CN102588256B - Single-layer dual-cavity vacuum drive peristaltic pump with automatically-closed one-way valve - Google Patents
Single-layer dual-cavity vacuum drive peristaltic pump with automatically-closed one-way valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN102588256B CN102588256B CN201210040599.2A CN201210040599A CN102588256B CN 102588256 B CN102588256 B CN 102588256B CN 201210040599 A CN201210040599 A CN 201210040599A CN 102588256 B CN102588256 B CN 102588256B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-layer dual-cavity vacuum drive peristaltic pump with an automatically-closed one-way valve. All structures are arranged inside an identical structure layer; the upper surface of the structure layer comprises a liquid input port for penetrating the layer, a liquid output port for penetrating the layer, and a negative pressure gas circuit interface for penetrating the layer; a flow channel for connecting the liquid input port and the liquid output port, and the automatically-closed one-way valve embedded at the tail end of the flow channel are arranged in a central area of the lower surface of the structure layer, and at least two negative pressure gas drive chambers are arranged at the side of the flow channel along the length direction of the flow channel. According to the single-layer dual-cavity vacuum drive peristaltic pump, sequential suction actions are generated by a gas channel flow resistance structure to achieve the peristaltic movement; a pumping sample is prevented from being damaged by high-pressure gas extruding the flow channel, air bubbles in the micro-flow channel are sucked outside a flow path by vacuum negative pressure so as to prevent the flow path from being blocked, and meanwhile, higher back pressure (reversed pressure) can be obtained by utilizing the automatically-closed one-way valve embedded inside the micro-flow channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement of microflow control technique, in particular a kind of vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve.
Background technique
In recent ten years, along with developing rapidly of BioMEMS and micro-processing technology, microflow control technique has been widely used in the numerous areas such as biology, chemical analysis, medical clinic applications, drug development, micropump is as the core drive part of microfluidic system, can be supply and the transmission of microfluidic system sampling, so day by day receive researcher's concern.At present, reported multiple micropump on all kinds of academic journals, the overwhelming majority is Piezoelectric Driving, Electromagnetic Drive or positive air pressure driving etc.The main way of research is thin film miniature micropump at present, its mobile control mode be by drive the to-and-fro motion of film cause micropump stream cavity volume and pressure change realize fluid-operated, driving aspect the control of film because forward pneumatic drive convenient rapidly, and favored.But, because easily sneak into micro-bubble in pumping sample, and in the time using forward gas-powered, be more prone to accelerate the introducing process of bubble, bubble will block stream in the gathering of stream tube wall, affects pump-conveying property, so air bubble problem is a hang-up in this micro-fluidic field.
The micropump kind that development in recent years is got up is a lot, the micropump of wherein processing by photetch and can adopting pneumatic mode to drive, generally at least formed by double-layer structure layer, bottom is that fluid passage layer is generally the microfluidic circuit passage for delivery of pumping sample, upper strata is that gas circuit layer generally contains many driving gas channels spaced apart, as shown in Figure 1.By surface plasma bonding techniques, double-layer structure is bonded together, many gas channels of gas circuit layer are connected with high-pressure air source by multiple solenoid valves, and control the order extruding of gas channel by the working state of sequence control solenoid valve, form peristaltic action, and then drive flow of fluid in microfluidic circuit passage (referring to Marc A. Unger, Hou-Pu Chou, Todd Thorsen, Axel Scherer, Stephen R. Quake
science288,113 (2000); ).
The above-mentioned this micropump that pushes liquid flow path and form peristaltic action by multiple gas channels order, because adopt drive of high-pressure gas mode, easily cause destruction and the damage of pumped medium sample, and because the material of composition micropump is air-permeable elastic material, so easily make pressurized gas see through elastic material in the time working long hours, in the miniature stream of micropump lower floor, form micro-bubble, affect micropump mobile performance, when serious, also can block stream.In order to realize the order deformation of gas flow path, form peristaltic action simultaneously, also need complicated control circuit to go the coherent switch motion of order of the solenoid valve of every gas channel of control connection.Cause thus that miniature pump structure is comparatively complicated, flow velocity is lower, flow is less, can not meet the liquid pumping needs of micro-fluidic chip completely.Therefore, there is defect in prior art, still haves much room for improvement and develop.
Visible, the development of current microflow control technique is in the urgent need to a kind of effectively pumping sample simple in structure and can remove the micropump of sneaking into bubble in stream.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention has been to design a kind of vacuum controlled peristaltic-type pump arrangement of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve, realize peristaltic action with its distinctive gas channel flow resistance structure generation order suction action, avoid because pressurized gas extruding runner damages pumping sample, and utilize negative pressure of vacuum by the bubble in microfluidic circuit passage pump out stream prevent stream block, improve flow velocity and the flow of micropump, utilize the self closing one-way valve being embedded in micro channel to obtain higher back pressure (backpressure) simultaneously, reach the liquid pumping requirement of micro-fluidic chip.
Technological scheme design of the present invention is as follows:
Have the vacuum controlled peristaltic-type pump arrangement of single-layer dual-cavity of self closing one-way valve, described micropump adopts the work of negative pressure of vacuum driving mode.All structures of described peristaltic pump are arranged among same structure layer.
Wherein, comprise a negative pressure air-path interface that connects the liquid input interface of this layer, a liquid output interface that connects this layer and this layer of perforation at the upper surface of described construction layer.
Described construction layer is combined with a substrate by lower surface, there is one liquid is flowed into interface and liquid to flow out the flow path channel that interface couples together in the center region of described construction layer lower surface, and be embedded in the one-way valve that can automatically close of described flow path channel end, open and close for the order that realizes flow path channel, and then allow the one-way flow of fluid in stream; Be furnished with along its length at least two negative-pressure gas at the side of described flow path channel and drive chamber, negative-pressure gas drives between chamber and connects by gas channels, wherein drives chamber to connect negative pressure air-path interface by gas channels near the negative-pressure gas of liquid inflow interface.
Described negative pressure drives the divider wall structure between chamber and flow path channel to form deformable and drives film, and this driving film deforms under the effect of negative-pressure gas, and then changes the volume of flow path channel, drives liquid to flow to and flows out micropump.
Further, be also formed with a gas compensation passage at the lower surface of described construction layer, described gas compensation passage one end drives chamber to be communicated with the negative-pressure gas that flows into interface near liquid, and one end directly passes to construction layer edge, is communicated with atmosphere.
In addition, described negative-pressure gas drives chamber to be arranged as best in the bilateral symmetry of flow path channel.
Described construction layer adopts the PDMS(dimethyl silicone polymer with gas permeability and printing opacity) material, entire infrastructure can carry out processing and fabricating by photetch and form.Because the PDMS material that forms micropump has gas permeability, when negative-pressure gas forces driving deformation of thin membrane to change flow path volume, can also catch the micro-bubble flowing in microfluidic circuit, and drive film that it is aspirated away from stream through breathable like this.
The described one-way valve that can automatically close is made up of jointly two movable valve blocks and two open chambers; Channel connection between the end of described flow path channel and two movable valve blocks, the import that the passage between valve block is one-way valve; Two open chambers lay respectively at two movable valve block both sides, and and valve block between channel connection; Two open chambers flow out interface by common passage and liquid again and are communicated with, the outlet that this common passage is one-way valve; In the time that the liquid in miniature flow path channel flows forward, the valve block of one-way valve is in open mode, and in the time of liquid reverse flow in miniature flow path channel, the extruding that the valve block of one-way valve is subject to the indoor increase liquid of open cavity deforms valve block to close flow path channel to realize the object of forbidding the anti-stream of liquid.
In addition, this micropump only needs the conducting of an electromagnetic valve negative pressure source of the gas and cuts out, and then utilize gas connecting passage order UNICOM to drive chamber, and utilize the negative pressure of the indoor order generation of actuator chamber and the tonifying Qi of gas compensation channel, control the distortion of order spill (for flow path channel) and the order recovery original-shape that drive film.In the time of the negative pressure source of the gas in the closed electromagnetic valve external world, the restoring force that drives film to return to its original-shape position is to be produced by the elastic force of himself, in the time more approaching its home position, this power is less, therefore the sample media that the utilization of this micropump drives film order distortion to drive sample can damage and fracture not to be pumped, as blood, cell etc.
Peristaltic pump provided by the present invention is being connected under the setting of gas channels flow resistance by multiple pneumatic drive chambers, occur in sequence distortion in microfluidic circuit passage both sides, driven pump feeding sample occurs to flow in flow path channel, and under the help of self closing one-way valve, realizes one-way flow and higher back pressure.And this micropump implementation structure is very simple, all functions unit all, in one deck structure, only needs a solenoid valve to carry out gas circuit control, can reach the requirement of sample pumping completely.
Visible, peristaltic pump provided by the present invention is that the one of existing micropump pumping liquid technology is improved, its improved main aspect has: one, the driving mode of this micropump is that negative pressure of vacuum drives, avoided the damage of extruding type driving mode to pumping sample in miniature flow path channel, negative pressure of vacuum can pump out the micro-bubble in miniature flow path channel by ventilative driving membrane structure, prevents the impact of the bubble flow performance of sneaking in pumping sample; Two, the repertoire parts of micropump and structure are all arranged in the flexible material of layer of transparent, and its structure is very simple, and are convenient to observe the working condition of micropump; Three, be embedded in the self closing one-way valve in miniature flow path channel, can, occurring that liquid is counter while flowing, block stream by self-pressure liquid self acting stop valve sheet, this has just further improved flow velocity and the back pressure of micropump.
brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of micropump apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of micropump apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is one-way valve structures partial schematic diagram in micropump apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the entire block diagram of micropump apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Lift and further illustrate the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, micropump of the present invention is made up of one deck construction layer 11 and one deck substrate 12, and all structures are all to process in construction layer by photetch, adopt PDMS material, there is certain gas permeability, light-permeable, available vision is directly observed the pumping situation of micropump interior media.Substrate can adopt glass, silicon, PMMA(plexiglass) etc. material.Construction layer can utilize plasma oxidation to process bonding techniques and realize the permanent non-dismountable encapsulation between this and base layer, also can utilize the adhesive force between PDMS material and substrate material to be made into detachable encapsulation.
Comprise at this construction layer 11 the liquid input interface 1, liquid output interface 2 and the negative pressure air-path interface 3 that connect this layer from upper surface.Be processed with one flows into interface 1 and liquid by liquid and flows out the flow path channel 4 that interface 2 couples together in the center region of the lower surface of this construction layer, and be embedded in the one-way valve that can automatically close 10 in flow path channel, open and close for the order that realizes miniature flow path channel, and then allow the one-way flow of fluid in stream.Be processed with respectively two negative-pressure gas in the both sides of described flow path channel 4 and drive chamber, two negative pressure of the same side drive chamber 8 to be connected by gas circuit connecting passage 6 with 9, drive chamber 8 to connect negative pressure air-path interface 3 by gas circuit connecting passage 7 near the negative pressure of liquid input interface 1 direction, be also communicated with atmosphere by a gas compensation passage 5 simultaneously.Gas circuit compensation channel is in order to ensure in the time that negative pressure source of the gas is closed, and drives film order recovery shape to get back to its home position and designs, and its flow resistance can be carried out calculus of approximation optimization by RC model.
Because negative pressure drives the side of chamber 8 at flow path channel 4, between separated by divider wall, this divider wall structure just forms deformable driving film, under the effect of negative-pressure gas, can there is shape distortion in this driving film, and then the volume of change flow path channel, drive liquid to flow to and flow out micropump.And because the PDMS material that forms micropump has gas permeability, in the time that negative-pressure gas forces driving deformation of thin membrane to change flow path volume, can also catch the micro-bubble flowing in microfluidic circuit, and drive film that it is aspirated away from stream through breathable.Drive the large I of deformation of film to drive the size of chamber and negative-pressure gas pressure size jointly to limit by spill.
In micropump stream, the structure of one-way valve 10 as shown in Figure 3, is made up of jointly two movable valve blocks 101 and two open chambers 102.Channel connection between the end of flow path channel 4 and two movable valve blocks 101, the import that the passage between valve block is this one-way valve.Two open chambers 102 lay respectively at two movable valve block both sides, and and valve block between channel connection.Two open chambers flow out interface 2 by common passage and liquid again and are communicated with, the outlet that this common passage is one-way valve.Like this in the time that the liquid in flow path channel 4 flows forward, the valve block 101 of one-way valve is in open mode, and in the time of liquid reverse flow in flow path channel 4, the extruding that the valve block 101 of one-way valve is subject to the interior increase liquid of open chamber 102 deforms valve block and closes the anti-stream that flow path channel is forbidden liquid.
Negative pressure pneumatic drive chamber is connected with extraneous negative pressure source of the gas with solenoid valve by gas circuit connecting passage, gas circuit connection interface, and can be by the time that switches on and off of the action sequence control gas circuit of solenoid valve, and then realize micropump and drive the operating frequency control of film, in order to ensure to drive the sequentially-operating of film, the flow resistance of gas circuit connecting passage can be optimized by the calculus of approximation of RC model.
The entire block diagram of this micropump as shown in Figure 4, in the time that micropump moves, connect the break-make of the negative pressure source of the gas of micropump air-path interface by electromagnetic valve, and can be by the speed of control circuit part regulation and control solenoid valve operating frequency, under the pumping action of negative pressure source of the gas, there is flow resistance owing to connecting gas circuit, so drive the distortion of film order of occurrence, change the volume of flow path channel, formation creeping type drives, thereby drive the pumping sample in described flow path channel to occur to flow, and because making the sample of pumping, the reverse cut-off effect of one-way valve only can there is forwarding, realize the driving to described pumping sample.
The implementation structure of apparatus of the present invention and method for driving is very simple, is convenient to be integrated into micro-fluidic chip inside, has reached the requirement of sample delivery, can meet the needs of the transmission of micro-fluidic chip sample and analysis.
The technology such as the control circuit part in the present invention and the liquid of carrying can adopt existing various possible scheme according to practical application, are well known to those skilled in the art, therefore be not repeated.
It should be noted that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, can be improved according to the above description and convert, for example, increase the number of miniature flow path channel, increase the number of pneumatic drive chamber or change pneumatic drive chamber size size etc.And all these improvement and conversion all belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve, is characterized in that: all structures of described peristaltic pump are arranged among same structure layer;
Wherein, comprise a negative pressure air-path interface that connects the liquid input interface of this layer, a liquid output interface that connects this layer and this layer of perforation at the upper surface of described construction layer;
Described construction layer is combined with a substrate by lower surface, there is one liquid is flowed into interface and liquid to flow out the flow path channel that interface couples together in the center region of described construction layer lower surface, and be embedded in the one-way valve that can automatically close of described flow path channel end, open and close for the order that realizes flow path channel, and then allow the one-way flow of fluid in stream; Be furnished with along its length at least two negative-pressure gas at the side of described flow path channel and drive chamber, negative-pressure gas drives between chamber and connects by gas channels, wherein drives chamber to connect negative pressure air-path interface by gas channels near the negative-pressure gas of liquid inflow interface;
Described negative-pressure gas drives the divider wall structure between chamber and flow path channel to form deformable and drives film, and this driving film deforms under the effect of negative-pressure gas, and then changes the volume of flow path channel, drives liquid to flow to and flows out peristaltic pump.
2. the vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be also formed with a gas compensation passage at the lower surface of described construction layer, described gas compensation passage one end drives chamber to be communicated with the negative-pressure gas that flows into interface near liquid, the other end directly passes to construction layer edge, is communicated with atmosphere.
3. the vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described negative-pressure gas drives chamber to arrange in the bilateral symmetry of flow path channel.
4. the vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described construction layer adopts the polydimethylsiloxane material with gas permeability and printing opacity, when negative-pressure gas forces driving deformation of thin membrane to change flow path volume, also can catch the micro-bubble flowing in microfluidic circuit, and driving film that it is aspirated away from stream through breathable, the entire infrastructure of construction layer carries out processing and fabricating by photetch and forms.
5. the vacuum controlled peristaltic pump of the single-layer dual-cavity with self closing one-way valve as described in any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that: the described one-way valve that can automatically close is made up of jointly two movable valve blocks and two open chambers; Channel connection between the end of described flow path channel and two movable valve blocks, the import that the passage between valve block is one-way valve; Two open chambers lay respectively at two movable valve block both sides, and and valve block between channel connection; Two open chambers flow out interface by common passage and liquid again and are communicated with, the outlet that this common passage is one-way valve; In the time that the liquid in flow path channel flows forward, the valve block of one-way valve is in open mode, and in the time of liquid reverse flow in flow path channel, the extruding that the valve block of one-way valve is subject to the indoor increase liquid of open cavity deforms valve block to close flow path channel to realize the object of forbidding the anti-stream of liquid.
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| CN201210040599.2A CN102588256B (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2012-02-22 | Single-layer dual-cavity vacuum drive peristaltic pump with automatically-closed one-way valve |
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| JP6086755B2 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2017-03-01 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | Optical analysis method and optical analysis apparatus using microchip, and processing apparatus for optical analysis |
| TWI547694B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-09-01 | 國立陽明大學 | Microfluidic bio-reactor device, its kits and methods thereof |
| CN111530514B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-01-11 | 东莞市东阳光诊断产品有限公司 | Micro-flow air control chip |
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| CN101947124A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-01-19 | 博奥生物有限公司 | Integrated microfluidic chip device and using method thereof |
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| US6752922B2 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2004-06-22 | Fluidigm Corporation | Microfluidic chromatography |
| US7419638B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2008-09-02 | Micronics, Inc. | Microfluidic devices for fluid manipulation and analysis |
| US7290555B2 (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2007-11-06 | Harris Corporation | Embedded microfluidic check-valve |
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