CN102590120A - Extensible real-time optical fiber gas sensing system - Google Patents
Extensible real-time optical fiber gas sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590120A CN102590120A CN2012100598675A CN201210059867A CN102590120A CN 102590120 A CN102590120 A CN 102590120A CN 2012100598675 A CN2012100598675 A CN 2012100598675A CN 201210059867 A CN201210059867 A CN 201210059867A CN 102590120 A CN102590120 A CN 102590120A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an extensible real-time optical fiber gas sensing system which is technically characterized by comprising an extensible optical fiber gas sensing network, an optical fiber light wavelength division multiplexing separator, a photoelectric receiving system and a sensing signal analyzing processing system, wherein an output port of the extensible optical fiber gas sensing network is connected to an input port of the optical fiber light wavelength division multiplexing separator; an output port of the optical fiber light wavelength division multiplexing separator is connected to an input port of the photoelectric receiving system; and an output port of the photoelectric receiving system is connected to the sensing signal analyzing processing system. The extensible real-time optical fiber gas sensing system has the characteristics of easy extension, wide application range, low cost, easy installation and production and the like, and meets the application demands of real-time monitoring of various gases in a large-distance and large-range manner.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectric field, especially a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands.
Background technology
The electronic gas sensing system can be the voltage or the magnitude of current with the concentration and the change transitions thereof of all gases, and its technological comparative maturity also has a wide range of applications.But; Carry out in transmission of remote recording signal and the systems such as sensing measurement of controlling or security alarm at needs; The transmission system of electronic gas sensor often receives the interference of external environments such as electromagnetism easily, and simultaneously, traditional sensing system also is difficult to constitute sensing network.Development along with all kinds of laser technique; Promoted the fast development of laser gas sensor-based system greatly; Laser gas sensor have speed fast with characteristics such as test is accurate, and, fiber optics, optical-fibre communications and many technology in optical-fibre communications; Particularly resemble the high density light WDM technology, begin to be applied to all kinds of sensor-based systems.The major advantage of laser gas sensor-based system is anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) of ability and humidity, corrosion-resistant, in light weight etc., and, the transmission that is easy to form sensing network He carries out the remote recording signal.The shortcoming that the laser gas sensor-based system exists is: laser gas sensor and signal processing system are somewhat expensive; The corresponding laser gas sensor of the lower or very difficult making of the measuring accuracy of some gas concentration is gone test; Therefore, to be far from traditional electronic sensor system extensive in the Application in Sensing field of existing laser gas sensor and system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of antijamming capability strong, be fit to remote and be easy to form the real-time optical fiber gas sensing of expanding of sensing network system.
The present invention solves existing technical matters and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands comprises that one can be expanded optical fiber gas sensing network, a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel, a photoelectric receiving system and a transducing signal analysis process system; The described output port of expanding the optical fiber gas sensing network is connected to the input port of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel; The output port of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is connected to the input port of photoelectric receiving system; The output port of described photoelectric receiving system is connected to the transducing signal analysis process system.
And described input port and the output port of expanding optical fiber gas sensing network, fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel and photoelectric receiving system is band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber interface, and melts welding or joints of optical fibre connection through the electric arc of single-mode fiber.
And, but the described electric light sensing network of expanding comprises one or more expanded laser light gas sensors.
And; But described expanded laser light gas sensor comprises a Distributed Feedback Laser, a gas sample chamber and a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor; The output center wavelength of described Distributed Feedback Laser is identical with the absorbing wavelength of the light of the gas of required sensing testing; Its output port passes through collimation lens coupling output and sees through gas sample chamber entering fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor, and exports from the output port of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor.
And; Described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor is connected and composed by a multilayer dielectric film light filter plate, a collimation lens, a glass tube, the output port of a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber and the input port of a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber; The collimated light beam that sees through multilayer dielectric film light filter plate is focused the single-mode fiber that is coupled to output port;, focus on and be coupled on the single-mode fiber of output port by the collimation lens collimation and by after the reflection of multilayer dielectric film light filter plate from the light beam of the single-mode fiber of ECP Extended Capabilities Port input through collimation lens.
And described Distributed Feedback Laser Output optical power is greater than 1 milliwatt, and it is output as narrow-band spectrum, and the spectral range of its FWHM is less than 100MHz.
And described gas sample chamber is processed by metal material, glass material or plastic material.
And described multilayer dielectric film light filter plate is a kind of narrow band filter, or a kind of optical waveguide; Described collimation lens is a kind of optical lens of graded index or a kind of C type lens of mold pressing.
And; Described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is for can expand fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel; This can be expanded fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel and comprise an input port and a plurality of output port, and its output port number is identical with number of sensors in can expanding the optical fiber gas sensing network.
And the centre of homology wavelength of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is identical with the gas absorption centre wavelength of want sensing testing; The transmission spectrum bandwidth of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is less than the spacing of the centre wavelength of adjacent two sensors; The optical wavelength responding range of described photoelectric receiving system with can expand the optical fiber gas sensing network in employed laser wavelength scope identical.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
The present invention is reasonable in design; Laser gas sensor and fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex technique (WDM) commonly used in the optical-fibre communications are combined; Each sensor in the system adopts independently Distributed Feedback Laser as light source; And the transducing signal of a plurality of different wave lengths separated through fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel; Make the signal of each sensing channel can access real-time processing, have be easy to expand, be widely used, cost is low, be easy to install and characteristics such as production, has satisfied reaching the application need to the real-time monitoring of multiple gases at a distance, on a large scale.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of a Distributed Feedback Laser;
Fig. 2 is the output spectrum synoptic diagram of Distributed Feedback Laser;
Fig. 3-1 is the synoptic diagram of a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor;
Fig. 3-2 is synoptic diagram of the fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor of a simplification;
Fig. 4 is the optical wavelength transmitance synoptic diagram of a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of two adjacent channel incident light waves;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of an extendible laser gas sensor;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of an extendible optical fiber gas sensing network;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of the extendible optical fiber gas sensing network of a simplification;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of one four channel optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel
Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram of an extendible real-time optical fiber gas sensing system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is done further detailed description.
Fig. 1 has provided the synoptic diagram of the Distributed Feedback Laser 2 of a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber.The output of Distributed Feedback Laser 2 is through collimation lens output collimated laser beam 4.The output spectrum coverage rate of Distributed Feedback Laser is very big.The output light wavelength that is widely used in this type Distributed Feedback Laser in fields such as optical-fibre communications can be in the wavelength coverage of optical-fibre communications C-band (being about the 1520-1570 nanometer wavelength range) or L-band (being about the 1570-1610 nanometer), and Output optical power can reach several watts.Its output light wavelength can also be 1310 nanometers, 1480 nanometers etc.Among the present invention, the selection of Distributed Feedback Laser 2 output wavelengths depend on the center absorbing wavelength of gas of the sensing of wanting and test.The output spectrum of Distributed Feedback Laser 2, as shown in Figure 2, the output spectrum of Distributed Feedback Laser 2 is very narrow, and the FWHM of light frequency can accomplish less than 1 megahertz.
Fig. 3-1 has provided the synoptic diagram of a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15, and this fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 is made up of input port 14 and a glass tube 10 of the output port of the logical optical filter of band 7, light beam collimation lens 8, a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber 12, a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber.Glass tubule 10 is used for fixing two optical fiber of input port 14 and output port, and the logical optical filter 7 of band fits together with light beam collimation lens 8 and glass tubule 10.Fig. 3-the 2nd, the synoptic diagram of the fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor of simplifying 15.Generally in industry, with certain together, also can adopt the package technique of no glue on the light path to the transparent glue bond of required transmission peak wavelength.
The principle of work of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 is following: a branch of centre wavelength is that the collimated laser beam of λ i goes into to inject optical filter 7 with vertical or subvertical angle; After seeing through wave filter 7,, export behind the single-mode fiber of entering output port 12 by lens 8 after focusing on.A branch of centre wavelength be λ j laser beam by port one 4 behind lens 8 collimations, by optical filter 7 reflection, after lens 8 focus on the single-mode fiber of back entering output port 12, export again.Therefore, there are two intrafascicular cardiac wave length to be respectively the light wave of λ i and λ j in the output port 12.Realize above-mentioned functions, key needs the central wavelength lambda i of two-beam and λ j that certain wavelength separation delta λ (referring to Fig. 5) must be arranged.Influence each other in order to prevent that λ i and λ j two-beam from causing through fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 time, Δ λ is greater than the transmission bandwidth of transmitted light frequency spectrum 16.And the central wavelength lambda i of light and λ j will decide according to the center absorbing wavelength of the gas of want sensing testing.Usually, fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 can not change the frequency spectrum of input light, but luminous power has certain loss, generally should be lower than 0.5dB.Utilize fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 easily the multichannel light signal to be coupled in the simple optical fiber.The output of employing Distributed Feedback Laser can make up optical fiber sensing network easily and realize remote sensing demand as the light source and the fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor of sensor.
Fig. 4 has provided transmitted light frequency spectrum 16 synoptic diagram of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15.In the figure, the central homology wavelength is λ i.All kinds of different application are depended in the selection of the bandwidth of transmitted light frequency spectrum 16.Like the intensive fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor (DWDM) that 200GHz, 100GHz and 50GHz are arranged commonly used in optical-fibre communications; The light frequency interval delta f of two channels is respectively 200GHz, 100GHz and 50GHz, or optical wavelength interval delta λ (as shown in Figure 5) is about respectively: 1.6 nanometers, 0.8 nanometer and 0.4 nanometer.It is about that the transmission bandwidth of the device of above-mentioned three kinds of specifications is respectively: 0.4 nanometer, 0.2 nanometer and 0.1 nanometer.Also depend on the Distributed Feedback Laser output light wavelength stability that adopted and the cross influence in optical frequency road for the requirement of transmission bandwidth.Among the present invention, sensor is based on the absorption of gas to light, and therefore, the degree of accuracy of Distributed Feedback Laser output light wavelength directly influences sensing accuracy with stability.To the selection of the transmitted light frequency spectrum of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 and central homology wavelength also according to different application requirements.Among the present invention, the centre wavelength of transmitted light frequency spectrum 16 mainly is decide to the absorbent core wavelength of the gas that needs sensing, and transmission bandwidth mainly is to consider when the structure optical fiber sensing network and the influencing each other of the transmission spectrum of neighboring sensors.
Describe respectively in the face of each ingredient of the present invention down:
Fig. 6 has provided the synoptic diagram of an extendible laser gas sensor 23.This laser gas sensor 23 comprises a Distributed Feedback Laser 2, a gas sample chamber 22 (the center absorbing wavelength of supposing the gas to be measured in the gas sample chamber 22 is λ i) and a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15.After seeing through gas sample chamber 22 by the collimated light beam 4 of Distributed Feedback Laser 2 output, get into fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 backs by output port 12 outputs.Input port 14 is ECP Extended Capabilities Ports, is used for being connected to next sensor.Because the absorption of gas, the light beam of output port 12 outputs will weaken than the light of light beam 4, and the degree that weakens depends primarily on the concentration of gas.Usually, the absorbed extent of the luminous power of light beam 4 is directly proportional with the concentration of gas.In laser gas sensor 23, also can there be some other optical losss, like coupling loss and insertion loss etc.These optical losss need compensate through the calibration of sensor, to improve the sensing degree of accuracy of sensor.
If change above-mentioned center light frequency with gas sensor 23 output light of monochromatic light channel wavelength, can form a new laser gas sensor, can have two and two laser sensing networks with laser sensor 23 formations with upper sensor.
Sensing network with four sensors is described further below.
Fig. 7 has provided an extendible synoptic diagram with optical fiber gas sensing network 51 of four sensors.This optical fiber gas sensing network 51 comprises that four output center wavelengths are λ i, λ j, the Distributed Feedback Laser 2,24,34 and 44 of λ k and λ l, the absorbing wavelength of four kinds of gas with various in corresponding respectively four gas sample chambers 22,26,36 and 46; It is λ i, λ j, λ k and λ l that four fiber optic, light wavelength- division multiplex compositors 15,28,38 and 48 have centre of homology wavelength respectively, and the port one 4 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 is connected with the port 30 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 28; The port 32 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 28 is connected with the port 40 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 38; The port 42 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 38 is connected with the port 49 of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 48.Through making up such sensing network, comprised that at output port 12 places the center light wavelength is λ i, λ j, λ k and four signals from different sensors of λ l.Above-mentioned each port generally can connect through the arclight welding or through the joints of optical fibre owing to be single-mode fiber all.The transmission bandwidth that the connection optical loss of above-mentioned two kinds of methods of attachment generally is about 0.1dB. fiber optic, light wavelength- division multiplex compositor 15,28,38 and 48 is less than the interval of adjacent two laser center wavelengths.Among the figure, port one 2 and 50 is respectively the output port and the ECP Extended Capabilities Port of optical fiber gas sensing network 51.
It should be noted that: the light of λ j, λ k and λ l is owing to repeatedly reflect, and the loss of luminous power is bigger than the optical power loss of λ i.So the optical power loss in sensing network 51 of the luminous power of four channel incident lights is followed successively by from small to large: λ i, λ j, λ k and λ l.This is one of principal element of the extendible total sensing channel number of restriction.
For the ease of explanation, can extendible four channels of Fig. 7 can be expanded the block diagram that is simplified to of optical fiber sensing network 51, as shown in Figure 8.
In order to make that can expand optical fiber sensing network 51 can realize real-time sensing monitoring, needing the optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel of one four channel is four light transducing signal separate processes of λ i, λ j, λ k and λ l with the center light wavelength.
Fig. 9 has provided the synoptic diagram of one four channel optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54.This optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54 comprises an input port 52, four output ports 56,58,60 and 62.The principle of work of this optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54 is following: after the light wave that four centre wavelength is λ i, λ j, λ k and λ l is input to input port 52; After seeing through optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54, above-mentioned four light signal λ i, λ j, λ k and λ l are respectively in output port 56,58,60 and 62 outputs.The optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel commonly used in optical-fibre communications of standard has 200GHz, the high-density optical-fiber wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel of 100GHz and 50GHz.Owing to the present invention relates to gas sensing, the center absorbing wavelength of gas has determined the centre wavelength in each optical frequency road in needed fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor 15 and the optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54.This is the optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel used among the present invention and the different place of in optical-fibre communications, using always of this type device of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor and standard.The technology that makes up optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54 has technology such as multilayer dielectric film and optical waveguide.
In the face of constituting, system of the present invention describes down:
Figure 10 has provided the synoptic diagram that can expand real-time optical fiber gas sensing system 67.This can be expanded real-time optical fiber gas sensing system 67 and comprise that but gas expanded sensing network 51, optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54, photoelectric receiving system 64 and transducing signal analysis process system 66 thereof form.Port 50 is ECP Extended Capabilities Ports of system 67.But the output port 12 of gas expanded sensing network 51 is connected to the input port 52 of optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54, by the light signal of the output port of optical fibre wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel 54 output through being coupling-connected to photoelectric receiving system 64.But transducing signal analysis process system 66 can adjust according to the number of sensors in the gas expanded sensing network, makes the light signal of each sensor can access individual processing.Can expand real-time optical fiber gas sensing system 67 like this can realize real-time sensing and can under the situation that does not change existing sensing network, carry out the expansion or the minimizing of one or more sensors.
It is emphasized that; Embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; Rather than it is determinate; Therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in the embodiment, and every other embodiments that drawn by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention belong to the scope that the present invention protects equally.
Claims (10)
1. can expand real-time optical fiber gas sensing system for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise that one can be expanded optical fiber gas sensing network, a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel, a photoelectric receiving system and a transducing signal analysis process system; The described output port of expanding the optical fiber gas sensing network is connected to the input port of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel; The output port of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is connected to the input port of photoelectric receiving system; The output port of described photoelectric receiving system is connected to the transducing signal analysis process system.
2. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described input port and the output port of expanding optical fiber gas sensing network, fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel and photoelectric receiving system is band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber interface, and melts welding or joints of optical fibre connection through the electric arc of single-mode fiber.
3. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: but the described electric light sensing network of expanding comprises one or more expanded laser light gas sensors.
4. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: but described expanded laser light gas sensor comprises a Distributed Feedback Laser, a gas sample chamber and a fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor; The output center wavelength of described Distributed Feedback Laser is identical with the absorbing wavelength of the light of the gas of required sensing testing; Its output port passes through collimation lens coupling output and sees through gas sample chamber entering fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor, and exports from the output port of fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor.
5. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex compositor is connected and composed by a multilayer dielectric film light filter plate, a collimation lens, a glass tube, the output port of a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber and the input port of a band single-mode fiber tail optical fiber; The collimated light beam that sees through multilayer dielectric film light filter plate is focused the single-mode fiber that is coupled to output port;, focus on and be coupled on the single-mode fiber of output port by the collimation lens collimation and by after the reflection of multilayer dielectric film light filter plate from the light beam of the single-mode fiber of ECP Extended Capabilities Port input through collimation lens.
6. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described Distributed Feedback Laser Output optical power is greater than 1 milliwatt, and it is output as narrow-band spectrum, and the spectral range of its FWHM is less than 100MHz.
7. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described gas sample chamber is processed by metal material, glass material or plastic material.
8. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described multilayer dielectric film light filter plate is the logical optical filter of a kind of band, or a kind of optical waveguide; Described collimation lens is a kind of optical lens of graded index or a kind of C type lens of mold pressing.
9. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is for can expand fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel; This can be expanded fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel and comprise an input port and a plurality of output port, and its output port number is identical with number of sensors in can expanding the optical fiber gas sensing network.
10. a kind of real-time optical fiber gas sensing system that expands according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the centre of homology wavelength of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is identical with the gas absorption centre wavelength of want sensing testing; The transmission spectrum bandwidth of described fiber optic, light wavelength-division multiplex separation vessel is less than the spacing of the centre wavelength of adjacent two sensors; The optical wavelength responding range of described photoelectric receiving system with can expand the optical fiber gas sensing network in employed laser wavelength scope identical.
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| CN106769897A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆大学 | PCF LPG CH_4 detections devices and sensor production method |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |