CN102581954A - Underground concrete mixer for coal mine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a compact concrete mixer suitable for use in coal mine underground tunnels, which mainly includes a frame, a feeding mechanism and a mixing mechanism. The feeding mechanism is located at the front end of the frame, and the mixing mechanism is located on the frame. The mixer can determine the ratio of concrete by using the fixed ratio concrete raw material feeding hopper, and determine the water-cement ratio of the concrete by using the adjustable quantitative water supply parts. The hydraulic cylinder drives the sprocket to lift the material, and the hydraulic motor drives the mixer. The oil cylinder is pushed and turned over, and the mixed concrete clinker is poured into the hopper of the underground concrete wet spraying machine. On the premise of not reducing the mixing capacity, the space occupied by the moving parts is minimized, which is suitable for roadway operation.

Description

Coal Mine Underground Concrete Mixer

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine underground construction, in particular to a compact concrete mixer.

Background technique

Concrete shotcrete support is widely used in the construction process of rock soil, tunnel and coal mine. It can not only strengthen and stabilize the roadway, but also play a good role in roadway sealing to prevent gas and water penetration. However, at present, the dry concrete spraying method is mostly used in the concrete spraying of coal mine roadways. Compared with the wet spraying method, the main problems of the dry spraying method are: high rebound rate, serious pollution, low quality ratio of reinforced concrete, etc. shortcoming. For this reason, the State Administration of Work Safety has listed dry spraying machines as eliminated products.

At present, in concrete spraying constructions such as railways and highway tunnels, the concrete used for spraying is all commercial concrete, which can be transported to the construction site by a mixer truck for spraying operations. However, the shotcrete site of roadway excavation in underground coal mines is generally hundreds of meters or even more than a thousand meters deep from the ground, and there is no special mixer truck suitable for various mines. Very uneconomical. Therefore, the more economical and practical method is to mix concrete on site. Currently, concrete mixers that can be used for on-site mixing include reverse discharge mixers and horizontal shaft forced mixers. A common disadvantage of these mixers is that they are designed according to ground construction. It is huge and cannot adapt to the construction work in the narrow space of the coal mine underground roadway.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a concrete mixer suitable for use in the coal mine underground roadway with a compact structure.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a compact concrete mixer suitable for use in underground tunnels of coal mines, which has the advantages of novel structure and convenient use.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the technical solution as follows:

Coal mine underground concrete mixer, including a frame, a feeding mechanism and a mixing mechanism, the feeding mechanism is located at the front end of the frame, and the mixing mechanism is located on the frame;

The feeding mechanism includes a support, a hopper, a hydraulic cylinder, a first sprocket shaft, and a second sprocket shaft. The support is composed of a bottom beam, two H-shaped steels erected above the bottom beam, and an upper beam;

The front end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom beam, the front end of the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first sprocket shaft, the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second sprocket shaft, and the two Both ends are connected with guide wheels, and the guide wheels are limited to the inner sides of the two H-shaped steels;

Both the first sprocket shaft and the second sprocket shaft are equipped with sprockets, one end of the main traction chain is fixed on the bottom beam, and after bypassing the sprocket on the second sprocket shaft, it pulls the upper hopper, and one end of the auxiliary traction chain is fixed on the upper beam. Pull the upper hopper in reverse after bypassing the sprocket on the first sprocket shaft;

There is a sliding seat on the outside of the H-shaped steel, and the sliding seat slides up and down through two moving wheels limited to the outer side of the H-shaped steel. The seat is rotatably connected with an upper hopper overturning oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the upper hopper overturning oil cylinder is connected with the connecting ear on the upper hopper.

Further, the mixing mechanism includes a mixing drum, the mixing drum is lying on the frame, a stirring shaft is arranged horizontally in the mixing drum, a stirring arm is erected on the stirring shaft along the length direction of the shaft, and the front end of the stirring arm is provided with a stirring blade .

Further, the mixing drum is composed of a main cylinder body and a cylinder cover, the inner wall of the main cylinder body is affixed with a wear-resistant liner, and the stirring shaft is supported by self-aligning bearings.

Further, the frame is L-shaped, the mixing drum is connected to the upper end of the frame through the lifting lug of the mixing drum, and the rotating connection of the mixing drum overturning oil cylinder is arranged on the frame, and the connection between the piston rod of the mixing drum overturning oil cylinder and the mixing drum ear connection.

Further, the lower part of the frame is an oil tank containing hydraulic oil.

Further, the upper hopper is divided into three batching bins by a baffle plate, namely cement batching bin, stone batching bin, and sand batching bin. The top of the batching bin is a discharge port, and a water tank is arranged on one side of the discharge port, and the water tank passes through The hose is connected to the mixing drum.

Further, the water tank is provided with a liquid level valve. The mine water is first connected to the hydraulic oil cooler, then connected to the spring automatic return valve, and then connected to the liquid level valve. The water tank is connected to the sprinkling pipe installed in the mixing drum through a hose .

Further, road wheels are provided under the frame.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The coal mine underground concrete mixer uses a hydraulic cylinder to push the second sprocket shaft, and the main traction chain pulls the upper hopper, and the upper hopper flip cylinder pushes the upper hopper to turn over, so that the process of concrete raw material feeding is decomposed into two actions: lifting and turning. The height used for the action is reduced, making the machine suitable for construction operations in coal mine underground roadways.

2. The turning of the mixing drum is driven by the turning oil cylinder of the mixing barrel. The position of the turning oil cylinder of the mixing barrel is set to increase its expansion and contraction ratio. On the premise of not increasing the action height, it is easy to pour the mixed concrete clinker into the concrete wet spraying machine .

3. The stirring mechanism is driven by a hydraulic motor, which not only overcomes the disadvantage that the direct drive of the motor reducer is not easy to achieve overload protection, but also facilitates the structural layout of each component.

4. The feeding mechanism adopts the principle of doubling. Every time the hydraulic cylinder rises by one unit height, the main traction chain and auxiliary traction chain jointly drive the upper hopper to rise by two unit heights, which enlarges the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder and increases the expansion and contraction ratio of the oil cylinder. The shortcomings of the unstable movement speed of the telescopic cylinder are eliminated, and the reliability of the system is enhanced.

5. The liquid level valve with adjustable liquid level is installed in the water tank, so that the water inflow can be controlled each time. Combined with the spring automatic return valve, it can ensure the same amount of water poured into the mixing drum each time, and the water-cement ratio of the mixed concrete is guaranteed.

6. The upper hopper is divided into three batching bins by the baffle, which are cement batching bin, stone batching bin, and sand batching bin. The capacity of each batching bin controls the ratio of each concrete raw material.

7. Make full use of the fuselage structure and use the lower part of the frame as the fuel tank to make the whole machine more compact, saving space and reducing costs.

8. The stirring shaft is supported by self-aligning bearings, which can adapt to the greater resistance during the stirring process. The combined sealing form of rubber seals and floating seals can better protect the bearings and prolong the life of the machine.

9. There are walking wheels under the frame, which is convenient to carry and walk in the roadway, which enhances the flexibility of the concrete mixer and reduces the labor intensity of the workers.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an underground concrete mixer in a coal mine.

Fig. 2 is a state diagram of the upper hopper turning over.

Fig. 3 is a state diagram of the mixing drum turning over.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the feeding mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper hopper.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the mixing drum.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the quantitative water supply of the mixing drum.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the coal mine underground concrete mixer includes a frame 2, a feeding mechanism 1 and a mixing mechanism 3, the feeding mechanism 1 is located at the front end of the frame 2, and the mixing mechanism 3 is located on the frame 2.

The feeding mechanism 1 comprises a support 11, a hopper 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13, a first sprocket shaft 14, and a second sprocket shaft 15. The support 11 consists of a bottom beam 111, two H-shaped steels 112 erected above the bottom beam 111 and The upper beam 113 constitutes.

The front end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the bottom beam 111, the front end of the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the first sprocket shaft 14, the rear end of the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the second sprocket shaft 15, and the first sprocket shaft 14 Both ends of the second sprocket shaft 15 are connected with guide wheels 16, and the guide wheels 16 are limited to the inner sides of the two H-shaped steels 112.

Both the first sprocket shaft 14 and the second sprocket shaft 15 are provided with a sprocket 17, one end of the main traction chain 18 is fixed on the bottom beam 111, and the upper hopper 12 is pulled after bypassing the sprocket 17 on the second sprocket shaft 15. One end of the traction chain 19 is fixed on the upper beam 113 , and pulls the upper hopper 12 reversely after bypassing the sprocket 17 on the first sprocket shaft 14 .

The outer side of the H-shaped steel 112 is provided with a sliding seat 4, and the sliding seat 4 slides up and down through two moving wheels 41 limited to the outer side of the H-shaped steel 112. The hopper 12 leans against the slide seat 4, and the slide seat 4 is rotatably connected with an upper hopper overturning oil cylinder 42, and the piston rod of the upper hopper overturning oil cylinder 42 is connected with the connecting ear 122 on the upper hopper 12.

Stirring mechanism 3 comprises mixing cylinder 31, and mixing cylinder 31 lies on the frame 2, and stirring shaft 32 is horizontally arranged in mixing cylinder 31, and stirring arm 33 is erected along the lengthwise direction dislocation of stirring shaft 32, and stirring arm 33 A stirring blade 34 is provided at the front end. The mixing drum 31 is composed of a main cylinder body 311 and a cylinder cover 312. The inner wall of the main cylinder body 311 is pasted with a wear-resistant liner 313, and the stirring shaft 32 is supported by self-aligning bearings. The frame 2 is L-shaped, and the mixing drum 31 is connected to the upper end of the frame 2 through the lifting lug 314 of the mixing drum. The connecting ear 315 on the mixing drum 31 is connected. The bottom of the frame 2 is an oil tank for holding hydraulic oil, and the bottom of the frame 2 is provided with road wheels 21 .

The upper hopper 12 is divided into three batching bins by baffles, namely cement batching bin, stone batching bin, and sand batching bin. The tube is connected to the mixing drum 31 . The water tank 5 is provided with a liquid level valve 51. The mine water is first connected to the hydraulic oil cooler 52, then connected to the spring automatic return valve 53, and then connected to the liquid level valve 51. The water tank 5 is connected to the mixing drum 31 through a hose. The inner sprinkler pipe 54 is connected.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the hydraulic cylinder 13 pushes the first sprocket shaft 14 and the second sprocket shaft 15, and the main traction chain 18 and the auxiliary traction chain 19 jointly drive the upper hopper 12 to rise, and the concrete The raw material feeding process is decomposed into two actions of lifting and turning, which can effectively reduce the height occupied by the actions. The feeding mechanism adopts the principle of doubling. Every time the hydraulic cylinder 13 rises by one unit height, the main traction chain 18 and the auxiliary traction chain 19 jointly drive the upper hopper 12 to rise by two unit heights, which enlarges the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 13 and increases the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder. It overcomes the shortcomings of the unstable movement speed of the telescopic cylinder and enhances the reliability of the system.

One end of the main traction chain 18 is fixed on the bottom beam 111 and pulls the upper hopper 12 after bypassing the sprockets. The front end of the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the first sprocket shaft 14. The sprocket 17 on the sprocket shaft 14 reversely pulls the upper hopper 12 to realize synchronous pulling of the upper hopper 12 in two directions, and the displacement speed of the upper hopper 12 is 2 times that of the hydraulic cylinder 13 lifting speed.

The upper hopper 12 rotates around the hopper wheel of the rotating shaft to complete the feeding process to the mixing drum 31. It is precisely because of this structure that the turning radius of the upper hopper 12 can be made relatively small, which reduces the time for feeding. space occupied. Above the upper hopper is a quantitative water tank, that is, when the dry material is supplied to the mixing drum, the quantitative water supply of the mixer is completed and the mixing is completed. After the feeding is completed, turn the piston rod of the upper hopper flip cylinder 42 back, and the upper hopper returns to the state as shown in Figure 1, then use the operating valve to control the rise of the upper hopper and the retraction of the upper hopper flip cylinder 42, and the upper hopper 12 falls back to the ground .

The upper hopper 12 shown in Figure 6 is a welded piece of thin steel plate, and the inside is divided into three volume spaces by baffles, which are used to hold cement, stones and sand respectively. Because the required volume of the mixing drum has been determined by volume through calculation in advance The amount of concrete raw material and the ratio between the three, so as long as these three volume spaces are filled, the volume ratio of concrete can be determined, and its position is designed to be low, so that manual loading can be easily realized.

As shown in Figure 3, the mixing drum 31 pours the mixed concrete into the hopper of the wet spraying machine. The control handle of the multi-way valve is operated to make the piston rod of the mixing drum turning cylinder 35 stretch out, and the mixing drum 31 turns around the rotating shaft. , Pour the mixed concrete into the wet spray machine, and then control the mixing drum to turn over the oil cylinder 35 by the control handle after pouring, and the mixing drum is returned to its original position.

As shown in Figure 8, the mine water is first connected to the hydraulic oil cooler 52, then connected to the spring automatic return valve 53, and then connected to the liquid level valve 51, and the water tank 5 is connected to the sprinkler pipe 54 arranged in the mixing drum 31 through a hose . The operating principle of the spring automatic return valve 53 is that under normal conditions, the ball valve is in a closed state under the effect of the spring force, and when the external force acts on the ball valve handle, the ball valve opens and the pipeline is connected. The working principle of the liquid level valve is that when the water level in the water tank drops, the valve opens to supply water. When the water level rises to the required water level, the float valve closes and the valve stops water supply.

When the upper hopper is in the original position, it acts on the spring automatic return valve, and the spring automatic return valve is opened, and the mine water is passed through the liquid level valve by the spring automatic return valve and enters the water tank. When the water level in the water tank reaches the required water level, the liquid level valve is automatically closed, and the water supply to the water tank is stopped. When the upper hopper starts feeding, the spring automatic return valve is automatically closed under the action of the spring force. As the upper hopper rises and turns over, the mine water in the water tank enters the mixing drum sprinkler pipe through the pipe under the action of gravity, and starts to sprinkle water. When the upper hopper is loaded with material and returns to the original position, the spring automatic return valve is opened to start supplying water to the water tank. One cycle is complete.

Of course, the above descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention shall also belong to the present invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. concrete mixer under the coal mine, it is characterized in that: comprise frame, feed mechanism and rabbling mechanism, feed mechanism is positioned at the front end of frame, and rabbling mechanism is positioned on the frame;

Said feed mechanism comprises support, elevating hopper, hydraulic cylinder, first sprocket shaft, second sprocket shaft, and support is made up of bottom girder, the two H shaped steel that is erected at bottom girder top and upper beam;

The front end of the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is connected with bottom girder; The front end of the cylinder barrel of hydraulic cylinder connects first sprocket shaft; The rear end of the cylinder barrel of hydraulic cylinder connects second sprocket shaft, and the two ends of first sprocket shaft and second sprocket shaft all are connected with directive wheel, and directive wheel is limited in the inboard of two H shaped steel;

Be provided with sprocket wheel on first sprocket shaft and second sprocket shaft, main haulage chain one end is fixed in bottom girder, walks around tractive elevating hopper behind the sprocket wheel on second sprocket shaft, and auxilliary haulage chain one end is fixed in upper beam, walks around reverse tractive elevating hopper behind the sprocket wheel on first sprocket shaft;

The arranged outside of H shaped steel has slide; Slide slides up and down through two moving wheels that are limited in the H shaped steel outside; The left and right sides, upper end of elevating hopper is rotationally connected through hanger and slide; Elevating hopper leans against on the slide, is rotatably connected to the elevating hopper overturning oil cylinder on the slide, and the piston rod of elevating hopper overturning oil cylinder is connected with engaging lug on the elevating hopper.

2. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said rabbling mechanism comprises mixing drum; The mixing drum accumbency is on frame; Be horizontally arranged with shaft in the mixing drum, the length direction dislocation of shaft upper edge axle is erect has mixing arm, and the front end of mixing arm is provided with stirring vane.

3. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said mixing drum is made up of main cylinder and cover two parts, and the inwall of main cylinder posts abrasion-proof backing block, and shaft adopts self-aligning bearing to support.

4. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said frame is L-shaped; Mixing drum is connected with the frame upper end through the hanger of mixing drum; Frame is provided with the mixing drum overturning oil cylinder that is rotationally connected, and the piston rod of mixing drum overturning oil cylinder is connected with engaging lug on the mixing drum.

5. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the bottom of said frame is the fuel tank that holds hydraulic oil.

6. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said elevating hopper is divided into three batch bins by baffle plate; Be respectively cement ingredient storehouse, stone batch bin, sand batch bin; The batch bin top is a discharging opening, and a side of discharging opening is provided with water tank, and water tank is connected with mixing drum through flexible pipe.

7. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: be provided with liquid level valve in the said water tank; Mine water at first inserts hydraulic oil cooler; Connect spring automatic homing valve afterwards, connect liquid level valve again, water tank is connected with sprinkler pipe in being arranged on mixing drum through flexible pipe.

8. concrete mixer under the coal mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the below of said frame is provided with road wheel.

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