CN102583888A - Municipal rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method and system - Google Patents
Municipal rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102583888A CN102583888A CN2012100445256A CN201210044525A CN102583888A CN 102583888 A CN102583888 A CN 102583888A CN 2012100445256 A CN2012100445256 A CN 2012100445256A CN 201210044525 A CN201210044525 A CN 201210044525A CN 102583888 A CN102583888 A CN 102583888A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a municipal rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method. Natural rainfall runoff is subjected to stage purification treatment, including primary vegetation cover treatment and secondary inverted filter treatment. The vegetation cover treatment uses turf and/or frutex boxwood lobules as the vegetation cover; and the inverted filter is filled with fillers, sequentially including sandstone, coarse sand, fine sand and an in-situ soil layer from top to bottom. The layered filler method designed by the invention combines the vegetation cover adsorption to maximally treat and utilize the municipal rainfall runoff, and meanwhile, satisfies the landscape ecological afforestation. The water body treated by the inverted filter with different fillers can satisfy the requirement for different water quality demands. The rainfall runoff is treated by the water quality stage purification landscape system to achieve the effects of reduced runoff speed, decreased granular suspended substance (TSS) and lower concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and other pollutants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to city surface source pollution control and purification of water quality treatment project technical applications; Especially relate under the natural precipitation condition of city, the method stage treatment urban runoff that utilizes vegetation to combine with engineering measure pollutes method for purifying water with complex function and ecoscape system to satisfy different quality emission request and urban look demand.
Background technology
Developing rapidly of urbanization; Make the waterproof regional area proportion in city sharply enlarge; Particularly a large amount of runoff of rainstorm weather generation can only be through discharge of pipes to receiving water body, because the pollutent wide material sources that carry in the runoff are of a great variety to cause the rainy day; Urban rainfall runoff pollutes Effects of water environment is shown especially, has become the important source of city receiving water body deteriorating water quality and city estuary pollution.It is to solve city water yield shortage, the water quality deterioration fundamental way for the great water problems of core that urban water conservation and natural precipitation runoff utilize again.Therefore, should control the water resources of enriching that makes full use of urban rainfall runoff again and brought to the water environment pollution that the urban storm runoff brings, to satisfy the demand of different production demands and different emission standards.So far; Both at home and abroad to the control urban rainfall runoff pollute on technological layer, mainly comprise set up settling tank, seepage hole, porous pavements, water reservoir, the employing wetland is handled and water ecology recovery project etc., these methods have all obtained good effect to control urban runoff pollution aspect.With abroad compare, China utilizes technical also relatively backward in rain flood infiltration, lack systematicness, simultaneously, China big city has unique Hydrologic Structure and humane characteristic, the process control of many urban rainfall runoffs pollutions has uniqueness.Existing urban rainfall runoff Pollution control technology is mainly reflected in filtration treatment and the purification to runoff pollution; Function is comparatively single and efficient is not high; Existence is not enough and to go out water quality single to runoff combined pollution processing power, can not satisfy the shortcoming that multifunctional ecological needs the water requirement.Therefore; This technology is on existing basis; Introduced runoff pollution stage treatment landscape system; Rainfall runoff is carried out the layering purifying treatment satisfy multi-functional water requirement, the effect that can play the beautifying city view simultaneously, reduce runoff volume, subdue storm runoff flood peak and minimizing city waterlogging with the purification efficiency of increasing water quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome shortcomings such as existing urban runoff pollution treatment system efficient is not high, purification function is single and recovery utilization rate is lower; Introduce runoff water quality stage purification landscape system; Can satisfy the city overland runoff water cycle simultaneously, irrigate to need water, drink and need water and underground water multiple water demand such as to replenish; And incorporate the effect that the urban look key element reaches the beautifying city view, realize improving the multifunctional usage demand of rainfall runoff treatment system total nitrogen in the runoff (TN), total phosphorus (TP), COD (COD), particulate form suspended substance (TSS) purification efficiency and utilization ratio, minimizing storm runoff flood peak and beautifying city view.
A kind of urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method is that the natural precipitation runoff is handled through stage purification, comprises that elementary vegetation is handled and second stage inverted filter is handled; It is turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood that said vegetation is handled the vegetation of adopting; Be filled with filler in the said inverted filter, the order successively of filler is from top to bottom: bright stone, rough sand, fine sand and original position soil layer.Through flow velocity slowed down after the natural precipitation runoff was handled through vegetation, the particulate form suspended substance reduces and Pollutant levels reduce; Rainfall runoff purifies the back through vegetation and gets into inverted filter through the effect of infiltrating, and runoff can satisfy the water demand of difference in functionality through in the different water bodys of inflow after the absorption of different filler inverted filters and the purifying treatment.
Urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method of the present invention, the place mat height of wherein said bright stone is preferably 10-15cm.
Urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method of the present invention, the place mat height of wherein said rough sand is preferably 5-10cm.
Urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method of the present invention, the place mat height of wherein said fine sand is 5-10cm.
Based on aforesaid method, the present invention also provides a kind of urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification system, and it comprises vegetable layer and the place mat inverted filter under vegetable layer; Said vegetable layer is turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood; Be filled with filler in the said inverted filter, the order successively of filler is from top to bottom: bright stone, rough sand, fine sand and original position soil layer.The runoff after but the bottom of each layer can be provided with the inlet collection and treatment.
The place mat height of said bright stone is 10-15cm.The place mat height of said rough sand is 5-10cm.The place mat height of said fine sand is 5-10cm.Turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood uniform distribution in the said vegetable layer.Vegetation can be selected for use arbitrarily and can purify, afforest and durable turf vegetation, like Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea; Wherein can evenly press from both sides kind of a shrub little leaf boxwood (Buxus Buxus microphylla), can obtain better decontamination effect improving, also can use single turf or shrub little leaf boxwood.
The rainfall runoff of handling through bright stone can be used for industrial process waters; Runoff after the rough sand layer is handled can be used for the urban look water demand for natural service; Runoff after the fine sand layer is handled can be used for agricultural irrigation water; , the original position soil layer can be used for replenishing underground water and entering after handling quoting waterhead area, or through satisfying the daily life water after the aquatic products processing from the beginning.
At present, it mainly is zeolite and medical stone that the used filtrate of rainfall runoff is handled in the city, and the used bright hardcore of the present invention has very high absorption degradation performance equally, and raw material is cheap and be simple and easy to get, and can extensively apply to handle rainfall runoff.The mode that runoff adopts filtrate and silt mixed fillers is handled in current most city, though this treatment process can meet certain requirements on purification of water quality, does not reach the requirement that directly enters drinking water source and body of groundwater yet.The method of the layering filler of the present invention design combines vegetation to adsorb to handle and utilize urban rainfall runoff to greatest extent, satisfy the demand of landscape ecological greening simultaneously.
Existing relatively urban runoff treatment system of the present invention and water processing establishment have substantial advantage and obvious improvement, and the present invention has following advantage: 1. choose vegetation for landscape planting plant commonly used, be easy to plantation and economical and practical; 2. the inverted filter filler cheaply is prone to obtain the lower and weak point consuming time of engineering construction difficulty; 3. runoff is fast and purification efficiency is high in the inverted filter flow velocity, is beneficial to the city surface source pollution of handling under the storm runoff; 4. the water body after handling through the inverted filter of different fillers can satisfy the water requirement of different quality demand.Rainfall runoff reaches the effect that through flow velocity slows down, particulate form suspended substance (TSS) reduces and total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and COD Pollutant levels such as (COD) reduce after handling through water quality stage purification landscape system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification of the present invention system.
Embodiment
For further specifying the present invention, specify in conjunction with following examples:
Embodiment 1:
Adopt the rainmaking mode, rainwash water quality M.L. (TN:5-15mg/L under simulation Beijing natural precipitation; TP:0.7-1.5mg/L; COD:100-300mg/L; TSS:300-500mg/L).Supplying the examination vegetation is turf (Tall fescue Festuca arundinacea), sets out the water sampling mouth respectively at bright stone, rough sand, fine sand and four kinds of filler bottoms of pedosphere.The bright stone layer thickness of test filler is 15cm, and the rough sand layer thickness is 10cm, and the fine sand layer thickness is 5cm, and pedosphere thickness is 30cm.The rainfall amount of experimental simulation is 0.15-10L/min, gets once appearance in every 20-40 minute, strengthens in runoff yield initial stage SF, prolongs sample time gradually along with runoff yield is stable.COD: dichromate titration (GB/T 11914-89); Total nitrogen: alkaline alkaline potassium per-sulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry (GB/T 11894-89); Total phosphorus: ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry (GB/T 11893-89); The method that the particulate form suspended substance adopts quantitative paper to dry then.
Result of study is found: the water quality stage purification landscape system of Turf Culture is 27.63 ± 33.68% to total clearance of TN, and total clearance of TP is 70.51 ± 9.17%, and total clearance of COD is 58.84 ± 15.29%, and total clearance of TSS is greater than 95%; Total reduced rate to run-off is 34.16 ± 26.65%, and the peak value always rate of subduing is 28.15 ± 11.44%, and the peak delay time is 26 ± 14min.It is 11.52 ± 11.3% that elementary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 40.31 ± 4.15%, and total clearance of COD is 30.82 ± 10.29%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 85%; It is 13.36 ± 25.6% that the secondary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 48.42 ± 6.75%, and the clearance of COD is 35.83 ± 11.35%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 90%; It is 16.36 ± 35.6% that three grades of runoffs are handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 55.42 ± 8.95%, and the clearance of COD is 43.83 ± 14.75%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 95%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt the research method identical with embodiment 1, supplying to try vegetation is shrub little leaf boxwood (Buxus Buxus microphylla).Result of study is found: the water quality stage purification landscape system of Turf Culture is 35.20 ± 29.36% to total clearance of TN, and total clearance of TP is 74.30 ± 7.99%, and total clearance of COD is 64.13 ± 13.33%, and total clearance of TSS is greater than 95%; Total reduced rate to run-off is 32.81 ± 10.06%, and the peak value always rate of subduing is 29.13 ± 11.37%, and the peak delay time is 26 ± 2min.It is 15.15 ± 13.38% that elementary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 48.45 ± 6.15%, and total clearance of COD is 40.34 ± 17.29%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 90%; It is 18.42 ± 22.8% that the secondary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 54.42 ± 6.72%, and the clearance of COD is 50.17 ± 7.35%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 95%; It is 23.36 ± 25.8% that three grades of runoffs are handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 60.33 ± 9.12%, and the clearance of COD is 54.45 ± 10.23%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 95%.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt the research method identical with embodiment 1, supplying the examination vegetation is shrub little leaf boxwood (BuxusBuxusmicrophylla) and turf (Tall fescue Festucaarundinacea), employing miscegenation mode.Result of study is found: the water quality stage purification landscape system of Turf Culture is 39.72 ± 15.46% to total clearance of TN, and total clearance of TP is 82.17 ± 6.52%, and total clearance of COD is 66.28 ± 12.41%, and total clearance of TSS is greater than 95%; Total reduced rate to run-off is 38.78 ± 12.11%, and the peak value always rate of subduing is 33.15 ± 12.17%, and the peak delay time is 31 ± 2min.It is 16.15 ± 12.21% that elementary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 52.36 ± 7.3415%, and total clearance of COD is 43.25 ± 13.43%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 90%; It is 17.44 ± 21.42% that the secondary runoff is handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 53.42 ± 8.23%, and the clearance of COD is 47.33 ± 8.39%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 95%; It is 20.78 ± 17.69% that three grades of runoffs are handled the TN clearance, and the clearance of TP is 58.35 ± 8.56%, and the clearance of COD is 57.37 ± 10.36%, and the clearance of TSS is greater than 95%.
Above-described embodiment describes preferred implementation of the present invention; Be not that scope of the present invention is limited; Design under the prerequisite of spirit not breaking away from the present invention; Various distortion and improvement that the common engineering technical personnel in this area make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method is characterized in that: the natural precipitation runoff is handled through stage purification, comprised that elementary vegetation is handled and second stage inverted filter is handled; It is turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood that said vegetation is handled the vegetation of adopting; Be filled with filler in the said inverted filter, the order successively of filler is from top to bottom: bright stone, rough sand, fine sand and original position soil layer.
2. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said bright stone is 10-15cm.
3. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said rough sand is 5-10cm.
4. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said fine sand is 5-10cm.
5. a urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification system is characterized in that: comprise vegetable layer and the place mat inverted filter under vegetable layer; Said vegetable layer is turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood; Be filled with filler in the said inverted filter, the order successively of filler is from top to bottom: bright stone, rough sand, fine sand and original position soil layer.
6. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification according to claim 5 system, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said bright stone is 10-15cm.
7. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification according to claim 5 system, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said rough sand is 5-10cm.
8. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification according to claim 5 system, it is characterized in that: the place mat height of said fine sand is 5-10cm.
9. urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification according to claim 5 system is characterized in that: turf and/or shrub little leaf boxwood uniform distribution in the said vegetable layer.
10. each described urban rainfall runoff water quality stage purification system application in the natural precipitation runoff purification of water quality of city of claim 5-9.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN103410215A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-27 | 嘉兴市规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for separate system rainwater discharge outlet tail end regulation and storage and pollution interception and control |
| CN104829059A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 武汉大学 | Urban rainfall runoff water quality multi-media stage seeping-filtering purifying simulation system |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN103410215A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-27 | 嘉兴市规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for separate system rainwater discharge outlet tail end regulation and storage and pollution interception and control |
| CN104829059A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 武汉大学 | Urban rainfall runoff water quality multi-media stage seeping-filtering purifying simulation system |
| CN104829059B (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2016-08-31 | 武汉大学 | Urban rainfall runoff water quality multimedium classification diafiltration clean simulation system |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |