CN102613028A

CN102613028A - One-wall energy-saving sunlight greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN102613028A
Application number: CN2012101068271A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄文永
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-04-09
Filing date: 2012-04-09
Publication date: 2012-08-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-wall energy-saving sunlight greenhouse which is characterized in that both gable walls are light-transmission gable walls which are internal and external light-transmission layers composed of light-transmission films and support grids; the grids between the internal light-transmission layers and external light-transmission layers are connected and fixed with a framework by lacing bars; a reservoir is arranged at the bottom of a rear wall; a thermal storage tube nest communicated with the reservoir to form a circulation loop is arranged below a rear slope above the rear wall; and a reflective film is placed between the rear slope and the thermal storage tube nest. In the greenhouse, the light-transmission gable walls replace the original cob walls or brick walls; shading of the gable walls is avoided; the land utilization rate is increased; photosynthesis of plants is improved, so that output of planted crops can be significantly increased; compared with the existing greenhouse, the temperature is increased by 3-5 DEG C, and the benefit is increased by more than 10%; with the adoption of an arc greenhouse body, the highest point moves forward, and the best lighting angle is increased by 5-10 DEG; with the adoption of 1 million mu greenhouse, the greenhouse land area available is increased by 95.95 thousand mu, and the greenhouse utilization rate of the original 1 mu of land is as high as 109.59%; and the greenhouse is good in heat preservation, is windproof and rain-proof, and is high in stability.

Description

One face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used for the facility of agricultural planting, particularly the two sides gable all is designed to a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse of printing opacity gable.

Background technology

A modern couplet greenhouse is because consumes energy is many, maintenance cost is high, and general factory is difficult to profit, disagrees with energy-saving and emission-reduction, and the vegetable and fruit of at present producing winter all is to be produced by the greenhouse by solar heat of Dan Dong.Existing single Donges light greenhouse is made up of one side Hou Qiang two sides gable and printing opacity front roof; Existing greenhouse by solar heat normally is made up of one side Hou Qiang two sides gable and printing opacity canopy face; Gable is to be built by laying bricks or stones by cob wall or brick wall; The maximum drawback of this greenhouse structure is exactly shading, like 8 meters wide greenhouse by solar heats 45 ° the triangle area that shelters from heat or light, promptly 8 meters * 8 meters ÷ 2=32 square metre is arranged all in the 2:30 in the morning 9:30 and afternoon.The both sides, greenhouse are sheltered from heat or light 32 square metres of areas * 2=64 square metre.Because the shading of gable material at first is to influence photosynthesis of plant, unglazed low according to position ground temperature, therefore be positioned at yielding poorly of both sides, greenhouse, of poor benefits; Greenhouse space is little simultaneously, and the lighting angle design is unreasonable, and the rise-span ratio in greenhouse is little, and intensity of illumination not enough; Owing to adopt wall short adverse grade in high back therefore generally about 1.5---2.0 rice, to be difficult to the tall and big plant of plantation in front-seat space; Wall short adverse grade in the high back of employing adds the height of straw screen or mat and thermal insulation quilt simultaneously, and therefore very big (part of the sheltering from heat or light) land utilization rate of the spacing in greenhouse is low before and after construction greenhouse group time.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse that a kind of daylighting and high insulating effect is provided, the plantation crop yield is significantly improved.

The present invention all is designed to the printing opacity gable with original two sides shading gable; Its technical scheme is: the energy-conservation sight of face wall greenhouse; Comprise the camber shelf daylighting face that gable, Hou Qiang, adverse grade and skeleton and light-transmissive film constitute; It is characterized in that: the two sides gable is the printing opacity gable, and the printing opacity gable is light-transmissive film and the support photic zone that grid constituted; Described photic zone is provided with outer photic zone and iuuminting layer twice, and the light-transmissive film in the outer photic zone is in the outside, and outer grid is interior; Interior grid in the iuuminting layer outside, light-transmissive film is in the innermost layer; Grid between the inside and outside photic zone is connected fixing with skeleton through lacing wire; In wall bottom, back cistern is set, is communicated with the accumulation of heat tubulation that constitutes closed circuit with cistern and places below the adverse grade above the back wall, place reflective membrane between adverse grade and the accumulation of heat tubulation.

The middle part of described camber shelf daylighting face inner face is provided with carriage; Carriage is connected with the interior skeleton of camber shelf daylighting face light-transmissive film; Along canopy film-coiling device is housed laterally in the cage, the fixedly film overlap joint of canopy bottom is in scrolling film outside, and fixedly the warming plate of film bottom setting is imbedded underground together with fixing film.

Leave 0.6～1.0 meter spacing between the iuuminting layer of said printing opacity gable and the outer photic zone.

The angle on described adverse grade and ground 5～10 ° of sun altitudes during greater than local Winter Solstice, the greenhouse rise-span ratio is designed to 0.5～0.65.

The buried degree of depth of described warming plate is 50～80cm.

The present invention's characteristics compared with prior art are: this greenhouse designs this translucent or transparent gable to be made up of clear covering and insulation material, has replaced original cob wall or brick wall, has solved the gable problem of sheltering from heat or light, and has improved land utilization rate again; Increase or improve the setting of former greenhouse, improved photosynthesis of plants, can significantly increase the output of kind of plant, the face wall efficient-economical solar-greenhouse is than 3-5 ℃ of existing greenhouse by solar heat temperature raising, and benefit increases more than 10%; This greenhouse canopy body adopts arc design peak reach 3-4 rice, adds gable saving soil, two sides, builds 8 meters wide greenhouses of 667 square metres and can practice thrift soil 84X5=420/667=0.63 mu; Adopt the reach of arc canopy body peak, best relatively daylighting angle is improved 5-10 °; 1 meter of (back) row highly reached 3 meters before greenhouse space increased, and intermediate altitude can reach about 4 meters, can plant tall and big plant and vertical cultivation.This greenhouse has good heat insulation function, can resist various atrocious weathers and change, and not only windproof but also rainproof, stability is high; Adopt economic and social benefit of the present invention: the common greenhouse with a wide net area 0.07 hectare of 8m (667 ÷ 8=84 rice are long) is an example, and the area that shelters from heat or light of fan-shaped gable reaches 64m ²The area that shelters from heat or light accounts for net area 10.42%; 10.42 in canopy of the nature area that shelters from heat or light just reaches 1 mu, should technology as adopting, and 1,000,000 mu of greenhouses just are equivalent to increase by 9.595 ten thousand mu greenhouse capable of using land area; Originally the greenhouse availability on 1 mu of ground just can be up to 109.59%, rise in value so hundred million yuan of 4 * 9.595=38.38 of an existing mu benefit about 40,000.It will be higher so extending to national benefit.

With the contrast of consuming energy of the present invention and present technology; For example: statistics joins the coal consumption (calculating by the heating period in various places) of heating winter of greenhouse in " greenhouse engineering planning, design and build " book of Zhang Tianzhu chief editor, and Beijing Chinese holly garden spot consumes 123 kilograms of the every square meters of coal; 187 kilograms of the every square meters of Harbin Vegetable Research Institute consumption coal; 133 kilograms of the every square meters of vegetable or flower research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences consumption coal; 113 kilograms of the every square meters of Sun Qiao farm, Shanghai consumption coal. join heat winter 139 kilograms of average every square meters of coal consumption of greenhouse.One face wall efficient-economical solar-greenhouse need not be heated winter, can practice thrift coal 667X139=92713 kilogram for every mu.1.2 yuan every kilogram of coal market prices, a heating period can be reduced expenses 111255.6 yuan.One face wall efficient-economical solar-greenhouse than common greenhouse by solar heat more efficient energy-saving be economical greenhouse by solar heat, strong facilities vegetable cultivation, herding healthy aquaculture; Be the novel greenhouse that ensures vegetable basket, have popularizing value preferably.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 along adverse grade A-A to the tangent plane sketch map.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1; The present invention constitutes whole greenhouse by the camber shelf daylighting face that gable, Hou Qiang, adverse grade and skeleton and light-transmissive film constitute; Back wall 8 is cob wall or builds the brickmaking wall; Skeleton 3 is located at the inside of camber shelf daylighting face, plastic covering light-transmissive film 4 on the skeleton 3, covering insulation material on the skeleton canopy face (like thermal insulation quilt, warming plate, straw screen or mat etc.); The gable of both sides, greenhouse is the printing opacity gable, cancels the length that non-printing opacity gable back skeleton 3 extends to former gable, and skeleton 3 every intervals are provided with column for 0.5～1 meter and are connected with skeleton 3, laterally establish the lacing wire of 2-3 road and link to each other with column; Two sides printing opacity gable is light-transmissive film 4 and the photic zone that grid constituted that supports light-transmissive film; Photic zone is provided with outer photic zone and iuuminting layer twice, makes the inside and outside photic zone of gable all become the light penetrating object of hollow, and the light-transmissive film 4 in the outer photic zone is in the outside, and outer grid 11 is interior; Interior grid 12 in the iuuminting layer outside, light-transmissive film 4 is in the innermost layer; Grid between the inside and outside photic zone (11,12) is connected fixing with skeleton through horizontal lacing wire; Leave 0.6～1.0 meter spacing between iuuminting layer and the outer photic zone, play the transparent heat insulating effect to form airless space.In order to reach best daylighting effect, the angle on adverse grade and ground 5～10 ° of sun altitude during greater than local Winter Solstice, the angle on adverse grade and ground is typically designed to 35～40 ° in the Lingyuan.

In order to store unnecessary heat balance day and night temperature on daytime; The design thermal storage tank circulatory system is provided with a cistern 9 in wall 8 bottoms, back, and water pump 10 is housed in the pond 9; The water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe and the accumulation of heat tubulation 15 that are connected with water pump 10 connect and compose closed circuit; See Fig. 2, below the adverse grade 7 of wall 8 tops, place reflective membrane 14 between adverse grade 7 and the accumulation of heat tubulation 15 after accumulation of heat tubulation 15 places to strengthen the illumination at rear portion, greenhouse; Reverberation irradiation through reflector layer reaches the heat storing and heat preserving purpose, the agricultural Reflecting curtain that reflective membrane 14 adopts aluminium-foil paper to process.

In order to reduce anterior canopy face heat radiation, forwardly the inboard of camber shelf daylighting face installs thermal screen additional, and roll daytime, and put down night, can increase 1-2 ℃ of canopy temperature.Its project organization is: the Lower Half at camber shelf daylighting face inner face is provided with carriage 5; Carriage 5 is connected with camber shelf daylighting face light-transmissive film 4 inboard skeletons 3, along the shelf daylighting face film-coiling device 6 is housed laterally in carriage 5 frames, through film-coiling device folding and unfolding plastics light-transmissive film 4; Roll up the abundant daylighting of film daytime; Put down plastic foil evening, with the space of canopy face integral light-transmitting film formation one prevention circulation of air, to keep temperature of shed.Be positioned at the shelf daylighting basifacial and be provided with fixedly film 1; Fixedly film 1 overlap joint is in scrolling film 2 outsides; Fixedly film 1 bottom is provided with polystyrene board heat-insulatation plate 13 and imbeds undergroundly together with fixing film 1, and warming plate 13 buried degree of depth are 60～80cm, can stop the heat conduction on stratum like this; Minimizing is outwards dispelled the heat through the stratum, to increase the gentle temperature of shed in ground.In order to increase the intensity of illumination in greenhouse, design has strengthened rise-span ratio, and the greenhouse height is designed to 4.2～4.5 meters, wide 7.5～8 meters (generation greenhouse high 2.8 meters wide 6.5, two generation high 3.0～3.3 meters wide 7.5～8 meters in greenhouse).

Claims

1. a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse comprises the camber shelf daylighting face that gable, Hou Qiang, adverse grade and skeleton and light-transmissive film constitute, and it is characterized in that: the two sides gable is the printing opacity gable, and the printing opacity gable is light-transmissive film and the support photic zone that grid constituted; Described photic zone is provided with outer photic zone and iuuminting layer twice, and the light-transmissive film in the outer photic zone is in the outside, and outer grid is interior; Interior grid in the iuuminting layer outside, light-transmissive film is in the innermost layer; Grid between the inside and outside photic zone is connected fixing with skeleton through lacing wire; In wall bottom, back cistern is set, is communicated with the accumulation of heat tubulation that constitutes closed circuit with cistern and places below the adverse grade above the back wall, place reflective membrane between adverse grade and the accumulation of heat tubulation.

2. a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the middle part of described camber shelf daylighting face inner face is provided with carriage; Carriage is connected with the interior skeleton of camber shelf daylighting face light-transmissive film; Along canopy film-coiling device is housed laterally in the cage, the fixedly film overlap joint of canopy bottom is in scrolling film outside, and fixedly the warming plate of film bottom setting is imbedded underground together with fixing film.

3. a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: leave 0.6～1.0 meter spacing between the iuuminting layer of said printing opacity gable and the outer photic zone.

4. a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle on described adverse grade and ground 5～10 ° of sun altitudes during greater than local Winter Solstice, the greenhouse rise-span ratio is designed to 0.5～0.65.

5. a face wall energy saving sunlight greenhouse according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the buried degree of depth of described warming plate is 50～80cm.