CN102561612A

CN102561612A - External shading parabolic-reflector sun-tracking solar collector integrated with building

Info

Publication number: CN102561612A
Application number: CN2012100238063A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张福隆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-02-03
Filing date: 2012-02-03
Publication date: 2012-07-11

Abstract

An external shading parabolic-reflector sun-tracking solar collector integrated with a building belongs to third types of solar utilization equipment and is combined with building external shadings to avoid main energy consumption of air conditioners due to direct sun exposure in summer. By using reflectors, illumination area unobtainable by other ways is obtained at the lowest cost, heated pipes are exposed to light with intensity many times of that of direct solar radiation, and as heat transfer speed is proportional to temperature difference, daily average heat efficiency of the collector can be improved greatly under the action of high heat of the heated pipes, especially in winter. The external shading parabolic-reflector sun-tracking solar collector is a new growth point of solar industry. Water supply pressure also serves as sun tracking power for the reflectors, and the whole external shading parabolic-reflector sun-tracking solar collector needs no external power. One external shading parabolic-reflector sun-tracking solar collector can be used in a single-storey house or added to a middle storey of a multi-storey building, and the solar collector can be mounted in a window cover type to shade sun and heat water. A plurality of reflectors of multiple solar collectors in a same row or column can be driven to track sun by one drive system, so that cost is reduced, and the buildings become predominant renewable energy buildings.

Description

With architecture-integral external sunshade parabolic mirror solar tracking solar energy collector

(1) technical field:

With architecture-integral external sunshade parabolic mirror solar tracking solar energy collector, summer external sunshade energy-conservation, winter solar can be utilized with architecture-integral on combine, building is become meet the green building of economizing energy law and the energy-conservation regulations of civilian construction.Low-carbon (LC), environmental protection, power-saving technology.

(2) background technology:

Solar energy collector uses flat the earliest, because many shortcomings such as efficient is low, cost height develop very slow.The appearance of electron tubes type has improved the thermal efficiency with the characteristics of hot well, with being worth, the solar energy utilization is developed rapidly in fact, becomes a huge industry.Because the structure of electron tubes type, be difficult on the wall of building and use, and along with urban building to increase the shared proportion of wall face increasing, in the today of being badly in need of solving building energy conservation, people have to return and use flat and architecture-integral.But flat structural shortcoming still exists, and particularly temperature is low in the winter time, sunshine weak, be difficult to produce the bigger temperature difference with absorption solar energy, and cost is higher.Electron tubes type or flat average daily absorptivity is the highest can only reach 45% to 55% no matter.

Summer, the sun was the major part of air conditioning energy consumption to the direct projection of building, the energy-conservation and building external sunshade facility that is provided with of the summer air-conditioning of still doing nothing at present.

(3) summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is outside flat, two kinds of heat collectors of electron tubes type; Design the third new solar energy collector; Enlarge the exposed area, assemble sunshine, improve the heating-up temperature of heating tube with science, the simplest, the most most economical method; With the average daily thermal efficiency of by a relatively large margin raising solar energy collector, this also is the unique channel that improves the solar energy collector performance.Improve the solar energy collector performance in winter, northwards advance and use the zone.And surround whole building area of illumination with speculum, and form external sunshade, reduce the main energy consumption of air-conditioning that the direct projection of the building sun in summer causes, progressively replace original two kinds of heat collectors with dual-property itself.

Heat collector of the present invention can design use with dwelling house and public building, can carry out the system reform to original building and make it become energy-conservation green building.Also but unit uses on Minor Construction in original one-storey house, dispersion, the original building and can't use the intermediate floor of vacuum tube collector also can install and use, and being installed on the window that wherein ' window cover type ' can be independent is sunshade hot water again.The market access that this has made things convenient for this heat collector has enlarged market scope and value.

With architecture-integral external sunshade reflector sun-chasing solar energy collector [hereinafter to be referred as heat collector]; The solar space heating facility [hereinafter to be referred as the heating device] that comprises the solar water heater [hereinafter to be referred as geyser] that is used to add hot water and be used for heating is that external sunshade makes building energy-saving and utilizes the equipment of these solar energy.

1. basic technical features:

Solar energy is the lower energy of energy density, especially in the winter time.Desiring to obtain it will have big exposed area, and must it be put together generation high temperature absorbing and transporting heat energy.Most economical method is to use parabolic post mirror as speculum [hereinafter to be referred as speculum], reflexes to the optical characteristics on its focal line because parabolic post mirror has sunshine concentrated, and speculum width and heat pipe diameter ratio, is easy to accomplish more than ten times.Be that heat pipe receives the illumination that decuples sun direct projection; Because heat transfer rate is directly proportional with the temperature difference; That is to say the present invention be heated tube wall liquid in it heat transfer rate tradition improve more than ten times, this is scientific basis and basis that the present invention can significantly improve geyser ' the per day thermal efficiency '.

Using speculum just must make its solar tracking, with the simplest method, realize reflector sun-chasing, is that this patent can be with the key that realizes.The solar tracking in space can be synthesized by level, vertical both direction; Because the features space solar tracking of parabolic post mirror can be accomplished by unidirectional solar tracking; It is very little particularly under the situation that speculum is arranged, to abandon two-way solar tracking heat waste, and structure is simplified greatly and made invention have realization property.Use vertical unidirectional solar tracking during the horizontal dress of speculum, the unidirectional solar tracking of usage level during the perpendicular dress of speculum.Vertically can be through the adjustment speculum during solar tracking burnt accurate wide apart from, mirror; Focal line, the center of gravity line of speculum are overlapped on centre of gyration line; So vertical solar tracking overcome friction and need not to overcome the gravity distance for the requirement of the three-way coincidence of horizontal solar tracking, hanged down.

The power of solar tracking is taken from pressure of supply water, drives the piston in the double cylinder, twoly goes out piston rod and affects wire rope to drive reflector sun-chasing through rope sheave.Speculum to day sensing use two back-to-back being installed on the speculum and the photocell group parallel with the speculum symmetrical plane.When speculum during not to day, must there be a slice photovoltaic cell module to receive to supply water to double cylinder one side according to producing voltage, drive the meta switching-over of the electromagnetic valve that links to each other by self-locking, drive reflector sun-chasing to the day state.So complete machine does not use external power.

2. external sunshade:

For building reduces the external sunshade equipment that main air conditioning energy consumption designs summer, rows of mirrors is listed on building roof and the wall area of illumination, and building is not directly shone.And speculum and building have the distance more than 30 centimetres, and the heat of speculum can not imported building into.Speculum outside the building eaves can have perpendicular dress and horizontally adorn two kinds, and perpendicular dress is comparatively attractive in appearance.The perpendicular dress of Nan Qiang needs because of sunshade, and suggestion is continuously at a distance from arranging, and arrange not interference distance C winter up and down during the horizontal dress of southern wall, when the wide a of speculum is definite value, is the function of latitude, through calculating: when north latitude 40 is spent (Beijing area) C=1.12a.North latitude 30 degree (area, Shanghai) C=1.25a.North latitude 23.5 degree (area, Guangzhou) C=1.37a.The East and West direction wall is advised horizontal dress, and spacing can design with reference to Nan Qiang.

Window cover type: speculum is horizontal to be contained in up and down on the wall between the floor window; Have sunshade and heat collection function concurrently; Because winter, summer, solar incident angle had the variation of 47 degree; The different latitude area through adjustment reflector position, width, burnt accurate apart from making the sunshine that all blocks the direct projection window summer, does not influence the direct projection of sunshine to window winter at all.This machine can use by single window; Also can install and use simultaneously at a plurality of heat collectors of the same row of building [upper and lower], can be provided with a cover driving control system [photocell group, reversal valve, double cylinder etc.] this moment in intermediate floor, connected up and down by two steel cables; Carry out centralized driving control, reduce cost.

3. with the geyser in architecture-integral tabetisol district:

Dress water in the tabetisol district heat pipe, water are reflected the mirror heating after the utilidor thermal convection current gets into the top that places indoor top water tank, and the water tank bottom is connected with the heat pipe bottom through utilidor, and water tank and heat pipe form the thermal convection current circulation.Because heat pipe and water tank difference in height are unfavorable for thermal convection current for a short time, can make down the heat pipe in first floor room and the water tank of last layer be connected to form soft circulation circuit for the less building of floor height.The spacing of common building is less, and its low layer Chang Zhao in winter can use the heat collector of roof layer less than the sun, and through the temperature detect switch (TDS) control pump, forced convection is to the low layer heat supply.This endless form is equally applicable to following various geyser and heating device.For fear of the anti-supply channel that flow to of hot water, can one one way valve be installed in the water supply mouth of pipe.

4. freeze the geyser that decreases the area with architecture-integral:

Do not refill water in the heat pipe; Difference with regional minimum temperature; Can select different anti-icing fluid to pack in the heat pipe as heat-transfer working medium, the heat pipe upper end through utilidor be placed on water tank in heat exchanger on be connected, the heat exchanger lower end is through utilidor and heat pipe lower ends.Anti-icing fluid in the heat pipe is reflected after the mirror heating and the anti-icing fluid in the heat exchanger forms thermal convection current.Anti-icing fluid in the heat exchanger and the hydrothermal exchange in the water tank, the heating water.Because the position of storage tank is higher than heat pipe, thermogravimetric power self-locking at night in winter can outwards not fall to conduct heat.Because anti-icing fluid has bigger variations in temperature, so in pipeline, connect the pressure stability of people's bellows expansion joint (or bellows stabilizator, barrier film stabilizator) with assurance anti-icing fluid loop.

5. with architecture-integral ground heat pipe type heating device:

The tabetisol district, the interior dress of the heating device heat pipe water that is installed in the building lower position is connected with last layer ground heat pipe, realizes thermal convection current, and the geothermal heating thermal inertia is big, and room temperature can be more stable.

Freeze and decrease ground, area heat pipe type heating device, use anti-icing fluid to replace water, prevent and freeze damage as heat-transfer working medium.Pipeline should be connected to bellows expansion joint (or bellows stabilizator, barrier film stabilizator) systems stabilisation pressure.

Automatically stop heat supply summer: the temperature detect switch (TDS) and the limit switch of parallel connection; Be serially connected in the circuit of photocell group control reversal valve; Summer, temperature detect switch (TDS) turn-offed; Limit switch turn-offs when speculum forwards extreme lower position to, and speculum stops at no longer solar tracking of extreme lower position, promptly no longer to indoor conveying solar energy.

6. with architecture-integral unit heater heating device:

Be applicable to not water such as office, school, shop, also do not need the occasion of heating night.Whether icing area all is suitable for, and similar with indoor apparatus of air conditioner by little blower fan suction room air, after utilidor feeding heat pipe was by the speculum heating, indoor through the utilidor feeding again, hot air was in indoor forced circulation heating.When the cloudy day, can establish electrical heating and replenish heating.This machine is simple in structure, and cost is low.This machine also can be used for the ventilation intensification of vegetable greenhouse, the intensification oxygenation of aquaculture Chi Shui in winter.

Because the heat-transfer capability of air is relatively poor, can in the middle of heat pipe, establish the Z-shaped metal sheet roof covering interlayer in a cross section, the two ends and the tube wall elastic packing that is heated, cold air come and go a backhaul to increase heat exchange in heat pipe.

7. prevent the measure that water tank is overheated summer:

In order to make geyser winter better effect arranged, enlarged the exposed area (power) of heat collector, this can make the summer water tank temperature too high; Temperature detect switch (TDS) is installed in water tank for this reason; It is connected in the solar tracking control circuit, such as summer water tank temperature reach 80 degree, temperature detect switch (TDS) breaks off [operating temperature] and cuts off the solar tracking control circuit; Make speculum stop solar tracking; Stop to absorb solar energy, when water tank temperature be reduced to 50 when spending [reset temperature] reclose circuit, speculum continues solar tracking thermal-collecting tube is heated.

8. a self-contained flat can have heating device and geyser simultaneously:

Because the external walls of building area of illumination all can install heat collector, this can make many buildings unit have two or more heat collectors, can select the less heat collector of speculum as geyser usefulness, and bigger or two heat collectors are used as heating.This is that other solar energy collectors are not accomplished.

9. solar tracking interlock:

The solar tracking interlock is for embarking on journey with architecture-integral or be listed as the heat collector of installing, can use cover centralized driving control system's [photocell group, double cylinder, electromagnetic valve etc.] in the centre, realizing the synchronous solar tracking of a plurality of speculums.Simplified structure, reduce cost.

The synchronous solar tracking of a plurality of speculums can have dual mode; 1. rope sheave tandem: use wire rope that the rope sheave of each adjacent mirror is connected; 2. coaxial-type: heat pipe is installed on the same axis, through the drive block of speculum end face, to the adjacent mirror transmission, realizes synchronous solar tracking.Dual mode is compared, and the coaxial-type installation accuracy is wanted higher and speculum transmits the wind load moment of torsion.

(4) description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1. unit heat collector front views:

Accompanying drawing 2. unit heat collector left views:

In accompanying drawing 1.2., left arm (35) and right arm (45) are fixed on wall, roof or the ground through bolt (31), and its cantilever end endoporus is fixed with the heat pipe (40) of left rope sheave (46), right rope sheave (38) through two ends.Two rope sheave outer rim fixed mirror spokes (42) are on the backing strip (39) of the other end stationary mirror (41) of mirror spoke (42).Speculum (41) is linked by several backing strips (39) by two identical half mirrors, leaves the slit [in figure can't show] identical with heat pipe (40) diameter in the middle of the bottom and carries to reduce wind.

Get into heat pipe (40) through utilidor by the water inlet (36) of bottom from the cold water of water tank; By the hot water after the solar energy heating through delivery port (37), through utilidor flow to be positioned at indoor; Water tank under the roof forms thermal convection current between heat pipe (40) and the water tank.

The solar tracking power of speculum (41) is from pressure of supply water, and pressure of supply water promotes double cylinder (44) twoly goes out piston rod (33) motion.Soft drawn axle (34) after two left ends that go out piston rod (33) connect two, their other end is connected to the inboard of left rope sheave (46) and right rope sheave (38).Two right-hand members that go out piston rod (33) connect two preceding soft drawn axles (43), and their other end is connected to the outside of left rope sheave (46) and right rope sheave (38).Twoly like this go out moving of piston rod (33), make after two the direction of motion of soft drawn axle (34) and two preceding soft drawn axles (43) opposite, affect left rope sheave (46) and right rope sheave (38) to rotate synchronously, thereby turn round solar tracking through mirror spoke (42) drive speculum (41).

The soft drawn axle can use similar bicycle or motor brake with wire rope, sleeve pipe and secured adjusted assembly (32).Eight end points of four soft drawn axles install and fix adjusting part (32) respectively in piston rod and rope sheave exit, in order to the endpoint location of fixing four forward and backward soft drawn axles (43,34) and the tension force of regulating its wire rope.

Photocell group (47) is installed on the speculum upper peripheral edge, and makes its plane parallel with the focal line symmetrical plane of speculum (41).Plastic, transparent sleeve pipe (48) [seeing Fig. 2] is enclosed within outside the heat pipe (40), reduces heat leakage, does not vacuumize.Two drive blocks (49) [seeing Fig. 2] are only just established in the interlock of multiple reflection mirror coaxial-type.Double cylinder (44), adjustment assembly (32) are contained in and place in the indoor control cabinet (30), and forward and backward soft drawn axle (43,34) is led to outdoor by wall hole.

Accompanying drawing 3. heat collector water, electric control system figure:

Water supply loop: press water gets into systems by water inlet pipe (50) through strainer (51) branch four tunnel, 1. does cold water source and gets into mixed water valve (52), water consumption device (53) confession user use.2. get into the bottom of storage tank (59), give system's water-filling when moving for the first time, discharge intrasystem air at the one way valve (62) at storage tank top, water buoyancy is closed it when the air emptying.3. get into heat pipe (55), in heat pipe (55), after solar energy heating, import water tank (59) top, make water between water tank (59) and heat pipe (55), form thermal cycle.4. the control entering double cylinder (57) through three position four-way directional control valve (56) promotes its piston motion, makes reflector sun-chasing through transmission.One-way throttle valve (54) can be controlled solar tracking speed, prevents air sinuses.

. the heat transfer loop of the regional geyser that freezes: [seeing accompanying drawing 3 dotted portions]

Can freeze damage heat pipe (55) at night in high latitude area winter, so cut off heat pipe (55) water inlet, the end opening of heat exchanger [heat exchanger can have various, and this sentences coil pipe the is example] coil pipe (61) that the access dotted line is represented.The other end delivery port of heat pipe (55) is connected the suitable for reading of coil pipe (61), and heat pipe (55) forms a closed system with coil pipe (61).Dress is the anti-icing fluid of selecting according to minimum temperature in the system; Heat pipe (55) receives the heating of the sunshine of speculum gathering in the winter time daytime; Inner working medium heats up and moves upward; Get into coil pipe (61) and carry out interchange of heat, move downward after turning cold and flow into bottom heat pipe (55) formation thermal cycle with the interior water of storage tank (59).Anti-icing fluid variations in temperature at work is very big, is connected bellows expansion joint (60) in the pipeline [also bellows or diaphragm type pressure-stabilizing valve] and is provided with for systems stabilisation pressure.Double cylinder (57), reversal valve (56) are placed indoor for antifreeze, wall punching is directed at the pulling force flexible axle outdoor.

. to day sensing and solar tracking circuit: (seeing accompanying drawing 3)

Two back-to-back putting together of identical photovoltaic cell module become photocell group (58); Parallel with the speculum primary optical axis symmetrical plane speculum edge that is installed in; When the primary optical axis plane of speculum and sunray were not parallel, photocell group (58) must have one side to receive solar light irradiation to produce voltage, attract three position four-way directional control valve (56) from the centre position of self-locking to a charged side shifting; Press water just flows into moving its piston motion of a thruster of double cylinder (57); Thereby affect reflector sun-chasing, to speculum primary optical axis plane when parallel with sunray (to the day state), this moment, photocell group (58) two sides was all according to less than the sun.Three position four-way directional control valve (56) resets, and system's self-locking can be not moving because of wind idling, and do not need external power.

Will high power for geyser for the needs that satisfy winter; Its result can make the temperature of water tank in summer (59) too high; So in control circuit, be connected in series temperature detect switch (TDS) (63), and be placed on the top of water tank (59), the temperature of sensing water tank (59) to temperature detect switch (TDS) (63).If the operating temperature of selected temperature detect switch (TDS) (63) is 80 degree, this moment, circuit was disconnected, the no longer solar tracking of parabolic post mirror, and heat pipe (55) only receives the sun direct projection can be not overheated.The reset temperature of temperature detect switch (TDS) (63) and operating temperature difference 20--30 degree are more suitable.The back mirror that resets can continue solar tracking.

Be placed on temperature detect switch (TDS) (63) for the heating device indoor, control speculum in summer no longer solar tracking.And inserting the microswitch (64) that is placed on that dots near the speculum horizontal level, its effect is to make the position that speculum stops to be needed, and avoids summer to indoor heat transfer.Guarantee the speculum shaded effects in summer.

Accompanying drawing 4. heat collectors are the layout sketch map of eaves outside the building: this figure has only represented a fraction of part of building, and the part of [1] is the situation of the perpendicular dress of speculum among the figure.[2] part is horizontal be contained in (window cover type) on the window, and the part of [3] is the horizontal situation that is contained in wall of speculum.(1) is that speculum supporting leg, (2) are that heat pipe, (3) are that speculum, (4) are that window, (0) are the wire rope of interlock among the figure.This figure is elected to be Figure of abstract.

Accompanying drawing 5. heat collector wire rope tandem centralized driving structure charts:

No matter horizontal dress of speculum or perpendicular dress, coaxial-type or wire rope tandem all can go out between piston rod (70) and the speculum rope sheave (80) use wire rope, pulley transmission solar tracking campaign two.This figure is that example describes with horizontal dress.

Be fixed on pair two steel cables that go out piston rod (70) left end, a lower sheave of warp (71) is fixed on left side speculum rope sheave (80) outer rim from the bottom, and two lower sheaves of another warp (71) are fixed on the outer rim of right side speculum rope sheave (80) from the bottom.Be fixed on pair two steel cables that go out piston rod (70) right-hand member; After two rising pulleys (72) raise; A top sheave of warp (73) is fixed on the outer rim of left side speculum rope sheave (80) from top, two top sheaves of another warp (73) are fixed on the outer rim of right side speculum rope sheave (80) from top.When two when going out piston rod (70) motion, wire rope counter motion up and down, about drive rope sheave (80) synchronously and then drive speculum [drawing among the figure] solar tracking.The speculum of floor affects synchronous solar tracking through four series connection wire rope (76) up and down, and the multilayer heat collector can use this cover dynamical system, reduces cost.Control cabinet (74) [drawing signal with two point among the figure] is installed on indoor, is convenient to maintenance, and reversal valve (75), double cylinder (79) are installed in it and [do not draw connecting line for drawing is clear], through wall hole, wire rope are drawn outdoor.Receive to drive big load well at the top layer heat collector according to condition.

Accompanying drawing 6. heat collector soft drawn shaft type centralized driving structure charts:

When the heat collector broad, can use soft drawn through-drive to dwindle the size of control cabinet; No matter horizontal dress or perpendicular dress coaxial-type wire rope tandem all are suitable for; Erecting dress with speculum among the figure is example; Two in the double cylinder (16) go out fixing two the preceding soft drawn axles (24,25) in piston rod (17) upper end, and preceding soft drawn axle (24) leads to heat pipe (28) upside wire rope pulley (22) front side through support and adjusting part (18), positioning component (19); Another preceding soft drawn axle (25) is done 180 degree by the deflecting roller (29) of upside and is turned to, leads to the front side of heat pipe (28) downside wire rope pulley (22) through support and adjusting part (18), positioning component (19).

Twoly go out soft drawn axle (26,27) behind fixing two in piston rod (17) lower end, back soft drawn axle (26) through time side stand and adjusting part (18), positioning component (19), lead to heat pipe (28) downside wire rope pulley (22) rear side; Soft drawn axle (27) is done 180 degree through the deflecting roller (29) of downside and is turned to after another, through down side stand and adjustment assembly (18), positioning component (19) lead to the rear side of the wire rope pulley (22) of heat pipe (28) upside.

Two when going out piston rod (17) and moving two preceding soft drawn axles (24,25) with two after soft drawn axle (26,27) counter motion, two wire rope pulleys (22) are rotated synchronously, drive speculum on the heat pipe (28) [among the figure picture] solar tracking jointly.

Control cabinet (23) is installed on the indoor wall (21) [being the metope signal among the figure], and preceding soft drawn axle (24,25) up and down and back up and down soft drawn axle (26,27) lead to the wall by the hole of passing metope (21).The reversal valve of control piston motion and tube connector [not drawing among the figure] place control cabinet (23), and outfall (20) feeds the approach of sewer for gutter.

(5) specific embodiment:

1. unit mode of occupation:

The intermediate floor that is applicable to one-storey house, Minor Construction thing or existed building uses separately, and speculum can erect dress or horizontal dress.Can be used for hot water or heating.

2. window bell-type:

The horizontal window upper edge that is contained in, summer shelves live sunlight inject indoor, do not influence winter at all sunlight inject indoor, the vertical solar tracking of speculum, the water of heating in the heat pipe, water lean on the water tank in the thermal convection current inlet chamber to preserve, in order to utilizing.Unit can be used for the individual layer of one-storey house, building.Multi-storey building uses wire rope to connect up and down, uses a cover drive system can drive the synchronous solar tracking of multilayer mirror.Simplified apparatus reduces cost.

3. the horizontal dress of multimachine:

Speculum is horizontal to be contained on the wall face that building faces south, and can use rope sheave tandem or coaxial-type to connect, and a cover drive system [photocell group, reversal valve, double cylinder etc.] can drive the synchronous solar tracking of a plurality of speculums.Simplified apparatus reduces cost.Can be used for hot water or heating.

4. multimachine is perpendicular adorns:

Speculum at a distance from arranging perpendicular being contained on the building wall face to the south, has best shaded effects continuously.One cover drive system [photocell group, reversal valve, double cylinder etc.] can drive the synchronous solar tracking of a plurality of speculums.Simplified apparatus reduces cost.Can be used for hot water or heating.

5. freeze the heat collector that decreases the area:

Freeze in the heat pipe that decreases the area and do not refill water; And, installing heat exchanger in the water tank additional according to the different anti-icing fluid of the different addings of latitude, the anti-icing fluid in the heat pipe forms thermal convection current with heat exchanger after the speculum heating; Anti-icing fluid in the heat exchanger and the hydrothermal exchange in the water tank, the water in the heating water tank.

6. with architecture-integral ground heat pipe type heating device:

7. with architecture-integral unit heater heating device:

Claims

1. with architecture-integral external sunshade parabolic mirror solar tracking solar energy collector: it is characterized in that the horizontal, vertical building that is arranged in of heat collector multimachine receives that eaves forms the external sunshade to building on screen wall facing the gate of a house face, roof, the window; Also obtained unprecedented exposed area, speculum concentrates the unique heat pipe of light intensity directive that is several times as much as sun direct projection to absorb solar energy.

2. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: ground heat pipe type solar space heating facility: it is characterized in that the heat pipe that is installed in the building lower position is connected with next level ground heat pipe through utilidor; Water in the heat pipe forms thermal convection current with the underground heat pipe after the speculum heating; By ground heat pipe heat radiation heating; The building low layer passes through temperature detect switch (TDS) by pump forced circulation to ground heat pipe heating by the roof heat collector, freezes the damage area and replaces water with anti-icing fluid.

3. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: with the air is the solar space heating facility of heat-transfer working medium: it is characterized in that with the air be heat-transfer working medium in heat pipe by the speculum heating, with the hot air forced convection heating of blower fan in indoor discharge heat pipe.

4. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: with the drive mechanism of wire rope, directive wheel: it is characterized in that control cabinet (74) places indoor [seeing accompanying drawing 5]; Two in the case go out fixing two the following wire rope (82) of piston rod (70) left end; A lower sheave of warp (71) turn 90 degrees the lower edge that is fixed on left side rope sheave (80); The lower edge of the guide securement of two lower sheaves of another warp (71) rope sheave (80) on the right side twoly goes out fixing two of piston rod (70) right-hand member and goes up wire rope (81) after two rising pulleys (72) raise, one turn 90 degrees be fixed on the left of the upper limb of rope sheave (80); The upper limb of the guide securement of two top sheaves of another warp (73) rope sheave (80) on the right side; Two when going out piston rod (70) motion, left and right sides rope sheave (80) rotates synchronously, and gives the speculums of adjacent parallel through the transmissions of four series connection wire rope (76).

5. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: wire rope, flexible axle transmission: it is characterized in that control system case (23) [seeing accompanying drawing 6] places indoor; Two in it go out fixing two the preceding soft drawn axles (24,25) in piston rod (17) upper end; One (24) upwards are fixed on rope sheave (22) leading edge through secured adjusted assembly (18), positioning component (19); Another (25) are fixed on down rope sheave (22) leading edge through reverse pulley (29) turnback through secured adjusted assembly (18), positioning component (19).Twoly go out soft drawn axle (26,27) behind fixing two of piston rod (17) lower end; One (26) are fixed on down rope sheave (22) trailing edge through secured adjusted assembly (18) positioning component (19) downwards; Another (27) are through reverse pulley (29) turnback; Be fixed on rope sheave (22) trailing edge through secured adjusted assembly (18), positioning component (19), twoly go out piston rod (17) and move and make up and down that rope sheave (22) rotates synchronously, and can give the speculum of adjacent parallel through the transmission of series connection wire rope.

6. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: the photocell group: it is characterized in that two identical photovoltaic cell modules back-to-back be one group; Parallel with the speculum symmetrical plane is installed on the speculum; Identification solar tracking direction also provides the power supply of control electromagnetic valve, can carry out solar tracking control to a plurality of heat collectors through the wire rope series connection.

7. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: unit or multi-computer system are not all used external power: it is characterized in that utilizing pressure of supply water to drive the power of double cylinder as reflector sun-chasing; Realize synchronous solar tracking with the wire rope series connection between parallel heat collector, do not use external power.

8. according to the dependent claims of independent claims 1: window bell-type solar energy collector: it is characterized in that heat collector is horizontal is contained in eaves appropriate location on the window; Do not keep off the sunshine in one of winter to the irradiation of window; All block the direct projection of the sun to window summer, the unit or the multimachine of connecting up and down use.