CN102564393A - Method for monitoring and measuring full section of tunnel through three-dimensional laser - Google Patents
Method for monitoring and measuring full section of tunnel through three-dimensional laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN102564393A CN102564393A CN2011104482226A CN201110448222A CN102564393A CN 102564393 A CN102564393 A CN 102564393A CN 2011104482226 A CN2011104482226 A CN 2011104482226A CN 201110448222 A CN201110448222 A CN 201110448222A CN 102564393 A CN102564393 A CN 102564393A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for monitoring and measuring a full section of a tunnel through three-dimensional laser, and belongs to the field of tunnel engineering construction monitoring. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging target points in a tunnel to be measured according to a requirement; determining whether to adopt one-station scan or multi-station scan according to the monitoring length of the tunnel; erecting an instrument at a proper position and scanning the full section of the tunnel; after the scan is finished, importing data into a computer; registering point cloud data acquired through the scan to generate a three-dimensional model by applying three-dimensional data processing software; and generating a comparison model by combining a previous three-dimensional model for the same tunnel at different time, and selecting a specific section and characteristic points to generate a variation analysis chart and a variation analysis sheet for a corresponding position. By the method, the full section of the tunnel is monitored in real time, the speed and accuracy of monitoring and measuring work are improved, manpower and material resources are saved, the speed and quality for monitoring and measuring the tunnel are improved, and reliable guarantee is provided for tunnel engineering construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method, particularly a kind of tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method is applicable to that constructing tunnel headroom change monitoring measures, and belongs to tunnel construction monitoring field.
Background technology
China belongs to man of many mountain countries, and the tunnel occupies significant proportion in the building of China's mountain railway, highway.Adopt New Austrian Tunneling Method to construct more and more in the Tunnel Engineering of China at present; The principal feature that New Austrian Tunneling Method is constructed the tunnel be through many measurement means to excavating dynamically monitoring of back tunnel surrounding, and instruct the design and the construction of tunnel support structure with this.As the important component part of New Austrian Tunneling Method constructing tunnel, tunnel monitoring measurement work accurately, in time whether, direct relation the safety and the progress of constructing tunnel.How to gather the tunnel monitoring measurement data fast and accurately, improve the precision of data acquisition, the new equipment of invention monitoring measurement, new technology promote that the construction of Tunnel Engineering is the important topic of engineering circle research always.
In the existing monitoring measurement rules of current China, the instrument that the regulation monitoring measurement can be to use comprises: convergence gauge, steel are hung chi, spirit-leveling instrument, total powerstation.But spirit-leveling instrument, steel are hung chi, convergence gauge all because measuring accuracy is not high, receive tunnel construction infection bigger, be prone to cause construction to hinder to the tunnel, and workloads such as data storage, transmission, processing, analysis are big practical applications inconvenience.The technician adopts total powerstation to carry out in most constructing tunnel monitoring measurement at present; Total powerstation has advantages such as precision height, testing is convenient, data transmission is convenient; And can directly be connected with computing machine; In close friend's computer operating system, can realize automatic transmission, processing, the analysis of Monitoring Data.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem; The present invention proposes a kind of tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method; Its main body is that the applying three-dimensional laser scanner carries out the vault sedimentation to the tunnel and the country rock headroom is received the measurement that changes, and obtains tunnel full section three-dimensional point cloud atlas rapidly and accurately, DEM figure and DSM figure; And utilize computing machine to handle the required each item data of acquisition tunnel monitoring measurement automatically, realize that the tunnel is carried out full section monitors in real time.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method is characterized in that:
Step 1: lay the target point as requested in the tunnel that will measure;
Step 2: confirm to adopt still multistation scanning of station scanning according to the length of tunnel monitoring;
Step 3: set up instrument in position, adopt the phase interference method three-dimensional laser scanning system that the tunnel is carried out full section scanning;
Step 4: wait after the completion to be scanned with in the data importing computing machine;
Step 5: the applying three-dimensional data processing software, with the cloud data process step of registration generation three-dimensional model of scanning gained;
Step 6: thus the same tunnel different time before combining generates contrast model via the three-dimensional model that step 1 to step 5 generates; Select variable quantity analysis chart and variable quantity analytical table that specific section and unique point just can generate the relevant position; Thereby the monitoring measurement of performance specification regulation must survey project, satisfy requirement to Construction control.
Target point in the said step 1 is chequered with black and white reflective cross target.
Instrument in the said step 3 is a FARO-III type three-dimensional laser scanner.
Three-dimensional laser scanning technique is a kind of advanced person's a full-automatic high precision stereoscanning technology, is called " outdoor scene reproduction technology " again, is a kind of data acquisition modes based on face.The raw data that 3 D laser scanning obtains is a cloud data.Its principal feature is to obtain the three-dimensional data information of body surface fast, accurately and non-contactly; Has real-time, initiative and adaptability preferably; Can carry out fast flexible, complex-shaped, the irregular object of curved surface, high precision scanning; And Well-recovered, the gained cloud data is handled each item Monitoring Data that obtains tunnel monitoring measurement automatically through directly being transferred to computing machine, need not the complicated Data Post that wastes time and energy.
The present invention adopts the phase interference method three-dimensional laser scanning system; Utilize the continuous wave emission of laser beam, confirm the measuring method of interferometric phase to be applicable to close-in measurement according to principle of optical interference; Measurement range is generally less than 50m, and per second can be measured 10000 to 500000 points.
Tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method can adopt one-stop or multi-drop noncontact scanning survey; Need carry out unique point to monitoring section before the monitoring measurement and bury underground, and be the data registrations through the combination that unique point is monitored the cloud data that topological analysis and a plurality of survey station scanned between the cloud data.
Beneficial effect:
The invention has the advantages that: the authenticity that can guarantee the tunnel monitoring measurement data; Stop the man's activity of tunnel monitoring measurement data; Carry out the constructing tunnel early-warning and predicting according to the omnibearing true monitoring result in tunnel, reduce the risk in the constructing tunnel process, improve the quality of constructing tunnel; Can accelerate simultaneously the progress of data acquisition and processing, make Monitoring Data and analysis result can deliver construction party as early as possible, satisfy the requirement of information-aided construction better; Save human and material resources, practice thrift cost, increase work efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 faces point cloud chart and automatic recognition system for tunnel portal monitoring three-dimensional of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a tunnel of the present invention three-dimensional laser measurement point cloud atlas;
Fig. 3 is that tunnel clearance of the present invention changes contrast model;
Fig. 4 is a tunnel of the present invention a certain section each point headroom absolute change amount.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-4, tunnel of the present invention full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method comprises the steps:
Step 1: lay chequered with black and white reflective cross target as requested in the tunnel that will measure;
Step 2: confirm to adopt still multistation scanning (its concrete definite method is that those skilled in the art can accurately confirm or know in the known situation, belongs to prior art) of station scanning according to the length of tunnel monitoring;
Step 3: set up FARO-III type three-dimensional laser scanner in position, adopt the phase interference method three-dimensional laser scanning system that the tunnel is carried out full section scanning;
Step 4: wait after the completion to be scanned with in the data importing computing machine;
Step 5: the applying three-dimensional data processing software, with the cloud data process step of registration generation three-dimensional model of scanning gained;
Step 6: thus the same tunnel different time before combining generates contrast model via the three-dimensional model that step 1 to step 5 generates; Select variable quantity analysis chart and variable quantity analytical table that specific section and unique point just can generate the relevant position; Thereby the monitoring measurement of performance specification regulation must survey project, satisfy requirement to Construction control.
Specifically; With FARO-III type three-dimensional laser scanner is example, lays chequered with black and white reflective cross target in the monitoring point, and these targets will be scanned in the cloud data in the 3-D scanning process; In late time data was handled, software identification target automatically can be accomplished the data registration easily.Can quote existing reference mark when measuring simultaneously, system can change measurement data automatically and is counted as terrestrial coordinate value and absolute elevation value.
Tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method is through carrying out full section scanning to the tunnel every day; Day data be will work as and tunnel point cloud chart and three-dimensional panorama striograph generated through the software aftertreatment; Set up contrast model through the data that contrast the same day with the identical profile data of the previous day then; From this model, just can clearly see the convergent deformation situation of tunnel each several part; Obtain section comparative analysis figure, can intuitively obtain this tunnel inwall absolute position variable quantity of any arbitrarily through the figure contrast according to same section different time in the hole, tunnel.Can also generate topological error analysis table and observation station point Bit Shift through further processing; Generate analytical statement; Traditional tunnel cross-section each some position vault sedimentation and headroom changing value have been obtained; Can also obtain simultaneously the changing value of arbitrfary point in the tunnel model and be not limited to counting of each section mileage institute cloth, truly accomplish the full section monitoring measurement in tunnel.
Below only be an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, enforcement of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Claims (3)
1. tunnel full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method, it is characterized in that: step is following:
Step 1: lay the target point as requested in the tunnel that will measure;
Step 2: confirm to adopt still multistation scanning of station scanning according to the length of tunnel monitoring;
Step 3: set up instrument in position, adopt the phase interference method three-dimensional laser scanning system that the tunnel is carried out full section scanning;
Step 4: wait after the completion to be scanned with in the data importing computing machine;
Step 5: the applying three-dimensional data processing software, with the cloud data process step of registration generation three-dimensional model of scanning gained;
Step 6: thus the same tunnel different time before combining generates contrast model via the three-dimensional model that step 1 to step 5 generates; Select variable quantity analysis chart and variable quantity analytical table that specific section and unique point just can generate the relevant position; Thereby the monitoring measurement of performance specification regulation must survey project, satisfy requirement to Construction control.
2. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method, it is characterized in that: the target point in the said step 1 is chequered with black and white reflective cross target.
3. a kind of tunnel according to claim 1 full section three-dimensional laser monitoring measurement method is characterized in that: the instrument in the said step 3 is a FARO-III type three-dimensional laser scanner.
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| CN2011104482226A CN102564393A (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Method for monitoring and measuring full section of tunnel through three-dimensional laser |
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| CN102798412A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-28 | 同济大学 | Method for evaluating construction quality of tunnel drilling and blasting based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
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| CN104374780A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-02-25 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | In-tunnel three-dimensional laser scanning reflectivity correction method |
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| CN104976961A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-14 | 重庆市勘测院 | Remote automatic tunnel deformation monitoring system and control method |
| CN104989428A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-10-21 | 顾达容 | Tunnel construction lining quantity determining device and tunnel construction lining quantity determining construction method |
| CN105422175A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-03-23 | 宋金博 | Detection method for tunnel safety overhaul car with illumination function |
| CN105756711A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-13 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Tunnel construction primary support limit invasion monitoring analysis early-warning method based on three-dimensional laser scanning |
| CN106248054A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 梁晓东 | The parts transmitted for three-dimensional laser point cloud and coordinate and using method thereof |
| CN106401643A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel back-break detection method based on laser-point cloud |
| CN106524998A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-22 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for measuring tunnel linear exposed structural surface based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique |
| CN106930784A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-07-07 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Tunnel monitoring method based on 3 D laser scanning |
| CN107091616A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-25 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Special-shaped Tunnel Lining Deformation monitoring method |
| CN107246863A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-10-13 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of irregular bore tunnel inwall image projecting method of deploying |
| CN107830839A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-23 | 北京工业大学 | Three Dimensional Ground laser scanning data processing method and processing device |
| WO2018155590A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | Identifying device, identifying method and program for identifying position of wall surface inside tunnel appearing in photographic image |
| CN108801171A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of tunnel cross-section deformation analytical method and device |
| CN108917711A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-30 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | A kind of Tunnel Engineering 3 D laser scanning section measuring method and system |
| CN109141383A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-01-04 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | Application method of the three-dimensional laser scanner in subway tunnel detection |
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| CN109407111A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-03-01 | 长沙科达智能装备股份有限公司 | A kind of tunnel three-dimensional scanner feature knowledge method for distinguishing |
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| CN110986878A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-04-10 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for automatically extracting rail section based on mobile measurement system |
| CN111402308A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-10 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Method, apparatus, device and medium for determining speed of obstacle |
| CN111402308B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-08-04 | 阿波罗智能技术(北京)有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining obstacle speed |
| CN111553938A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-station scanning point cloud global registration method based on graph optimization |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |