CN102601124B - Method for controlling bottom width full-length fluctuation of steel rail - Google Patents
Method for controlling bottom width full-length fluctuation of steel rail Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the bottom width full-length fluctuation of a steel rail that improves the bottom width full-length control precision. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the distributed length l of a bottom width full-length fluctuation abnormal part on the steel rail and the mean deviation k of bottom width fluctuation according to a bottom width detection curve of the steel rail under normal rolling condition, determining the compensation part on the section of the steel rail and determining the roll gap compensation value K of the rolling part corresponding to the compensation part; selecting a compensation rolling mill and a compensation order according to the rolling part and the roll gap compensation value K and determining the roll gap compensation Kn of the compensation order; and determining the compensation length L required and adjusting the roll gap S=s-Kn on the rolling part of the compensation rolling mill based on the compensation length L required during rolling, wherein s is a normal roll gap during normal rolling, and when the compensation length L required is reached, the roll gap S on the rolling part of the compensation rolling mill returns to the normal roll gap s, thereby effectively controlling the bottom width full-length fluctuation of the steel rail and reducing the rolling deviation without extra equipment. The method provided by the invention is mainly used to control rolling of the steel rail.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail size fluctuation control method, the elongated fluctuation control method of especially a kind of rail bottom width.
Background technology
Adopt the rail of the automatic production control of multi-function production line, all have the problem of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width, bottom width dimensional discrepancy amplitude is larger.The rail of different size, material, length and the deviation of its bottom width fluctuation are different, but common ground is one end of pointing to milling train direction exists bottom width fluctuating range higher than the problem at other position conventionally in 0～15 meter of length direction (high corresponding with rail) " fluctuation section ", and difference reaches 0.8～1.5 millimeter, and roll-force is more or less the same in elongated direction, the AGC compensating by roll-force far can not eliminate the problem of the bottom width unusual fluctuations in " fluctuation section ".But after fluctuation section, the elongated bottom width size of rail has obtained accurate control along with the stable of as-rolled condition, and bottom width fluctuating range diminishes.
It is a global difficult problem that bottom width fluctuation is controlled, and generally take the way of optimizing pass to solve, but effect is all undesirable, and it is too high again that the way of taking to strengthen crop segment length solves cost.Therefore, when high speed heavy rail is reached the standard grade and used, all to occur that " the fluctuation section " of bottom width unusual fluctuations carry out manual polishing to aforementioned, so that bottom width meets the demands, reduce crop loss simultaneously.
General analysis is thought, cause the reason of rail bottom width fluctuation comprise rail tandem rolling tension force, temperature fluctuation, enter that steel drift hits, AGC compensation lags behind, plant equipment response speed is slow etc., in addition, the lengthening coefficient of the head of rail, waist, the ends three part is different, should be not identical by theoretical its tandem rolling tension force, but can only get an optimum tension value in actual production, be also to cause the reason of size fluctuation.In addition it is also an influence factor that the rolling that, the wearing and tearing of the pass in the operation of rolling cause changes.
Open day is on February 11st, 2009, publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN101362153A discloses a kind of rolling mill hydraulic AGC system and control method thereof, the two closed-loop fashion of inner and outer ring that whole system combines with outer shroud closed loop and interior ring list closed loop are formed by connecting, using calibrator as feedback element, and the PID controller that the deviation signal of calibrator value of feedback and thickness set-point is first input to based on Smith prediction device function is input to the PID controller in the single closed loop of interior ring again; The deviation signal of position sensor, pressure sensor, tension pick-up and tachymeter value of feedback is input to PID controller; PID controller is processed these signals by control module, use touch-screen HMI to arrange and each parameter of display system, operate and monitor each step, the present invention introduces the strategy that the PID based on Smith prediction device function controls, the feedback response speed of calibrator is fast, the control accuracy and the stability that have significantly improved system, installment and debugging is simple, easy to operate, reliable.”
This patent application must utilize calibrator to obtain and revise follow-up rolling thickness by the sheet metal thickness deviation of rolling, to revise according to the parameter of measuring online rolled piece, itself just has certain hysteresis quality its correction, especially just the one section of sheet material that has started rolling is revised without any data at all, and one section of its thickness error of sheet material that has therefore just started rolling is just larger; The execution of its final argument is that the input by L2 level realizes; And because this patent is to be exclusively used in sheet material, the plate shape of sheet material is controlled main relevant with the large factor of roll shape curve two with drafts (roll gap), and thickness of slab precision has determined that its offset is very little; And rail profile is complex-shaped, except roll forming factor and roll gap size factor, head, waist, end each several part extensional also influence each other, thus, the size fluctuation that can not directly the method be applied to the rail with complex section is controlled, and to, according to the natural law, remove to explore the compensating control method that is suitable for rail compound section shape.
Open day is on August 23rd, 2006, publication number is the method for controlling thickness that the Chinese patent application of CN1820864A discloses a kind of tandem mill, in any support of tandem mill, when by the support in the front end of rolled material arrival downstream or coiler device, to predicting because going out the calendering load variations of this support that side tension force causes at this support and going out the thick variation of side plate, and according to these predicted values by the roll seam of this support with described in go out side tension force time of origin operate ordinatedly, to offset out the variation that side plate is thick, the thickness of slab that the generation that goes out side tension force that can be when nipping because of next support and the disappearance that enters side tension force while deviating from because of fore-stock tail end cause change be suppressed to minimum.
This patent application is the method for controlling thickness that is applicable to sheet material equally, is also to revise according to the parameter of measuring online rolled piece, and its correction still has certain hysteresis quality, and offset is also very little, and the execution of final argument is also that the input by L2 level realizes.
Note: in roll control, L1 level refers to directly the operation of autonomous device is operated to the system of controlling; L2 level refers to each equipment room control system, is mainly the system of Artificial Control rolled piece technological parameter and logistics.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width that improves the elongated control accuracy of rail bottom width.
The thinking that the present invention solves this technical problem is, is based on a more macroscopical angle, includes the priority operation of rolling of same specification product in same large system, using normal rolling result formerly as feedback signal input after the operation of rolling in control.Specifically, according to the measured result of mill product formerly, find out fluctuation fragment position and the fluctuating range thereof of the elongated unusual fluctuations of rail bottom width, according to rail profile each several part extensional relation, under normal control method for rolling, directly adopt the input of L1 level to regulate pointedly, bottom width fluctuating range in fluctuation section is reduced, thereby realize the roll control to fluctuation section, reach the control target that the elongated bottom width fluctuating range of rail reduces, improves the elongated control accuracy of bottom width.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width, comprises the following steps:
I, according to pair rolling, produce to obtain and need the bottom width detection curve of roll out steel rail in normal rolling situation, draw the distribution length l of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail and the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l;
II, the average deviation k fluctuating according to bottom width determine the compensation position on rail profile, and determine and compensate the roll gap offset K at corresponding rolling position, position;
III, the milling train milling train by way of compensation of selecting rolling corresponding site according to compensation position, according to roll gap offset K, select n passage passage by way of compensation, roll gap offset K is dispensed to and respectively compensates passage, and, the closer to finished hole passage, the absolute value of the roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is less, and n is the quantity of compensation passage, n is positive integer, K1+ ... + Kn=K;
IV, the distribution length l according to the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail determine and need compensating length L;
V, when roll out steel rail, at rail, need on compensating length L to determine according to roll gap compensation rate Kn the roll gap S=s-Kn at rolling position on compensation milling train, normal roll gap when wherein s is normal rolling; When reaching, need after compensating length L normal roll gap s when described roll gap S is returned to normal rolling.
More specifically, in Step II, if the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k| > 0.3mm, connects and compensates at bottom width position straight; If the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k|≤0.3mm, at bottom width position or Huo Yaohou position, flange of rail thickness position compensate, corresponding roll gap offset K adopts following formula to determine:
Take bottom width position as compensation is during position, when k < 0, roll gap offset K=k * b+c, when k >=0, roll gap offset K=k * b-c;
Take flange of rail thickness position as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=-k * b ÷ b1,
The thick position of the waist of take is as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=k * b ÷ b2;
In each calculating formula of roll gap offset K,
K---roll gap offset, the mm of unit;
K---the average deviation of bottom width fluctuation in a certain continuous distributed length l, is called for short the average deviation that bottom width fluctuates, the mm of unit;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014];
The broadening amount of c---bottom width size in follow-up rolling pass, the mm of unit, determines according to the rolling mill practice of normal rolling, (does not comprise and compensate passage) those rolling passes that complete to rolling after follow-up rolling pass refers to compensate passage;
B1---the ceofficient of spread at flange of rail thickness position is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b1 ∈ [0.2,0.3];
The pulling-down coefficient at b2---the thick position of waist is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b2 ∈ [0.05,0.10].
Further, in Step II I, when roll gap offset K meets | during K| > 1mm, roll gap offset K is distributed at least two compensation passages, the roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is met | Kn|≤1mm; When roll gap offset K meets | during K|≤1mm, only in a rolling pass, complete the compensation of roll gap.
More specifically, in step IV, need compensating length L to determine according to the following formula, L=l ÷ a * b, in formula:
L---treat the actual compensating length that needs of roll out steel rail, the m of unit;
L---the distribution length of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail during normal rolling, is called for short distribution length, the m of unit;
A---lengthening coefficient, relevant with the deflection of each passage in steel rail rolling process, establish compensation passage for pointed to the inverse j passage of finished hole by cogging, a=a1 * a2 * a3 * ... * aj, in formula, the lengthening coefficient that aj is j passage reciprocal, is the dimensionless constant definite according to rolling experience;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014].
More specifically, in Step II I, compensation milling train is the milling train before finishing mill and/or finishing mill.
Further, after step V, carry out following steps: VI, detect finished product rail compensator section to the sudden change situation of transitional region bottom width between normal rolling section.
More specifically, described distribution length l and the termination that needs compensating length L all to point to milling train from rail start continuous calculating.
More specifically, need compensating length L >=2m.
More specifically, each position roll-force of rolled piece is carried out to AGC control.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in the automatic control program of steel rail rolling, according to formerly rolled products bottom width fluctuation situation, determine corresponding compensation position, compensation milling train, roll gap offset, compensation passage and roll gap offset are dispensed to the roll gap compensation rate of each compensation passage, distribution length according to the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail is determined needs compensating length, and then need on compensating length, the roll gap at the compensation corresponding rolling of milling train position to be adjusted at rail, the region changing greatly for this section, steel rail rolling top rolling stress has good correcting action, thereby effectively controlled the bottom width fluctuation of rail fluctuation section, the elongated deviation of bottom width of whole rail product is reduced, improved product quality, after rolling, can also monitor finished product bottom width and whether occur catastrophe point, thereby whether the elongated fluctuation of bottom width of detection rail product is qualified.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention while being applied to roll control.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of rail profile.
Fig. 3 is the milling train arrangement technology figure of embodiment mono-, two and comparative example thereof.
Fig. 4 is the upper steel rail rolling schematic diagram of the second edging mill E2 in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the upper steel rail rolling schematic diagram of universal mill UF in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the bottom width curve of cyclical fluctuations figure (comparative example of embodiment mono-) that adopts pair rolling method to produce.
Fig. 7 is the bottom width curve of cyclical fluctuations figure of embodiment mono-.
Fig. 8 is the bottom width curve of cyclical fluctuations figure (comparative example of embodiment bis-) that adopts pair rolling method to produce.
Fig. 9 is the bottom width curve of cyclical fluctuations figure of embodiment bis-.
Parts, position and numbering: bottom width F, a thick d, the thick W of waist, flange of rail thickness t, the high H of rail in figure; Blooming mill BD1, blooming mill BD2, universal mill U1, the first edging mill E1, universal mill U2, the second edging mill E2, universal mill UF; Horizontal roller 7 on horizontal roller 6, edging mill under rail rolled piece 1, head edger roll 2, bottom edger roll 3, lower horizontal roller 4, upper horizontal roller 5, edging mill.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Statement, concise and to the point for narrating, in this manual, " the distribution length l of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail " and " distribution length l " have same implication, and " the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l " and " the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation " have same implication.Passage refers to rolling pass, and the 1st passage reciprocal is finished hole passage.
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 9, the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width of the present invention comprises the following steps:
I, according to pair rolling, produce to obtain and need the bottom width detection curve of roll out steel rail in normal rolling situation, analyze bottom width detection curve, draw the distribution length l of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail and the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l.
II, according to the average deviation k of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width, determine the compensation position on rail profile, and determine and the roll gap offset K that compensates corresponding rolling position, position, common sheet material milling train only when rolling, it only has two faces to be subject to rolling, only at thickness direction, retrain, when regulating sheet material, only need to control the gap of top and bottom rolls, do not exist and select compensation position, different from common sheet material, as shown in Figure 1, rail rolled piece 1 has comparatively complicated section, for must being used many milling trains, the section of moulding complexity forms production lines with each position of roll out steel rail rolled piece 1 successively, from Fig. 3～Fig. 5, can find out, rail rolled piece 1 is via many milling trains, the moulding of a plurality of rolling pass continuous rolling, on same milling train, be also subject to the effect of a plurality of rolls simultaneously, horizontal roller 6 under horizontal roller 7 and edging mill on example edging mill as shown in Figure 4, and the head edger roll 2 shown in Fig. 5, bottom edger roll 3, lower horizontal roller 4 and upper horizontal roller 5, and according to the rule of flow of metal, change to a certain portion size must have influence on other position, when therefore steel rail rolling moulding is controlled, to take influencing each other between each position of section into account, this controls steel rail rolling and becomes more complicated, but the unity of opposites is therewith, also can utilize this target that influences each other to reach control, can select to compensate position, selected compensation position might not be the bottom width position that directly affects bottom width F, now corresponding adjusting be on edging mill on, roll gap between lower horizontal roller, also may be bottom width F to be produced to the flange of rail thickness position of remote-effects, now regulate the roll gap of universal mill upper bottom portion edger roll, or the thick position of waist, now regulating the roll gap between upper and lower horizontal roller on universal mill, this just has larger difference with the sheet material that only just can compensate by control working roll roll gap.In addition, roll gap offset K can utilize empirical equation to calculate according to the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation and draw, also can draw according to the rule in actual production, according to different working conditions, can obtain best roll gap offset K by limited test.
III, the milling train milling train by way of compensation of selecting rolling corresponding site according to compensation position, according to roll gap offset K, select n passage passage by way of compensation, roll gap offset K is dispensed to and respectively compensates passage, and, the closer to finished hole passage, the absolute value of the roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is less, and n is the quantity of compensation passage, n is positive integer, K1+ ... + Kn=K.
It should be noted that: the positive and negative of K and Kn should be determined according to direction definite in pair rolling process modeling and roll gap compensation formula, to this, those skilled in the art can should make corresponding roll gap broaden or narrow down to judge according to the roll gap compensation rate of stack.
IV, the distribution length l according to the elongated fluctuation of bottom width on rail determines needs compensating length L, according to the objective law of rolling, need compensating length L and distribution length l to have certain corresponding relation, needing compensating length L to utilize empirical equation to calculate according to distribution length l draws, also can draw according to the rule in actual production.
V, when roll out steel rail, at rail, need on compensating length L to determine according to roll gap compensation rate Kn the roll gap S=s-Kn at rolling position on compensation milling train, normal roll gap when wherein s is normal rolling; When reaching, need after compensating length L the normal roll gap s when roll gap S at rolling position is returned to normal rolling on compensation milling train.
Normal rolling is generally to adopt roll-force automatic control system AGC, utilize AGC can detect the roll-force of the front end rail of rolling, thereby utilize detected deviation data correction roll gap to reduce deviation, because AGC is actually the rail of revising rear end by the deviation of front end, therefore its correction is to have hysteresis quality, therefore, for the one section of rail or the rolling stress that just start rolling, change one section of rail greatly, its correction just cannot be carried out, but due to sudden change section in pair rolling is controlled, only having length is one section of rail of l, therefore roll gap compensation is only for the roll control of the section of fluctuation, need after compensating length L rolling is complete, just can be returned to normal AGC controls.The production of rail is to be formed by each milling train continuous rolling on production line, determine that the milling train that can determine rolling corresponding site behind the position that needs compensation is as optional compensation milling train, and then utilize roll gap offset K and roll gap compensation rate Kn to revise the roll gap of final definite compensation milling train.
Method of the present invention coordinates existing pair rolling control method to use, to utilize known data through converting, to compensate the roll gap of milling train when compensation passage, and only on compensating length L, compensate needing, object is to revise blind area and the roll-force saltation zone that pair rolling is controlled, thereby the elongated fluctuation of bottom width of controlling rail is in scope stably, make whole piece rail all there is in the longitudinal direction less bottom width deviation, improve the quality of product.Evidence, adopts method of the present invention can control well the elongated fluctuation of rail bottom width, and solved people and wanted for a long time to solve and unsolved problem always, but also without adopting extra equipment.
According to the difference of the difference of production line and rolling kind, the corresponding relation of the average deviation k of roll gap offset K and bottom width fluctuation may be different, but generally should consider cross section extensional rule and roll the impact of rear thermal contraction on rolling, will consider these impacts too determining while needing compensating length L.
According to long-term production practices, inventor provides the compensation position of following recommendation and determines method and roll gap offset K estimation equation.Concrete, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, in Step II, consider the relation that influences each other of the distortion such as rail rolled piece 1 head, waist, bottom, determine that bottom width oscillation compensation is to carry out or carry out at other position at the bottom width position of rail rolled piece 1, if the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k| > 0.3mm, connects and compensates at bottom width position straight; If the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k|≤0.3mm, at bottom width position or Huo Yaohou position, flange of rail thickness position compensate, corresponding roll gap offset K adopts following formula to determine:
Take bottom width position as compensation is during position, when k < 0, roll gap offset K=k * b+c, when k >=0, roll gap offset K=k * b-c;
Take flange of rail thickness position as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=-k * b ÷ b1,
The thick position of the waist of take is as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=k * b ÷ b2;
In each calculating formula of roll gap offset K,
K---roll gap offset, the mm of unit;
K---the average deviation of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l, obtains the mm of unit according to bottom width detection curve;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014];
The broadening amount of c---bottom width size in follow-up rolling pass, the mm of unit, determines according to the rolling mill practice of normal rolling, (does not comprise and compensate passage) those rolling passes that complete to rolling after follow-up rolling pass refers to compensate passage;
B1---the ceofficient of spread at flange of rail thickness position is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b1 ∈ [0.2,0.3];
The pulling-down coefficient at b2---the thick position of waist is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b2 ∈ [0.05,0.10].
When bottom width F undulate quantity is larger, should directly regulate bottom width F by controlling bottom width position.Take bottom width position as compensation is during position, when k < 0, roll gap offset K=k * b+c, when k >=0, roll gap offset K=k * b-c.In Rail Production, if bottom width F compares less than normal with standard bottom width, while being k < 0, need to lift roller to strengthen roll gap, roll gap offset K=k * b+c should meet K < 0, divide timing also should guarantee Kn < 0, roll gap S=s-Kn, the roll gap while compensating is greater than normal roll gap; Otherwise, if bottom width F compares bigger than normal with standard bottom width, while being k > 0, need pressure roller to reduce roll gap, roll gap offset K=k * b-c should meet K > 0, divide timing also should guarantee Kn > 0, roll gap S=s-Kn, the roll gap while compensating is less than normal roll gap.
In addition, in bottom width F undulate quantity hour, can indirectly control bottom width F by controlling flange of rail thickness, also can select indirectly to control bottom width F by controlling other position.
For example, in Rail Production, if thickness t is compared partially thick with standard gauge base thickness degree at the bottom of Rail, can increase bottom width F by attenuate flange of rail thickness t, the relation of its variable quantity is calculated by empirical equation: Δ F=-b1 * Δ t, wherein minus sign "-" represents that the variation delta F of bottom width F and the variation delta t of flange of rail thickness t are inversely proportional to, b1---the ceofficient of spread at flange of rail thickness position, for the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b1 ∈ [0.2, 0.3], variation delta t can realize by adjusting universal mill bottom edger roll 3, now control roll gap offset K=-k * (1.012～1.014) ÷ (0.2～0.3) of the milling train of flange of rail thickness t.
And for example, in Rail Production, if the thick W of rail waist and standard waist be thick, compare when partially thick, can reduce bottom width F by the thick W of attenuate waist, the relation of its variable quantity is calculated by empirical equation: Δ F=b2 * Δ W, wherein without minus sign "-", the variation delta F that represents bottom width F is directly proportional to the variation delta W of the thick W of waist, the pulling-down coefficient at b2---the thick position of waist, for the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b2 ∈ [0.05, 0.10], variation delta W vertically depresses and can realize by adjusting horizontal roller 5 on universal mill, now control roll gap offset K=k * (1.012～1.014) ÷ (0.05～0.10) of the milling train of the thick W of waist.
Said method has been adjusted bottom width F indirectly, and the benefit of this adjustment mode is not only can adjust bottom width F, and thickness t or the thick W of waist at the bottom of all right buffer rail, guarantee the accuracy of a plurality of sizes of rail simultaneously, thereby produce the rail of better quality.
According to practical experience, the fluctuating range of rail bottom width is generally in 1mm, and its maximum fluctuation amplitude can not surpass 1.5mm.Same rolling pass is when its roll gap compensation rate is greater than 1mm, there will be compensation precision to be greater than the situation of 0.1mm, the hydraulic system of milling train can be because changing and occur down-pressing system of rolling mill slight jitter phenomenon fast simultaneously, and obvious catastrophe point easily appears in the specification after compensation.For further improving compensation effect, when roll gap offset K meets | during K| > 1mm, roll gap offset K is distributed at least two compensation passages, roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is met | Kn|≤1mm, in formula, n is the quantity of compensation passage, n is positive integer, K1+ ... + Kn=K, with this, little by little compensate the elongated fluctuation of bottom width of rail rolled piece, and the closer to finished hole passage, the absolute value of the roll gap compensation rate Kn being assigned with in its single compensation passage is less, this reduces gradually with regard to the compensation that rail rolled piece is subject to, its roll-force being subject to also progressively changes to plateau, therefore the precision of last finished product rail is just higher, better quality, when roll gap offset K meets | during K|≤1mm, its offset is less, only in a rolling pass, completes the compensation of roll gap, i.e. n=1, K=K1, reduces and needs the milling train quantity adjusted.Apparently, K1, K2 ..., Kn generally should be with just or with negative.
The production practices long-term according to applicant, what inventor provided following recommendation needs compensating length estimation equation, in step IV, needs compensating length L to determine according to the following formula, L=l ÷ a * b, in formula:
L---treat the actual compensating length that needs of roll out steel rail, the m of unit;
L---the distribution length of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail during normal rolling, is called for short distribution length, the m of unit;
A---lengthening coefficient, relevant with the deflection of each passage in steel rail rolling process, establish compensation passage for pointed to the inverse j passage of finished hole by cogging, a=a1 * a2 * a3 * ... * aj, in formula, the lengthening coefficient that aj is j passage reciprocal, is the dimensionless constant definite according to rolling experience;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014].
According to above formula, calculate need compensating length L can also be further rule of thumb data revise, to reach best.
For improving compensation precision, the compensation milling train in Step II I should be chosen as the milling train before finishing mill and/or finishing mill.
In order to detect control effect, after step V, carry out following steps: VI, detect finished product rail compensator section to the sudden change situation of transitional region bottom width F between normal rolling section.Utilization is investigated transitional region to the detection of finished product rail and whether is had specification catastrophe point, grasps in real time product quality, to can also further revise controlling according to detecting data, improves the quality of product.
As previously mentioned, the normally beginning section of rail rolled piece of violent position fluctuates, because now pair rolling control system can't play good regulating action, the blind area of control of roll-force sudden change and AGC is all positioned at the position that rail starts rolling, and distribution length l only has continuous one section conventionally.Therefore, for simplifying, control, described distribution length l and the termination that needs compensating length L all to point to milling train from rail start continuous calculating, when carrying out deviation compensation, also can only consider this position, the deviation at other position can be revised by pair rolling control model, and its compensation control flow can be shown in Figure 1.
From theory, control method of the present invention works only relevant with the hydraulic response speed of milling train, but in fact, if the distribution length l itself on rail is very short in the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part, the effect of applying the inventive method is also not obvious,, be recommended in step IV for this reason, need compensating length L >=2m.
In addition, preferred pair rolling control method is that each position roll-force of rolled piece is carried out to AGC control.
Embodiment mono-
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, shown in Fig. 7, the rolling 60kg/mU75V rail of take is example, its standard bottom width F is 150mm, milling train arrangement technology figure is referring to Fig. 3, 60kg/mU75V rail adopts seven frames to produce rail, cogging unit is two frames, be respectively blooming mill BD1, blooming mill BD2, omnipotent unit is five frames, three omnipotent, be respectively universal mill U1, universal mill U2 and universal mill UF, two edging, be respectively the first edging mill E1, the second edging mill E2, while pressing the mill milling rail of Fig. 3 technology arrangement, universal mill UF, the second edging mill E2, each rolling 1 passage of universal mill U2, and the first edging mill E1 rolls 2 passages, universal mill U1 rolls 3 passages, in its pair rolling model, roll gap variable quantity is to broaden as just with roll gap, rolling mill second from the bottom i.e. the second edging mill E2 is that last accurately controls the milling train of bottom width F, by following steps, carrying out the elongated fluctuation of bottom width controls.
The situation of I, the normal rolling of basis, analyze the bottom width detection curve of 60kg/mU75V in normal rolling situation, this curve as shown in Figure 6, according to curve, draw the distribution length l=9.5m of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail, the average deviation k=-0.8mm of bottom width fluctuation, than the little 0.8mm of the standard value of 150mm.
II, the elongated fluctuation deviation of bottom width | k|=0.8mm > 0.3mm, determine and directly at bottom width position, compensate, therefore the finishing mill that at least will select directly to control bottom width i.e. the second edging mill E2 milling train by way of compensation, according to normal rolling mill practice, the broadening amount c=0.1mm at bottom width position in the upper finished hole passage of universal mill UF, k=-0.8mm < 0, roll gap offset K=k * b+c=-0.8 * 1.013+0.1 ≈-0.71mm at bottom width position, and | K|≤1mm.
III, according to the arrangement form of rolling-mill housing, after the second edging mill E2, be finishing mill UF, because roll gap offset K meets | K|≤1mm, suitable n=1, K=K1, only in a rolling pass, complete the compensation of roll gap, last rolling mill of accurately determining bottom width F is the second edging mill E2, for improving compensation precision, selects the second edging mill E2 milling train by way of compensation, determine that compensation passage is the 2nd passage reciprocal, j=2.
IV, the upper finished hole lengthening coefficient a1=1.15 of consideration universal mill UF, the lengthening coefficient a2=1.016 of the second edging mill E2 passage, lengthening coefficient a=a1 * a2, a=1.15 * 1.016=1.17, the Thermal Contraction Coefficient b=1.013 of 60kg/mU75V, can draw and need compensating length L=l ÷ a * b=9.5 ÷ 1.17 * 1.013 ≈ 8.22 (m).
V, in the enterprising line program optimization of basic automatization, according to its normal rolling mill practice, normal roll gap s=10.41mm when the second edging mill E2 goes up the normal rolling in bottom width position, needing according to roll gap compensation rate K1=-0.71mm, to determine the corresponding roll gap S=s-K1=10.41-(0.71)=11.12 (mm) on the second edging mill E2 on compensating length L=8.22m, soon on the edging mill on the second edging mill E2, under horizontal roller 7 or edging mill, horizontal roller 6 is raised 0.71mm, when reaching, need after compensating length L, roll gap is returned to normal roll gap, when the second edging mill E2 rolled piece shuts out length and is 8.22m, the roll gap at its bottom width position becomes normal 10.41mm from initial 11.12mm.
VI, according to hydraulic response speed monitoring finished product bottom width F, whether there is catastrophe point.From the response speed of the second edging mill E2 hydraulic pressure, the response time is 250 milliseconds, and mill speed is 2.4m/s, and corresponding length of rolled piece is 600mm, finds not exist after testing any catastrophe point.
Utilize the 60kg/mU75V rail bottom width F curve of cyclical fluctuations figure of pair rolling method production referring to Fig. 6, the rail bottom width F curve of cyclical fluctuations figure that this example is produced is referring to Fig. 7, from the contrast of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, can find out, the 60 rail bottom width F that pair rolling method is produced are in the deviation of initial period up to 1.1mm, and average deviation also reaches 0.8mm.And the 60kg/mU75V rail bottom width F deviation that this example is produced is all in 0.4mm.
Following table 1 is depicted as the bottom width numerical value contrast of application the inventive method front and back steel rail rolling head 10m.
Table 1
| Mill length, m | Bottom width, mm (comparative example) | Bottom width, mm (the present embodiment) |
| 0.2 | 148.9 | 150.06 |
| 0.4 | 148.92 | 149.66 |
| 0.6 | 148.93 | 149.73 |
| 0.8 | 148.95 | 149.69 |
| 1 | 148.95 | 149.99 |
| 1.2 | 148.96 | 149.73 |
| 1.4 | 148.96 | 149.7 |
| 1.6 | 148.98 | 149.84 |
| 1.8 | 148.99 | 149.98 |
| 2 | 149 | 149.76 |
| 2.2 | 149 | 149.87 |
| 2.4 | 149.02 | 149.9 |
| 2.6 | 149.12 | 149.98 |
| 2.8 | 149.12 | 149.62 |
| 3 | 149.15 | 149.97 |
| 3.2 | 149.2 | 149.72 |
| 3.4 | 149.31 | 149.67 |
| 3.6 | 149.33 | 150.04 |
| 3.8 | 149.4 | 149.81 |
| 4 | 149.45 | 149.76 |
| 4.2 | 149.44 | 149.77 |
| 4.4 | 149.48 | 150.01 |
| 4.6 | 149.54 | 149.92 |
| 4.8 | 149.56 | 149.7 |
| 5 | 149.6 | 149.93 |
| 5.2 | 149.63 | 150.05 |
| 5.4 | 149.67 | 149.89 |
| 5.6 | 149.7 | 149.75 |
| 5.8 | 149.75 | 149.74 |
| 6 | 149.78 | 149.77 |
| 6.2 | 149.85 | 150 |
| 6.4 | 149.95 | 149.7 |
| 6.6 | 149.99 | 149.68 |
| 6.8 | 150 | 149.69 |
| 7 | 150.2 | 150.09 |
| 7.2 | 150.31 | 149.64 |
| 7.4 | 149.98 | 149.6 |
| 7.6 | 150.29 | 149.9 |
| 7.8 | 150.15 | 149.9 |
| 8 | 150.32 | 149.67 |
| 8.2 | 150.15 | 149.77 |
| 8.4 | 150.19 | 149.74 |
| 8.6 | 150.29 | 149.81 |
| 8.8 | 149.95 | 149.94 |
| 9 | 150.17 | 149.95 |
| 9.2 | 150.13 | 149.64 |
| 9.4 | 150.1 | 149.64 |
| 9.6 | 149.95 | 149.62 |
| 9.8 | 150.28 | 149.68 |
| 10 | 150.27 | 150.01 |
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 8, Fig. 9, another batch of 60kg/mU75V rail, normal rolling and milling train arrange identical with embodiment mono-, milling train arrangement technology figure is referring to Fig. 3, while pressing the mill milling rail of Fig. 3 technology arrangement, remain universal mill UF, each rolling 1 passage of the second edging mill E2, universal mill U2, the first edging mill E1 rolls 2 passages, universal mill U1 rolls 3 passages, but rolling mill practice details is slightly different, application the inventive method is controlled the rolling of this another batch of 60kg/mU75V rail.
The situation of I, the normal rolling of basis, analyze the bottom width detection curve of 60kg/mU75V in normal rolling situation, according to curve, draw the distribution length l=5.0m of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail, the starting point of distribution length l is the termination that rail points to milling train, the average deviation k=-0.25mm of bottom width fluctuation, than the little 0.25mm of standard value; Meanwhile, according to the thick 0.6mm of thickness t average specific standard value 12mm at the bottom of measurement Rail.
II, the elongated fluctuation deviation of bottom width | k|=0.25mm≤0.3mm, the thick 1mm of flange of rail thickness t average specific standard value, according to rail profile each several part deformation relationship, determines and take flange of rail thickness position as compensation position; Consider the upper finished hole rolled piece Thermal Contraction Coefficient b=1.013 of universal mill UF, the ceofficient of spread b1=0.25 at flange of rail thickness position, can draw the roll gap offset at the Rail base thickness degree position that needs adjustment: K=-k * 1.013 ÷ 0.25 ≈-(0.25) * 1.013 ÷ 0.25=1.013 (mm).
Although III roll gap offset K meets | K| > 1mm, but difference is about 0.01mm, compare with the error precision of controlling, can not be assigned in two rolling passes and compensate, still select n=1, K=K1, only in a rolling pass, complete the compensation of roll gap, because compensation position is flange of rail thickness position, universal mill UF is last rolling mill of accurately determining flange of rail thickness t, for improving compensation precision, selects universal mill UF milling train by way of compensation, determine that compensation passage is the 1st passage reciprocal, j=1.
IV, the upper finished hole lengthening coefficient a1=1.08 of consideration universal mill UF, lengthening coefficient a=a1=1.08, the Thermal Contraction Coefficient b=1.013 of 0kg/mU75V, can draw and need compensating length L=l ÷ a * b=5 ÷ 1.08 * 1.013 ≈ 4.69 (m).
V, in the enterprising line program optimization of basic automatization, according to its normal rolling mill practice, normal roll gap s=8.0mm when universal mill UF goes up the normal rolling in flange of rail thickness position, needing according to roll gap compensation rate K1=1.013mm, to determine the corresponding roll gap S=s-K1=8.0-1.013=6.987 (mm) on universal mill UF on compensating length L=4.69m, the bottom edger roll 3 that is about to universal mill UF is depressed 1.013mm, in the enterprising line program optimization of basic automatization, when reaching, need after compensating length L, roll gap is returned to normal roll gap, when universal mill UF rolled piece shuts out length and is 4.69m, the roll gap at its flange of rail thickness position becomes normal 8.0mm from initial 6.987mm, now the flange of rail thickness t of finished hole has become 12.6-(1.013 ÷ 1.08)=11.66 (mm) from original 12.6mm, within 11.5～12.75mm in standard-required.
VI, according to hydraulic response speed monitoring finished product bottom width F, whether there is catastrophe point.The UF response time is 250 milliseconds, and mill speed is 3.5m/s, and corresponding length of rolled piece is 875mm, through measuring, finds not exist any catastrophe point.
Utilize the 60kg/mU75V rail bottom width F curve of cyclical fluctuations figure of pair rolling method production referring to Fig. 8, the rail bottom width F curve of cyclical fluctuations figure that this example is produced is referring to Fig. 9, from the contrast of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, can find out, the 60 rail bottom width F that pair rolling method is produced are in the deviation of initial period up to 1.1mm, and average deviation also reaches 0.8mm.And the 60kg/mU75V rail bottom width F deviation that this example is produced is all in 0.4mm.
Following table 2 is depicted as the bottom width numerical value contrast of application the inventive method front and back steel rail rolling head 5m.
Table 2
From above two examples, can find out, apply method of the present invention, foundation formerly rolled products has been carried out the anticipation of science to compensating length, compensation position and roll gap compensation rate, overcome the shortcoming of original control method, make the bottom width fluctuation of rail controlled all the time, guaranteed the quality of whole product, and when controlling without relying on extra equipment, only need original equipment, so cost is lower.
Claims (7)
1. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
I, according to pair rolling, produce to obtain and need the bottom width detection curve of roll out steel rail in normal rolling situation, draw the distribution length l of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail and the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l;
II, the average deviation k fluctuating according to bottom width determine the compensation position on rail profile, and roll gap offset K definite and compensation corresponding rolling position, position, if the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k| > 0.3mm, connects and compensates at bottom width position straight; If the average deviation k of bottom width fluctuation meets | k|≤0.3mm, at bottom width position or Huo Yaohou position, flange of rail thickness position compensate, corresponding roll gap offset K adopts following formula to determine:
Take bottom width position as compensation is during position, when k < 0, roll gap offset K=k * b+c, when k >=0, roll gap offset K=k * b-c;
Take flange of rail thickness position as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=-k * b ÷ b1,
The thick position of the waist of take is as compensation is during position, roll gap offset K=k * b ÷ b2;
In each calculating formula of roll gap offset K,
K---roll gap offset, the mm of unit;
K---the average deviation of bottom width fluctuation on distribution length l, is called for short the average deviation that bottom width fluctuates, the mm of unit;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014];
The broadening amount of c---bottom width size in follow-up rolling pass, the mm of unit, determines according to the rolling mill practice of normal rolling, (does not comprise and compensate passage) those rolling passes that complete to rolling after follow-up rolling pass refers to compensate passage;
B1---the ceofficient of spread at flange of rail thickness position is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b1 ∈ [0.2,0.3];
The pulling-down coefficient at b2---the thick position of waist is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b2 ∈ [0.05,0.10];
III, the milling train milling train by way of compensation of selecting rolling corresponding site according to compensation position, according to roll gap offset K, select n passage passage by way of compensation, roll gap offset K is dispensed to and respectively compensates passage, and, the closer to finished hole passage, the less n of absolute value of roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is the quantity of compensation passage, and n is positive integer, K1+ ... + Kn=K;
IV, the distribution length l according to the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail determine and need compensating length L, need compensating length L to determine according to the following formula, L=l ÷ a * b, in formula:
L---treat the actual compensating length that needs of roll out steel rail, the m of unit;
L---the distribution length of the elongated fluctuation of bottom width unusual part on rail during normal rolling, is called for short distribution length, the m of unit;
A---lengthening coefficient, relevant with the deflection of each passage in steel rail rolling process, establish compensation passage for pointed to the inverse j passage of finished hole by cogging, a=a1 * a2 * a3 * ... * aj, in formula, the lengthening coefficient that aj is j passage reciprocal, is the dimensionless constant definite according to rolling experience;
B---Thermal Contraction Coefficient is the dimensionless constant definite according to the rolling experience of rolling steel grade, b ∈ [1.012,1.014];
V, when roll out steel rail, at rail, need on compensating length L to determine according to roll gap compensation rate Kn the roll gap S=s-Kn at rolling position on compensation milling train, normal roll gap when wherein s is normal rolling; When reaching, need after compensating length L normal roll gap s when described roll gap S is returned to normal rolling.
2. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step III, when roll gap offset K meets | during K| > 1mm, roll gap offset K is distributed at least two compensation passages, the roll gap compensation rate Kn in single compensation passage is met | Kn|≤1mm; When roll gap offset K meets | during K|≤1mm, only in a rolling pass, complete the compensation of roll gap.
3. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: in step III, compensation milling train is the milling train before finishing mill and/or finishing mill.
4. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: after step V, carry out following steps: the sudden change situation of transitional region bottom width (F) between VI, the extremely normal rolling section of detection finished product rail compensator section.
5. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described distribution length l and the termination that needs compensating length L all to point to milling train from rail start continuous calculating.
6. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the described compensating length L >=2m that needs.
7. the elongated fluctuation control method of rail bottom width as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: each position roll-force of rolled piece is carried out to AGC control.
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| CN103252357A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-21 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Broadening rolling method with dynamic roll gap control |
| CN105537280B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-07-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Improve the supplied materials specifications control method that rail rectifys rear homogeneity of fault plane |
| CN105678037B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-11-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Improve the method for the elongated uniformity of specifications section after rail is rectified |
| CN108984485B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2022-06-17 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Method for adaptively searching steel rail specification compensation points and acquiring corresponding compensation curves |
| CN109078988B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-04-07 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Method for controlling extension coefficient of rail head bottom |
| CN109465303B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-06-23 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 | Steel rail specification full-length fluctuation compensation system |
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| CN101596554A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2009-12-09 | 燕山大学 | Cold strip rolling mill thickness control limited frequency domain feedforward compensation method based on wave function |
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