CN102562170A - Low-temperature hydraulic turbine - Google Patents
Low-temperature hydraulic turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102562170A CN102562170A CN2011104552375A CN201110455237A CN102562170A CN 102562170 A CN102562170 A CN 102562170A CN 2011104552375 A CN2011104552375 A CN 2011104552375A CN 201110455237 A CN201110455237 A CN 201110455237A CN 102562170 A CN102562170 A CN 102562170A
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- nozzle
- impeller
- hydraulic turbine
- low temperature
- casing
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature hydraulic turbine. A rotor impeller end and a nozzle set are completely arranged in a cavity in a volute; a volute main body is placed into a perlite sand cold-keeping box; a heat-insulating cushion for insulating is arranged between the volute and a shell, so that a cold screen is effectively realized; an oil seal with an oil slinger structure is not used in a rotor, so that the use of a rotating part is reduced and the running reliability is increased; the nozzle set is completely connected with the shell through a nozzle clamping flange; the compressing degree of a nozzle compressing plate to a nozzle blade is adjusted by a disc spring; a nozzle turntable is axially and rotatably connected with a nozzle chassis and a nozzle adjusting mechanism passing through the volute is used for adjusting an angle; an outlet of the impeller is connected with a pressure expanding pipe, so as to reduce the flow rate at the outlet of the impeller and reduce the flowing loss; a lateral sealing and a shaft sealing of a wheel cover are respectively fixed in the axial direction on the nozzle clamping flange and a sealing gas piece; and the sealing gas piece and the oil seal are both fixed in the axial direction on the shell through bolts, so that the axial part of the whole turbine is conveniently positioned and mounted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field overbottom pressure recovery technologies such as low-temperature liquefaction, cryogenic air separation, relate to a kind of footpath axial flow low temperature hydraulic turbine, hydraulic turbine is used in particularly a kind of cryogenic high pressure liquid throttling step-down.
Background technique
Energy-saving and emission-reduction are chief component and important assurances of the global economy strategy of sustainable development, can effectively alleviate the restriction of energy bottleneck, set up energy-efficient society.The recovery of industrial complementary energy is one of key measure of energy-saving and emission-reduction in the large-scale energy-dissipating device, has important social benefit and economic value.The low temperature hydraulic turbine is the substitute products of Jiao-soup body throttle valve in the high energy consumption low temperature circulation meanss such as empty branch, LNG Liquefied natural gas; It is when satisfying the step-down of technological process needs; Can effectively suppress vaporization; Avoid the destruction of cavitation generation and the irreversible loss of highly pressurised liquid energy, and utilize the high-pressure energy generating of reclaiming, have considerable economic.
In disclosed patent in recent years; Relate to the having of footpath axial flow low temperature hydraulic turbine " a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling " and " a kind of liquid expander "; The patent No. is respectively 200810150526.2 and 200910023562.7; And the immersion type liquid turbine that is used for the liquified natural gas step-down of Japanese Ebara company development, its patent No. is US2006/0186671A1." a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling " discloses a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling; Rotor adopts impeller cantilever horizontal type structure; In order to solve of the harsh requirement of existing liquid expander to rate-of flow and brake power generating machine; Can adopt common generator, pump or fan braking, be applicable to the medium step-down of any small-large flow.But adopted disc in its structure, promptly increased a rotating component, can reduce its whole mechanical property undoubtedly." a kind of liquid expander " discloses a kind of liquid throttling and used full liquid expander, can solve in the empty branch flow process of existing tradition and adopt problems such as Jiao-pressure head that the Tang throttle valve brings loss, cavitation damage.But there is following shortcoming in it: 1) the liquid expander loss of refrigeration capacity is bigger, and its spray nozzle chassis one side is directly exposed in the air, and opposite side is a low temperature liquid working medium, and is very big through the cold loss caused by heat inleak of spray nozzle chassis, causes the liquid expander overall efficiency to reduce.In addition, adopted nozzle-regulation mechanism, can increase the loss of refrigeration capacity of decompressor equally, and caused reconciling mechanism and can not normally move through spray nozzle chassis; 2) only is connected the compressing nargin and can not regulate of nozzle holddown spring, increased that axially locating installs difficult and be difficult to guarantee precision between nozzle cover and the spray nozzle chassis through pin; 3) impeller outlet is trailed to manage with nozzle sets and is installed and fixed, and has increased the difficulty of complete machine axially locating; 4) impeller outlet does not use effective diffusion reduction of speed device, and the outlet medium velocity is high, and flow losses are big.The hydraulic turbine of Japan Ebara company development exists following shortcoming: 1) adopted the turbine rotor structural type coaxial with generator amature, so impeller size is suitable with generator size, machine volume is bigger, is only applicable to the application of big flow; 2) generator is immersed in the cryogenic media fully, and its cable material, sealed insulation etc. are had high requirements; 3) single braking mode only can use motor braking, inapplicable braking such as forms such as blower fan, pumps.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the throttling of a kind of cryogenic high pressure liquid and use hydraulic turbine; Existing low temperature hydraulic turbine loss of refrigeration capacity is big in order to solve, the impeller outlet flow losses are big and shortcoming such as complete machine structure location and installation difficulty; Can effectively substitute the liquid throttle valve in the high energy consumption low temperature circulation meanss such as the empty branch of existing tradition, LNG Liquefied natural gas; Reach the reduction rate of gasification, reclaim the purpose of high-pressure energy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technological scheme to be achieved:
A kind of low temperature hydraulic turbine comprises that rotor, casing, nozzle sets, spiral case, diffuser pipe, said rotor comprise main shaft, impeller, tooth cover or coupling.Main shaft is rotatably fixed in the casing through two plain thrust bearings in axle journal place; Triangle axle form is all adopted at the main shaft two ends; Its inflating end one side is connected with an impeller through the impeller fastening screw trip bolt, and opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling, can select for use generator, pump or blower fan to brake; Said rotor avoids the use of disc structure oil sealing, has reduced the use of rotatable parts, has improved reliability of operation.
The realization of said cold barrier mainly is the Design Orientation of whole mechanism and nozzle arrangements; The impeller of rotor end is included in the spiral case cavity together with nozzle sets integral body; And spiral case is belonged to part integral body, and to put into the pearlife cold insulated cabinet heat insulation; Between spiral case and casing, adopt simultaneously mat insulation heat insulation, make low temperature liquid working medium not be exposed to atmosphere environment under casing directly contact, therefore reduced cold loss caused by heat inleak to the full extent.
Said nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable, spray nozzle chassis, nozzle cover, nozzle pressing plate, nozzle supported flange, nozzle vane, nozzle conciliation mechanism, and wherein whole nozzle sets is connected with sealing gas spare through the nozzle supported flange, and then is connected with casing; Nozzle vane is fixed between spray nozzle chassis, spray nozzle turntable and the nozzle cover through what straight pin rotated flexibly, adopts the belleville spring of can regulate nargin that it is compressed through the nozzle pressing plate, has guaranteed that nozzle vane has certain pretension property; Be connected on the spray nozzle chassis to the spray nozzle turntable axial rotation, be connected with the nozzle-regulation mechanism that passes spiral case and then carry out nozzle angle and regulate, to adapt to the variable parameter operation of unit.
What said diffuser pipe was axial is fixedly mounted on the spiral case, in order to reduce the impeller outlet flow velocity, reduces flow losses; What the wheel cap side sealing was axial is fixed on the nozzle supported flange, and the axle sealing fixes on the sealing gas spare, and sealing gas spare all is axially fixed on the casing through bolt with oil sealing, is convenient to the location and installation of complete machine axial members.
With existing low temperature hydraulic turbine compared with techniques, advantage of the present invention is: effective cold barrier structure has been used in (1), will effectively reduce the complete machine cold loss caused by heat inleak, improves the energy utilization rate of system, reduces the energy consumption of cryogenic air separation, low-temperature liquefaction device; (2) the present invention has adopted diffuser pipe at the impeller outlet place, can effectively reduce the flow velocity of impeller outlet, reduces flow losses; (3) the present invention has considered and has improved the structure of a plurality of associated components as a whole, is convenient to the location and installation of complete machine axial members.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a hydraulic turbine assembly structure figure of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1: 1, spiral case; 2, mat insulation; 3, ice chest; 4, sealing gas spare; 5, axle envelope; 6, oil sealing; 7, joint; 8, lifting bolt; 9, casing; 10, main shaft; 11, oil drainage hole; 12, plain thrust bearing; 13, sealing gland passage; 14, spray nozzle turntable; 15, bolt; 16, pin; 17, spray nozzle chassis; 18, nozzle vane; 19, impeller; 20, diffuser pipe; 21, impeller fastening screw trip bolt; 22, wheel cap side sealing; 23, nozzle cover; 24, straight pin; 25, belleville spring; 26, nozzle pressing plate; 27, nozzle supported flange.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of low temperature hydraulic turbine comprises casing 9; Plain thrust bearing 12; Rotor; Nozzle sets; Spiral case 1; Diffuser pipe 20; Sealing; Ice chest 3.Casing 9 comprises lifting bolt 8, oil drainage hole 11, and the measuring temperature of bearing hole, the bearing oil supply hole, sealing gland air vents etc. all have joint 7 to be connected with corresponding pipeline on it.Rotor comprises main shaft 10, impeller 19, tooth cover or coupling; Nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable 14, spray nozzle chassis 17, nozzle cover 23, nozzle pressing plate 26, nozzle supported flange 27, nozzle vane 18, nozzle conciliation mechanism.Sealing comprises wheel cap side sealing 22, axle envelope 5, sealing gas spare 4, oil sealing 6.
Nozzle supported flange 27 axial compression ground in the nozzle sets is connected through bolt 15 whole nozzle sets with sealing gas spare 4, and then axially is connected fixing with casing 9; Spray nozzle chassis 17 is axially fixed on the sealing gas spare 4 through bolt; Nozzle vane 18 is fixed between spray nozzle chassis 17, spray nozzle turntable 14 and the nozzle cover 23 through what straight pin 24 rotated flexibly, it is compressed and keeps certain pretension property through nozzle pressing plate 26 employing belleville springs 25; Spray nozzle turntable 14 16 circumferentially is connected on the spray nozzle chassis 17 through pinning rotationally, carries out nozzle angle through nozzle-regulation mechanism and regulates; Simultaneously; Wheel cap side sealing 22 through bolt axis to be fixed on the nozzle supported flange; Axle envelope 5 makes whole nozzle sets and enclosing cover for impeller side sealing 22 be combined as a whole with wheel dorsal part axle envelope 5 and is fixed on the casing 9 through being bolted on the sealing gas spare 4.
As shown in Figure 1, oil sealing 6 axial being fixed on the casing 9 reach the purpose of oil sealing through sealing tooth on it and logical blanket gas; Diffuser pipe 20 axial being fixed on the spiral case 1 reduce the impeller outlet flow velocity, reduce flow losses.
The global design of hydraulic turbine is included the impeller of rotor end in spiral case 1 cavity in together with nozzle sets integral body; Avoided low temperature liquid working medium directly be exposed to atmosphere environment under casing 9 contact; Farthest reduced cold loss caused by heat inleak; Between spiral case 1 and casing 9, adopt simultaneously mat insulation 2 heat insulation, and spiral case is belonged to part integral body, and to put into pearlife HEATING BOX 3 heat insulation, with the minimizing loss of refrigeration capacity.
Working principle of the present invention is: the throttle effect of utilizing cryogenic high pressure liquid; The feasible energy that gets into the cryogenic high pressure liquid of hydraulic turbine is converted into mechanical energy in impeller; And through main shaft output, realize that overbottom pressure reclaims, the generation that effectively suppresses vaporization simultaneously or avoid fully gasifying; Thereby improve the extraction ability of a whole set of air separation plant, reduced the energy consumption of system.
Cryogenic high pressure liquid is after piping enters into spiral case 1; Be assigned to working medium on the nozzle ring uniformly through spiral case 1 inner runner; Obtain acceleration via nozzle vane 18 backs, pressure can be converted into kinetic energy, radially flows into 19 inlets of impeller shown in Fig. 1 then; Through its acting of impeller 19 back, its pressure can with kinetic energy be converted into rotor the kinetic energy driving its run up.Promptly reached the required static pressure of technological process after the liquid refrigerant step-down is done manual work and flowed out from impeller 19 outlet ports.Impeller 19 and main shaft 10 form through the triangle axle is connected fixing, because of the triangle axle has bigger moment of inertia and very high strength and stiffness, can guarantee well-formed's stress distribution, therefore is fit to the high rotating speed of hydraulic turbine, characteristics that power is bigger.Behind the working medium entering diffuser pipe of impeller outflow, axial velocity reduces gradually, has reduced the flow losses of subsequent flowing process, and pressure slightly raises simultaneously.The cold barrier way to solve the problem of said low temperature hydraulic turbine: the impeller of rotor end is included in spiral case 1 cavity together with nozzle sets integral body; And spiral case is belonged to part integral body put into pearlife HEATING BOX 3 heat-insulation and heat-preservations; Make low temperature liquid working medium not be exposed to atmosphere environment under casing 9 directly contact; Therefore reduce cold loss caused by heat inleak to the full extent, between spiral case 1 and casing 9, adopt mat insulation 2 heat insulation simultaneously, to reduce loss of refrigeration capacity.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Yet be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with the professional and technical personnel, in not breaking away from technological scheme scope of the present invention; When the method for above-mentioned announcement capable of using and technology contents are made a little change or be modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; In every case be the content that does not break away from technological scheme of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, still belong in the scope of technological scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. low temperature hydraulic turbine; Comprise rotor, casing, nozzle sets, spiral case and diffuser pipe; It is characterized in that: the impeller end of said rotor is included in the spiral case cavity together with nozzle sets integral body; It is heat insulation that spiral case place part integral body is put into the pearlife cold insulated cabinet, between spiral case and casing, adopts mat insulation heat insulation simultaneously.
2. low temperature hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said rotor comprises main shaft, impeller, tooth cover or coupling; Said main shaft is rotatably fixed in the casing through two plain thrust bearings in axle journal place, and triangle axle form is all adopted at the main shaft two ends, and main shaft inflating end one side is connected with an impeller through the impeller fastening screw trip bolt, and main shaft inflating end opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling.
3. low temperature hydraulic turbine impeller outlet connects diffuser pipe according to claim 1, to reduce the impeller outlet flow velocity, reduces flow losses.
4. low temperature hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said nozzle sets is whole to be connected with casing through the nozzle supported flange, and the nozzle supported flange is axial is fixed with the wheel cap side sealing; On the said casing through bolt axis to being fixed with sealing gas spare and oil sealing, the axial axle envelope that is fixed with on the sealing gas spare; What said diffuser pipe was axial is fixedly mounted on the spiral case, and complete machine structure is convenient to axially precisely location and installation.
5. low temperature hydraulic turbine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable, spray nozzle chassis, nozzle cover, nozzle pressing plate, nozzle supported flange, nozzle vane, nozzle conciliation mechanism; Wherein whole nozzle sets is connected with sealing gas spare through the nozzle supported flange, and then is connected with casing; Nozzle vane is fixed between spray nozzle chassis, spray nozzle turntable and the nozzle cover through what straight pin rotated flexibly, is connected on the spray nozzle chassis to the spray nozzle turntable axial rotation, is connected with the nozzle-regulation mechanism that passes spiral case.
6. like the said low temperature hydraulic turbine of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said nozzle vane adopts the belleville spring of can regulate nargin that it is compressed through the nozzle pressing plate, and the nozzle pressing plate utilizes belleville spring to regulate the compaction degree of nozzle vane.
7. low temperature hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said main shaft inflating end opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling, selects for use generator, pump or blower fan to brake.
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CN201110455237.5A CN102562170B (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Low-temperature hydraulic turbine |
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CN201110455237.5A CN102562170B (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Low-temperature hydraulic turbine |
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CN102562170B CN102562170B (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102808773A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Pump with replaceable assembled liner |
WO2013097171A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Low temperature hydraulic turbine |
CN103746493A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Main shaft sealing device of high-speed turbine-generator applied to ORC (organic Rankine cycle) |
CN104136767A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-11-05 | 克里奥斯塔股份有限公司 | Cryogenic liquid expansion turbine |
CN112899039A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure reduction and energy saving method and system used in low-temperature methanol washing process flow |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20060186671A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Ebara Corporation | Submerged turbine generator |
CN101302941A (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-12 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Turbocharger with sliding piston, having overlapping fixed and moving vanes |
CN101333995A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling |
CN101644170A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-02-10 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid expander |
-
2011
- 2011-12-30 CN CN201110455237.5A patent/CN102562170B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060186671A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Ebara Corporation | Submerged turbine generator |
CN101302941A (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-12 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Turbocharger with sliding piston, having overlapping fixed and moving vanes |
CN101333995A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling |
CN101644170A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-02-10 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid expander |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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样军虎等: "能量回收液力透平研究综述", 《流体机械》 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104136767A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-11-05 | 克里奥斯塔股份有限公司 | Cryogenic liquid expansion turbine |
CN104136767B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2018-11-06 | 克里奥斯塔股份有限公司 | Cryogenic liquid expansion turbine |
WO2013097171A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Low temperature hydraulic turbine |
CN102808773A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 合肥工业大学 | Pump with replaceable assembled liner |
CN102808773B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-03-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Pump with replaceable assembled liner |
CN103746493A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Main shaft sealing device of high-speed turbine-generator applied to ORC (organic Rankine cycle) |
CN103746493B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-08-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of main shaft sealing device of the high rate turbine-electromotor being applied to ORC |
CN112899039A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure reduction and energy saving method and system used in low-temperature methanol washing process flow |
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Effective date of registration: 20221118 Address after: 710075 Room 106, B1, Phase I, Yungu, Fengxi New Town, Xixian New Area, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: Kaishan (Xi'an) Turbine Machinery Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710049 No. 28 West Xianning Road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University |