CN102561052A - Method for producing superfine fiber synthetic leather - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing superfine fiber synthetic leather. The method includes subjecting a base fabric which is made of unfigured bi-component islands-in-sea fibers to heat setting, subjecting the base fabric to impregnation through an impregnation polyurethane sizing, coating at least one layer of a coating polyurethane sizing on the surface of the impregnated base fabric, obtaining a semi-finished product of the synthetic leather after solidification and rinsing, subjecting the semi-finished product of the synthetic leather to extraction and quantity reduction with the use of a solvent which can dissolve sea components in the islands-in-sea fibers, and obtaining the superfine fiber synthetic leather product through after finish of the reduced semi-finished product of the synthetic leather. Compared with the prior art, by means of the method for producing the superfine fiber synthetic leather, the problem of repetitive production of multiple processes of the solidification, the rinsing, drying, post-treatment of the base fabric and the like is avoided, the production process is shortened, production efficiency is improved, energy consumption is reduced, production cost is lowered, peeling strength of the manufactured product is high, the superfine fiber synthetic leather feels soft, elasticity is good, and the superfine fiber synthetic leather is closer to real leather.

Description

A kind of production method of superfine fiber chemical leather

Technical field

The present invention relates to the synthetic leather preparing technical field, relate in particular to a kind of production method of superfine fiber chemical leather.

Background technology

Superfine fiber chemical leather is the superfine twice-laid novel high-grade dermatine of a kind of usefulness; It is three-dimensional network-like structure non-weaving cloth and a series of polyurethane superfine fiber chemical leathers of processing with the fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent fiber that process of high resilience polyurethane resin process; It is the of new generation high emulation synthetic leather that developed recently gets up; Be called the 4th generation artificial leather; Can compare favourably with senior natural leather, have the peculiar breathable moisture permeability of natural leather, and all surpass natural leather at aspects such as chemical resistance, mildew-resistant sex change, flexibility (adaptability) of operations; Can be used as every field such as footwear, case and bag, furniture, automotive trim, have the characteristic of corium and the physical index more superior than corium.

At present, the production of synthetic leather and research and development are target with the natural leather always, and the microstructure of superfine fiber chemical leather and outward appearance are all very near natural leather.The conventional production procedure of common coating superfine fiber chemical leather is: arrangement → synthetic leather finishing (embossing, printing etc.) behind spinning (fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent fiber) → nonwoven fabric → HEAT SETTING → impregnation polyurethane slurry → solidify, wash → solvent extraction → drying → base cloth processing (WATER REPELLENT TREATMENT) → coated with polyurethane slurry → solidify, wash → base cloth.It is that to process the three-dimensional network-like structure non-weaving cloth with the fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent fiber be base cloth; Synthetic leather base cloth to the impregnation polyurethane slurry carries out the solvent extraction processing earlier; Sea component in the fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent fiber of forming nonwoven fabric is removed; The superfine fibre bundle and the microcellular structure of the polyurethane parcel after formation is solidified, thus produce the superfine fiber chemical leather base cloth; Carry out behind the water-proof finish coated with polyurethane slurry again, form the coating layer on surface.Since in the surface-coated of base cloth one deck (or multilayer) high molecular polymerization film, thereby given the Surface-micromachining process of its one or more function, satisfy the product demand of people to different-style, difference in functionality.

In the conventional production procedure; A base cloth treatment step is arranged behind the impregnation polyurethane slurry; Because the method that adopts surface waterproofing to handle usually stops too fast causing of water migration rate to form moisture film on the surface of base cloth, is unfavorable for the coated with polyurethane slurry of next step; Even because of hydraulic pressure too high base cloth surface with at the bottom of the coat between form some balloon-shaped structures, the peel strength of reduction coated side and base cloth; And the secondary impregnation, solidify, between impregnation layer and coat, produced and applied the interface clearly, cause the product feel of producing hard partially even have the paper sense, and have defectives such as peel strength is low.Generally speaking; The expense that there is complex process in existing production technology, it is wayward to produce, poor product quality, base cloth are handled is than problems such as height; And multiple operation has carried out duplication of production (drying, solidify, operation such as washing all carried out twice); Not only lose time, the energy, and increased production cost.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: to the deficiency that prior art exists, the production method of the superfine fiber chemical leather that a kind of production procedure is short, production cost is low, the product softness is good, peel strength is high is provided.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of production method of superfine fiber chemical leather; The base cloth that figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not is made into; Through after the HEAT SETTING; At first base cloth is carried out impregnation through the impregnation polyurethane slurry, one deck coated with polyurethane slurry at least of the base cloth surface-coated after impregnation again, then through solidify and wash after make the synthetic leather semi-finished product; Use the solvent that can dissolve the sea component in the said islands-in-sea type fibre to extract decrement said synthetic leather semi-finished product, again with the synthetic leather semi-finished product after the decrement through after put in order and obtain the superfine fiber chemical leather product.

As a kind of preferred, said not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre is a not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of PA6/PE or PET/PE.

Said PA6/PE or PET/PE be figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not; Be with the polyester slice behind nylon 6 or the crystallizing and drying and low density polyethylene (LDPE) mass ratio according to 50～60:50～40; Through the screw extruder fusion; Control spinning temperature scope is 245～285 ℃; Through cooling quench (16～25 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome), drawing-off (4～6 times of drafting multiples), the operations such as (oil concentration are 4～10%) that oils, the 5～7D that spins out, nylon 6 or polyester be that island component, low density polyethylene (LDPE) are the not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of sea component.

To under 110～135 ℃, be heated by the nonwoven fabric that said not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre is made into and carry out HEAT SETTING through roll, the density of the base cloth after HEAT SETTING is 0.20～0.35 g/cm ³, thickness is 1.4～3.0 mm.

Wherein, The preparation of said impregnation polyurethane slurry is adopted single or is pieced together mixed polyurethane resin method and modulate, and is by weight, in 20～100 parts DMF; Add 1～4 part of bleeding agent, 1～4 part of curing agent, 1～4 part of antifoaming agent and 1～20 part of mill base; Stir 10～30min, add 100 parts of polyurethane resins then, stirring and obtaining solid content behind 60～100min is that polyurethane slurry is used in the impregnation of 8～25wt%.

Said bleeding agent is a sulphosuccinates; Said antifoaming agent is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether; Said curing agent is a Span.As a kind of preferred; Said bleeding agent is an anionic type; Main component is Aerosol OT or sulfosuccinic acid double tridecyl ester sodium, and its effect is to strengthen infiltration and the wettability of polyurethane slurry to base cloth, can also improve the exchange velocity of water and DMF; The main component of said antifoaming agent is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and its effect is to eliminate to bring polyurethane in the nonwoven fabric into contain the bubble that air and slurry in the immersion liquid produce in whipping process, increases the wettability between polyurethane and the fiber; Said curing agent is a nonionic, and main component is a Span, and it is a kind of senior lipophilic emulsifier, and the fiber of nonwoven fabric is had good smoothing effect, can increase the slip and the flexibility of synthetic leather; Said mill base mainly is made up of resin carrier, pigment or dyestuff, DMF and auxiliary agent four parts, gives the slurry various colors, produces the color series product; Said polyurethane resin is modulus 20～160Kg/cm ², elastic extension is 400～500% and good polyester or the EU resin of solvent resistance.

As a kind of improvement; Said coated with polyurethane slurry is by weight; In 30～60 parts DMF, add 1～4 part of levelling agent, 1～4 part of bleeding agent, 1～4 part of curing agent, 1～4 part of antifoaming agent and 1～20 part of mill base, stir 10～30min; Add 100 parts of polyurethane resins then, obtain the coated with polyurethane slurry that viscosity is 8000～15000cps after stirring 60～100min and vacuum defoamation again.

During said coating; Base cloth after the impregnation will be coated with and scrape slurry and be coated with and scrape on the surface through being coated with head, and coating thickness is 0.6～1.6mm, and the speed of a motor vehicle is 2～10m/min; Be coated with to be coated with when the impregnation polyurethane slurry of through floating cutter base cloth being taken out of before scraping scrapes off and scrape, can not have air to get in the coating procedure.

Said levelling agent is for being the dimethyl silicone polymer of modification; Said bleeding agent is a sulphosuccinates; Said antifoaming agent is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether; Said curing agent is a Span.The effect of said levelling agent is that appropriateness reduces polyurethane slurry viscosity, improves its flowability, increases the compatibility of resin and base cloth; As a kind of preferred; Said bleeding agent is an anionic type; Main component is Aerosol OT or sulfosuccinic acid double tridecyl ester sodium, and its effect is to strengthen infiltration and the wettability of polyurethane slurry to base cloth, can also improve the exchange velocity of water and DMF; The main component that said antifoaming agent is is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, and its effect is to eliminate to bring polyurethane in the nonwoven fabric into contain the bubble that air and slurry in the immersion liquid produce in whipping process, increases the wettability between polyurethane and the fiber; Said curing agent is a nonionic, and main component is a Span, and it is a kind of senior lipophilic emulsifier, and the fiber of nonwoven fabric is had good smoothing effect, can increase the slip and the flexibility of synthetic leather; Said mill base mainly is made up of resin carrier, pigment or dyestuff, DMF and auxiliary agent four parts, gives the slurry various colors, produces the color series product; Said polyurethane resin is modulus 20～160Kg/cm ², elastic extension is 800～1000%, and solvent resistance is good, filming performance is good, anti-swelling, machinery powerful high polyester or EU resin in solvent.

In concentration 15～40wt%, temperature are 25～35 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution, carry out during said solidifying, in the cleaning sink that a plurality of temperature are set from low to high successively, carry out during said washing, the temperature of said a plurality of cleaning sinks is 25～70 ℃.

As a kind of preferred, use 85～90 ℃ pure toluene solution during said extraction decrement, the half-finished percentage elongation of synthetic leather is 2～5% during said extraction.

Extraction back is cleaned to remove with boiling water and is desolvated, and after the oven dry, through drying, change and softly rub post processing such as skin, and finishing etc. obtains product.

Owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, the present invention is after to base cloth impregnation polyurethane slurry, and directly through being coated with cutter and being coated with roller, under the drive that is coated with roller, the coated with polyurethane slurry is coated onto the base cloth surface equably through being coated with cutter; Carry out the coated with polyurethane slurry, and then the base cloth after applying is solidified, washes, remove DMF unnecessary in the base cloth, the upper strata forms the microcellular structure of different structure on the thickness direction; Lower floor forms bigger polyurethane finger-type pore structure, through extraction decrement treatment and base cloth post processing, compares prior art then, has avoided solidifying, the problem of multiple operation duplications of production such as washing, drying, base cloth post processing; Shorten production procedure, improved production efficiency, reduced energy resource consumption; Reduced production cost, and the product impregnation layer of producing combines with coat closely, problems such as interface even layering can not occur significantly applying; The product peel strength is high, peel strength＞80N/3cm, and the product feel is soft more; Good springiness, third dimension is strong, approaches corium more.

2, the approaching coated with polyurethane slurry feedstock of the shrinkage factor of employing of the present invention and base cloth; And when the extraction decrement, adopt suitable tension force; Adjustment synthetic leather semi-finished product suitable percentage elongation in extraction process, overcome apply in the prior art that the back product very easily curls in solvent extraction process, delamination and be difficult for decrement in addition can't ordinary production etc. problem.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further set forth the present invention.

Embodiment 1

With nylon 6 and the mass ratio of low density polyethylene (LDPE) according to 50:50; Through the screw extruder fusion; Control spinning temperature scope is 245 ℃; Through wet goods operation on 16 ℃ cooling quenches, 4 times drawing-off, the finish that concentration is 4wt%, spin out 5D, be that island component, low density polyethylene (LDPE) are the not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of sea component with nylon 6.

It is that 1.60m, thickness are the base cloth of 1.50mm that figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not is made into fabric width, under 110 ℃, heats and carries out HEAT SETTING through roll, and the density of the base cloth after HEAT SETTING is 0.20g/cm ³, thickness is 1.4mm.

Adopt single or piece together to mix the polyurethane resin method and modulate the impregnation polyurethane slurry; By weight, in 20 parts DMF, 1 part of Aerosol OT, 1 part of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, 1 part of Span and 5 parts of mill bases; Stir 10min, add 100 parts of modulus 30Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 400% polyester urethane resin, stirring and obtaining solid content behind the 60min is that polyurethane slurry is used in the impregnation of 8wt%, the base cloth that will pass through after the HEAT SETTING carries out impregnation through containing immersion trough to base cloth, is 2m/min through speed.

In 30 parts DMF, add dimethyl silicone polymer, 1 part of Aerosol OT, 1 part of polyoxypropylene glycerin ether, 1 part of Span and 1 part of mill base of 1 part of modification, stir 10min, add 100 parts of modulus 30Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 800% polyester urethane resin; Obtain the coated with polyurethane slurry that viscosity is 8000cps after stirring 60min and vacuum defoamation again; Base cloth after the impregnation will be coated with and scrape slurry and be coated with and scrape on the surface through being coated with head, and coating thickness is 0.6mm, and the speed of a motor vehicle is 2m/min; Be coated with to be coated with when the impregnation polyurethane slurry of through floating cutter base cloth being taken out of before scraping scrapes off and scrape, can not have air to get in the coating procedure.

Base cloth after applying, concentration 15wt%, temperature is solidified in being 25 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution; In the cleaning sink that 20 temperature are set from low to high successively, wash then; The temperature of said 20 cleaning sinks is 25～70 ℃; The temperature difference of each cleaning sink is 2～10 ℃, through solidify and wash after make the synthetic leather semi-finished product.

Use 85 ℃ pure toluene solution to extract decrement the synthetic leather semi-finished product; The half-finished percentage elongation of synthetic leather is 2% during extraction; Sea component in the islands-in-sea type fibre is extracted; After cleaning with boiling water, again with the synthetic leather semi-finished product after the decrement through drying, change soft rub skin and finishing etc. after arrangement obtain the superfine fiber chemical leather product.

Embodiment 2

With nylon 6 and the mass ratio of low density polyethylene (LDPE) according to 60:40; Through the screw extruder fusion; Control spinning temperature scope is 285 ℃; Through wet goods operation on 25 ℃ cooling quenches, 6 times drawing-off, the finish that concentration is 10wt%, spin out 7D, with nylon 6 island components, low density polyethylene (LDPE) the not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of sea component.

It is that 1.60m, thickness are the base cloth of 1.70mm that figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not is made into fabric width, under 135 ℃, heats and carries out HEAT SETTING through roll, and the density of the base cloth after HEAT SETTING is 0.35 g/cm ³, thickness is 3.0 mm.

Adopt single or piece together to mix the polyurethane resin method and modulate the impregnation polyurethane slurry; By weight; In 100 parts DMF; Add 4 parts of sulfosuccinic acid double tridecyl ester sodium, 4 parts of polyoxypropylene glycerin ethers, 4 parts of Spans and 20 parts of mill bases, stir 30min, add 100 parts of modulus 160Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 500% polyester urethane resin, stirring and obtaining solid content behind the 100min is that polyurethane slurry is used in the impregnation of 25wt%, the base cloth that will pass through after the HEAT SETTING carries out impregnation through containing immersion trough to base cloth, is 10m/min through speed.

In 60 parts DMF, add dimethyl silicone polymer, 4 parts of sulfosuccinic acid double tridecyl ester sodium, 4 parts of polyoxypropylene glycerin ethers, 4 parts of Spans and 20 parts of mill bases of 4 parts of modifications, stir 30min, add 100 parts of modulus 160Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 1000% polyester urethane resin; Obtain the coated with polyurethane slurry that viscosity is 15000cps after stirring 100min and vacuum defoamation again; Base cloth after the impregnation will be coated with and scrape slurry and be coated with and scrape on the surface through being coated with head, and coating thickness is 1.6mm, and the speed of a motor vehicle is 10m/min; Be coated with to be coated with when the impregnation polyurethane slurry of through floating cutter base cloth being taken out of before scraping scrapes off and scrape, can not have air to get in the coating procedure.

Base cloth after applying, concentration 40wt%, temperature is solidified in being 35 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution; In the cleaning sink that 18 temperature are set from low to high successively, wash then; The temperature of said 18 cleaning sinks is 25～70 ℃; The temperature difference of each cleaning sink is 2～10 ℃, through solidify and wash after make the synthetic leather semi-finished product.

Use 90 ℃ pure toluene solution to extract decrement the synthetic leather semi-finished product; The half-finished percentage elongation of synthetic leather is 5% during extraction; Sea component in the islands-in-sea type fibre is extracted; After cleaning with boiling water, again with the synthetic leather semi-finished product after the decrement through drying, change soft rub skin and finishing etc. after arrangement obtain the superfine fiber chemical leather product.

Embodiment 3

With the polyester slice behind the crystallizing and drying and low density polyethylene (LDPE) mass ratio according to 50:50; Through the screw extruder fusion; Control spinning temperature scope is 265 ℃; Through wet goods operation on 20 ℃ cooling quenches, 5 times drawing-off, the finish that concentration is 8wt%, spin out 6D, be that island component, low density polyethylene (LDPE) are the not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of sea component with the polyester.

It is that 1.60m, thickness are the base cloth of 1.60mm that figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not is made into fabric width, under 120 ℃, heats and carries out HEAT SETTING through roll, and the density of the base cloth after HEAT SETTING is 0.25 g/cm ³, thickness is 2.0 mm.

Adopt single or piece together to mix the polyurethane resin method and modulate the impregnation polyurethane slurry; By weight; In 60 parts DMF; Add 3 parts of Aerosol OTs, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene glycerin ethers, 2 parts of Spans and 10 parts of mill bases, stir 20min, add 100 parts of modulus 90Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 450% EU resin, stirring and obtaining solid content behind the 80min is that polyurethane slurry is used in the impregnation of 20wt%, the base cloth that will pass through after the HEAT SETTING carries out impregnation through containing immersion trough to base cloth, is 8m/min through speed.

In 40 parts DMF, add dimethyl silicone polymer, 3 parts of Aerosol OTs, 2 parts of polyoxypropylene glycerin ethers, 2 parts of Spans and 10 parts of mill bases of 3 parts of modifications, stir 30min, add 100 parts of modulus 90Kg/cm then ², elastic extension is 900% EU resin; Obtain the coated with polyurethane slurry that viscosity is 12000cps after stirring 80min and vacuum defoamation again; Base cloth after the impregnation will be coated with and scrape slurry and be coated with and scrape on the surface through being coated with head, and coating thickness is 1.2mm, and the speed of a motor vehicle is 8m/min; Be coated with to be coated with when the impregnation polyurethane slurry of through floating cutter base cloth being taken out of before scraping scrapes off and scrape, can not have air to get in the coating procedure.

Base cloth after applying, concentration 30wt%, temperature is solidified in being 30 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution; In the cleaning sink that 10 temperature are set from low to high successively, wash then; The temperature of said 10 cleaning sinks is 25～70 ℃; The temperature difference of each cleaning sink is 2～10 ℃, through solidify and wash after make the synthetic leather semi-finished product.

Use 88 ℃ pure toluene solution to extract decrement the synthetic leather semi-finished product; The half-finished percentage elongation of synthetic leather is 3% during extraction; Sea component in the islands-in-sea type fibre is extracted; After cleaning with boiling water, again with the synthetic leather semi-finished product after the decrement through drying, change soft rub skin and finishing etc. after arrangement obtain the superfine fiber chemical leather product.

Claims (10)

1. the production method of a superfine fiber chemical leather; It is characterized in that: will be not the base cloth that is made into of figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre; Through after the HEAT SETTING; At first base cloth is carried out impregnation through the impregnation polyurethane slurry, one deck coated with polyurethane slurry at least of the base cloth surface-coated after impregnation again, then through solidify and wash after make the synthetic leather semi-finished product; Use the solvent that can dissolve the sea component in the said islands-in-sea type fibre to extract decrement said synthetic leather semi-finished product, again with the synthetic leather semi-finished product after the decrement through after put in order and obtain the superfine fiber chemical leather product.

2. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre is a not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of PA6/PE or PET/PE.

3. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: said PA6/PE or PET/PE be figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre not; Be with nylon 6 or polyester slice and low density polyethylene (LDPE) mass ratio according to 50～60:50～40, the 5～7D that spins out, nylon 6 or polyester be that island component, low density polyethylene (LDPE) are the not figured type bi-component islands-in-sea type fibre of sea component.

4. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the density of said base cloth after HEAT SETTING is 0.20～0.35 g/cm ³, thickness is 1.4～3.0 mm.

5. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: the preparation of said impregnation polyurethane slurry is by weight; In 20～100 parts DMF, add 1～4 part of bleeding agent, 1～4 part of curing agent, 1～4 part of antifoaming agent and 1～20 part of mill base, stir 10～30min; Add 100 parts of polyurethane resins then, stirring and obtaining solid content behind 60～100min is that polyurethane slurry is used in the impregnation of 8～25wt%.

6. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: said bleeding agent is a sulphosuccinates; Said antifoaming agent is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether; Said curing agent is a Span; Said polyurethane resin is modulus 20～160Kg/cm ², elastic extension is 400～500% polyester or EU resin.

7. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said coated with polyurethane slurry is by weight; In 30～60 parts DMF, add 1～4 part of levelling agent, 1～4 part of bleeding agent, 1～4 part of curing agent, 1～4 part of antifoaming agent and 1～20 part of mill base, stir 10～30min; Add 100 parts of polyurethane resins then, stir behind 60～100min again and vacuum defoamation obtains the coated with polyurethane slurry that viscosity is 8000～15000cps.

8. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: said levelling agent is the dimethyl silicone polymer of modification; Said bleeding agent is a sulphosuccinates; Said antifoaming agent is the polyoxypropylene glycerin ether; Said curing agent is a Span; Said polyurethane resin is modulus 20～160Kg/cm ², elastic extension is 800～1000% polyester or EU resin.

9. the production method of superfine fiber chemical leather as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: in concentration 15～40wt%, temperature are 25～35 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution, carry out during said solidifying; In the cleaning sink that a plurality of temperature are set from low to high successively, carry out during said the washing, the temperature of said a plurality of cleaning sinks is 25～70 ℃.

10. like the production method of described any superfine fiber chemical leather of claim 2 to 9, it is characterized in that: use 85～90 ℃ pure toluene solution during said extraction decrement, the half-finished percentage elongation of synthetic leather is 2～5% during said extraction.