CN102611216A - Mixed type excitation permanent magnet, rotor for rotating electric machine using same and generator - Google Patents

Mixed type excitation permanent magnet, rotor for rotating electric machine using same and generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102611216A
CN102611216A CN2011100261900A CN201110026190A CN102611216A CN 102611216 A CN102611216 A CN 102611216A CN 2011100261900 A CN2011100261900 A CN 2011100261900A CN 201110026190 A CN201110026190 A CN 201110026190A CN 102611216 A CN102611216 A CN 102611216A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnet
generator
excitation
excitation permanent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2011100261900A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宫本恭祐
森下大辅
林喜峰
丁开鸿
彭众杰
吕思晶
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yantai Shougang Magnetic Materials Inc
Yaskawa Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Yantai Shougang Magnetic Materials Inc
Yaskawa Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yantai Shougang Magnetic Materials Inc, Yaskawa Electric Corp filed Critical Yantai Shougang Magnetic Materials Inc
Priority to CN2011100261900A priority Critical patent/CN102611216A/en
Priority to JP2012553558A priority patent/JPWO2012098737A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2011/072369 priority patent/WO2012098737A1/en
Publication of CN102611216A publication Critical patent/CN102611216A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/278Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • H02K1/2781Magnets shaped to vary the mechanical air gap between the magnets and the stator

Abstract

The invention discloses an excitation permanent magnet which is used on a rotor of a rotating electric machine, wherein more than two kinds of permanent magnets with different characteristics are combined, the excitation permanent magnet is divided into more than three parts along the width direction, a high coercive force permanent magnet A is used within a range which takes the central axis (i.e. d axis) of the excitation permanent magnet as a center, as for the part which is deviated outward from the d axis, a permanent magnet B group which has low coercive force and high residual flux density compared with the permanent magnet A is used. The mixed magnet of two magnets which have different using characteristics is taken as the excitation permanent magnet, the input amount of the high-priced and coercive force magnets is reduced, so the cost is reduced, and resources are protected.

Description

Hybrid excitation permanent magnet and use its rotor for dynamo-electric machine and generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to excitation permanent magnet that uses in a kind of electric rotating machine etc. and rotor for dynamo-electric machine or the generator that uses this excitation permanent magnet.
Background technology
In order to produce higher magnetic flux, magneto-electric generator uses high price and high performance rare earth element permanent magnet at present.
At non-patent literature is among the plain telegram Times 2010-No.3 of Japan " exploitation of used for wind power generation PMG ", has published the paper of following content, promptly resolves and inquires into when generator produces short circuit current armature reaction to the influence of permanent magnet through carrying out magnetic field.
This paper has carried out following elaboration; Maximum armature reaction is to lose Frequency Converter Control and flowing when short circuit current is arranged; At this moment, because flow-the Id electric current in the position of q axle (magnet countershaft), so; As its countermeasure, needing to be the thickness of the magnet thickness of the part at the center armature reaction when being designed to stand this short circuit current with the q axle.
As an example of concrete generator, enumerated the magneto-electric generator of opening record in the 2004-23944 communique (patent documentation 1) the spy of Japan.The permanent magnet of the generator of record is the shape of central portion than thicker in this patent documentation 1, has adopted the structure of being set forth in the above-mentioned paper just.
Yet the permanent magnet of record is owing to only being made up of a kind of high Hcj magnet, so it uses the structure of the high price permanent magnet of more amount for having on the whole in the patent documentation 1.
Patent Document 1: Japanese "Ming electrical Times 2010-No.3" "the development of wind power generation PMG" (Japanese original name: "Ming Electric Times 2010-No.3" "Wind Power Development with PMG Full")
Patent documentation 1: the spy of Japan opens the 2004-23944 communique
Summary of the invention
Have as in above-mentioned magneto-electric generator, flowing-countermeasure during the Id short circuit current, need magnet thickness be designed to stand the thickness of the armature reaction that short circuit current produces in the position of magnet q axle (magnet countershaft).That is to say; Need make near the design of thicker the d axle that is equivalent to the permanent magnet middle body; But only constitute magnet when whole, for above-mentioned reasons, have the problem that input amount increases, cost increases of magnet with a kind of rare earth element permanent magnet of high price.What especially can not ignore is environmental problem, and a large amount of uses of rare earth element magnet will be related to the lot of consumption of scarce resource Dy, Tb.
For solving such problem that prior art had; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hybrid excitation permanent magnet and use the rotor for dynamo-electric machine or the generator of this hybrid excitation permanent magnet; Effectively utilizing the magnet characteristic is the difference of coercive force (to call Hcj in the following text) and residual magnetic flux density (to call Br in the following text); Middle body at permanent magnet disposes high Hcj magnet and disposes the low Hcj magnet of high Br in right ends; Through above formation, can reduce the input amount of the high Hcj magnet of high price.
When producing short circuit current in the generator, as stated, that is to say in electric phase place then flow-the Id electric current in the position of q axle from magnet magnetic flux central shaft 90 degree, on magnet magnetic flux central shaft, the armature reaction flux interaction is on magnet degaussing direction.
Because the waveform of armature reaction MMF is near sinusoidal wave shape,, then diminish more to magnet end more so the demagnetizing field of magnet is the strongest on d (magnetic flux) axle.
According to such physical characteristic, the present invention disposes high Hcj magnet and disposes the hybrid excitation permanent magnet of the low Hcj magnet of high Br at both ends at central portion.
According to the present invention, be to constitute because be configured in the magnet at both ends by the magnet that hangs down Hcj, the input amount of the high price rare earth element Dy that mixes, Tb etc. so can be reduced to the coercive force characteristic that improves magnet.
In addition, though because being configured in the magnet at both ends is to hang down Hcj but the magnet of high Br, so the magnetic flux amount of decision permagnetic synchronous motor output is increased.Thus, the magnetic flux amount at both ends is increased,, can make the compact in size of permagnetic synchronous motor, can cut down whole magnet input amount if export when constant.
According to the present invention, compare with the existing product of output when constant, can reduce the rare earth element magnet input amount of about 15~30% permanent magnet generator, on cost, can reduce about 30%.
In addition, constitute magnet, can also reduce eddy current loss through piecemeal.
And, as stated,, can realize lightweight, so especially at the job engineering of building of the wind-force that is arranged in eminence on the thinner pylon with generator, this lightweight will be played very important effect owing to can make the compact in size of permagnetic synchronous motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main cutaway view of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of the 1st execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the expression armature that relates to of this execution mode and the enlarged drawing of magnet portion.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the mictomagnet of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of the 1st execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the magnetic flux distribution of the 1st execution mode more of the present invention and prior art.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the IPM rotor of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of the 2nd execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the figure of the mictomagnet of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of the 2nd execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the magnetic flux distribution of the 2nd execution mode more of the present invention and prior art.
Fig. 8 is the figure of the IPM rotor of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of variation of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the figure of the mictomagnet of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of variation of the present invention.
Symbol description
The permanent magnet generator of 100-the present invention the 1st embodiment; The armature of 101-the present invention the 1st embodiment; The SPM rotor portions of 102-the present invention the 1st embodiment; The mictomagnet of 103-the present invention the 1st embodiment; The permanent magnet generator of 200-the present invention the 2nd embodiment; The armature of 201-the present invention the 2nd embodiment; The IPM rotor portions of 202-the present invention the 2nd embodiment; The mictomagnet of 203-the present invention the 2nd embodiment; The IPM rotor portions of 302-variation of the present invention; The mictomagnet of 303-variation of the present invention; The high Hcj magnet A of 003A-; The high Br magnet B of 003B-.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing execution mode of the present invention is described.And,, come suitably to omit repeat specification through paying with same-sign for identical formation.
< the 1st execution mode >
The formation of the permanent magnet generator that at first, the 1st execution mode of the present invention is related to reference to Fig. 1 describes.Fig. 1 is the front view of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of the 1st execution mode of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the permanent magnet generator 100 that this execution mode relates to has armature portion 101, SPM rotor portions 102, is installed on the excitation permanent magnet 103 of rotor portions.
Armature portion 101 is examples of generator armature structure, and armature winding is on armature core.When said excitation permanent magnet 103 rotates, at the armature portion 101 generation induced voltages of generator.
Formula 1
When air gap flux density is Bg, when air gap area was Sg, then total magnetic flux Φ was Φ=BgSg.In addition, when the armature winding number of turn is W, winding coefficient is kw, and when angular rotational velocity was ω, induced voltage E was shown in following formula.
E=kwW Φ ω (formula 1)
The short circuit current action of the permanent magnet generator 100 that this execution mode is related to reference to Fig. 2 then, describes.Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of the short circuit action of the permanent magnet generator that relates to of this execution mode of expression.
As shown in Figure 2, in the permanent magnet generator 100 that this execution mode relates to, when being short-circuited action, then, produce armature reaction at the mobile short circuit current of the q of armature portion 101 shaft position.That is to say that the influence of this armature reaction is that the d axle is maximum at the central shaft of permanent magnet 103, then diminishes more to the magnet two ends more.Thus, as shown in Figure 3, excitation permanent magnet 103 is divided into a plurality of (minimum three) on Width, and in the scope that from the permanent magnet central shaft is d axle 60~80%, uses high Hcj magnet A, use high Br magnet B at its both ends.Magnet A and magnet B firmly fix with adhesive etc. and are integrated.
So-called mixed type magnet through adopting two kinds of different magnet of operating characteristic like this can reduce the input amount of the high Hcj magnet of a large amount of inputs high price rare earth element Dy, Tb as the excitation permanent magnet.In addition, be high Br magnet through making the magnet that is configured in the magnet both ends, can the magnet magnetic flux be increased, and can increase the energy output of permanent magnet generator.
At this, the high Hcj magnet A in two kinds of hybrid excitation permanent magnets and the relation of high Br magnet B are as follows.
Kind 1.
Magnet A: 20MOe≤Hcj≤28MOe
11.7KG≤Br≤14.4KG
Magnet B: 16MOe≤Hcj≤23MOe
10.4KG≤Br≤13.6KG
But, be always the relation of Hcj of the Hcj>magnet B of magnet A.
Kind 2.
Magnet A: 23MOe≤Hcj≤33MOe
11.7KG≤Br≤13.6KG
Magnet B: 20MOe≤Hcj≤28MOe
10.8KG≤Br≤13.4KG
But, be always the relation of Hcj of the Hcj>magnet B of magnet A.
And at this, the MOe=1 of unit * 10 of coercivity H j 6Oe shows coercive force with the cgs unit tabulation.
In addition, the unit K G=1 of residual magnetic flux density Br * 10 3G shows residual magnetic flux density with the cgs unit tabulation.
Kind permanent magnet 1. is suitable for being applied in the generator that the spontaneous current physical efficiency is carried out the electricity conversion as the slow wind-driven generator of the rotating speed of generator.
In addition, kind permanent magnet 2. is suitable for being applied in the generator that fossil fuel is carried out the electricity conversion the engine generator of, thermal environment condition poor (height) very fast like the rotating ratio of generator.
As stated, as the excitation permanent magnet 103 that is used to generate electricity, the generator 100 that this execution mode relates to has adopted the composite excitation permanent magnet of two kinds of different magnet of operating characteristic.
This composite excitation permanent magnet can reduce the input amount of high Hcj magnet of Dy, the Tb of a large amount of inputs high price.
For example, magnet A partly is Hcj=30KOe when central authorities, when the magnet B at both ends is Hcj=21KOe,
(1) compare with situation about only being made up of a kind of magnet of Hcj=30KOe, the magnet input amount can cut down 15%, and cost can cut down 30%.
(2) compare with situation about only being made up of a kind of magnet of Hcj=21KOe, the magnet input amount can cut down 30%, and cost can cut down 30%.
Fig. 4 is the expression prior art figure different with the magnetic flux distribution of the application's inventive embodiment.Can find out obviously that from this figure compared with prior art, the magnet of present embodiment can increase the magnetic flux amount in the magnet two end portions.So; Composite excitation permanent magnet of the present invention is because be that high Br magnet can also make the magnetic flux amount increase through making the magnet that is configured in the magnet both ends, so when the output of permagnetic synchronous motor is constant; Can make the whole compact in size of synchronous machine, have the effect of cutting down cost.
In addition; As shown in Figure 3; Owing to the excitation permanent magnet is divided into a plurality of odd numbers (minimum three) on Width, therefore can reduces generator and be rotated the permanent magnet 103 inner eddy current losses that produce when moving, when the input identical energy; Energy output increases, and can improve the lifting effect of generator efficiency more.
And; What be configured in that the magnet B at both ends uses is high Br magnet; Generally speaking, because high Br magnet does not contain the rare earth element Dy that much is used to make coercivity H j to increase, Tb etc., so on the basis that reduces the magnet input amount; Can also reduce cost of material, resource conservation, realize the equipment lightweight.
< the 2nd execution mode >
Below, with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, permanent magnet generator 200 and rotor portions 202 thereof that the 2nd execution mode of the present invention is related to describe.
The permanent magnet generator 200 that the 2nd execution mode relates to has the permanent magnet generator 100 that relates to the 1st execution mode on IPM rotor portions 202 this point replacing SPM rotor portions 102 different, and other formation is identical.Therefore, below for the ease of explanation, suitably omit repeat specification, and be that the center describes with the aspect different with the 1st execution mode.
IPM rotor portions 202 is different with SPM rotor portions 102, and permanent magnet is not the surface at rotor, but inserts the magnet insertion holes that is fixed in the cylindrical rotor that is formed by strong magnetic material.
IPM rotor portions 202 has " saliency ", compares with SPM rotor portions 102, and inductance changed with 2 times cycle of number of magnetic poles.Its result, the torque that electric rotating machine produces is the reluctance torque that in the magnet torque, superposeed.Therefore, compare with the permanent magnet of embodiment 1, the permanent magnet generator 200 that this execution mode relates to can reduce the magnet input amount.
In addition; At this moment, in said IPM rotor portions 202, flow when short circuit current is arranged at the q shaft position; Because the armature reaction that produces at the d shaft position can be eased at the salient pole of magnet surface, so magnet is shaped as impartial square the getting final product of thickness that section is rectangle.
Fig. 7 is the expression prior art figure different with the magnetic flux distribution of the application's inventive embodiment.Can find out obviously that from this figure compared with prior art, the magnet of present embodiment can increase the magnetic flux amount in the magnet two end portions.
As stated; The permanent magnet generator 200 that this execution mode relates to, owing to possess IPM rotor portions 202 with saliency, so can obtain permanent magnet generator 100 roles, effect that the 1st execution mode relates to; Simultaneously also because the reluctance torque that in the magnet torque, superposeed; So when output is constant, can reduce the magnet torque, reduce the magnet input amount, can also reduce the no-load loss of electric rotating machine.
More than; The the 1st, the 2nd execution mode of the present invention is illustrated; But if so-called those skilled in the art; In the scope that does not break away from important content of the present invention, can suitably change above-mentioned execution mode of the present invention, and can the appropriate combination utilization based on the method for above-mentioned execution mode with the change example.That is, much less, even such technology that changes etc. is also contained in the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above-mentioned execution mode,, being divided into three and the magnet that constitutes is that example is illustrated, but also can being divided into even numbered blocks and constituting as the hybrid excitation permanent magnet.Specifically, like Fig. 8, shown in Figure 9,,, the excitation permanent magnet constitutes so being the mixing that is divided into even numbered blocks because the IPM rotor portions is to constitute a magnetic pole by two excitation permanent magnets.
The present invention can be applicable to use all generators of excitation permanent magnet.

Claims (6)

1. hybrid excitation permanent magnet, it is characterized in that for using the epitrochanterian excitation permanent magnet at electric rotating machine,
Said excitation permanent magnet is constituted by the different two or more permanent magnet of characteristic,
Said excitation permanent magnet is being divided on the Width more than three,
Be that the d axle is to use high-coercive force permanent magnet A in the scope at center with said excitation permanent magnet central shaft,
Along with side outside said d is axial is left, though the high permanent magnet B crowd of the low residual magnetic flux density of coercive force is compared in use with said permanent magnet A.
2. hybrid excitation permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Said excitation permanent magnet adopts high-coercive force permanent magnet A in the scope that from central shaft is said d axle 60~80%.
3. hybrid excitation permanent magnet according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Said excitation permanent magnet does,
The coercive force X of said permanent magnet A is in the scope of 20MOe≤X≤28MOe,
Residual magnetic flux density Za is in the scope of 11.7KG≤Za≤14.4KG,
The coercive force Y of said permanent magnet B is in the scope of 16MOe≤Y≤23MOe,
Residual magnetic flux density Zb is in the scope of 10.4KG≤Zb≤13.6KG,
And, when combination said permanent magnet A and B, be always the relation of X>Y.
4. hybrid excitation permanent magnet according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Said excitation permanent magnet does,
The coercive force X of said permanent magnet A is in the scope of 23MOe≤X≤33MOe,
Residual magnetic flux density Za is in the scope of 11.7KG≤Za≤13.6KG,
The coercive force Y of said permanent magnet B is in the scope of 20MOe≤Y≤28MOe,
Residual magnetic flux density Zb is in the scope of 10.8KG≤Zb≤13.4KG,
And, when combination said permanent magnet A and B, be always the relation of X>Y.
5. a rotor for dynamo-electric machine is characterized in that, has used the described hybrid excitation permanent magnet of claim 1 to 4.
6. a generator is characterized in that, has used the described rotor for dynamo-electric machine of claim 5.
CN2011100261900A 2011-01-19 2011-01-19 Mixed type excitation permanent magnet, rotor for rotating electric machine using same and generator Pending CN102611216A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011100261900A CN102611216A (en) 2011-01-19 2011-01-19 Mixed type excitation permanent magnet, rotor for rotating electric machine using same and generator
JP2012553558A JPWO2012098737A1 (en) 2011-01-19 2011-09-29 HYBRID TYPE PERMANENT MAGNET AND ROTARY ELECTRIC ROTOR AND GENERATOR USING SAME
PCT/JP2011/072369 WO2012098737A1 (en) 2011-01-19 2011-09-29 Hybrid-type field permanent magnet, and rotating-electrical-machine rotor or generator using same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011100261900A CN102611216A (en) 2011-01-19 2011-01-19 Mixed type excitation permanent magnet, rotor for rotating electric machine using same and generator

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CN (1) CN102611216A (en)
WO (1) WO2012098737A1 (en)

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CN109904940A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-06-18 蔚来汽车有限公司 Motor and its stator, rotor and magnet
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CN110649732A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-03 山东大学 Mixed excitation rotor and mixed excitation surface-mounted permanent magnet motor
CN110912300A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-03-24 联创汽车电子有限公司 Rotating shaft and motor rotor unit
CN111446830A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-24 华中科技大学 Double-stator tangential excitation magnetic field modulation motor
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US10468952B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2019-11-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Permanent magnet machine with hybrid cage and methods for operating same
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CN108076676B (en) * 2016-09-16 2019-12-17 株式会社东芝 Rotating electrical machine and vehicle
CN109904940A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-06-18 蔚来汽车有限公司 Motor and its stator, rotor and magnet
CN110649732A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-03 山东大学 Mixed excitation rotor and mixed excitation surface-mounted permanent magnet motor
CN110649732B (en) * 2019-10-28 2024-02-23 山东大学 Mixed excitation rotor and mixed excitation surface-mounted permanent magnet motor
CN110912300A (en) * 2019-11-07 2020-03-24 联创汽车电子有限公司 Rotating shaft and motor rotor unit
CN111446830A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-24 华中科技大学 Double-stator tangential excitation magnetic field modulation motor
WO2023124072A1 (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-07-06 浙江联宜电机有限公司 Electric motor having adjustable skewed poles

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Application publication date: 20120725