CN102603143B - Dual process capable of removing heavy metal ions and carrying out microorganism deep anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Dual process capable of removing heavy metal ions and carrying out microorganism deep anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dual process capable of removing heavy metal ions and carrying out microorganism deep anaerobic fermentation, which successfully solves the difficulty that the heavy metal content in the organic fertilizer exceeds standard, and simultaneously utilizes a heavy metal removing device to carry out microorganism deep anaerobic fermentation so as to shorten the production period of the organic fertilizer. The process not only is suitable for fertilizer production from domestic wastes, but also can be used for removing heavy metals in the production process of the organic fertilizer from raw materials containing organic wastes (organic matters), such as peat soil, sludge, subsidiary agricultural product wastes and the like. Particularly, by the adoption of the process, the treatment difficulty of the sludge with very high heavy metal content in various sewage treatment plants can be effectively solved, the raw material source of the organic fertilizer is increased, and the development of organic agriculture is promoted. The practical application in fertilizer production plant utilizing the domestic wastes proves that the process is feasible, and the effects of removing the heavy metal ions and carrying out microorganism anaerobic fermentation can reach the expectation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of domestic refuse, mud, peat soil and agricultural byproducts tankage of utilizing and produce the method for rejecting molecular state, ionic state Heavy Metal Pollution in organic fertilizer process.Due to this method employing is object proportion precipitation principle, " heavy metal device for eliminating " (inside establish paddle, spiral twists out device etc.) that need to be equipped with 2 meters of diameters, high 8 meters (containing 2 meters of lower cone heights), can hold 20 cubes of homogenate material, and this device is just being applicable to the requirement of microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting in organic fertilizer production, has therefore produced precipitator method rejecting heavy metal ion and had both the dual technique of microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting.
Background technology
Owing to using in large quantities for a long time chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, in switching process, its physiological acidity causes soil nitric acid reaction---nitrite reaction aggravation, also accelerated the conversion of mineral substance, comprised that cadmium, lead, mercury, chromium, this five classes heavy metal of arsenic form various carbohydrate and absorbed by farm crop simultaneously; The discharge of trade effluent and sanitary sewage, the cigarette ash that burning produces, Dioxins, furans etc., all can cause river, soil, farm crop contaminated, and this is also another reason that causes agricultural-food heavy metal content to increase; In addition application of city life garbage, owing to being subject to heavy metal oxidation powder, the liquid of waste cell and the rotten derivatives such as heavy metal ion that produce of food beverage, causes the heavy metal content vicious cycle of domestic refuse to be risen.Therefore, utilize the direct compost of undressed domestic refuse, the heavy metal content of garbage tankage will severe overweight (there are strict requirements to heavy metal content such as cadmium, lead, arsenic, chromium, mercury for the NY525-2002 of Ministry of Agriculture standard), apply farmland and can cause soil poisoning, and then enter human body by agricultural-food, cause heavy metal bone aching and cancer to occur at interior various diseases, serious harm HUMAN HEALTH.Therefore, the key problem in technology of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated is rejected the heavy metal ion such as mercury in rubbish, cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic exactly.Can reject heavy metal ion harm, be the key of utilizing making fertilizer from domestic garbage success or failure.The precipitator method of the present invention are rejected heavy metal ion and are had both the dual technique of microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting, have successfully solved this difficult problem.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention is not only applicable to making fertilizer from domestic garbage, organic solid waste is processed, and can effectively solve a difficult problem for the Sludge Composting of various places sewage work.Mud because of heavy metal content very high, and can not make organic fertilizer for farmland.If reject heavy metal ion with the present invention, the very fertile microorganism organic fertilizer really of mud, like this mud place difficult, process difficult problem and also just solved.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: suffer the harm of heavy metal element for slowing down farm crop, for improvement anthropogenic soil, necessary application of organic fertilizers material, and fertilizer raw material used be mostly organic solid castoff as peat soil in the mud of domestic refuse, sewage work, humic acid fertilizer etc., they all contain heavy metal composition.The present invention will just get rid of heavy metal composition or its ionic soil in raw material processing links exactly, guarantees produced organic fertilizer not containing heavy metal or its content is minimized to (being better than national standard); Mechanism carries out microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting in the lump whereby simultaneously, for shortening the organic fertilizer production cycle, lays the foundation.
Principle of the present invention:
Utilize Sodium salts humic acids (English name: Sodium humate) contain the more active groups such as hydroxyl, quinonyl, carboxyl, there is great chemically reactive and physiologically active, there are stronger absorption, exchange capacity, can in homogenate, first add Sodium salts humic acids and stir, from former plant soma, molecular state, ionic state heavy metal being separated;
Utilize metal chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (English name: ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid; ED TA) energy and basic metal, rare earth element and transition metal are in conjunction with the characteristic that forms stable water soluble complex, in stirring with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) the molecular state of the insides such as domestic refuse, mud, the complexing of ionic state heavy metal, be sequestered in together, form different binding substancess and precipitate;
Utilize adhesive property and the froth breaking effect of water glass (English another name: Sodium metasilicatenonahydrate, Sodium metasilicate, Sodium silicate), available its stops foaming flood tide;
Utilize polyacrylamide (English name: Polyacrylamide, be called for short PAM), have good flocculating function, available its flocculation organic matter fermentation forms cenobium and floating;
Utilize the proportion of organism and inorganics different, in the differentiated characteristic of buoyancy, result organism floating, inorganics sinks.Because heavy metal proportion in slurry is maximum, will be precipitated to bottom bottommost, then be twisted out (collect, concentrate and refine), to reach, reject the object that heavy metal is eliminated harm;
Utilize the chance of tank top sealing, the isolated air of supernatant liquor simultaneously, by anaerobic species milk-acid bacteria (English name: LAB, Lactic acid bacteria) and aspergillus niger (English name: viable yeast (English name: yeast) coordinate and implement microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting all Aspergillus niger) and under aerobic or oxygen free condition.
Technical scheme of the present invention (take domestic refuse as example):
Domestic refuse is worn into slurry (shadowboxing slurry processed) after sub-electing plastics and scrap metal, by homogenate material (water content >=80%) suction " heavy metal device for eliminating ";
When stirring slurry, in slurry, allocate Sodium salts humic acids into, allocation ratio is slurry weight 1.0%;
Continue to stir and also in slurry, to add metal chelating agent ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) [ED TA], adding proportion is slurry weight 0.01%;
If bubbled in stirring, can in slurry, add water glass, adding proportion is slurry weight 0.01%;
Continue stir and by 0.01% of slurry weight, allocate yeast, milk-acid bacteria and aspergillus niger into respectively in slurry, carry out microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting, obtain lactic protein;
Continue to stir after 3 hours standingly, after standing 12 hours, stir again, now in slurry, add flocculation agent polyacrylamide, adding proportion is slurry weight 0.02%;
Each stirring 3 hours, sealing and standing 12 hours, so circulation, three day time can reach dual processing requirement;
After three days, from grout outlet, extract slurry out and enter next procedure (biological organic fertilizer is finally made in dehydration, element coordination, then send to high-temperature aerobic fermentation);
Finally open this bottom of device valve, the in the situation that of motor reversal, release successively bottom heavy metal polymerization material, sandstone precipitation material (recycling respectively).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: heavy metal device for eliminating structural representation.
Shown in figure: 1, the large tank 2 of round shape, main shaft 3, motor 4, inlet pipe 5, ingredients mouth 6, organic materials fermentation cabin 7, paddle 8, bearing (setting) plate 9, slurry outlet and control valve 10, weight feed bin 11, spiral twist out device 12, weight outlet electrically operated valve 13, weight discharging slide plate 14, supporting leg
Embodiment
Shadowboxing processed is starched to gained homogenate (moisture >=80%), by inlet pipe 4, be drawn into the large tank 1 of round shape;
Starter motor 3 forwards, drive paddle 7 rotations in main shaft 2 and organic materials fermentation cabin 6,30 revs/min of rotating speeds;
When stirring, press the certain proportion of slip weight, through ingredients mouth 5, add Sodium salts humic acids (1.0%), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) [ED TA] (0.01%), impel molecular state, the ionic state heavy metal that in domestic refuse slurry, vegetable cell includes to separate, then complexing form different binding substancess to bottom settlings.Proportion is greater than building waste and the heavy metal binding substances of water, weight feed bin 10 have levels in conical lower portion;
If stir while bubbling, add water glass (0.01%) froth breaking through ingredients mouth 5;
Continue stir and through ingredients mouth 5, click and enter yeast (0.01%), milk-acid bacteria (0.01%), aspergillus niger (0.01%) by the certain proportion of slip weight, when standing, will produce microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting;
Continue to stir enough 3 hours, then standing 12 hours, while again stirring through ingredients mouth 5 add polyacrylamides (by slip weight 0.02%), the organism in Flocculated fermentation forms large cenobium and upwards floating;
Each stirring 3 hours, sealing and standing 12 hours, so circulation, three day time just can reach dual processing requirement;
After three days, the slurry of the large tank 1 top organic materials fermentation cabin 6 of round shape completes anaerobically fermenting, by slurry outlet and control valve 9, is extracted out and is entered next procedure (biological organic fertilizer is finally made in dehydration, element coordination, then send to high-temperature aerobic fermentation);
After homogenate exhausts, allow motor 3 reversions drive main shaft 2 and weight feed bin 10 internal screws to twist out device 11, heavy metal and building waste are successively twisted out by level through electrically operated valve 12, drop on weight discharging slide plate 13 and slide out, recycle respectively.
(diameter is 2 meters to utilize the heavy metal of 50t/d making fertilizer from domestic garbage factory to reject tank, be highly 8 meters, containing 2 meters of lower taper heights, useful volume is 20m3, because water distribution need be with 6 tanks) reject heavy metal: blade agitators is equipped with on tank inner main axis top, screw feeder (stir during forward, release the precipitation material such as bottom heavy metal during reversion) is equipped with in bottom.Upper slip adopts 7.5KW slush pump, goes out slip and adopts 18.5KW to take out pulp grinder.Process prescription:
The homogenate of making through shadowboxing pulp grinder processed enters kiln basin, with 7.5KW slush pump suction heavy metal, rejects tank, when slip is extracted into rejecting tank 2/3 volume, starts built-in agitator and at the uniform velocity stirs (30 revs/min) and continue to take out slurry till full; By ingredients mouth, add Sodium salts humic acids 200kg, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 2kg simultaneously; In stirring, find to bubble, add water glass 2kg froth breaking; Stir after 2 hours, click and enter yeast, milk-acid bacteria, each 2kg of aspergillus niger.Stir after 1 hour, standing 12 hours is now complex-precipitation process again.After standing 12 hours, stir again and add polyacrylamide 4kg, flocculation organism forms cenobium and floating.Each stirring 3 hours, sealing and standing 12 hours, so circulation, completed dual processing requirement with three day time.After 3 days, organic materials is on top, and completed deep layer anaerobically fermenting; And building waste and heavy metal binding substances have sunk to bottom, because heavy metal is than great, in the lowest layer.And then start 18.5KW and take out stock pump, from grout outlet, extract homogenate material out and enter next procedure (dehydration coordination).Finally open pot bottom valve, and allow motor reversal drive screw feeder to release the precipitation material (recycling respectively) such as bottom heavy metal and sandstone.
Production instance 2
Produce the faithful record in-5 days on the 2nd March in 2011: section chief on duty's state's choosing of shutting out, workman 18 people on duty.Enter 54 tons of factory's domestic refuses, water content is 62%.8 workings on the 2nd, dry and are convenient to mechanical sorting for deodorizing, are sprinkled into 1.08 tons of unslaked limes (be equivalent to garbage weight 2%), with hook machine, mix thoroughly, roll, do not sort out the big article that should not enter sorting unit, all enter sorting operation, now rubbish water content is 55%.The morning, 10 startup hangings were 2,7 tons of every 1 hour material loadings, through sorting unit, sub-elect scrap metal 487kg (account for garbage weight 0.9%), plastic waste 6210kg (account for garbage weight 11.5%), 48.3 tons of all the other rubbishs enter shadowboxing slurry process processed.2 pm starts shadowboxing pulp grinder processed, adds after water is pulled an oar and from slip, leaches the not broken plastic leftover bits 57kg of mill, and slip enters pulp storage tank, and gross weight is 114.1 tons, and water content 81% (wherein adding 65.8 tons, water) is now 4: 40 afternoon.After the slip of pulp storage tank is stirred, with 6 heavy metals of 7.5KW slush pump suction, reject tank, each tank holds 19 tons of slurries, enters and rejects heavy metal and deep layer anaerobically fermenting operation.
When slip is extracted into, reject tank approximately during 2/3 volume, the time is 5: 20 afternoon, starts built-in agitator and at the uniform velocity stirs (30 revs/min) and continue to take out enough 19 tons; By ingredients mouth, add Sodium salts humic acids 190kg, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) 1.9kg simultaneously.Now find that slurry bubbles, and adds water glass 1.9kg froth breaking.Stir 7: 20 afternoon and reach after 2 hours, click and enter yeast, milk-acid bacteria, each 1.9kg of aspergillus niger.Stir again after 1 hour, start standing 12 hours precipitations 8: 20 afternoon.Second day is restarted stir and add polyacrylamide 3.8kg 8: 20 morning on the 3rd, flocculation organism formation cenobium and floating.Current stirring after 3 hours 11: 20, then sealing and standing 12 hours, to 11: 20 evening.So circulation, three days is 5: 20 afternoon on the 5th afterwards, starts 18.5KW and takes out stock pump, from 6 tank control valves outlets, extracts 101.1 tons, homogenate material out, enters next procedure.Exhaust slurry and open again bottom valve door, and allow motor reversal drive screw feeder to release totally 12.7 tons, the precipitation material such as bottom heavy metal and sandstone, water content 61% (account for 23.5% of domestic refuse total amount, recycle respectively), wherein heavy metal polymerization material 351kg.6 tank homogenate dehydration is extruded 74.2 tons of clear water and is returned shadowboxing processed and starch and recycle, than slurrying add water have more 8.4 tons leave in water reservoir for composting granulation and greening (because of the sewage-treating agent that is mostly adding at slurry, exhaustless water is up to standard can directly be discharged), after dehydration, organism siccative gross weight is 24.5 tons, water content 32%, meet next procedure requirement (then carry out element coordination and send to again thermophilic fermentation, make biological organic fertilizer).
The 1kg that samples from heavy metal polymerization material 351kg send the chemical examination of Nanning chemical fibre institute, converses 54 tons of this batch of domestic refuses and contains heavy metal: cadmium 481g, plumbous 362g, mercury 25g, arsenic 16g, chromium 13g according to result of laboratory test.The heavy metal content that is this batch of domestic refuse is: cadmium 8.9mg/kg, plumbous 6.7mg/kg, mercury 0.5mg/kg, arsenic 0.3mg/kg, chromium 0.2mg/kg.After adding batching fermentation, this batch of organism siccative make fertilizer, by 1 ton of fertilizer measuring and calculating of general 2.5 tons of domestic refuse outputs, this batch of domestic refuse can output fertilizer 21.6 tons so, and the heavy metal content of this batch of fertilizer is: cadmium 22.3mg/kg (NY525-2002 standard regulation≤3); Plumbous 16.8mg/kg (NY525-2002 standard regulation≤100); Mercury 1.2mg/kg (NY525-2002 standard regulation≤5); Arsenic 0.7mg/kg (NY525-2002 standard regulation≤30); Chromium 0.6mg/kg (NY525-2002 standard regulation≤300).The organic siccative after heavy metal ion is rejected in another censorship, does not detect heavy metal.
From above-mentioned chemical examination calculation result, can find out, if do not reject heavy metal, the cadmium meeting severe overweight in organic fertilizer; Though lead, mercury, arsenic, non-superstate of chromium content standard, be harmful element after all, can reject best.And organic siccative after the rejecting heavy metal ion of censorship does not detect heavy metal, prove that it is feasible that the present invention rejects heavy metal, and effect is very desirable.It should be noted that, various places domestic refuse composition is variant, and contaminated degree is different, and various heavy metal content are also just different.This batch of domestic refuse be near Wu Xu town, local You Duojia humic acid fertilizer manufacturer, and its raw material peat soil cadmium content is high, in the rubbish of cleaning road, contains many peat soils, so cadmium content exceeds standard and is understood that.
Claims (1)
1. reject heavy metal ion and have both the dual technique of microorganism deep layer anaerobically fermenting, its technical characterictic is:
(1) when the heavy metal device for eliminating of suction slurry is to stir slurry in the large tank of round shape (1), allocate Sodium salts humic acids in slurry into, allocation ratio is slurry weight 1%;
(2) continue stirring and in slurry, add ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), adding proportion is slurry weight 0.01%;
(3) while stir bubbling, in slurry, add water glass, adding proportion is slurry weight 0.01%;
(4) continue stir and by 0.01% of slurry weight, click and enter yeast, milk-acid bacteria, aspergillus niger respectively in slurry;
(5) stir while again stirring after 3 hours, standing 12 hours, add polyacrylamide in slurry, adding proportion is slurry weight 0.02%;
(6) stir 3 hours at every turn, sealing and standing 12 hours, so cyclical operation, extracted out into next procedure and processes completing anaerobically fermenting the upper strata slurry separated with throw out after 3 days, then the heavy metal polymerization material and the building waste that twist out precipitation utilize respectively.
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| CN102850093B (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2014-07-09 | 熊汉夫 | Method for preparing fertilizer by mineralized fermentation through rejecting heavy metal in kitchen waste and decomposing dioxin |
| CN107500852A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-12-22 | 周维民 | One kind targeting removing heavy metals source (functional) organic fertilizer |
| CN107840690A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-27 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method of heavy metal in removal biological organic fertilizer |
| CN110317108A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-11 | 湖北都兴隆农业技术有限公司 | A kind of production method of fulvic acid type high tower fertilizer |
| CN116116867B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 北京科技大学 | Cooperative treatment system and method for waste dry batteries and kitchen waste |
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| US6967099B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2005-11-22 | Geovation Technologies, Inc. | Plant-fiber containing composition for anaerobic bioremediation |
| CN101747094A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-23 | 熊汉夫 | Method for making organic fertilizers by processing rubbishes in biochemical way |
| WO2010147503A1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-12-23 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Твин Трейдинг Компани" | Method for producing an organic mineral fertilizer mixture |
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| US6967099B1 (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2005-11-22 | Geovation Technologies, Inc. | Plant-fiber containing composition for anaerobic bioremediation |
| WO2010147503A1 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-12-23 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Твин Трейдинг Компани" | Method for producing an organic mineral fertilizer mixture |
| CN101747094A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-23 | 熊汉夫 | Method for making organic fertilizers by processing rubbishes in biochemical way |
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