CN102582797A - Water-borne three-body trash cleaning ship and cleaning method - Google Patents
Water-borne three-body trash cleaning ship and cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水上三体清污船及清理方法,三体清污船以三体船为载体,由回收舱、收集笼、吊索装置、侧支网、水泵、喷水推进器、喷口等几部分构成,水泵从进水口吸入大量水,大部分被输送至喷水推进器用于推动船体前行,少量水被输送至侧支网上方的喷口,用于将清污船前方的垃圾及水生植物驱赶至收集笼前方,同时船体前方相对于船体向后运动的水流将垃圾自动带入到收集笼中,收集笼存入一定量垃圾后,由吊索装置吊送到回收舱上方倾倒。本发明一次清污面积大,不产生二次污染,且设备安装维护简单,特别适合于湖泊及近海大范围垃圾及水生植物的清理工作。
The invention discloses a water three-body cleaning ship and a cleaning method. The three-body cleaning ship takes the three-body ship as a carrier, and consists of a recovery cabin, a collection cage, a sling device, a side branch net, a water pump, a water jet propeller, It consists of several parts such as the nozzle. The water pump sucks a large amount of water from the water inlet, and most of it is sent to the water jet propeller to push the hull forward. A small amount of water is sent to the nozzle above the side branch net to clean up the garbage in front of the ship. and aquatic plants are driven to the front of the collection cage, and at the same time, the water flow in front of the hull relative to the backward movement of the hull automatically brings the garbage into the collection cage. After a certain amount of garbage is stored in the collection cage, it is hoisted by the sling device to the top of the recovery cabin for dumping . The invention has a large cleaning area once, does not produce secondary pollution, and is easy to install and maintain, and is especially suitable for cleaning large-scale garbage and aquatic plants in lakes and offshore areas.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种水上垃圾清理船,具体地说是涉及一种可以清理各种水面垃圾及水生植物的三体清污船。The invention relates to a water garbage cleaning ship, in particular to a three-body cleaning ship capable of cleaning various water surface garbage and aquatic plants.
背景技术 Background technique
目前,水上的各种漂浮的固体物垃圾和各种由于水质富营养化产生的藻类对水质造成了严重的污染,这对自然环境和人们的生活都造成了极大的影响;一般的清污船是采用船头机器机动打捞水面垃圾和船头传送带输送垃圾的方法,虽然这种方法比人工打捞效率高,但结构复杂,船体笨重,燃料消耗量大,易造成二次污染,且一次打捞面积有限,清污能力不尽人意。At present, all kinds of floating solid garbage on the water and various algae caused by water eutrophication have caused serious pollution to the water quality, which has greatly affected the natural environment and people's lives; The ship uses the bow machine to salvage the garbage on the water surface and the bow conveyor belt to transport the garbage. Although this method is more efficient than manual salvage, it has a complicated structure, a heavy hull, and large fuel consumption, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. The area is limited and the cleaning ability is not satisfactory.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种三体清污船。为了克服现有技术中的清污船的不足,本发明提供一种三体清污船,增加清污面积,提高了一次清污量;利用水流冲击使垃圾自动进入收集笼中,减少了现有清污船所造成的二次污染。适合于湖泊及近海大范围垃圾及水生植物的清理工作。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-body cleaning ship. In order to overcome the deficiencies of the cleaning ships in the prior art, the present invention provides a three-body cleaning ship, which increases the cleaning area and improves the amount of cleaning at one time; uses the impact of water flow to make the garbage automatically enter the collection cage, reducing the waste There is secondary pollution caused by cleaning ships. It is suitable for cleaning large-scale garbage and aquatic plants in lakes and offshore areas.
本发明的技术方案是:一种水上三体清污船,包括主船体和两侧的辅助船体,主船体和辅助船体由连接桥固定连接;主船体上有主控室和回收舱;主船体和辅助船体之间设有四个收集笼,收集笼前门与收集笼采用滑道连接,可向上滑动打开;辅助船体的上部有两台桁架,桁架上有吊索装置A和吊索装置B,吊索装置A的作用是打开收集笼前门,吊索装置B的作用是吊送收集笼至回收舱上方并倾倒;辅助船体前方内侧水线下有进水口,进水口连接辅助船体舱内中部的水泵,水泵的后端连接喷水推进器和水管;水管固定在辅助船体舱壁舷侧,并在辅助船体与侧支网铰链上方的开口处伸出,固定在侧支网上方;水管通过分流阀连接侧支网上方固定的喷口,喷口能将垃圾从侧支网前方驱赶至收集笼的正前方;侧支网的末端下部通过转轴固定有浮筒。The technical scheme of the present invention is: a three-body cleaning ship on water, including a main hull and auxiliary hulls on both sides, the main hull and the auxiliary hull are fixedly connected by a connecting bridge; there is a main control room and a recovery cabin on the main hull; There are four collection cages between the auxiliary hull and the front door of the collection cage is connected with the collection cage by slides, which can be opened by sliding upwards; there are two trusses on the upper part of the auxiliary hull, and there are sling device A and sling device B on the truss. The function of the sling device A is to open the front door of the collection cage, and the function of the sling device B is to lift the collection cage to the top of the recovery cabin and dump it; there is a water inlet below the waterline on the inner side of the auxiliary hull, and the water inlet is connected to the middle part of the auxiliary hull cabin. The water pump, the rear end of the water pump is connected to the water jet propeller and the water pipe; the water pipe is fixed on the side of the auxiliary hull bulkhead, protrudes from the opening above the hinge of the auxiliary hull and the side branch net, and is fixed above the side branch net; the water pipe passes through the diversion The valve is connected to the fixed spout above the side branch net, and the spout can drive the garbage from the front of the side branch net to the front of the collection cage; the lower end of the side branch net is fixed with a buoy through a rotating shaft.
本发明水上三体清污船的主船体的整体结构由玻璃钢材料制作而成;主船体上层建筑的前部是主控室,作为驾驶清污船前进及操纵清污船上各类机械装置的场所;后部是回收舱,是打捞上来的垃圾的储存场所,回收舱后部的挡板可打开,便于靠岸后的垃圾清理工作;主船体的船壳其水线以上部分是垂直的,保持与收集笼的立方体形状很好的配合,防止垃圾从船壳与收集笼的间隙中溜走。The overall structure of the main hull of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics; the front part of the main hull superstructure is the main control room, which is used as a place for driving the cleaning ship forward and manipulating various mechanical devices on the cleaning ship ; The rear part is the recovery cabin, which is a storage place for the salvaged garbage. The baffle at the rear of the recovery cabin can be opened to facilitate the cleaning of garbage after docking; the part of the main hull above the waterline is vertical, keeping It fits well with the cube shape of the collection cage to prevent garbage from slipping through the gap between the hull and the collection cage.
本发明水上三体清污船的收集笼由聚酰胺(PA)、聚碳酸酯(PC)等有机高分子材料构成,收集笼上布有均匀的孔,可使水流通过,但垃圾及水生植物会滞留笼中;收集笼前门采用滑道与收集笼连接,可由吊索装置使其向上滑动而打开,垃圾存入一定数量后,前门向下滑动关闭,收集笼由吊索装置B吊起,运送到回收舱上方将垃圾倾倒,而后返回原位置;收集笼的底部应在水面以下一定距离,保证垃圾不被遗漏;主船体左右两边各有两个独立的收集笼,当前面的收集笼被吊起时,后面的收集笼前门打开,开始收集垃圾,前收集笼归位后,后收集笼吊起并运送垃圾,这样的工作模式可以保证垃圾不会被遗漏。The collection cage of the three-body sewage cleaning ship on the water of the present invention is made of organic polymer materials such as polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), and uniform holes are arranged on the collection cage to allow water flow to pass through, but garbage and aquatic plants It will stay in the cage; the front door of the collection cage is connected with the collection cage by a slideway, and can be opened by sliding upwards with a sling device. Transport it to the top of the recovery cabin to dump the garbage, and then return to the original position; the bottom of the collection cage should be a certain distance below the water surface to ensure that the garbage will not be missed; there are two separate collection cages on the left and right sides of the main hull. When hoisting, the front door of the rear collection cage is opened to start collecting garbage. After the front collection cage returns to its position, the rear collection cage is hoisted and transports the garbage. This working mode can ensure that the garbage will not be missed.
本发明水上三体清污船的辅助船体的整体结构由玻璃钢材料制作而成,通过连接桥与主船体连接;辅助船体的上层建筑是两台架在船体上方的桁架,桁架上有吊索装置,用于开启收集笼前门,及吊送收集笼;辅助船体内部有水泵及喷水推进器,水泵通过辅助船体前方的进水口抽水后,将水大部分运送至喷水推进器,用于船舶行进,少部分通过水管到达侧支网上方的喷口,用于驱赶侧支网前方的垃圾。The overall structure of the auxiliary hull of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and is connected with the main hull through a connecting bridge; the superstructure of the auxiliary hull is two trusses mounted above the hull, and there are sling devices on the trusses , used to open the front door of the collection cage and hoist the collection cage; there are water pumps and water jets inside the auxiliary hull. After the water pump pumps water through the water inlet in front of the auxiliary hull, most of the water is transported to the water jets for ships As it advances, a small part reaches the spout above the side branch net through the water pipe, and is used to drive away the garbage in front of the side branch net.
本发明水上三体清污船的侧支网的结构由框架和拦网构成,其中框架由铝合金材料制作而成,拦网由尼龙(PA)材料制作而成;侧支网的作用是扩大清污船的垃圾清理范围,能将垃圾驱赶至清污船的前方,便于回收;侧支网通过铰链与辅助船体连接,辅助船体侧面的液压机控制其转动,处于工作状态时,液压机推动侧支网展开至合适位置,处于非工作状态时,液压机将侧支网收起,使侧支网平行于辅助船体的舷侧,以减少船舶的行驶阻力;侧支网的下部应在水线以下10公分左右,保证垃圾不被遗漏;侧支网的长度根据实际情况而定,但一般不超过辅助船体的船长;侧支网的末端下部有浮筒,水对浮筒的浮力作为对侧支网向上的支持力,减少铰链处的扭矩。The structure of the side branch net of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention is made of a frame and a block net, wherein the frame is made of aluminum alloy material, and the block net is made of nylon (PA) material; the effect of the side branch net is to expand the cleaning capacity The garbage cleaning range of the ship can drive the garbage to the front of the cleaning ship for easy recycling; the side branch net is connected to the auxiliary hull through hinges, and the hydraulic machine on the side of the auxiliary hull controls its rotation. When it is in working condition, the hydraulic machine pushes the side branch net to unfold To the appropriate position, in the non-working state, the hydraulic machine will retract the side branch net, so that the side branch net is parallel to the side of the auxiliary hull, so as to reduce the driving resistance of the ship; the lower part of the side branch net should be about 10 cm below the waterline , to ensure that garbage is not missed; the length of the side branch net depends on the actual situation, but generally does not exceed the length of the auxiliary hull; there is a buoy at the bottom of the side branch net, and the buoyancy of the water on the buoy serves as the upward support for the side branch net , reducing the torque at the hinge.
本发明水上三体清污船的喷口由铝合金材料铸造而成;喷口均匀排布在侧支网上面的框架上,喷口排布的数量,以喷射水流能将垃圾从侧支网前方驱赶至收集笼的正前方为准;喷口的水平面方向上应垂直于船体的纵轴,垂直面方向上应向下倾斜45°-60°;喷口的尾部连接有水管,水管上有控制阀,视清污船所处的实际环境控制喷射水量;若所清理的垃圾具有毒性,喷射的水流中可含有解毒化学品,以此来保证水质的清洁。The nozzles of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention are cast from aluminum alloy materials; the nozzles are evenly arranged on the frame above the side branch net, and the number of nozzle arrangements can drive the garbage from the front of the side branch net to the The front of the collecting cage shall prevail; the horizontal direction of the spout shall be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the hull, and the vertical direction shall be inclined downward by 45°-60°; The actual environment where the sewage ship is located controls the amount of sprayed water; if the garbage to be cleaned is toxic, the sprayed water may contain detoxification chemicals to ensure clean water quality.
本发明水上三体清污船的进水口位于辅助船体前方内侧水线以下,呈椭圆形;进水口前端有拦网,防止垃圾进入水泵;同时通过进水口吸入大量水,使船体前方的水加速向船尾流动,带动水上垃圾更快的进入收集笼。The water inlet of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention is located below the waterline inside the front of the auxiliary hull, and is oval; the front end of the water inlet has a block to prevent garbage from entering the water pump; at the same time, a large amount of water is sucked through the water inlet to accelerate the water in front of the hull The flow at the stern drives the water garbage into the collection cage faster.
本发明水上三体清污船的水泵位于辅助船体舱内中部,通过柴油机或电动机带动;水泵输送的水大部分进入喷水推进器,用来推动船舶前行,少部分可控水量通过水管进入侧支网上方的喷口,用来驱赶侧支网前方的垃圾。The water pump of the water three-body sewage cleaning ship of the present invention is located in the middle of the auxiliary hull cabin and is driven by a diesel engine or an electric motor; most of the water delivered by the water pump enters the water jet propeller to push the ship forward, and a small part of the controllable water enters through the water pipe The spout above the side branch net is used to drive away the garbage in front of the side branch net.
本发明水上三体清污船的喷水推进器位于辅助船体舱内尾部,用水泵作动力,经船尾喷射口,把水从船后方向排出,靠水的反作用力来推进船舶。The water jet propeller of the present invention is located in the tail of the auxiliary hull cabin, and the water pump is used as power to discharge water from the rear of the ship through the stern jet port, and the ship is propelled by the reaction force of the water.
本发明水上三体清污船的水管特指由水泵至侧支网上方喷口的输水管,由聚乙烯(PE)材料制作而成;在辅助船体舷侧内部布置,并由侧支网铰链上方开口处伸出船外;船外部分被固定在侧支网上方,且水管侧壁上通由与喷口数量相同的分流阀,分流阀连接喷口。The water pipe of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention refers in particular to the water delivery pipe from the water pump to the nozzle above the side branch net, which is made of polyethylene (PE) material; The opening protrudes out of the ship; the outboard part is fixed above the side branch net, and the side wall of the water pipe is connected with the same number of diverter valves as the spouts, and the diverter valves are connected to the spouts.
本发明水上三体清污船的清理方法是:三体清污船在清污状态下,液压机推动侧支网展开;水泵通过辅助船体前方的进水口抽水,将大部分水量输送至喷水推进器,喷水推进器推动船体前进;少部分水量由水管输送至喷口,喷口喷射水流,将侧支网前方的垃圾驱赶至收集笼正前方;桁架上的吊索装置将收集笼前门拉起,垃圾随相对船体向后流动的水流自动进入收集笼;当前面的两个收集笼存入一定量垃圾后,前门关闭,收集笼被吊索装置吊送到回收舱上方进行倾倒,同时后面两个收集笼前门打开,进行垃圾收集工作,当前收集笼被吊送回到原位置,进行垃圾收集时,后收集笼前门关闭,吊送至回收舱,倾倒,然后被吊送回到原位置。The cleaning method of the water three-body sewage cleaning ship of the present invention is: when the three-body sewage cleaning ship is in the cleaning state, the hydraulic machine pushes the side branch net to expand; the water pump pumps water through the water inlet in front of the auxiliary hull, and transports most of the water to the water jet propulsion The water jet propeller pushes the hull forward; a small amount of water is transported to the nozzle by the water pipe, and the nozzle sprays water to drive the garbage in front of the side branch net to the front of the collection cage; the sling device on the truss pulls up the front door of the collection cage, Garbage automatically enters the collection cage with the water flowing backwards relative to the hull; when a certain amount of garbage is stored in the two front collection cages, the front door is closed, and the collection cage is hoisted by the sling device to the top of the recovery cabin for dumping, while the two rear collection cages are dumped. The front door of the collection cage is opened for garbage collection. The front collection cage is hoisted back to its original position. When garbage collection is in progress, the front door of the rear collection cage is closed, hoisted to the recovery cabin, dumped, and then hoisted back to its original position.
本发明以三体船为载体,船体两侧架设可转动侧支网,运用水流驱赶及水流带动垃圾自动回收的方法,增加了清污面积,提高了一次清污量,简化了清污设备,克服了传统清污船结构复杂、易造成二次污染、一次打捞面积有限的缺点,并且设备安装维护简单,适应性强,特别适合于湖泊及近海大范围垃圾及水生植物的清理工作。The present invention uses a trimaran as a carrier, erects rotatable side branch nets on both sides of the hull, and uses water flow to drive and water flow to drive garbage to automatically recycle, which increases the cleaning area, improves the amount of cleaning at one time, and simplifies the cleaning equipment. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional cleaning ships, such as complex structure, easy to cause secondary pollution, and limited salvage area, and the equipment is easy to install and maintain, and has strong adaptability. It is especially suitable for cleaning large-scale garbage and aquatic plants in lakes and offshore areas.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1:本发明水上三体清污船俯视图。Figure 1: A top view of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention.
图2:本发明水上三体清污船主视图。Fig. 2: The front view of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention.
图3:本发明水上三体清污船左视图。Figure 3: The left side view of the water three-body cleaning ship of the present invention.
图中:1-主船体,2-辅助船体,3-主控室,4-连接桥,5-回收舱,6-收集笼,7-收集笼前门,8-桁架,9-吊索装置A,10-吊索装置B,11-进水口,12-水泵,13-喷水推进器,14-水管,15-喷口,16-液压机,17-侧支网,18-浮筒,19-水线。In the figure: 1-main hull, 2-auxiliary hull, 3-main control room, 4-connecting bridge, 5-recovery compartment, 6-collecting cage, 7-collecting cage front door, 8-truss, 9-sling device A , 10-sling device B, 11-water inlet, 12-water pump, 13-water jet propeller, 14-water pipe, 15-spout, 16-hydraulic machine, 17-side support net, 18-pontoon, 19-waterline .
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施作进一步描述。The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1、图2、图3所示,一种水上三体清污船,包括主船体1和两侧的辅助船体2,主船体1和辅助船体2由连接桥4固定连接;主船体上有主控室3和5回收舱5;主船体1和辅助船体2之间设有四个收集笼6,收集笼前门7与收集笼6采用滑道连接,可向上滑动打开;辅助船体2的上部有两台桁架8,桁架8上有吊索装置A9和吊索装置B10;辅助船体2前方内侧水线19下有进水口11,进水口11连接辅助船体2舱内中部的水泵12,水泵12的后端连接喷水推进器13和水管14;水管14固定在辅助船体2舱壁舷侧,并在辅助船体2与侧支网17铰链上方的开口处伸出,并固定在侧支网17上方;水管通过分流阀连接侧支网17上方固定的喷口15;侧支网17的末端下部通过转轴固定有浮筒18。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a three-body cleaning ship on water includes a
如图1、图2、图3所示,本发明水上三体清污船的清理方法是:三体清污船在清污状态下,液压机16推动侧支网17展开;水泵12通过辅助船体2前方的进水口11抽水,将大部分水量输送至喷水推进器13,喷水推进器13推动船体前进;少部分水量由水管14输送至喷口15,喷口喷射水流,将侧支网17前方的垃圾驱赶至收集笼6正前方;桁架8上的吊索装置A9将收集笼前门7拉起,垃圾随相对船体向后流动的水流自动进入收集笼6;当前面的两个收集笼6存入一定量垃圾后,前门7关闭,收集笼被吊索装置B10吊送到回收舱5上方进行倾倒,同时后面两个收集笼6的前门7打开,进行垃圾收集工作,当前收集笼6被吊送回到原位置,进行垃圾收集时,后收集笼前门7关闭,吊送至回收舱5,倾倒,然后被吊送回到原位置。As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the cleaning method of the water three-body sewage cleaning ship of the present invention is: when the three-body sewage cleaning ship is in the cleaning state, the
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