CN102628147B - High-sulfur alloy steel roll and production method - Google Patents
High-sulfur alloy steel roll and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102628147B CN102628147B CN201210111343.6A CN201210111343A CN102628147B CN 102628147 B CN102628147 B CN 102628147B CN 201210111343 A CN201210111343 A CN 201210111343A CN 102628147 B CN102628147 B CN 102628147B
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract 2
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011822 basic refractory Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001504664 Crossocheilus latius Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000946 Y alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Mo] Chemical compound [Fe].[Mo] HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinuclear copper ion Chemical compound [Cu].[Cu] ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-sulfur alloy steel roll and a production method. The high-sulfur alloy steel roll comprises the following chemical components by weight percent: 0.4%-1.0% of C, 0.5%-1% of Si, 0.5%-1% of Mn, 1.5%-10% of S, less than 0.05% of P, 4%-6% of Cr, 0.05%-1.5% of V, 0.1%-0.4% of Mo, less than 2% of W, 0.05%-0.1% of Ti, 0.005%-0.1% of Ba, less than 0.05% of Re, and the balance of Fe. The acknowledged rule that sulfur cannot exceed 0.03% is broken by the high-sulfur alloy steel roll; harmful elements are converted into beneficial elements; the produced high-sulfur alloy steel roll has the advantages of high-temperature resistance, self-lubricating property, abrasion resistance, and the like; no lubrication or less lubrication is required by the roll during application process, so that the working strength of workers is relieved; the rare metal Co is not contained, so that the production cost is lowered; an intermediate frequency furnace is used for melting; a horizontal centrifuge is used for pouring; a common high-temperature resistance furnace is used for performing thermal treatment; the equipment investment is less; the processing technology is free from annealing process; the production technology is simple and reasonable; and the production efficiency is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel rolling technology, relate in particular to a kind of high-sulfur alloy steel roll and production method.
Background technology
Roll is the strength member on Steel Mill's rolling mill, the pressure producing while utilizing a pair of or one group of roll rolling rolls stone roller steel, Dynamic And Static Loads when it mainly bears rolling, the impact of wearing and tearing and temperature variation, therefore the requirement of steel rolling is had to high strength, high-tenacity, high thermal fatigue resistance and anti-stick rigidity, and at present the research of steel rolling has also been obtained to sizable breakthrough both at home and abroad, Chinese patent literature CN1424423A and CN1264749A disclose a kind of manufacture method of cobalt and aluminium containing high speed steel roll collar, but cobalt is rare metal, content is too large, cause cost to increase, simultaneously, this method quenching temperature reaches 1060 ℃, high-temperature heat treatment causes quality to be difficult to control, a kind of high speed steel compound rolling ring that Chinese patent literature CN1454723A proposes adopts common rotary casting in manufacture method, in casting mold, adopt common coating, after casting completes, in scale removal process, the demoulding is more difficult, Chinese patent literature CN1164379C has proposed a kind of manufacture method of high-speed steel roll cover, the main mode that adopts electroslag heavily to iron is produced, facility investment is large, effect is lower, and above-mentioned several production method all needs the blank after casting to anneal in reality processing, technique is more loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect existing in background technology, the invention provides a kind of high strength, high temperature resistant, self-lubricating, wear-resistant, anti stick and in complete processing, can save high-sulfur alloy steel roll and the production method of annealing process.
High-sulfur alloy steel roll of the present invention, the chemical composition of described high-sulfur alloy steel roll is prepared by following weight percent:
C：0.4%—1.0% Si：0.5%—1% Mn：0.5%—1% S：1.5%—10%
P: <0.05% Cr：1%—4% V：0.05%—1 .5% Mo：0.1%—0.4 %
W: <2% Ti：0.05%—0.1% Ba：0.1%—0.4% Re：<0.05%
All the other content are iron.
High-sulfur alloy steel roll of the present invention, the chemical composition of described high-sulfur alloy steel roll is prepared by following weight percent:
C：0.6% Si：1% Mn：0.9% S：1.8% Cr：1.6% V：0.1%
All the other content of Mo:0.4 % W:0.3% Ti:0.1% Ba:0.2% are iron.
The production method of high-sulfur alloy steel roll of the present invention, the production technique of described high-sulfur alloy steel roll completes according to following steps:
1. smelt: adopt medium-frequency induction furnace melting, described steel scrap except S element, alloying constituent is with general method fusing molten steel, power transmission fusing, the molten clear rear inspection by sampling major ingredient of molten steel, sample after qualified and add sulphur iron to adjust, when steel temperature is 1520-1560 ° of C, then use reductor to carry out deoxidation to molten steel;
2. process stokehold: adopting sulphur iron is alterant, adds the rare alloy of yttrium basic weight and industrial sodium carbonate in ladle, and the way that adopts molten steel to pour is carried out the rotten processing of molten steel, and molten steel tapping temperature is 1600 ℃-1650 ℃;
3. casting: collars adopts horizontal centrifuge cast, and employing coated sand is paintcast, and being coated with thickness is 2mm, and being coated with weight is 1.2kg, and while being coated with, centrifuge speed is 100 turn/Min of turn/Min-200;
4. roughing: reserved process redundancy is 2 mm-3mm;
5. quench: adopts 900 ℃ of-920 ℃ of quench hots, the cool time should be controlled at 10 ° of C per hour per hour to 15 ° of C between soaking time definite according to centrifugal layer thickness, quenching time control liquefaction temperature is cooling in the oily medium of 65 ℃-75 ℃;
6. tempering: tempering temperature control is between 100 ℃-240 ℃; Heat-up rate 20-25 ° C/h, soaking time is determined according to the concrete size of collars.
7. precision work: first adopt lathe to carry out pre-precision work, then adopt grinding machine to process finished product.
Further, the furnace lining of described steel melting furnace is basic lining.
Further, the furnace lining of described steel melting furnace is neutral lining.
Further, described reductor adopts the Al that content is 0.5%-1.5%.
Further, when pre-precision work completes, reserved surplus is 0.05mm-0.1mm.
Due to the application of technique scheme, when advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has:
1, the present invention is take sulphur iron as alterant, and that the high-sulfur alloy steel roll of producing has is high temperature resistant, self-lubricating, the advantage such as wear-resistant, and in application, roll does not need lubricated or a little is lubricated, thereby alleviates staff's working strength;
2, the present invention, not containing rare metal Co, has reduced production cost;
3, the present invention adopts intermediate frequency furnace to smelt, horizontal centrifuge cast, and common high temperature resistance furnace thermal treatment, facility investment is few, and saves annealing process in complete processing, and production technique advantages of simple, enhances productivity greatly.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation now.
Embodiment mono-:
Take the collars of φ 270/255mm × 95mm as example, the batching that the present embodiment is manufactured high-sulfur alloy steel roll is as follows:
C：0.6% Si：1% Mn：0.9% S：1.8% Cr：1.6% V：0.1%
The Mo:0.4 % W:0.3% Ti:0.1% Ba:0.2% pig iron: 93%
In the present embodiment, the manufacturing step of high-sulfur alloy steel roll is as follows:
1, smelt: adopt the melting of Medium frequency induction steel melting furnace, the furnace lining of steel melting furnace is basic lining, take waste and old iron ore as raw material, waste and old iron ore comprises scrap iron, steel scrap etc., first by iron ore 232.5Kg, medium carbon ferrochrome 40Kg, molybdenum-iron 1Kg, ferrotungsten 7.5Kg, ferromanganese 2.25Kg joins in steel melting furnace, power transmission fusing, the molten clear rear inspection by sampling major ingredient of molten steel, sampling after qualified adds 4.5Kg sulphur iron to adjust, the way that adopts molten steel to pour is carried out the rotten processing of molten steel, after the rear sampling of fusing is qualified, come out of the stove at 1620 ℃, then using content is that 0.5%-1.5% Al carries out deoxidation to molten steel, in ladle, add 0.3%-0.5% magnesium-rare earth to come out of the stove, magnesium-rare earth must be baked to 200 ℃-250 ℃, surface coverage nucleating agent and 2%-4% industrial sodium carbonate (1.5 times that total amount is magnesium-rare earth), and be placed on molten steel and impact in a side, before coming out of the stove, scarfing cinder leaves standstill and pours into a mould for 2 minutes, 1500 ℃ of pouring molten steel temperature,
2, casting: collars adopts horizontal centrifuge cast, employing coated sand is paintcast, once be coated with, being coated with thickness is 2mm, while being coated with, centrifuge speed is 100 turn/Min of turn/Min-200, 150 ℃-200 ℃ of metal mold temperature, 1500 ℃ of left and right of pouring molten steel temperature, pouring molten steel speed 16s-20s, turn/the Min of turn/Min-900 of rotating speed 800 of whizzer when cast, after cast, conversion centrifuge speed prevents deviation, after cast, add glass dregs protection, be placed on water in foundry pit cooling, and covering insulation cover unpacks to room temperature, be incubated and after furnace cooling, heat-treat after 2 hours,
3, slightly enter work: the collars stock after casting is slightly entered to work, adopt YC12 Wimet mechanical clamped cutting tool to carry out excision forming, the monolateral flow of collars is 2mm-3mm;
4, thermal treatment:
Quench: adopt 1300 ℃ of high temperature resistance furnaces to carry out quenching heat treatment, temperature is adjusted to 900 ℃-920 ℃ and quenches, when quenching, collars lies in stove, can be side by side and overlapping placement, centre is propped with support, and collars placed side by side leaves gap, and guarantees that the support of support collars is indeformable, cool time should be controlled between 10 hours to 15 hours, cooling in the oily medium of 65 ℃-75 ℃ after completing;
Tempering: tempering temperature control is between 100 ℃-240 ℃;
5, precision work: first adopt lathe to carry out pre-precision work, adopt the Wimet mechanical clamped cutting tools such as YG6X, YG6A, YD15 to carry out finish turning, workhardness can reach 60HSD left and right, and pre-allowance for finish is 0.05mm-0.1mm;
Then adopt grinding machine to process finished product, collars inner circle adopts M2120 grinding machine to process, and plane adopts mill 7130 type horizontal axis flat stone mills to refine, and cylindrical adopts German import Hu collars special purpose grinder to process after pre-precision work.
From collars, sampling analysis changes into composition following (weight percent):
C：0.6% Si：1% Mn：0.9% S：1.8% Cr：1.6% V：0.1%
The Mo:0.4 % W:0.3% Ti:0.1% Ba:0.2% pig iron: 93%
On collars, sampling analysis mechanical energy results of property is as follows:
Roll surface hardness average out to HSD60; Tensile strength is 580Mpa.
Embodiment bis-:
Take the collars of φ 270/255mm × 95mm as example, the batching that the present embodiment is manufactured high-sulfur alloy steel roll is as follows:
C：0.4% Si：0.8% Mn：1% S: 3% P: 0.01% Cr：4% V：0.8%
All the other are Fe for Mo:0.4% W:0.5% Ti:0.08% Ba:0.4% Re:0.005%
Comprehensively above-mentioned, the roll diameter that adopts the present invention to process is less than or equal to the roll of 600mm, and surface hardness uniformity coefficient is not more than 3HSD; Roll diameter is greater than the roll of 600mm, and surface hardness uniformity coefficient requires to be not more than 5HSD, and roll neck tensile strength is greater than 550Mpa, it should be pointed out that in the present embodiment that, in order to maintain the characteristic of chemical element in steel melting furnace, the furnace lining of steel melting furnace can also adopt neutral lining.
In the present invention, so-called basic lining is to be made up of basic refractory, and basic refractory, take magnesium oxide, calcium oxide as main component, has good resistivity to basic slag and scum, and refractoriness is higher than clay brick and silica brick.
In the present invention, so-called neutral lining is to be made up of amphoteric refractory, amphoteric refractory is take aluminum oxide, chromic oxide or carbon as main component, its thermal expansivity is very low, thermal conductivity is high, thermal shock resistance performance is good, and hot strength is high, the erosion of antiacid alkali and salt, be not subject to the wetting of metal and slag, light weight.
So-called horizontal centrifuge in the present invention is to utilize the rotary drum generation centrifugal force of high speed rotating that the catching, solid particles in suspension is automatically drawn off in rotary drum and under the effect of power outside machine; Simultaneously under the effect of centrifugal force, liquid in suspension is thrown out of by filtration medium, rotary drum aperture, thereby reach the object of liquid-solid separating and filtering, this machine designing technique advanced person, stable performance, simple in structure, easy to maintenance, floor space is little, can Automatic continuous work, treatment capacity is large, raw material availability is high advantage.
Impurity and the plasticity impact of alloy on steel in high-sulfur alloy steel in the present invention:
Titanium: titanium and sulphur form TiS, and its fusing point, higher than TeS, can alleviate the red brittleness of Sulphur Steel.
Boron: boron is strengthening and the element that purifies crystal boundary, therefore can improve the plasticity of steel or alloy, but the boron of volume easily forms FeB, intercrystalline precipitation, the plasticity of reduction steel.
Manganese: it is 1620 ℃ that manganese can preferentially form MnS(fusing point in steel), thus the heat energy of steel reduced, in the time that manganese content is greater than 0.8%, as alloying element, promote grain growth, steel is easily produced overheated.
Chromium: be ferrite profile element, the high chromium steel Grain growth trend of ferrite type is large, and it is overheated easily to produce, in the time that carbon content is few, all chromium steel (until 30%) is all relatively good.
Tungsten: be typical carbide forming element, the carbide mainly forming by it works, tungsten is determined with quantity, size and the distribution of its formation carbide the plasticity impact of steel.
Vanadium: can crystal grain thinning, at high temperature stop grain growth, be a kind of element of the high-temp plastic that significantly improves steel, but in the time that the content of vanadium exceedes its solubleness in r-Fe, will cause grain coarsening, Plasticity Decreasing.
Molybdenum: the carbide of molybdenum is at high temperature difficult to dissolve, and can hinder grain growth, alleviates overheated tendency, forms MoS if molybdenum is combined with sulphur, and lower (1100 ℃-1200 ℃) of fusing point of MoS and its eutectic distribute and are netted along crystal boundary.
Copper: copper is in steel or alloy, if while being insoluble to Solid solution, just become free copper, free copper is grain boundary diffusion at high temperature.
The present invention is take sulphur iron as alterant, and that the high-sulfur alloy steel roll of producing has is high temperature resistant, self-lubricating, the advantage such as wear-resistant, and in application, roll does not need lubricated or a little is lubricated, thereby alleviate working strength,, containing rare metal Co, do not reduce production cost, adopted intermediate frequency furnace to smelt, horizontal centrifuge cast, common high temperature resistance furnace thermal treatment, facility investment is few, and saves annealing process in complete processing, production technique advantages of simple, has improved production efficiency greatly.
Take above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention as enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff can, not departing from the scope of this invention technological thought, carry out various change and modification completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on specification sheets, must determine its technical scope according to claim scope.
Claims (5)
1. a production method for high-sulfur alloy steel roll, is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described high-sulfur alloy steel roll is prepared by following weight percent:
C：0.4%—1.0% Si ：0.5%—1% Mn：0.5%—1% S：1.5%—10%
P：<0.05% Cr：1%—4% V：0.05%—1.5% Mo：0.1%—0.4%
W：<2% Ti：0.05%—0.1% Ba：0.1%—0.4% Re：<0.05%
All the other content are Fe, and the production technique of described high-sulfur alloy steel roll completes according to following steps:
1. smelt: adopt intermediate frequency furnace, first iron ore joined in steel melting furnace, power transmission fusing, molten steel molten clear after inspection by sampling element major ingredient, sample after qualified and add sulphur iron to adjust, then use reductor to carry out deoxidation to molten steel;
2. process stokehold: adopting sulphur iron is alterant, adds yttrium-base heavy rare earth alloy and industrial sodium carbonate in ladle, and the way that adopts molten steel to pour is carried out the rotten processing of molten steel, and molten steel tapping temperature is 1600 ℃-1650 ℃;
3. casting: collars adopts horizontal centrifuge cast, and employing coated sand is paintcast, and being coated with thickness is 2mm, and while being coated with, centrifuge speed is 200 turn/Min of turn/Min-300;
4. roughing: reserved process redundancy is 2mm-3mm;
5. quenching: adopt 900 ℃ of-920 ℃ of quench hots, the cool time should be controlled between 10 hours to 15 hours, is cooling in the oily medium of 65 ℃-75 ℃ in temperature after quenching;
6. tempering: tempering temperature control is between 100 ℃-240 ℃, 10 ℃ of-15 ℃/h of heat-up rate, soaking time is determined the time again according to the concrete size of collars;
7. precision work: first adopt lathe to carry out pre-precision work, then adopt grinding machine to process finished product.
2. the production method of high-sulfur alloy steel roll as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the furnace lining of described steel melting furnace is basic lining.
3. the production method of high-sulfur alloy steel roll as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the furnace lining of described steel melting furnace is neutral lining.
4. the production method of high-sulfur alloy steel roll as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described reductor is that content is 0.5%-1.5% Al.
5. the production method of high-sulfur alloy steel roll as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when described pre-precision work completes, reserved surplus is 0.05mm-0.1mm.
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| CN107828937B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-06-14 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | The control method of sulphur in a kind of high-sulfur steel smelting process |
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| CN1332264A (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2002-01-23 | 李喜林 | Antiwear cast alloy material with high sulfur content and several compoiste self-lubricating phases |
| CN1360082A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-24 | 高福池 | Self-lubricating antiwear composite material |
| CN1693527A (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2005-11-09 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Cobalt-free multi-component high-speed tool steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN101591753A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | 侯贵慧 | Sulfuration heat-resistant antifriction rare earth alloy steel and its production and application |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1360082A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-07-24 | 高福池 | Self-lubricating antiwear composite material |
| CN1332264A (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2002-01-23 | 李喜林 | Antiwear cast alloy material with high sulfur content and several compoiste self-lubricating phases |
| CN1693527A (en) * | 2005-05-10 | 2005-11-09 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Cobalt-free multi-component high-speed tool steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN101591753A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | 侯贵慧 | Sulfuration heat-resistant antifriction rare earth alloy steel and its production and application |
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