler feedwater or air.
Push rod 2 adopts local water-cooled, packing seal through horizontal flue furnace wall 71 parts; Push rod 2 keeps high temperature in the part of horizontal flue 7 inside.
Operation principle: the tubing of first determining metal hose 1 and push rod 2 according to Boiler Convection Heating Surface flue-gas temperature and composition, determine caliber, length and the tube coupling distance of metal hose 1 according to horizontal flue bulk, determine caliber and the length of push rod 2 according to the caliber of horizontal flue bulk and metal hose 1 and length; Secondly, determine according to the caliber of metal hose 1 and push rod 2 and length the position that temperature probe and pressure-measuring pipe are arranged, the temperature of measurement and resistance drop variable signal are delivered in master-control room Distributed Control System, in metal hose, pass into boiler feedwater or air, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2; Metal hose adopts cutting ferrule mode to be connected with push rod, and push rod passes the local water-cooled of horizontal flue furnace wall part, packing seal, as shown in Figure 3.In Real-Time Monitoring master-control room Distributed Control System, measuring point place temperature and resistance drop change, when the measuring point place temperature showing in master-control room Distributed Control System and metal hose pipe row resistance drop changes while exceeding setting threshold, opening motor drives push rod 2 to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose deforms, the dust stratification that is deposited on metal hose surface is come off from metal hose surface, ash discharging hole under crashing under Action of Gravity Field, discharge boiler through ash discharging hole, reduce the deposition of dust stratification on the convection heating surface of metal hose downstream, reach the object of deashing; When temperature and resistance drop change while returning to setting threshold, disable motor, push rod stop motion, metal hose continues interception dust stratification.
Embodiment
In certain 75t/h of power plant garbage burning boiler furnace outlet horizontal flue, convection bank adopts φ 51mm × 4 steel pipe, and lateral arrangement 42 is arranged, and longitudinally arranges 13 rows, transverse pitch 140mm, longitudinal pitch 150mm, 750 ℃ of flue gas mean temperatures, adopt this device to carry out dust stratification removing; Consider furnace outlet horizontal flue bulk and combustion product gases characteristic, metal hose is selected the high temperature resistant tubing of φ 38mm, adopts stagger arrangement mode to arrange 4 rows, and transverse cutting distance is 65mm, longitudinally intercept is 150mm, and metal hose is arranged in the front 300mm of first group of convection bank place; Push rod is selected the 06Cr25Ni20 stainless steel tube of φ 70mm, and temperature measuring equipment is selected K type thermocouple, is arranged in metal hose pipe row windward side and appropriate location, push rod surface; Two pressure-measuring pipes of differential pressure measuring installation are arranged in metal hose pipe and arrange forward and backward 200mm place, and temperature and resistance drop changing value are delivered in master-control room Distributed Control System; Metal hose adopts cutting ferrule mode to be connected with push rod, and push rod is through the local water-cooled of horizontal flue furnace wall part, packing seal; In metal hose, pass into boiler feedwater.Measuring point place temperature and resistance drop changing value in Real-Time Monitoring master-control room Distributed Control System, when the measuring point place temperature showing in master-control room Distributed Control System and metal hose pipe row resistance drop changes while exceeding setting threshold, opening motor drives push rod to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose deforms, the dust stratification that is deposited on metal hose surface comes off from surface with the distortion of flexible pipe, ash discharging hole under crashing under Action of Gravity Field, discharges boiler through ash discharging hole; When temperature and resistance drop change while returning to setting threshold, disable motor, push rod stop motion, metal hose continues interception dust stratification.Be deposited in the short time that the dust stratification on metal hose moves reciprocatingly at push rod and come off, discharge boiler through ash discharging hole, the method, in the situation that not affecting the normal operation of boiler, reaches the object of removing dust stratification well.
The present invention has following characteristics and outstanding effect: the main cause that first takes into full account garbage burning boiler and the formation of biomass boiler convection heating surface dust stratification is the inertial impaction of ash particle, be that most shares in convection heating surface dust stratification are all from this feature of contribution of ash particle inertial impaction, and utilize metal hose flexible, distortion is convenient, and there is good fatigue resistance, high pressure resistant, high temperature resistant, the multiple advantage such as corrosion resistance, before first group of convection heating surface of boiler, arrange many row's metal hose interception dust stratifications, by being embedded in its surface temperature of thermocouple measurement on metal hose surface, detect metal hose pipe row change in resistance by the differential pressure measuring installation of arranging before and after metal hose pipe row, in the time that the measuring point place temperature showing in master-control room Distributed Control System and metal hose pipe row change in resistance exceedes setting threshold, opening motor drives push rod to move reciprocatingly, drive metal hose deforms, the dust stratification that is deposited on metal hose surface is come off, ash discharging hole under crashing under Action of Gravity Field, discharge boiler through ash discharging hole, effectively reduce the deposition of dust stratification on the convection heating surface of metal hose downstream, reach the object of deashing, in the time that temperature and change in resistance return to setting threshold, disable motor, push rod stop motion, metal hose continues interception dust stratification.Be deposited in the short time that the dust stratification on metal hose moves reciprocatingly at push rod and come off, the method, in the situation that not affecting the normal operation of boiler, reaches the object of removing dust stratification well.Secondly, in metal hose, pass into boiler feedwater or air, can be using metal hose as boiler economizer or a part for air preheater, both can effectively reduce the tube wall temperature of metal hose, accelerate the deposition of dust stratification on metal hose surface, can reduce again the heat loss that deashing device causes, improve boiler macroeconomic.Push rod is selected exotic material, guarantees that it can regular event under hot conditions, and push rod part through walls adopts local water-cooled, packing seal, guarantees that sealing is reliable, and minimizing is leaked out, to reduce boiler heat loss; Push rod keeps high temperature in the part of flue inside, can effectively prevent that dust stratification is deposited on its surface, guarantees push rod energy proper motion; Push rod adopts cutting ferrule mode to be connected with metal hose, is convenient to installation and removal.Finally, arrange ash discharging hole in metal hose pipe row bottom, the dust stratification coming off from metal hose surface crashes into ash discharging hole, discharges boiler through ash discharging hole, does not affect the normal operation of boiler.To sum up, the present invention provides a kind of method that dust stratification is tackled and removed for garbage burning boiler and biomass boiler, and that this device has is simple in structure, cost is low, cleaning efficiency is high, the feature such as applied widely.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiments of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not limited with above-mentioned embodiment; in every case the equivalence that those of ordinary skills do according to disclosed content is modified or is changed, and all should include in the protection domain of recording in claims.