CN102605929A - Manual multi-layer solid wood floor and production process thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a manual multi-layer solid wood floor and a production process of the manual multi-layer solid wood floor, belonging to the technical field of building decoration. The manual multi-layer solid wood floor comprises a surface plate, a core plate and a back plate, wherein the surface plate, the core plate and the back plate are made of wood veneers with a same material and a same thickness and are pressed into a whole in sequence, and the surface of the surface plate is of natural wood texture bulges. As the whole body adopts the same wood, the physical properties are same or similar, during the production of the substrate, the plates can be well glued together and the uniformity of various properties can be well kept at the same time, the defect that single solid wood is easy to deform is overcome, and the multilayer solid wood floor is more stable and is suitable for a floor heating environment. Compared with the traditional wood floor process, the production process of the manual multi-layer solid wood floor is characterized in that a surface wiredrawing process is added, the soft texture part in the natural texture on the surface of the wood floor is ground, and the hard wood textures are configured to be concave and convex, so that the manual multi-layer solid wood floor has good three-dimensional effect, and people feel comfortable when stepping on the floor.

Description

A kind of manual multi-layer solid wood floor and its production process

technical field

The invention relates to a multi-layer solid wood floor and its technology, belonging to the technical field of architectural decoration.

Background technique

In recent years, with the increasing stability of the laminate flooring market, solid wood flooring has emerged as a new force in the entire flooring industry. Single solid wood flooring, three-layer solid wood composite flooring and multi-layer solid wood composite flooring have become its indispensable backbone. Among them, multi-layer solid wood composite flooring is more and more popular among consumers because of its good stability, unique resource advantages, and appropriate price positioning. the

At present, the process of producing multi-layer solid wood composite flooring in the industry is to press and paste a layer of decorative veneer on the substrate (artificial plywood), the thickness of the veneer is 0.5-3.0mm, and then perform other treatments. The main raw materials for manufacturing the base material are eucalyptus (domestic), poplar, and birch. The logs (eucalyptus, poplar, and birch) are cut into veneers, and then the billets are assembled horizontally and horizontally to form stable internal stress. Keep the floor steady. But this process has a disadvantage: Since the veneer and the base material are different materials, although the bonding strength is no problem, the internal stress of the base material is easily out of balance, resulting in the bending of the floor. At present, in order to solve this problem in the domestic industry, adjustment wood Water content is controlled, but this method is inconvenient to operate, it is difficult to control the water content well, and it will increase the production cycle and reduce production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, improve the stability of the floor, be applicable to different climates, save the country's timber resources, and improve the quality of the pure wood floor, the present invention is proposed.       

A handmade multi-layer solid wood floor, including a surface board, a core board and a back board, the board, the core board, and the back board are made of the same kind of wood veneers with the same material and thickness, which are sequentially pressed into one body, and the surface of the board is Features raised wood natural grain.

The number of pressing layers is four to ten.

The production technology of producing described manual multi-layer solid wood flooring comprises the following steps:

The first step: the manufacture of floor substrates, including broken wood and cut veneers;

Step 2: Group all the good veneers in the step according to the three categories of long medium plate, short medium plate, surface and bottom plate, and group the veneers that produce the same product into one group;

Step 3: Glue the veneers that have been assembled in the second step;

Step 4: The glued veneers are pressed and formed by a press, and the floor is initially formed;

Step 5: Cutting the material, cutting the base material initially formed in step 4 into strips;

Step 6: Determine the thickness of the veneer cut in step 5, and sand it;

Step 7: Drawing and polishing the formed plank with steel wire;

Step 8: Paint the wood board after drawing and polishing in step 7 to become a finished product;

Adopt the same kind of solid wood among the above-mentioned whole steps.

The optimal preparation ratio of glue in the third step of gluing treatment is raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: oxalic acid=130-150kg: 16-19kg: 60-80g: 210-250g, the pH of the glue is 5.5-6.5, the viscosity 6500-8000cp, double-sided coating, 760-800g/m ² in total.

The press molding in the fourth step includes two steps of cold pressing and hot pressing, first cold pressing once, the cold pressing time is 0.5-4 hours, and the pressure is 10-20Mpa; when the number of substrate veneer layers is greater than When it is equal to 6 layers, use at least two times of hot pressing, hot pressing time: the first hot pressing is 560-960s, the second hot pressing is 600-900s, and the hot pressing time of more than two times is the same as the second hot pressing time. The temperature is between 90-130°C, and the hot pressing pressure is between 10-20MPa. the

In the eighth step of painting, three steps of primer finishing, edge spraying paint roller backpainting and topcoat treatment are carried out successively.

This new structural floor has the following advantages:

(1) Since the whole body is the same wood species, its physical properties are the same and similar. During the production process of the substrate, it can be glued together very well, and at the same time, various properties can maintain a relatively complete consistency.

(2) Because it is a multi-layer solid wood composite floor, it overcomes the shortcoming that the single solid wood is easy to deform, is more stable, and is suitable for geothermal environments.

(3) Since there is no need to press and paste a layer of decorative veneer, a surface drawing process is added to the traditional wood board process to grind away the softer part of the natural texture of the wooden floor surface and make the harder wood texture Concave and convex, very three-dimensional, and it also has a comfortable foot feeling when stepping on it.

Instructions attached

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of manual multilayer solid wood floor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of substrate manufacturing;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the floor manufacturing process.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Broken wood : purchase wood with good performance and rich resources (mostly imported wood), and cut the log into broken wood of corresponding specifications according to the specifications of the substrate produced. In order to ensure the maximum utilization rate of the wood, the appropriate location of the broken wood should be determined according to the length of the log, the position, shape and size of the defect of the log.

Cooking and softening : The purpose of cooking the cut wood is to soften the broken wood. In the process of veneer cutting (sawing, planing, rotary cutting), it can reduce wood breakage and burrs (because wood Harder), it can also increase the service life of the tool and increase the yield of the product. Cooking with clear water for 5-10 days at a temperature of 90-100°C. In order to ensure a good cooking effect, the heating process should not be too slow or too fast. First, cook at 30-50°C for 3-8 hours, then 50-70°C. Cook for 3-8 hours, then cook at 70-90°C for 3-8 hours, and finally cook at 90-100°C.

Cutting veneer : According to production needs, cut (sawing, planing, rotary cutting) the boiled broken wood into veneers of corresponding thickness. In the production process, the generation of burrs should be avoided.

Veneer treatment : After cutting, in order to prevent or reduce the cracking of the veneer during the drying process, both ends of the veneer should be pasted with edge-sealing wet water tape. Since the wood is wet, there are two methods at this time, namely: first Don't wet it with water, see if it can stick firmly, if it is not sticky, you must wet it with water before pasting.

Veneer drying : In order to facilitate the subsequent production, the wet veneer should be dried. By adjusting the temperature of the dryer and the speed of the mesh belt (or roller), the moisture content of the dried veneer can meet the requirements. If necessary , to be dried several times (it is better to be able to dry in place at one time, so as to reduce the tearing and breaking of the veneer during the process of moving and pulling), until the moisture content reaches the requirement. The final moisture content of the veneer is controlled at 4%-12%. In general, the drying temperature is 110-200°C, the speed is 0.5-4m/min, and the length is 10-22 knots.

Veneer cutting : According to the quality of the dried veneer and production needs, cut the veneer into the required specifications (length, width), try to make the quality of the veneer the whole veneer.

Sorting of veneers : According to production needs and enterprise standards, sort the cut veneers into three categories: qualified, needing repair, and unqualified.

Veneer repair : When repairing the veneer, pay attention to the excavation of the patch (boat-shaped patch, the transition should be smooth) and the sticking of the tape. The length of each tape with holes should not exceed 10cm, and the tape on each patch should not exceed There should be no more than 3 patches at most. The patch used for repairing must be the patch of the same wood species and the same thickness. The grain direction of the patch is consistent with the grain direction of the veneer, and the loose surface and tight surface must be consistent with the veneer. If the material of the patch is different from that of the veneer, it will cause uneven strength and cannot guarantee the mechanical properties of the wooden floor, so it must be ensured that the material of the patch is the same as that of the veneer. If the thickness is different, the quality defect caused is a convex and concave shape after pressing, and the strength cannot be guaranteed. The texture direction is inconsistent, which means that the patch with the same area, when the force is perpendicular to the direction of the wood grain, the patch with more wood fibers will have a worse force effect. The loose surface and the tight surface are inconsistent because of the difference in their ability to absorb glue.

Matching : According to the production needs and the thickness of the veneer to be rotated, the required long and medium plates, short and medium plates and top/bottom plates are taken out, and the plates are matched according to the process requirements, that is, the veneers produced for the same product are grouped together.

Blank gluing : According to the climate temperature and glue adjustment, the glue viscosity, PH value, and glue amount (double-sided glue/single-sided glue) should be recorded, and the index value of the glue should be measured every two hours. If there is any abnormality, report it in time. And make a record. Use a qualified backing plate to prevent the last slab from being damaged. The blanking worker checks the glue distribution on the upper and lower sides of the veneer at any time (visual inspection is required) to prevent the uneven gap between the rubber rollers or the veneer. Warping causes local lack of glue. When forming billets, "one side and one end are aligned", pay attention to stacking/off-core, inclusions and other phenomena. Raw material ratio for glue mixing: raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: oxalic acid=80-150kg: 10-20kg: 40-100g: 200-300g (the glue mixing ratio of veneer of different thickness and different materials is different); PH value 5-7, viscosity = 3000-8000cp, double-sided coating, 600-800g/m ² in total.

Cold pressing : according to the requirements, cold pressing, tearing off the edges, and ensuring that the pressure and time of cold pressing are sufficient to ensure the quality of cold pressing. Check in strict accordance with the cold pressing time sequence. The burrs on the four sides must be removed during the inspection, and the cracks exceeding the standard must be repaired. Under normal circumstances, cold pressing time = 0.5-4 hours, pressure = 10-20MPa

Hot pressing : Check whether the steam pressure and air pressure meet the requirements of the production process at any time. If the base material has a large number of veneer layers, it needs to be hot pressed twice (or three times, rarely). The setting of process parameters must be adjusted in time when the hot pressing specification changes. The quality of cold repair is monitored, and the slabs with cracks and untrimmed edges are not cleaned up and returned for repair. After the hot pressing is completed, the cracks need to be repaired with putty and the bubble board should be inspected. In general, hot pressing temperature=90-130℃, hot pressing pressure=10-20MPa, hot pressing time: first hot pressing 560-960s, second hot pressing 600-900s.

Thickness trimming : According to the product requirements, the hot-pressed base material is subjected to thickness-setting and sanding treatment to ensure the thickness and smooth surface of the board. Then trim the edges according to the requirements to make the required specifications.

Semi-finished products : Inspection and repair of finished substrates before proceeding to flooring manufacture.

floor manufacturing

Cutting : Since the floor of this new structure is composed of the whole body of one kind of wood, there is no need to press and paste a layer of decorative veneer, and the cutting process can be carried out directly after the base material is cured. Through cutting equipment, the base material after balanced health is cut into laths (painting, flooring before groove and groove treatment, semi-finished products), and the back is sanded to determine the thickness. The purpose is to maintain the floor strips at a uniform thickness for convenience. Sequential production, and brushed surface treatment.

Primer : After the surface is brushed and the thickness is sanded on the back, the primer is finished. The primer, back paint and top coat of our company are UV-curable paint (UV paint). Promote the decomposition of the initiator, generate free radicals, trigger the resin reaction, and instantly solidify into a film. It is characterized by fast and stable curing speed and is suitable for water line operations. It is currently the most environmentally friendly paint. Primer process: 1 water-based primer and 3 primers, 4 coats in total, with a total coating weight of 65-120 g/m ² , using PPG brand paint. The curing method of the paint is ultraviolet curing, which is completed with UV lamps.

Molding : After primer treatment, groove and groove treatment is performed, that is, molding. This series of floors are assembled with flat buckles (male tenon and tenon tenon). In order to avoid chipping and chipping of the veneer, the edges of the veneer should be chamfered in an arc or oblique shape.

In order to avoid thermal expansion and contraction, a part of the edge of the backboard should be removed. When assembling, a certain gap will be left on the back of the floor to prevent this situation.

Side and back paint : The floor panel will be painted, and the surrounding and bottom should also be treated accordingly to prevent the floor from absorbing moisture and insects. The edge of the floor should be sprayed with edge-banding paint or petroleum hydrocarbon waterproof oil. When using edge-banding paint, it should be adjusted to the corresponding color according to the color effect of the board surface to make it harmonious and unified. The back paint uses UV-curable paint, 1 coat, by roller coating, and the coating amount is 15-30 g/m ² .

Topcoat : After edge and backpaint treatment, topcoat treatment is carried out. The topcoat is UV-curable paint, 4 primers and two topcoats, 6 coats in total, with a total coating weight of 55-110 g/m ² . The specific process depends on the floors of different types of materials and different thicknesses of veneer. Cured with UV light.

Finished product : After the topcoat treatment, it is the finished floor, which will be rolled off the assembly line and packaged after the quality QC inspection.

Embodiment one:

Take the 5-layer 12mm thick Australian eucalyptus floor as an example. First, cut the eucalyptus logs, and then steam the broken logs. Use clean water to cook for 5-6 days. The temperature is controlled at about 90°C, pay attention to control Heating process. After cooking, the broken wood is peeled to obtain veneers of the required thickness. After the treatment, use a mesh bag dryer for drying treatment, the drying temperature is controlled at 170-190°C, the speed is 0.5-1m/min, and the moisture content of the obtained veneer is controlled between 6%-10%.

Afterwards, the veneer is cut to the required length and width, sorted, repaired, and then matched, and the next step is the gluing of the blanks. The best preparation ratio of the glue is raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: Oxalic acid = 130-150kg: 16-19kg: 60-80g: 210-250g, the pH of the glue is 5.5-6.5, the viscosity = 6500-8000cp, the coating amount is double-sided coating, a total of 760-800g/m ² . Then carry out cold pressing, the cold pressing time is 3.5-4 hours, pressure=16-18MPa. Next, hot pressing, this product requires two hot pressings, so the process is hot pressing temperature = 110-130°C, hot pressing pressure = 16-18MPa, hot pressing time: first hot pressing 900-960s, second hot pressing Hot pressing for 750-850s.

The next step is cutting and sanding to form a plain board with uniform thickness, which is then processed by manual surface brushing.

Finally, after primer coating, 1 water-based UV primer and 3 UV primers, the total coating amount: 65-120 g/m ² . After forming, spray edge paint roller back paint. For the final topcoat treatment, apply 4 coats of UV primer and 2 coats of YV topcoat, with a total coating weight of 55-110 g/m ² . Finished product off the assembly line.

Embodiment two:

Taking the 9-layer 15mm thick Australian eucalyptus floor as an example, first cut the eucalyptus logs, and then steam the broken logs for 6-7 days with clean water. The temperature is controlled at about 90°C, pay attention to control Heating process. After cooking, the broken wood is peeled to obtain veneers of the required thickness. After the treatment, use a mesh bag dryer for drying treatment. The drying temperature is controlled at 120-140°C, the speed is 2-3m/min, and the moisture content of the obtained veneer is controlled between 6%-10%.

Afterwards, the veneer is cut to the required length and width, sorted, repaired, and then matched, and the next step is the gluing of the blanks. The best preparation ratio of the glue is raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: Oxalic acid = 110-130kg: 14-17kg: 60-70g: 200-240g, the pH of the glue is 5.5-7, the viscosity = 4000-6000cp, the coating amount is double-sided coating, a total of 600-650g/m ² . Then carry out cold pressing, the cold pressing time is 1.5-2 hours, and the pressure is 12-14MPa. Next, hot pressing, this product needs two hot pressings, so the process is hot pressing temperature = 110-120°C, hot pressing pressure = 12-14MPa, hot pressing time: first hot pressing 600-650s, second hot pressing Hot pressing for 650-700s.

The next step is cutting and sanding to form a plain board with uniform thickness, which is then processed by manual surface brushing.

Finally, after primer coating, 1 water-based UV primer and 3 UV primers, the total coating amount: 65-120 g/m ² . After forming, spray edge paint roller back paint. For the final topcoat treatment, apply 4 coats of UV primer and 2 coats of YV topcoat, with a total coating weight of 55-110 g/m ² . Finished product off the assembly line.

Embodiment three:

Take the 9-layer hickory floor with a thickness of 15mm as an example. Firstly, the hickory logs are cut off, and then the cut logs are steamed for 8-9 days with clean water. . After cooking, the broken wood is peeled to obtain veneers of the required thickness. After the treatment, use a mesh bag dryer for drying treatment, the drying temperature is controlled at 150-140°C, the speed is 2-2.5m/min, and the moisture content of the obtained veneer is controlled between 6%-10%.

Afterwards, the veneer is cut to the required length and width, sorted, repaired, and then matched, and the next step is the gluing of the blanks. The best preparation ratio of the glue is raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: Oxalic acid = 110-130kg: 15-18kg: 55-65g: 200-220g, the pH of the glue is 5.5-6.5, the viscosity = 5500-7000cp, the coating amount is double-sided coating, a total of 700-800g/m ² . Then carry out cold pressing, the cold pressing time is 2-3 hours, pressure=14-16MPa. Next, hot pressing, this product needs two hot pressings, so the process is hot pressing temperature = 110-130°C, hot pressing pressure = 14-16MPa, hot pressing time: first hot pressing 750-800s, second hot pressing Hot pressing for 700-750s.

The next step is cutting and sanding to form a plain board with uniform thickness, which is then processed by manual surface brushing.

Finally, after primer coating, 1 water-based UV primer and 3 UV primers, the total coating amount: 65-120 g/m ² . After forming, spray edge paint roller back paint. For the final topcoat treatment, apply 4 coats of UV primer and 2 coats of YV topcoat, with a total coating weight of 55-110 g/m ² . Finished product off the assembly line.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementations, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A handmade multi-layer solid wood floor, comprising a table board, a core board and a back board, characterized in that: the board, the core board, and the back board are made of the same kind of wood veneer with the same material and thickness and pressed into one in order , the surface of the surface has wooden natural texture unevenness. 2. A handcrafted multi-layer solid wood floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of said pressed layers is four to ten. 3. the production process of a kind of solid wood floor according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: The first step: the manufacture of floor substrates, including broken wood and cut veneers; Step 2: Group the veneers cut in step 1 into three categories: long and medium boards, short and medium boards, and surface and bottom boards, and group the veneers that produce the same product into one group; Step 3: Glue the veneers that have been assembled in the second step; Step 4: The glued veneers are pressed and formed by a press, and the floor is initially formed; Step 5: Cutting the material, cutting the base material initially formed in step 4 into strips; Step 6: Determine the thickness of the veneer cut in step 5, and sand it; Part Seven: Brush the surface of the formed wood board; Step 8: Paint the wood board after drawing and polishing in step 7 to become a finished product; Adopt the same kind of solid wood among the above-mentioned whole steps. 4. The production process of a kind of multi-layer solid wood flooring according to claim 2, characterized in that: the best modulation ratio of glue in the third step of gluing treatment is raw glue: flour: ammonium chloride: oxalic acid=130 -150kg: 16-19kg: 60-80g: 210-250g, the pH of the glue is 5.5-6.5, the viscosity is 6500-8000cp, the coating method is double-sided coating, and the total is 760-800g/m ² . 5. The production process of a kind of multi-layer solid wood flooring according to claim 2, characterized in that: the press molding in the fourth step includes two steps of cold pressing and hot pressing, first cold pressing once, and the The cold pressing time is 0.5-4 hours, and the pressure is 10-20Mpa; when the number of substrate veneer layers is greater than or equal to 6, use at least two hot pressing times, hot pressing time: the first hot pressing 560-960s, the second hot pressing Hot-pressing for 600-900s, the hot-pressing time for more than two times is the same as the second hot-pressing time, the hot-pressing temperature is between 90-130°C, and the hot-pressing pressure is between 10-20MPa. 6. The production process of a kind of multi-layer solid wood flooring according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the eighth step of painting step, successively carry out primer coating, edge spray paint roller back paint and top paint treatment three times. steps.

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