CN102600815B - Preparation method of deoxidant used for deoxidation of coalbed methane - Google Patents
Preparation method of deoxidant used for deoxidation of coalbed methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102600815B CN102600815B CN201210094671.XA CN201210094671A CN102600815B CN 102600815 B CN102600815 B CN 102600815B CN 201210094671 A CN201210094671 A CN 201210094671A CN 102600815 B CN102600815 B CN 102600815B
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Abstract
Through research, the inventor finds that the specific surface areas of partially carbonized lignite and plant straws are very large, oxygen-containing functional groups such as -OH, -COOH, -O- and C=O are distributed on the surfaces of the partially carbonized lignite and the plant straws, have extremely strong oxygen inhalation capability, and is subjected to chemical reaction with the oxygen to generate carbon oxide easily. Based on the research result, the invention develops a preparation method of a deoxidant used for deoxidation of coalbed methane, and the method comprises the following main steps: preparing the plant straws into carbonization powders; crushing lignite or long flame coal, screening to obtain pulverized coal and lump coal, then mixing the pulverized coal or the lump coal according to the proportion being (0.3-0.5):10 (wt%), adding polyvinyl alcohol binder solution or sodium dodecyl sulfate binder solution, mixing uniformly to prepare master batch; arranging the master batch into a carbonization furnace, increasing the temperature according to the program, cooling to the room temperature under the oxygen-free condition, and crushing and screening the master batch to obtain the deoxidant. The deoxidant provided by the invention is used for draining air for deoxidation for the coalbed, is moderate in reaction condition, remarkable in deoxidation effect, and is safe, energy-saving and environment-friendly coalbed methane deoxidant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with a kind of preparation method of deoxidier, particularly a kind of method of utilizing straw and brown coal or jet coal to prepare coal bed gas deoxidation agent.
Background technology
Coal bed gas is commonly called as " gas ", and its main component is methane (CH
4), be a kind of unconventional natural gas of coal association.The coal bed gas of exploiting out has three kinds: a kind of is ground drilling extraction gas production, and in its coal bed gas, methane content is higher, is everlasting more than 90%, and all the other are nitrogen; Another kind is the coal bed gas of bank and goaf extraction---down-hole extraction coal bed gas, and also referred to as coal seam extraction gas, its methane concentration is between 20 ~ 80%, and oxygen content is between 4.2% ~ 16.8%, and all the other are nitrogen; The third is the coal bed gas in the extraction of coal mining gat---mine air-lack coal bed gas, and the ventilation air gas that is otherwise known as, its methane content is conventionally below 1%, and all the other are air.
In coal seam extraction gas, contain O
2, meet Mars or the high temperature heat source accident of easily blasting.If it is directly discharged in atmosphere, its greenhouse effects are about carbon dioxide (CO
2) 21 times, extremely strong to environmental destruction, and waste resource.Therefore, utilize scientifically and rationally the coal seam extraction gas while mining, not only ensure safety, avoid causing environmental disruption, but also can save the clean energy resource of a large amount of preciousnesses.
The key of cbm development utilization is to remove oxygen wherein, and existing coal bed gas deoxidation technology mainly contains cryogenic rectification partition method, catalytic deoxidation method, coke combustion method, biomass carbon low-temperature deoxidation method etc.Cryogenic rectification separating technology adopts cryogenic rectification and fractionation measure can realize the object of the methane of purifying from coalbed methane containing oxygen.But this technology needs pressurized treatments in concentrated purification process, has serious potential safety hazard in pressure process, in addition, the explosion limit scope of the waste gas of discharge in methane, these are on the hazard safety in production.
CN 1495247A disclosed " the catalytic combustion deoxidization process of coal mine mash gas for methanol " belongs to catalytic deoxidation method.The method using after the methane concentration in coal mine mash gas as the raw material of methanol production.Before methane concentration operation, make coal mine mash gas carry out catalytic combustion deoxidation through catalyst, the oxygen concentration after deoxidation in gas product is less than 1%, then after recuperation of heat-cooling-water separation, enters methane concentration treatment process again.The method is used the noble metals such as Pt or Pd as catalyst.The advantage of this catalyst is that catalytic activity is high, and reaction temperature is low, and the oxygen content in deoxidation gas product is low.Weak point is: 1. the essence of the method is methane and the oxygen generation combustion reaction in coal bed gas, though can remove oxygen, has lost a large amount of methane; 2. reaction is used catalyst Pt or Pd are expensive, and cost is high; 3. the sulfide containing in coal bed gas can cause catalyst poisoning.
CN 1919986A disclosed " a kind of coal bed gas coke deoxidization technique " belongs to the deoxidation of coke combustion method.Its principle is by the oxygen generation combustion reaction in coke and coal bed gas, reaches the object that removes oxygen, and main reaction is as follows:
C+O
2→CO
2
2C+O
2→2CO
CH
4+2O
2→CO
2+2H
2O
The method reaction temperature is at 600 ℃ ~ 1000 ℃, if too high oxygen level in the raw material coal bed gas before reaction, can cause deoxygenation temperature to continue to raise, therefore, at high temperature, methane is except meeting generation combustion reaction, also can there is cracking reaction, cracking has increased the loss amount of methane, therefore when the oxygen content of only having requirement to enter reacting gas in deoxidation reactor is 5 ~ 9%, just have good deoxidation effect.In addition, the method consumes coke resource valuable and high price, and cost is higher.
CN 102161924 A disclosed " a kind of biomass carbon low-temperature deoxidation method for coalbed methane " belong to the deoxidation of biomass carbon low-temperature deoxidation method.It is characterized in that coal bed gas with 150 ~ 250M
3the flow velocity of/HR is by biomass carbon reactor, and coal bed gas is 350 ~ 600 ℃ in temperature, carries out deoxygenation under the condition that pressure is 0.157 ~ 0.307MPa; The biomass carbon reactant of this technique consists of biomass carbon, positive catalyst and anticatalyst, and its mass ratio is 1:0.02 ~ 0.04:0.06 ~ 0.14.Its positive catalyst is the alkali metal oxide mixture of one or more arbitrary proportion, positive catalyst is magnesia or calcium oxide or the weight ratio magnesia that is 1:3 ~ 4 and the mixture of calcium oxide, and its negative metallic catalyst is that weight ratio is the borax of 2 ~ 3:1 and the mixture of chromite.The method has advantages of that operating temperature is low and methane loss late is low.But the method is carried out under catalytic condition, need add positive catalyst and anticatalyst, operating process is complicated, and does not reclaim catalyst, and catalyst cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in existing coal bed gas deoxidation technology, methane loss late is higher, operating process is complicated and have the problems such as potential safety hazard, and a kind of deoxidier preparation method for coal bed gas deoxidation is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of deoxidier preparation method for coal bed gas deoxidation, and described in it, method follows these steps to carry out:
(1) straw is broken and be placed in biomass carbonization stove, with the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, be warmed up to 330 ~ 430 ℃, constant temperature 0.5 ~ 3.5hr, destructive distillation, cooling, after pulverizing, make the carbonization power that particle diameter is 0.1mm;
(2) in water, add binding agent polyvinyl alcohol or dodecyl sodium sulfate, make the binder solution that concentration is 1 ~ 5mol/L;
(3) will after brown coal or jet coal pulverizing, make the fine coal of particle diameter <3mm and the lump coal of > 10mm;
(4) fine coal that carbonization power above-mentioned steps (1) being made and step (3) make is by 0.3 ~ 0.5
:ratio 10(wt%) mixes, then the binder solution 5 ~ 15 (wt%) that adds above-mentioned steps (2) to make, and stirs, and at the forming under the pressure of 20 ~ 40KN, makes column masterbatch; Or the lump coal sample that the carbonization power that step (1) is made and step (3) make is in 0.3 ~ 0.5: ratio 10(wt%) is mixed, and adds 3 ~ 10%(wt%) binder solution, stir, be dried to masterbatch;
(5) masterbatch above-mentioned steps (4) being made is placed in the retort of reducing atmosphere, with the heating rate of 1 ℃ ~ 20 ℃/min, is heated to 500 ~ 700 ℃, constant temperature 0.5 ~ 1.5hr;
(6) by the masterbatch after above-mentioned steps (5) charing, cool to room temperature under oxygen free condition;
(7) by the cooled masterbatch of above-mentioned steps (6), crushing and screening becomes the deoxidier of various granularities, for the coal bed gas deoxidation of fixed bed or fluid bed.
In such scheme of the present invention, described straw is a kind of in maize straw, broomcorn straw and soybean stalk; Dry ash free basis total oxygen in its obtained deoxidier: 12.0 ~ 16.0(wt%); Phosphorus content: >83.5(wt%); Fugitive constituent: 15.0 ~ 19.0(wt%); The active component Shi You organic oxygen-containing functional group of its obtained deoxidier and alkalinous metal material form; Described in it, organic oxygen-containing functional group is hydroxyl (OH), ehter bond (O-), carbonyl (C=O) and carboxyl (COOH); Dry ash free basis oxygen content is respectively in described hydroxyl (C-OH), ehter bond (O), carbonyl (C=O) and carboxyl (COOH): 6.97 ~ 9.28(wt%), 2.23 ~ 2.98(wt%), 0.33 ~ 0.44(wt%) and 2.47 ~ 3.30(wt%); Described in it, alkaline metal oxide is a kind of in calcium oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena.
In the prepared deoxidier of said method of the present invention, dry ash free basis oxygen content is up to 12 ~ 16(wt%), and most of form with oxygen-containing functional group exists, oxygen-containing functional group be take hydroxyl (OH) as main, next is carboxyl (COOH), ehter bond (O-), with carbonyl (C=O) content is less, the oxygen effect generation chemical reaction of the stronger functional group of these reactivities easily and in coal bed gas.Experimental study shows, the pore structure very complex of deoxidier, has very large surface area, and the described oxygen-containing functional group that distributing, and these oxygen-containing functional groups have the ability of very strong adsorption of oxygen.In adsorption process, the oxygen being first adsorbed and above-mentioned oxygen-containing functional group are activated in collision close to each other, form activated camplex (transition state), and then chemical reaction occurs, and generate carbon dioxide.Based on this achievement in research, the present invention proposes rich oxygen content deoxidier and preparation method thereof.
The preparation method of a kind of coal bed gas deoxidation agent provided by the present invention, compared with prior art, the inventive method be take straw and brown coal or jet coal as raw material, utilize the methods such as destructive distillation, extrusion forming to make deoxidier, the deoxidier making by described method carries out deoxygenation under cryogenic conditions, deoxidation energy consumption is low, and deoxidation effect is remarkable, and methane loss late is low.The preparation flow of deoxidier of the present invention is short, simple to operate, is applicable to the oxygen-containing coal bed gas deoxidation reaction of fixed bed or fluid bed.
The specific embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated:
Embodiment 1
The preparation method who implements a kind of deoxidier for coal bed gas deoxidation provided by the present invention is as follows:
Step 1, with pulverizer, cornstalk crushing is arrived to 30mm, be placed in gas retort, heating rate with 10 ℃/min is warmed up to 400 ℃, constant temperature destructive distillation 1.5hr, in this process to corn stalk be dried, dehydration, pyrolytic reaction, after cooling, obtain carbonized material, for the fine coal surface that carbonized material can be evenly distributed on, increase the oxygen content of deoxidier, after being pulverized, carbonized material makes the carbonization power that particle diameter is 0.1mm;
Step 2 adds binding agent polyvinyl alcohol in water, makes the binder solution that concentration is 3mol/L, and the binder solution of this concentration can be bonded together carbonization power and fine coal effectively, and with low cost;
Step 3, brown coal or jet coal pulverizing are made to the fine coal that particle diameter is 3mm, the fine coal of this granularity and carbonization power are easier to form globular solids under the effect of binder solution, and the deoxidier making has higher density, has certain pore structure and specific area;
Step 4, by carbonization power and fine coal in 0.3:10(wt%) ratio mix, then add 10(wt%) binder solution, stir, at the forming under the pressure of 40KN, be processed into column masterbatch, make the deoxidier crackle that makes few, intensity is high, and oxygen content is high;
Step 5, above-mentioned column masterbatch is placed in to the retort of reducing atmosphere, heating rate with 15 ℃/min is heated to 600 ℃, constant temperature 2hr, in heating process, masterbatch generation pyrolytic reaction, separates out fugitive constituent, tar and water, in order to prevent deoxidier generation combustion reaction, charcoal and lip-deep oxygen in loss deoxidier, after above-mentioned high temperature column masterbatch need being taken out from high temperature furnace, cool to room temperature under the condition of isolated air anaerobic;
Step 6, by the cooling rear fragmentation of above-mentioned high temperature column masterbatch, screening, makes deoxidier, and obtained deoxidier has certain density and deoxidation characteristic, for being fixed the coal bed gas deoxidation reaction of a deoxidation reactor.
The deoxidier that adopts said method to make is normal pressure at deoxygenation pressure; Deoxygenation temperature is 280 ℃; Reaction time is 30min; Deoxygenation gas space velocity is 4000h
-1condition under, to what mix rear unstripped gas, consist of (vol%): O
213.23, N
259.66, CH
427.11(adopts the glad gas chromatograph analysis in GC950 sea to measure, and the composition of following examples Raw gas is Instrument measuring thus all), after deoxidation, product gas consists of (vol%): CH
427.08, O
20.10, N
259.66, CO
213.06(adopts the analysis of GC-950TCD gas chromatograph to measure, the equal Instrument measuring thus of the composition of gas product after deoxidation in following examples).
From this experimental data, can find out, take unstripped gas 100ml as benchmark, methane content 27.11ml before deoxidation, oxygen content 13.23ml, methane content 27.08ml after deoxidation, oxygen content 0.10ml, as calculated, deoxidation rate is 99.24%, methane loss late is only 0.11%.
Embodiment 2
Preparation technology is as follows for the present embodiment deoxidier:
Step 1, pulverizes 30mm by soybean straws, and is placed in biomass carbonization stove, with the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, is warmed up to 400 ℃, constant temperature destructive distillation 1.5hr, cooling after, pulverize the carbonization power that makes particle diameter 0.1mm;
Step 2 adds binding agent polyvinyl alcohol in water, and making concentration is 3mol/L binder solution;
Step 3, makes by brown coal or jet coal pulverizing the fine coal that particle diameter is 3mm;
Step 4, by carbonization power and fine coal in 0.5:10(wt%) ratio mixes, then adds 10(wt%) and binder solution, stir, at the forming under the pressure of 40KN, be processed into column masterbatch;
Step 5, is placed in above-mentioned column masterbatch the retort of reducing atmosphere, with the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, is heated to 600 ℃, constant temperature 2hr, then after above-mentioned high temperature column masterbatch is taken out from high temperature furnace, cool to room temperature under the condition of isolated air anaerobic;
Step 6, by the cooling rear fragmentation of above-mentioned high temperature column masterbatch, screening, makes deoxidier, for the coal bed gas deoxidation reaction of fixed bed deoxidation reactor.
Adopting the deoxidier that above-mentioned flow process makes is normal pressure at deoxygenation pressure; Deoxygenation temperature is 280 ℃; Reaction time is 30min; Deoxygenation gas space velocity is 4000h
-1condition under carry out deoxygenation, after mixing, unstripped gas consists of (vol%): O
212.34, N
261.63, CH
426.03; After deoxidation, product gas consists of (vol%): CH
425.97, O
20.15, N
259.66, CO
214.22.
From this experimental data, can find out, take unstripped gas 100ml as benchmark, methane content 26.03ml before deoxidation, oxygen content 12.34ml, methane content 25.97ml after deoxidation, oxygen content 0.15ml, as calculated, deoxidation rate is 98.78%, methane loss late is only 0.23%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment deoxidier preparation flow is as follows:
Step 1, to 30mm, and is placed in biomass carbonization stove by cornstalk crushing, with the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, is warmed up to 400 ℃, constant temperature destructive distillation 1.5hr, cooling after, pulverize the carbonization power that makes particle diameter 0.1mm;
Step 2 adds binding agent polyvinyl alcohol in water, and making concentration is 3mol/L binder solution;
Step 3, makes by brown coal or jet coal pulverizing the lump coal that particle diameter is 20mm;
Step 4, by carbonization power and lump coal in 0.3:10(wt%) ratio mixes, then adds 3(wt%) and binder solution, stir, be processed into block masterbatch;
Step 5, is placed in above-mentioned block masterbatch the retort of reducing atmosphere, with the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, is heated to 600 ℃, constant temperature 2hr, then after the block masterbatch of above-mentioned high temperature is taken out from high temperature furnace, cool to room temperature under the condition that completely cuts off air anaerobic;
Step 6, by the cooling rear fragmentation of the block masterbatch of above-mentioned high temperature, screening, makes deoxidier, for the coal bed gas deoxidation reaction of fixed bed deoxidation reactor.
Adopting the deoxidier that above-mentioned flow process makes is normal pressure at deoxygenation pressure; Deoxygenation temperature is 280 ℃; Reaction time is 30min; Deoxygenation gas space velocity is 4000h
-1condition under carry out deoxygenation, after mixing, unstripped gas consists of (vol%): O
212.64, N
261.73, CH
425.63; The composition of product gas (vol%): CH after deoxidation
425.56, O
20.14, N
261.73, CO
212.57;
From this experimental data, can find out, take unstripped gas 100ml as benchmark, methane content 25.63ml before deoxidation, oxygen content 12.64ml, methane content 25.56ml after deoxidation, oxygen content 0.14ml, as calculated, deoxidation rate is 98.89%, methane loss late is only 0.27%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment deoxidier preparation flow is as follows:
Step 1, is crushed to 30mm by kaoliang stalk, and is placed in biomass carbonization stove, with the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, is warmed up to 400 ℃, constant temperature destructive distillation 1.5hr, cooling after, pulverize the carbonization power that makes particle diameter 0.1mm;
Step 2 adds binding agent polyvinyl alcohol in water, and making concentration is 3mol/L binder solution;
Step 3, makes by brown coal or jet coal pulverizing the lump coal that particle diameter is 20mm;
Step 4, by carbonization power and lump coal in 0.5:10(wt%) ratio mixes, then adds 5(wt%) and binder solution, stir, be processed into block masterbatch;
Step 5, is placed in above-mentioned block masterbatch the retort of reducing atmosphere, with the heating rate of 15 ℃/min, is heated to 600 ℃, constant temperature 2hr, then after the block masterbatch of above-mentioned high temperature is taken out from high temperature furnace, cool to room temperature under the condition that completely cuts off air anaerobic;
Step 6, by the cooling rear fragmentation of the block masterbatch of above-mentioned high temperature, screening, makes deoxidier, for the deoxygenation of the coal bed gas of fixed bed deoxidation reactor.
Adopting the deoxidier that above-mentioned flow process makes is normal pressure at deoxygenation pressure; Deoxygenation temperature is 280 ℃; Reaction time is 30min; Deoxygenation gas space velocity is 4000h
-1condition under carry out deoxygenation, after mixing, unstripped gas consists of (vol%): O
213.39, N
260.46, CH
426.15; The composition of product gas (vol%): CH after deoxidation
426.08, O
20.18, N
260.46, CO
213.28;
From this experimental data, can find out, take unstripped gas 100ml as benchmark, methane content 26.15ml before deoxidation, oxygen content 13.39ml, methane content 26.08ml after deoxidation, oxygen content 0.18ml, as calculated, deoxidation rate is 98.66%, methane loss late is only 0.27%.
In total oxygen in the various embodiments described above deoxidier, phosphorus content, fugitive constituent Ji Ge functional group oxygen content by (wt%) as following table 1:
Table 1
Note: 1. oxygen content, phosphorus content, fugitive constituent be take dry ash free basis as benchmark;
2. each oxygen-containing functional group obtains assay method:
A hydroxyl: by coal sample and Ba (OH)
2after solution reaction, the latter can react with carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl group, thereby records acidic groups mass contg, then deducts carboxyl-content and obtain content of phenolic hydroxyl groups.
B ehter bond: coal sample is hydrolyzed with HI, then measures the iodine that the OH base that increases in coal or mensuration are combined with coal.
C carbonyl: by coal sample and phenylhydrazine solution reaction, excessive phenylhydrazine solution can be used film solution oxide, measures N
2volume can calculate the phenylhydrazine amount with carbonyl reaction.
D carboxyl: coal sample is reacted to the acetic acid then generating with standard alkali solution titration with calcium acetate.
3. phosphorus content records according to the assay method of GB GB3715-91 regulation;
4. fugitive constituent records according to the assay method of GB GB212-91 regulation;
5. deoxidier 1,2,3,4 is respectively deoxidier used in each embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. for a deoxidier preparation method for coal bed gas deoxidation, described in it, method follows these steps to carry out:
(1) straw is broken and be placed in biomass carbonization stove, with the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, be warmed up to 330 ~ 430 ℃, constant temperature 0.5 ~ 3.5hr, destructive distillation, cooling, after pulverizing, make the carbonization power that particle diameter is 0.1mm;
(2) in water, add binding agent polyvinyl alcohol, make the binder solution that concentration is 1 ~ 5 mol/L;
(3) will after brown coal or jet coal pulverizing, make the fine coal of particle diameter <3mm and the lump coal of > 10mm;
(4) fine coal that carbonization power above-mentioned steps (1) being made and step (3) make is by (0.3 ~ 0.5)
:10 part by weight mixes, then the binder solution that adds the above-mentioned steps (2) of 5 ~ 15wt% to make, and stirs, and at the forming under the pressure of 20 ~ 40KN, makes column masterbatch; Or the lump coal that makes of the carbonization power that step (1) is made and step (3) is by (0.3 ~ 0.5): 10 part by weight mixes, and adds the binder solution of 3wt%, stirs, and is dried to masterbatch;
(5) masterbatch above-mentioned steps (4) being made is placed in the retort of reducing atmosphere, with the heating rate of 1 ℃ ~ 20 ℃/min, is heated to 500 ~ 700 ℃, constant temperature 0.5 ~ 1.5hr;
(6) by the masterbatch after above-mentioned steps (5) charing, cool to room temperature under oxygen free condition;
(7) by the cooled masterbatch of above-mentioned steps (6), crushing and screening becomes the deoxidier of various granularities;
Dry ash free basis total oxygen: 12.0 ~ 16.0wt% in the prepared deoxidier of above-mentioned steps (7); Phosphorus content: >83.5wt%; Fugitive constituent: 15.0 ~ 19.0wt%;
Active component in the prepared deoxidier of above-mentioned steps (7) consists of organic oxygen-containing functional group and alkaline metal oxide; Wherein:
Described organic oxygen-containing functional group is hydroxyl, ehter bond, carbonyl and carboxyl.
2. deoxidier preparation method as claimed in claim 1, described in it, straw is a kind of in maize straw, broomcorn straw and soybean stalk.
3. deoxidier preparation method as claimed in claim 1, described in it, alkaline metal oxide is a kind of in calcium oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena.
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| CN107419060A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-12-01 | 常州莱尚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of deoxidant for steelmaking and preparation method thereof |
| CN107934914B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-25 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of coal bed gas deoxidation device for producing hydrogen and technique |
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| CN1919986A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-02-28 | 西南化工研究设计院 | Coal bed gas coke deoxidization technique |
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Inventor after: Dong Dongliu Inventor after: Zhang Yongfa Inventor after: Li Xianglan Inventor after: Zhang Guojie Inventor after: Xu Ying Inventor before: Zhang Yongfa Inventor before: Li Xianglan Inventor before: Dong Dongliu Inventor before: Zhang Guojie Inventor before: Xu Ying |
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Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: ZHANG YONGFA LI XIANGLAN DONG DONGLIU ZHANG GUOJIE XU YING TO: DONG DONGLIU ZHANG YONGFA LI XIANGLAN ZHANG GUOJIE XU YING |
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Granted publication date: 20140129 Termination date: 20170331 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |