CN102580826B - Cylinder type specific cutter grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylindrical special knife pulverizer, the cylindrical special knife is a fence cylinder type, and the cylindrical special knife is a fixed cross-combined crushing knife with internal teeth and external teeth, which includes: primary crushing for raw materials, fixed special knife circle (5, 2), coarse crushing moving and fixed knife ring (19, 14), fine moving and fixed knife ring (20, 15), ultra-fine moving and fixed knife ring (21, 16); The internal moving and fixed knife rings of the special-type special knife pulverizer completely adopt the self-invented fence-type combined knife, which is developed and applied in the pulverizer, especially in the ultra-fine processing of soft, soft, hard, plastic and other characteristic materials represented by fibers. An ideal crushing machine.

Description

Drum Type Special Knife Crusher

technical field

The invention relates to a cylindrical special knife pulverizer, which belongs to the technical field of pulverizers.

Background technique

In the 21st century, biorefinery technology appeared, such as the production of ethanol from wood fiber. The pretreatment in this technology has opened up a new and vibrant prospect for the ancient biomass industry including fiber shredders.

However, with the development of modern science and technology, it is increasingly difficult for traditional pulverizers to meet the needs of modern production, especially the more urgent requirements for ultra-fine fiber materials at room temperature. For example, fine crushing of refined cotton in paper pulp, chemical fiber, and light industry, fine crushing of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), ethyl cellulose (cellulose acetate) and microcrystalline cellulose, plant hemp straw, silk, chitin and Fine crushing of Chinese herbal medicines, fine crushing of raw materials for making high-strength and high-density wood and bamboo boards, etc.

It is difficult for these materials to meet the ideal requirements with ordinary pulverizers, and it is difficult to be accepted by users because of the high cost of low-temperature freezing auxiliary pulverization. Therefore, the superfineness of tough, viscous, plastic and fiber materials has always been a difficult problem for powder preparation technicians at home and abroad. Engineers and technicians from all over the world have carried out a lot of research work, the purpose is to find an ideal method for ultra-fine processing of the above materials at room temperature. In this regard, the former Soviet Union, Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan have made great achievements in research. Especially the former Soviet Union has developed two types of horizontal wet crushing jacketed water-cooled pulverizers and put them on the market.

Example: Conical Horizontal Grinder

When using this machine to crush fibers, mix slurry with a certain concentration with water, pump it into the inlet of the small-diameter end of the cone with high pressure, arrange 2-3 segments of knife beams arranged at a certain distance along the busbar on the outer wall of the rotor conical shell, and in the cone of the stator 2-3 sections are also arranged on the shell to bend into 170°-174° angle knives, and they should form an included angle of 3°-5° with the rotor. In this way, this structure can ensure the stability of the circumferential force in the whole pulverization process, and avoid collision of the knives when the knife spacing between the rotor and the stator is exactly the same. The slurry is pulverized between the conical ring cavity knives prepared in this way, and discharged from the large diameter conical end.

The advantages of this machine are large production capacity, finer products and stable quality. The disadvantage is that the conical drum takes up a large part of the space of the pulverizer, the energy consumption is large, the starting current is large, the installed capacity is large, and it is inconvenient to disassemble.

For example: ДMK ring disc crusher, which is a horizontal wet crushing jacketed water-cooled type. The main difference from the conical pulverizer is that it uses an annular disc cutter, and there are three sections arranged in sequence in the axial direction of the machine: loosening section, primary crushing section and crushing section. The corresponding layout of the crushing section blades is to ensure that the cellulose is crushed. This makes it possible to increase the number of size cuts by increasing the speed (generally around 600,000), the cutting speed is 15 m/s, and the thickness of the slicing knife is 2 mm). Therefore, the size of the pulverizer is much smaller than that of a pulverizer equipped with ordinary sheet knives. The difference from the conical pulverizer is that in this machine, the cellulose can be pulverized as long as it passes through one pulverizer once. There are 100 fixed knives on the circumference of the pulverizer, and 80 movable knives. The knives are made of steel, the surface of which is hardened by carburizing, and the hardness of the steel after quenching is HRC55-60. The pulverization process is mainly manifested in the shortening of the fiber by cutting, and the kneading is mainly due to hydrodynamic factors, and the grinding effect between the blades is poor. Therefore, the specific surface and adsorption force of the pulverized cellulose are small.

The disadvantage of the ДMK pulverizer is that the homogeneity of the pulverized cellulose is not good enough, the specific surface of the cellulose is small, the production capacity of the pulverizer is low, and it requires complicated pulverizer accessories and more wearing parts.

Usually conical pulverizers, ring disc pulverizers, tubular (mill) pulverizers, etc. are only used for wet pulverization. Due to the high heat generated during the crushing process, they are all equipped with self-cooling devices.

Another example is the MД disc grinder, which is a new type of fine crushing machine modified on the basis of an old Russian disc grinder. The rotor of this machine has a relatively high peripheral speed (average U>30m/s). Since the turbulent vortex in the liquid flow forms a velocity gradient during the pulverization of the slurry, the cellulose in the material is not only subjected to mechanical action, but also is more strongly affected. The role of fluid dynamics. The flow velocity difference between the inlet and outlet in this type of pulverizer is greater than that of a conical pulverizer, so the pressure head caused by the rotor is too large, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the knife fitting interval and makes it possible to A larger number of knives are mounted on the surface. In addition, due to the speed difference, the slurry can be pulverized at a relatively large mass percentage (20%). Compared with other pulverizers, the efficiency of MД pulverizer is the highest. For the disc grinder, it can be used for both wet powder and dry grind. However, when it is used for dry crushing, powerful cooling measures such as water cooling, forced air cooling, and sometimes even liquid nitrogen cooling should be adopted for the grinding disc. Otherwise, due to the high heat between the grinding discs, it cannot be dissipated in time, which will cause the coking and denaturation of the crushed materials.

The above-mentioned conical pulverizer, ДMK ring disc pulverizer and MД disc pulverizer can pulverize cellulose wet pulp to micron level through water cooling at room temperature.

Another example is a pin mill, which is composed of a rotor, a stator, and a cavity wall impact ring. On the rotor and the stator, there are several rings of impact teeth arranged at fixed positions in the circumferential direction, and the teeth are generally square knives, also known as needle-shaped mills. Generally, the tooth structure and size of the rotor and the stator must be staggered and meshed according to certain requirements to improve the crushing effect. When working, the rotor rotates around the main shaft at a high speed driven by the motor, which generates a strong centrifugal force field and forms a strong negative pressure zone in the center of the crushing chamber, and the crushed material (gas-solid or liquid-solid mixture) is transferred from the rotor and The center of the stator sucks in, and under the action of centrifugal force, the material spreads from the center to the surroundings. In the process of spreading to the surroundings, the material is first impacted, sheared and rubbed by the inner ring rotating gear and the fixed gear, as well as the mutual collision between the material and the material. and friction and was initially crushed. The linear speed of the teeth increases gradually from the inner ring to the outer ring, and the material is crushed finer and finer by more and more intense impact, shearing, friction, collision and other effects during the movement to the outer ring. Finally, the material is further pulverized under the impact and counter-impact action of the outer ring rotating gear and the impact ring to achieve superfineness. Then, under the action of centrifugal force, it moves circumferentially along the inner wall of the crushing chamber until it is thrown out of the crushing chamber after the discharge port.

The pin mill has simple structure, small footprint, convenient operation, large production capacity, low energy consumption, low production cost, easy disassembly and maintenance, low price, good ultra-fineness, and has the functions of crushing, dispersing, mixing, conveying, etc. A variety of functions.

For fibrous and ductile materials, it needs to be crushed by relative rotation. However, the most effective force field from the fiber crushing mechanism is shear force and grinding force. The impact force field is powerless against it at normal temperature. From the above point of view, it is not suitable to use the pin mill as a special fiber mill.

First of all, it is necessary to change the pin-type knife type into a "scissors fork" type, and it is more perfect to convert the impact force into the friction force and shear force suitable for the fiber.

There is also a problem in the pin mill, that is, there is no mutual support at the upper end of the pin upright blade, so considering the strength of the pin blade, it is impossible to make it thinner, longer, or more.

The second is: when the rotor pin rotates between the two teeth of the stator, although it does not completely block the air material passage, the opening and closing of the rotation will generate air material pulse oscillations, which will affect the smooth cooling of the air material.

The technical problem of the MД disc mill is that the dry air cooling effect is poor, and forced ventilation is required or even liquid nitrogen cooling is required. This is because the gap area between the double disc grinding teeth is small and the ventilation resistance is large.

There are technical problems in the conical horizontal pulverizer and the MДK ring disc pulverizer: First, in order to maintain the area of the drum cloth knife, the area of the stator cloth knife and the water cooling area of the stator shell jacket, the diameter of the cylinder is required to be enlarged in proportion to the length of the machine. The body occupies a large area, and at the same time, because the annular gap between the rotor and the stator is small, it is also impossible to make it larger for the purpose of increasing production capacity. Therefore, the production of the drum needs to be matched with a larger diameter and a longer length to occupy a large part of the space. It is inevitable that the space utilization rate is low, the weight of the rotor is heavy, the natural starting current is large, and the installed capacity is large. In addition, on such a large-area rotor and stator Arranging the moving knife and the fixed knife requires installation without touching the knife. There are many wearing parts of the knife, and it is extremely inconvenient to install, disassemble and overhaul.

Ordinary fiber pulverizers produced in my country can only be crushed to 60 mesh, and even better, they can only reach 80 mesh, and the milling output is very low. It is the flexibility of the fiber that is difficult to crush and has a lot to do with the adaptability of the shredder blade.

A WDJ (SD) turbine horizontal pulverizer produced by a pulverizer factory in Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province is used for coarse pulverization of wood chips and fiber pulp boards, and an ACM-60 vertical airflow vortex micro pulverizer is ordered for use For fine crushing, during the trial production process, it was found that the pulverizer had the following problems in the crushing process:

One is: using a horizontal turbine pulverizer or a vertical airflow vortex micronizer to pulverize the pulp board before feeding the material needs to be prepared for fragmentation. Manual shredding is unrealistic. Although there are special crushers in the market, the capacity is not as good as that of pulverizers. Matching is a problem.

The second is: use a horizontal grinder for coarse crushing of wood chips. Because the wood chips are heavy and easy to sink to the bottom, they are easy to jam and vibrate with flying knives, so that they cannot be crushed evenly and full of knives. High energy consumption and low output are the reasons.

The third is: the internal teeth of the fixed fixed knife of the pulverizer are easily blocked by crushed fine powder, especially the larger wet material is easy to fill the gap between the teeth, so that the fine powder cannot go out and the coarse powder cannot enter and enter. Manufacturing continuity is poor.

The fourth is: the distance between the designed crushing motor, the fixed knife and the knife is relatively large, the wear resistance of the blade is poor, and the number of size cutting times and the matching of the grinding surface are added.

At present, in industrial powder making, the pulverization method is the most used, and the most widely used powder is the micron or submicron powder produced by the pulverization method and chemical method, and the production and use of nanometer powder are relatively small. .

Except for flammable and explosive materials, using water to isolate the air is the most practical way to use wet crushing. It is recommended not to use wet crushing. This is because wet crushing of fiber materials is difficult to make the fibers ultra-fine, and the crushed materials are often still Need to dry. Its crushing effect, product fineness, etc. are worse than supersonic airflow crushing, and if compressed air is used for supersonic airflow, the energy consumption at one time is high, and general users are unwilling to accept it.

Replacing non-renewable petroleum with renewable lignocellulose is the greatest hope project of all countries in the world. However, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of plant raw materials, they cannot be directly used as chemical raw materials. Therefore, whether it is physical, chemical, Biological, other methods or the integration of several methods are processed into chemicals, functional materials and energy substances (such as liquid fuels) that people need, all of which require complex and cumbersome pretreatment of their raw materials. For example: use physical mechanical crushing to increase the specific surface area of raw materials, make the biorefining enzymes easy to access the surface of cellulose, and the degree of hydrolysis of sugar is limited, and the energy consumption accounts for 50-60% of the total energy consumption of the process, so To make fiber pulverizers compete for a place in the production of cellulose fuel ethanol, the development of high-efficiency and energy-saving fiber pulverizers has far-reaching significance and is very important.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to disclose a fence-type special knife grinder to the public, and obtain the patent right according to law.

For avoiding above-mentioned prior art defect, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:

This barrel-type special-knife grinder of the present invention is proposed to solve the defects and deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology. Machine development and application, especially to provide an ideal crushing machine for the ultra-fine processing of soft, soft, hard, plastic and other characteristic materials represented by fibers.

As the preferred first embodiment prototype, the name that more accurately reflects the working principle of the material crushing operation state is "Vertical Air-cooled Air Flow Vortex Dry Type Fluidized Pulverizer".

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylindrical special knife grinder, the cylindrical special knife is a fence cylinder type, and the cylindrical special knife is a fixed cross combination crushing knife with internal teeth and external teeth. Type special knife grinder includes: primary crushing action for material preparation, fixed knife ring, coarse crushing action, fixed knife ring, fine action, fixed knife ring, ultra-fine action, fixed knife ring; nail strip key type primary crushing fly Knife, feeding primary air adjustment port and flange stator cutter head, rotor double cutter head, bearing frame, misaligned air adjustment plate, pulverizer support cylinder, first double-headed dovetail flat key, second double-headed dovetail flat key, second double-headed dovetail flat key, Three double-headed dovetail flat keys and the first push bolt, the second push bolt, the third push bolt, and the fourth push bolt.

It is preferred to crush the motorized and fixed fence-type special knife (hereinafter referred to as the dynamic and fixed knife ring with a minimum ratio of 1:1. If it is used as a fine crusher for household small-scale Baoqing seventh nutritional fiber, in order to facilitate installation and disassembly, it can be fixed. Partial thread buckle method is adopted; it is recommended that the maximum number of dynamic and fixed knife rings be prepared in 4:4, a total of eight rings of knife preparation method, that is, artificially stipulate the initial crushing of materials 1:1, coarse crushing 1:1, fine 1:1, ultra-fine 1:1, but you can’t stick to the four-process crushing form. The number of moving and specific knife rings should be determined mainly according to the characteristics of the material, the degree of difficulty of crushing, the number of meshes required by the product, the production capacity, and the actual situation of the user. For example, : As a test prototype, it is more appropriate to prepare the number of moving and fixed special knife rings in a ratio of 4:4. The special knife rings should be separately produced and combined in the machine to facilitate testing of different numbers of knife ring crushing technical parameters and convenient installation, disassembly and fixing methods; The number of dynamic and specific knife rings used for materials has been determined by laboratory tests or production practices, and it is a single-type production machine. Then, use the number of fixed special knife rings or the number of specific knife rings If the number is processed and manufactured as a whole, not only the concentricity is good, but also the installation, disassembly and maintenance are convenient, so it should be fixed as a whole.

The simple crushing process equipment is preferred to truly achieve high efficiency and energy saving of the grinder, so that the implementation of the example prototype "one machine with multiple functions" is proposed: "one machine picking" or "one shaft picking" for the four processes of primary crushing, coarse crushing, fine, and ultrafine "New design topic. Therefore, a trial method of 4:4, a total of 8 laps, is adopted. The basic requirement for each process is that the dynamic special knife ring is inside, and the Dingte knife ring is outside; but in order to avoid the initial crushing of the material, the two "taro holes" in the Dingte knife circle can also be changed to the Dingte knife circle inside, and the dynamic special knife circle Outside the knife circle; the initial crushing is housed in 1; the coarse crushing is housed in the outer ring of 1; the fine is housed in the outer ring of 2;

In this way, the movable and fixed knife rings of the fence-type special knife in each process are not meshed and crushed except for the side, and the inner and outer teeth of the fixed scissors and forks of each special knife ring are basically realized. The cavity blade crushes the size of the cutting times and the grinding effect of the grinding surface.

The structure of the fence-type special knife is preferably composed of: casting embryo shape, internal and external gear shaper, cold processing into many "scissors and forks" with good dynamic balance, no interface and fixed "scissors and forks" and its contour shape highlighting many "scissors and forks" with good ventilation and loading cooling effect "shape hole" can better apply shear force and grinding force, especially suitable for ultra-fine air-cooled normal temperature dry cellulose, so as to replace the existing wet fiber materials that are difficult to ultra-fine, and the product often needs to be dried disadvantages.

As a fence-type special knife, it is especially preferred that its structure consists of three elements: "knife", "fork" and "hole", so that they can complement each other better, be more reasonable and rely on each other, and be highly unified in the "fence-tube" special knife ring . For example: in the special knife circle, the production modulus is determined according to the production needs. Their relationship is: there are many "knives", the length of the "knife" and the large angle between the "scissors and forks". Naturally, there are many "holes", which multiply by orders of magnitude. This is the fence The basic conditions for the drum-type special knife pulverizer to have a good ventilation and uniform loading effect; at the same time, there are many "knives", "knives" are long, and the angle between "scissors and forks" is large. Naturally, there are many "forks" and the order of magnitude doubles. Under the conditions of slender ratio stability and allowable strength, the material structure of special knives can be made more, longer, thinner, and thinner, which creates conditions for the refinement of quantity and relatively improves the shape of special knives. shape, so as to solve the current pulverizers such as pin mills and pins that cannot be made too many, thin and long, resulting in poor water cooling and heat dissipation effect of wet pulverization, and high cost of heat dissipation by evaporation and sublimation of liquid nitrogen. The fence-type special knife is preferred, the knife is the circle, the circle is the knife, and the material of the special knife circle can be selected according to the characteristics of the crushed material, user requirements and anti-static conditions. Corrosion-resistant alloy steel or steel-based high-energy ion penetration resistance Made of heat-resistant, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials. It is worth mentioning that my country adopts high-energy ion infiltration technology, tungsten carbide-steel gradient wear-resistant material, which has high hardness, high strength, high toughness, and is especially wear-resistant. It is a surface modification technology for steel. Tungsten carbide-steel The service life of gradient wear-resistant materials is 4 to 15 times that of hardened alloy tool steel. The enriched layer of tungsten carbide wear-resistant material exceeds 0.3 mm, and the hardened layer reaches more than 1 mm, so it is economical to replace the knife with a new one even if the surface layer is ground to 1 mm. It can greatly prolong the service life of the special knife ring, which can replace the conical or circular drum type pulverizer, cancel the separate manufacture of the knife and the cylinder, and then attach the cumbersome installation or maintenance of the cylinder. More importantly, it saves the labor The bulky cylindrical or conical rotor makes the starting current relatively small, the specific power consumption is small, the production capacity is large, the volume utilization rate is high, and the occupied area is small.

The fence-type special knives have many "knives" and long "knives", and the surface area of the natural knives is greatly increased. In addition, the overall combination of the special knives ring is well balanced in machining, which is conducive to increasing the speed of the pulverizer and cutting the blade size of the natural material pulverization. The number of times and the area of friction increased. So as to solve the problem that the characteristic material is difficult to be ultra-fine, and the output is low and the quality is poor.

It is preferred that the fence cylinder special knife is left and right rotating "scissors and forks" type, so that its working principle; in addition to the wind-loaded vortex crushing, but more importantly: with the help of the centrifugal force of the rotating cutter head, the use of the inertia of the crushed material rotation The different left and right rotating fixed scissors and forks designed with alternating forces and moving and fixed knife rings are suitable for crushing at a certain angle, so that the materials can be turned up and down between the tooth valleys, rolled and cut up and down on the blade surface, so that Avoid the existing pulverizers that are heavy and easy to sink, gas and solid separation: the lower part has more material, the upper part has less material and more gas, and it is easy to jam the flying knife and vibrate under pressure, causing the dare not feed the material, making the machine idle more, and doing useless work. Completely overcome. At the same time, the special knife crushing adopts the form of wind-loaded material, orderly solid fluidization, and pushes the "shaped holes" between the uniform distribution and the circle to come out, so it is not easy to cause the existing fixed non-porous straight teeth. 1. The pulverized material is blocked by the pressure of rotating centrifugal force or other reasons.

The optimal solution to the problem of wind blockage, oscillation and pressure suppression at the moment of rotation of the motorized knife for pin crushing is that the method adopted by the special knife crusher is: the number of teeth of the dynamic and fixed knife rings during the four crushing processes is basically the same, and the cross angle is uniform. For each moving special circle knife Or if the inner ring wall of the fixed special ring cutter is left-handed, then the outer ring wall teeth are right-handed, and vice versa. In this way, the movable and fixed knife rings are interposed and meshed with each other, and the crushing will not block the wind, oscillate and suppress the pressure in an instant.

In order to assist the application of the fence-type special knife in the existing pulverizer structure:

As a further preferred nail strip key type primary crushing flying knife is a misplaced nail strip triangular key type auxiliary primary crushing, such as wood chips, which may be crushed in the middle of the feeding, to prevent the incoming wood chips from easily sinking to the bottom, jamming, and the special knife ring for primary crushing. Compression vibration, and at the same time play the role of fastening the rotor double cutter head and improving it into an I-type double rotor cutter head, preventing the disc and shaft from falling out.

As a further optimization, the primary feed air outlet is designed as an improved inclined double-feed air adjustment outlet, that is, the initial crushing is fed from the outside of the movable knife ring, and the middle adjustable butterfly valve is air-inlet with three forks, and the wind-loaded material is cooled. It is rare, but it has strong adaptability to the primary crushing of large and small materials. Such as small diameter logs, wood chips, sawdust, or reel pulp board, straw, seed material, grain and fruit, etc. are all suitable, and at the same time, it is easy to cut diagonally, such as small diameter logs along the fiber, and vertical feeding in the middle of the log will follow the rotation of the cutter head. Rotation affects the cutting effect, and the operation is very unsafe.

As a further preference, the upper air inlet in the middle uses a butterfly valve flap to adjust the primary air volume of the machine, so as to adapt to the control of primary crushing and to prepare and crush as densely as possible under the premise of wind-loaded material cooling.

As a further preference, it is considered that the primary crushed fixed cutter ring is cooled by wind-loaded material, and the pad between the fixed flanges on the primary crushed fixed special cutter ring is used to play the role of supporting joints and cooled by wind-loaded material.

As a further preference, a symmetrical double feed port is designed, which enters the gap between the crushed materials and also plays the role of preparing the primary crushing and cooling the air.

As a further preference, in order to open the coarse crushing, fine, and ultra-fine processes, the second time entering the cool air in the machine is supplemented under the volute, so that the general single-action cutterhead center protruding flat key bushing is improved to the "work" type double-rotor cutterhead On the one hand, hold up the primary crushed material and discharge it in the upper part of the machine; on the other hand, open eight lower air inlet holes in the vacant position of the lower rotor cutter head of the "I" type, and open eight air inlet holes on the upper ring of the bearing frame. There are round holes, and eight long round holes are opened in the supporting cylinder of the pulverizer to suck in the cool air from outside the machine.

As a further preference, the coarse crushing movable special knife ring is designed as the only fence-type special knife with inner straight teeth and outer helical teeth intersecting. Uniformly distributed suction machine up and down and down and down to cool the air.

As a further preference, a misplaced eight-hole air regulating plate is added close to the upper ring of the bearing frame to control the air intake in the secondary machine. Under the premise of adapting to the air cooling, the process of coarse crushing, fine, and ultra-fine is adjusted as much as possible with wind load The thick phase of the material is crushed.

As a further preference, the purpose of installing the inner circular sieve in the machine is to simplify the screening process equipment, and to control the finer mesh size of the outgoing product. Considering that the inner circular sieve of the outer casing of the fixed ring knife is easy to stick to the wall and block the flow of powder that does not pass through, the wind is adopted. The loaded material flows back to the secondary air inlet of the coarse crushing under fluidization, and is brought up into the machine with the negative pressure of the draft and then crushed.

As a further preference, the diameter of the V-belt driven wheel is smaller than the inner diameter of the concave tolerance matching flange, the outer diameter of the lower flange of the bearing frame and the outer diameter of the misaligned eight-hole air regulating plate are smaller than the inner diameter of the lower tolerance matching flange of the volute, and the lower blades of the rotor double cutter head The outer diameter of the disk is smaller than the inner diameter of the tolerance matching flange on the volute, and as long as the V-belt and the connecting hardware and software are simply removed, and then the rotating shaft is loosened and the fitting flange is loosened with a jack, the inclined double feed port and the rotating shaft can be lifted. The shaft and belt parts are operated on the maintenance frame installed outside the machine.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) The movable and fixed knife rings are meshed with multiple knives, and the cutting times are many, and the feeding size is strong, the production capacity is large, and the product powder is fine.

(2) Large frictional surface area, good homogeneity of crushed cellulose, large specific surface area and strong adsorption force, and high yield of finely crushed cellulose.

(3) There are many intersection points between the inner and outer teeth of the ring, no interface and a large fixed area, and the ring fixing effect is good. Then the slenderness of the knife is better than the stability, indicating that the special knife ring may be made long or intersecting. Under the condition of the crushing allowable strength, the knife can be made more, thinner, thinner, edged, and light.

(4) There are many holes in the fence cylindrical special knife shape, and the hole area is large, which shows that the crushing, ventilation and material loading, and cooling uniformity are good.

(5) "Multiple circles in one machine" - from the sample machine in the embodiment: the number of knives in the four stages of crushing are 1:1, and the number of knives in the fixed circle is 1:1. It is recommended to prepare a method of up to 8 traps. If you want to increase the thinning output, it is recommended to increase the length of the ring knife.

In particular, although there are a large number of high-efficiency, energy-saving, and fixed-circle knives, the dynamic and fixed-circle knives installed in the machine are special-shaped knives with compact structure, good strength and light weight. In addition, "knife", "fork", The height of the "hole" is unified in the "circle", which can cancel the cumbersome cylindrical or cone-shaped cutter head structure mode, eliminate the work of separate manufacturing of the knife and the barrel, and then attach the cumbersome installation or maintenance of the barrel. More importantly, the barrel Compared with the special knife grinder, the starting current is small, the power consumption is small, the production capacity is large, and the floor space is small. And it can crush cellulose at room temperature in dry air cooling, thus changing the production conditions of conical ring disc type crushers in normal temperature crushing cellulose, which can only be produced in wet water cooling process.

And "one machine with multiple functions" - change the traditional stand-alone single-purpose into primary crushing, coarse crushing, fine, ultra-fine, "one-shaft picking", so as to simplify the crushing process and equipment flow, reduce more shafts and useless power, Reduce the number of machines, reduce the design area and building use area, reduce operating personnel, and reduce construction investment costs. "One machine with multiple functions" - it can not only be used for crushing, but also has the functions of dispersing, mixing and conveying.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the drum type special knife pulverizer of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the primary crushing dynamic special knife ring of the cylindrical special knife pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the fixed ring knife of the cylindrical special knife pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the development of the four-process dynamic and fixed special knife ring centerline diameters of the eight special knife rings of the cylindrical special knife pulverizer of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of FIG. 5 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2 shows according to a preferred embodiment of the cylinder type special knife pulverizer of the present invention: the upper air inlet butterfly valve 1 is designed for adjusting the initial crushing of the dense phase as much as possible under the cold temperature of the wind-loaded material for adjusting the preparation, adopting The flange connection seat is on the flange of the primary crushing knife ring 2, and then the flange is ventilated with a gasket support seam, and it is seated on the flange of the tuyere 3 of the feed valve, and fastened with eight M10 bolts and nuts, etc. The primary air adjustment port 3 is centered and welded together with the flange stator cutter head 4; the primary crushing special cutter ring 5 is fixed on the upper plate of the rotor double cutter head 7 with three first double-headed dovetail flat keys 6, for the convenience of pushing the double cutter head The dovetail flat key of the head is installed and pushed forward for positioning or unloaded, and the first push bolt 8 of the cylindrical head with three special threaded ends is used for positioning; On the collar matched with the tolerance of the rotating shaft, the nail strip key type primary crushing flying knife 12 and the rotating shaft 10 are horizontally bolted to the upper end of the rotor double cutter head 7, and the second push bolt 13 is used for positioning, and the coarse crushing is fixed to the special knife ring 14, The fine fixed special cutter ring 15 and the super fine fixed special cutter ring 16 are respectively centered and inserted into the flange stator cutter head 4, fixed in series with four second double-headed dovetail flat keys 17, and positioned with the third push bolt 18; Coarse crushing dynamic special knife ring 19, fine dynamic special knife ring 20 and ultra-fine dynamic special knife ring 21 are respectively centered and inserted into the lower plate of rotor cutter head 7, fixed in series with four third double-headed dovetail flat keys 22, and used The fourth push bolt 23 is positioned, and the circular screen 24 inside the machine is fixed on the outside of the ultra-fine fixed knife ring 16 with a number of M3×6 small screws with a tolerance matching sleeve, and the grinder volute 25 is welded on the volute with a tolerance matching flange 26 and the outer edge of the volute lower tolerance matching flange 27, and are connected with eight volute supporting rods 28 whose lower ends are M16 bolts and whose upper ends are M10 internal thread holes, and eight slotted countersunk screws M10×45 are used to connect 26 Fasten, fasten 27 with eight washers and eight M16 nuts, and then use eight stud bolts M16 volute supporting rods 29 to connect the flange stator cutter head 4 in series, and the upper and lower tolerances of the volute are matched Flanges 26 and 27 are fastened with sixteen washers and M16 nuts; the lower tolerance of the volute fits the flange and is centered and welded on the support cylinder 30 of the pulverizer, and the upper ring of the bearing frame 31 is tightly fitted under the volute In the 27 holes of the tolerance fit flange, a bearing cover (with a sealing ring) 32 is fixed on the bearing frame 31 with six slotted countersunk screws MB×30; The outer ring of the groove ball bearing 33 is matched with the tolerance of the upper and lower ends of the bearing frame 31. The sleeve is filled with lubricating grease, and eight air inlet holes are opened on the upper ring of the bearing frame 31. Adhere to the circular ring rotating dislocation eight-hole air regulating plate 34, the flange plate at the lower end of the bearing frame 31 and the concave tolerance matching flange 35 welded horizontally in the support cylinder 30 of the pulverizer are closely matched, and eight M20×80 Bolts and washers and nuts are fastened, and the lower groove ball bearing 33 is fixed with a bearing lock nut 36 and a brake pad. The outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 33 is supported by a bearing cover, and fastened with six bolts M8×30; the driven pulley 38, fasten on the lower end of the rotating shaft 10 with the tolerance fit of the flat key 39; Belt 40 connects driven pulley 38 and driving pulley 41, cooperates fastening with motor 42 and flat key 43 tolerances again, and motor 41 is seated on motor base plate 44, with four M16 * 45 bolts and four M16 * 75 bolts and four One M16 nut, twelve washers to fasten, then use two top seat bolts to tension the belt, and finally use four T-head bolts M20×80 and M20 nuts to fasten the motor seat plate and the motor bracket 45; the transmission belt The safety plate is made of color plate with pattern holes, fixed with some M3 small screws.

The following table 1 is the embodiment of the material passing through a kind of cylinder type special knife pulverizer of the present invention, the preparation mode of the dynamic and fixed knife rings in the crushing process, and the configuration of the dynamic and fixed knife ring shape holes with wind-loaded materials. Air flow vortex undulation crushing action process.

Finally, it must be stated that:

1. The vertical air-cooled and dry-type material shredder is the first choice for the fence-type special knife crusher, but the dynamic and fixed knife rings can also be used for horizontal, water-cooled and wet-type material crushing or horizontal air-cooled dry type Finely crushed.

2. Fence barrel type special knife: it can be made into two types of straight barrel or cone barrel fence type special knife ring with slightly rectangular cross-section according to needs.

3. As for the transmission form of the pulverizer, the existing pulverizers have belt pulley transmission or direct-coupled transmission, etc. The prototype of the preferred embodiment of this design adopts general belt pulley transmission, but it can also be directly connected with a motor or frequency conversion speed regulation as required.

4. The cylindrical special knife grinder is generally a one-way rotary grinder, but it can also be designed as a two-way rotary grinder.

5. The invention’s tube special knife grinder: four basic requirements of the process: the moving special knife ring is inside, and the fixed special knife is outside, but in order to avoid the initial crushing of the fixed special knife ring to open two "taro holes", it can also be designed as a fixed special knife ring. The four-process layout mode with the knife circle inside and the dynamic knife circle outside. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather is defined by the following claims, and further, recitations in the foregoing description that relate to specific implementations are not to be construed as an indication of the scope of the invention or of the techniques used in the claims The limitations of the definition of the language. Various other embodiments and other various modifications of the disclosed embodiments will become apparent to and can be effected by those skilled in the art after reading the description of the present invention. But all such embodiments, changes and modifications are within the following claims.

Claims (6)

1. A cylindrical special knife grinder, characterized in that: the cylindrical special knife is a fence cylinder, the cylindrical special knife is a fixed cross combination crushing tool with internal teeth and external teeth, and the cylindrical special knife The pulverizer includes: initial crushing movement for material preparation, fixed special knife ring (5, 2), coarse crushing movement, fixed special knife ring (19, 14), fine movement, fixed special knife circle (20, 15), ultra-fine movement, Specific cutter rings (21, 16); staple-type primary crushing flying knives (12), primary feeding air adjustment port (3), flange stator cutter head (4), rotor double cutter head (7 ), bearing frame (31), dislocation air regulating plate (34), pulverizer support cylinder (30), first double-headed dovetail flat key (6), second double-headed dovetail flat key (17), third double-headed dovetail flat key (22) and the first push bolt (8), the second push bolt (13), the third push bolt (18), and the fourth push bolt (23). 2. The cylinder-type special knife pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary crushing action for raw materials, the fixed knife ring (5, 2), the coarse crushing action, the fixed knife ring (19, 14), the fine The movable and fixed cutter rings (20, 15), the ultra-fine movable and fixed cutter rings (21, 16) are made of inner teeth, outer teeth, left and right rotation, and straight helical teeth, which are fixed and intersected without interface to form "scissors and forks" and highlight the contour shape The "rhombic hole" structure. 3. The barrel-type special knife pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nail strip key type primary crushing flying knife (12) is a misplaced nail strip triangular key type, and the nail strip key type primary crushing flying knife and the rotating shaft ( 10) The centering level is fastened to the upper end of the rotor double cutter head (7). 4. The barrel-type special knife pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the primary feeding air adjustment port is an improved inclined double-feeding air adjustment port, that is, the initial crushing moves the material outside the special knife ring; the primary feeding adjustment The tuyere (3) is centered and welded together with the flange stator cutterhead (4). 5. The barrel-type special knife grinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor double-cutter disc (7) is an improved structure of the middle shaft sleeve of the I-shaped upper and lower turntables. 6. The barrel-type special knife pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor double-cutter type lower turntable, the upper ring of the bearing frame, and the dislocation air regulating plate each have eight ventilation holes and are supported by the pulverizer. Eight oblong holes are opened in the cylinder body to open the coarse crushing, fine crushing, and ultrafine process to replenish the cool air entering the machine for the second time under the volute.

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