CN102551064A - Nutrient of fresh sea cucumbers and abalone and preparation method for nutrient - Google Patents
Nutrient of fresh sea cucumbers and abalone and preparation method for nutrient Download PDFInfo
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- CN102551064A CN102551064A CN2012100660106A CN201210066010A CN102551064A CN 102551064 A CN102551064 A CN 102551064A CN 2012100660106 A CN2012100660106 A CN 2012100660106A CN 201210066010 A CN201210066010 A CN 201210066010A CN 102551064 A CN102551064 A CN 102551064A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nutrient of fresh sea cucumbers and abalone and a preparation method for the nutrient. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: removing viscera of sea cucumbers and abalone, cleaning, crushing, adding purified water, adding bromelain, performing enzymolysis, adding papain and performing enzymolysis; and filtering an enzymatic hydrolysate, and concentrating at low temperature and under reduced pressure to obtain the nutrient of the sea cucumbers and the abalone, wherein the nutrient is rich in sea cucumber short peptide, sulfated polysaccharides, saponin, and amino acids which are essential to human bodies. The content of the sulfated polysaccharides and the saponin of the sea cucumbers in the product is greatly improved; the decomposition rate of collagen of the sea cucumbers is improved from the traditional 60-80 percent to over 95 percent; the recovery rate of protein is improved from 50-65 percent to over 92 percent; the molecular weight of a polypeptide is reduced from 2,000-8,000Da to 500-2,000Da; the average peptide chain length is 2 to 10 degrees of polymerization; the content of the amino acids which are essential to the human bodies is increased, and particularly the content of arginine is increased; the full nutrition of the nutrient is improved; and the properties of active ingredients of the sea cucumbers and the abalone such as removal of free radicals, blood pressure reduction, senility resistance, tumor resistance, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance, liver protection and the like are strengthened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquatic product processing, be specifically related to a kind of bright sea cucumber and abalone nutrient and preparation method thereof, the promptly a kind of necessary amino acid whose sea cucumber of sea cucumber small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body and abalone nutrient and preparation method thereof of being rich in.
Technical background
Sea cucumber is exactly health food and nutraceutical since ancient times.Ming Dynasty's " food book on Chinese herbal medicine " middle finger goes out sea cucumber to be had main tonifying primordial Qi, grows the beneficial vital organs of the human body and the deficient health-preserving function of dispelling; Qing Dynasty's supplementary Amplifications of the Compendium of Materia Medica Chinese medicine ancient books and records are then classified sea cucumber as the help medicine, and its year " sea cucumber benefit warm in nature, so sufficient enemy's ginseng is the name sea cucumber; Sweet-salty, the kidney tonifying warp, beneficial marrow, dissolving phlegm is prolonged, and takes the photograph urine, impotence is treated in establishing-Yang, kills the sore worm ".Recent study finds that sea cucumber contains many materials that important biomolecule is learned activity that have; Like holothurin, sea cucumber polysaccharide, selenka, aliphatic acid, small peptide, sea cucumber ganglioside etc., effect such as that these bioactivators have is antitumor, anticoagulation, analgesia, raising immunity, anti-ageing, antimycotic, reducing blood lipid, control rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, antitumor, anti HIV-1 virus, liver protective effect and Osteoarthritis
The protein content of bright sea cucumber is 4.6%, and fat is 0.3%%, and water is 76%-85%.About amino acid 8%, the sea cucumber total saponin content is 0.096%, sea cucumber polysaccharide about 0.94%; Wherein active high sulfated polysaccharide content accounts for about 30%, and sulfated polysaccharide is the distinctive water-soluble important component of sea cucumber, and the key component of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide has glucuronic acid, amine-galactose, fucose, sulfate, wood sugar and glucose; And sulfate content all accounts for about 30% of polysaccharide; The sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide with the height of its content in tissue and degree big in the animal based food, belong to rare, content be other treasure such as shark's fin, pilose antler etc. can't be obtained, so sea cucumber has the title of " polyanion food "; The ratio of fucose and sulfate also is higher than other sea cucumber in the polysaccharide component; Degree is bigger, and has antithrombotic effect, mainly is the inherent path that influences blood clotting; Antithrombotic is to rely on the vigor that quickens fibrin-ferment; With the polymerization of the unit's of preventing fibrin, and change constructing of fibrin, the pharmacologically active of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide has almost been contained whole pharmacologically actives; Water-soluble selenka is the main secondary metabolite of sea cucumber; It also is its material base that carries out chemical defence; The structure of kind of selenka is illustrated surplus in the of existing so far 100, and they have pharmacologically active widely such as antimycotic, antiviral, cytotoxic activity, immunological regulation; Sea cucumber is rich in collagen, and its amino acid is formed with people's type i collagen albumen more approaching.Sea cucumber albumen is main body with the collagen, changes it into water-soluble collagen albumen small peptide through advanced technology, has to remove free radical, step-down, anti-ageing, antitumor, anti HIV-1 virus and liver protective effect.
Abalone ancient is claimed abalone, has another name called " minute surface fish, nine hole spiral shells, the fish that makes eye bright, with army cap ", is the monoshell shellfish, belongs to sea mollusk.Abalone ovalize, meat aubergine, main kind have five kinds of Haliotis diversicolor, half line Bao, sheep Bao, Er Bao and haliotis discus hannai Inos.The abalone meat is tender fine and smooth, and flavour is extremely delicious, and non-other seafood delights can be compared; Always be called as " hat of seafood delights treasure ", have saying of " a bite abalone a bite gold ", abalone has enriching yin and takes a tonic or nourishing food to build up one's health effect; Be a kind of benefit and not dry marine products, eat side effects such as not toothache of back, nose is bleeding." dietetic materia medica " record, abalone " goes into the logical stasis of blood of liver, goes into intestines and wash dirt, do not hinder vigour.Establishing-Yang, living hundred arteries and veins also have the effect of the flat liver of heat-clearing, nourishing and strengthening vital, also contain a spot of sulfated polysaccharide in the abalone; It can improve immunity, and the destruction of cancer cells metabolic process can improve tumour inhibiting rate; But do not damage the normal cell of body; The effect of protection body immune system is arranged, can the amphicheirality regulate blood pressure, adjustment acth secretion etc.The nutritive value of abalone is very abundant; Except that high protein, low fat; Also have iodine, zinc, phosphorus and vitamin A, D, the B1 of a great deal of etc., and contain 20 several amino acids, human body must amino acid lysine (Lysine), tryptophan (Tryptophane), phenylalanine (Phenylalanine), methionine (Methionine), threonine (Threonine), isoleucine (Isoleucine), leucine (Leucine), valine (Viline), histidine (Hlstidine) and arginine (Argnine; Especially arginine is the abundantest; Arginine is the main component that constitutes male sex's spermatid, is the primary raw material of synthesized human collagen, the reparation after can promoting regeneration and the body of body cell impaired; Also can improve the immunity of human body, have and eliminate effect tired, that promote longevity.Abalone can remedy the necessary amino acid of human body such as isoleucine, valine and arginine that lack in the sea cucumber.
Aquatic products are prone to corruption, perishable general character, particularly sea cucumber self has autolysis again because bright sea cucumber and abalone have, and long preservation is extremely difficult, and except that eating raw on a small quantity, major part is made into dried product and carries out long term storage.Dried product prepares in the process and need sea cucumber, abalone cleaned, go internal organ, long-time thermophilic digestion, mixed operations such as salt, oven dry; Though solved the problem in circulation, preservation and the sale, water-soluble high activity beche-de-mer polysaccharide, sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide and selenka composition are in washing, boiling, loss more than 60% in the reconstitution process again in sea cucumber, the abalone.Existing products in markets such as holothurian oral liquid in order to reduce cost, mostly adopt single enzymolysis aborning; The relatively lower 60-80% that is merely of the percent hydrolysis of collagen; The collagen peptide molecular weight is 2000-8000Da, and protein recovery is 50-65% more, has the collagen of 20-40% not to be decomposed approximately and utilizes; Consider from the profit angle of product, in fact increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of necessary amino acid whose sea cucumber of collagen small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body and abalone nutrient and preparation method thereof of being rich in; Can solve high activity nutrient losing issue in bright sea cucumber, abalone processing and the intensive processing process, to remedy the deficiency of prior art.
The applicant finds bright sea cucumber and abalone are carried out enzymolysis with bromelain and papain in long term studies, and the enzymolysis liquid of acquisition has good immune effect, thereby has facilitated the present invention.
One aspect of the invention relates to a kind of enzymolysis liquid, and described enzymolysis liquid carries out the enzymolysis preparation with sea cucumber and abalone with bromelain and papain.
The concrete preparation method of above-mentioned enzymolysis liquid is following: at first the sea cucumber that gills and abalone are pulverized and be added to the water, add bromelain then and carry out enzymolysis, the enzyme that goes out is lived, and adds that papain carries out preparing behind the enzymolysis again.
Above-mentioned enzymolysis is the combination enzymolysis, and must add bromelain earlier carries out enzymolysis, and then adds papain and carry out enzymolysis.
The hydrolysis temperature of above-mentioned bromelain is 48 ℃, and the hydrolysis temperature of papain is 45 ℃.
Above-mentioned sea cucumber and abalone are fresh and alive sea cucumbers and fresh and alive abalone.
Above-mentioned fresh and alive sea cucumbers is 1 with the interpolation of fresh and alive abalone ratio: 0.1-1: 10
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of bright sea cucumber and abalone nutrient, is above-mentioned enzymolysis liquid to be filtered with low-temperature reduced-pressure concentrate the back preparation.
The present invention adopts bromelain and papain combination enzymolysis; It is alive plain to have maximally utilised water-soluble sea cucumber abalone such as sea cucumber polysaccharide in bright sea cucumber and the abalone, sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide, selenka, and has remedied the necessary amino acid of human body such as isoleucine, valine and arginine that the bright sea cucumber of single usefulness is lacked.Improve more than the percent hydrolysis to 95% of holothurian collagen through the combination zymolysis technique; Protein recovery makes the molecular weight of peptide reduce to 500-2000Da more than 92%, and the average peptide chain length is 2-10 the degree of polymerization; And pass through the how active of papain; Both decomposed holothurian collagen, the molecular weight of degraded again polysaccharide and sulfated polysaccharide has strengthened the performance that sea cucumber abalone active component is removed free radical, step-down, anti-ageing, antitumor, anti HIV-1 virus and liver protection.
The specific embodiment
Method of the present invention at first removes bright sea cucumber and abalone to internal organ, cleans, and pulverizes; Add pure water; Add the bromelain enzymolysis then, enzymolysis finishes the back enzyme work of going out that heats up, and adds papain enzymolysis again; Process enzymolysis liquid after the enzyme that goes out is lived, enzymolysis liquid concentrates to such an extent that be rich in necessary amino acid whose bright sea cucumber of collagen small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body and abalone nutrient through filtering with low-temperature reduced-pressure.
Described cleaning is at room temperature to clean the impurity in the sea cucumber surface with running water, avoids edible warm water and high-temperature water to clean as far as possible, prevents in the bright sea cucumber abalone losses such as high water activity soluble components such as sea cucumber polysaccharide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e, unrighted acid.The present invention uses bromelain and papain combination zymolysis technique, mainly is to the disconnected effect of skin bond cleavage, has certain selectivity; But single enzymolysis can only be hydrolyzed from several fixing amino acid residues; Hydrolysis degree is restricted, and these two kinds of enzyme couplings can obtain the better enzymolysis liquid of BA, so with two or more enzyme combined preparation hydrolyzate; Can further reduce the molecular weight of holothurian collagen, obtain more satisfactory collagen small peptide hydrolyzate.The another kind effect of papain is the glycosidic bond that can cut off in sea cucumber abalone polysaccharide and the sulfated polysaccharide, reduces its molecular weight just with the absorption of human body utilization.Described enzymolysis is to use bromelain with sea cucumber and abalone proteolysis earlier, polysaccharide and sulfated polysaccharide stripping from protein in the time of hydrolysis, and then with the further aminosal of papain and polysaccharide and sulfated polysaccharide.In the enzymolysis liquid of preparation more than the percent hydrolysis to 95% of holothurian collagen peptide; The rate of recovery of holothurian collagen is more than 92%; The molecular weight of sea cucumber small peptide is 500-2000Da; Sea cucumber small peptide average peptide chain length is 2-10 the degree of polymerization; The content of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide is 0.005-5.0%; Sea cucumber small peptide content is 0.5-35%; 2-10 degree of polymerization of peptide chain length; Sea cucumber abalone saponin content is 0.001-1.0%; Human body must reach 0.001-5.6% by amino acid; Arginine content 0.0001-0.9%.
The enzymolysis liquid of preparation obtains being rich in necessary amino acid whose sea cucumber of sea cucumber small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body and abalone nutrient through filtering to concentrate with low-temperature reduced-pressure.
Above-mentioned bromelain can select for use enzyme work to be the bromelain of 350-450 unit of activity/ml, and the mass and size percentage g/ml of addition is 0.1-5.0%.
Above-mentioned adding papain can select for use enzyme work to be the papain of 250-350 unit of activity/ml, and the mass percent of addition is 0.1-5.0%.
Above-mentioned adding enzyme amount is the concentration that adds in the aqueous solution after sea cucumber and abalone are pulverized
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment product of the present invention and method are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing 10Kg homemade sea of Japan ginseng and 2Kg haliotis discus hannai Ino in fresh and alive, remove internal organ, cleaning; Pulverize with pulverizer, add the 200Kg pure water, add the bromelain 4Kg of 400 unit of activity/ml then; 48 ℃ of enzymolysis 16 hours also can be selected the suitable temperature of bromelain as the case may be for use; Be warmed up to 90 ℃ after enzymolysis finishes, keep 10min, the enzyme that goes out is lived, and adds the papain of 4Kg300 unit of activity/ml again, 45 ℃ of enzymolysis 10 hours, and same temperature also can be selected; Be warmed up to 90 ℃ after the enzymolysis end, keep 10min, the enzyme that goes out is lived, and filters, and low-temperature reduced-pressure concentrates and obtains being rich in necessary amino acid whose sea cucumber of sea cucumber small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body and abalone nutrient 68Kg.Of the present invention be rich in holothurian collagen small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body must amino acid whose sea cucumber and the abalone nutrient kept the water-soluble active ingredient in bright sea cucumber and the abalone; Wherein the sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide 0.011%; Selenka 0.0023%, sea cucumber small peptide content is 11.4%, the molecular weight 672Da of sea cucumber small peptide; The average peptide chain length is 3.8 degree of polymerization, and individual human body must reach 0.076% by amino acid; Arginine content 0.0017%.
Embodiment 2
During concrete operations, take by weighing among the embodiment 1 homemade sea of Japan ginseng 10Kg and haliotis discus hannai Ino 2Kg in used same kind, the same place of production,, clean through removing internal organ; Boiling, traditional dried sea-cucumber and abalone preparation technologies such as oven dry are prepared into dried sea-cucumber and abalone, then with dried sea-cucumber and abalone rehydration; Pulverize with pulverizer, add the 200Kg pure water, add the bromelain 4Kg of 400 unit of activity/ml then, 48 ℃ of enzymolysis 16 hours; Be warmed up to 90 ℃, keep 10min, the enzyme that goes out is lived, and adds the papain of 4Kg300 unit of activity/ml again; 45 ℃ of enzymolysis 10 hours are warmed up to 90 ℃, keep 10min; The enzyme that goes out is lived, and filters, and low-temperature reduced-pressure concentrates and obtains being rich in sulfated polysaccharide and the bright sea cucumber nutrient enzymolysis liquid of biological peptide 68Kg.The method obtains is rich in sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide 0.0037% in holothurian collagen peptide and the bright sea cucumber nutrient of sulfated polysaccharide; Selenka 0.00043%; The holothurian collagen peptide content is 10.1%; Sea cucumber peptide molecular weight 7160Da average peptide chain length is 35.8 degree of polymerization, and human body must reach 0.026% by amino acid; Arginine content 0.00023%.Big among the molecular weight ratio embodiment 1 of holothurian collagen in the nutrient solution, peptide chain is also long; The molecular weight of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide, selenka, sea cucumber small peptide, sea cucumber small peptide, necessary amino acid and arginic content also significantly reduce.
Embodiment 3
During concrete operations, take by weighing among the embodiment 1 that homemade sea of Japan ginseng 10Kg does not add haliotis discus hannai Ino in used same kind, the same place of production,, clean through removing internal organ; Boiling, traditional dried sea-cucumber and abalone preparation technologies such as oven dry are prepared into dried sea-cucumber and abalone, then with dried sea-cucumber and abalone rehydration; Pulverize with pulverizer, add the 200Kg pure water, add the bromelain 4Kg of 400 unit of activity/ml then, 48 ℃ of enzymolysis 16 hours; Be warmed up to 90 ℃, keep 10min, the enzyme that goes out is lived, and adds the papain of 4Kg300 unit of activity/ml again; 45 ℃ of enzymolysis 10 hours are warmed up to 90 ℃, keep 10min; The enzyme that goes out is lived, and filters, and low-temperature reduced-pressure concentrates and obtains being rich in sulfated polysaccharide and the bright sea cucumber nutrient enzymolysis liquid of biological peptide 68Kg.The method obtains is rich in sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide 0.0031% in sea cucumber small peptide and the bright sea cucumber nutrient of sulfated polysaccharide; Selenka 0.00039%; Sea cucumber small peptide content is 9.84%, sea cucumber small peptide molecular weight 810Da, and the average peptide chain length is 4.1 degree of polymerization; Human body must reach 0.00074% by amino acid, and arginine content does not detect.Though the molecular weight of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide, selenka, sea cucumber short peptide chain length and sea cucumber small peptide conforms to the data of embodiment 1 in the nutrient solution, owing to do not add abalone, must significantly reduce by amino acid, arginine does not detect.
Of the present invention be rich in sea cucumber small peptide, sulfated polysaccharide, saponin(e and human body must amino acid whose sea cucumber and the abalone nutrient in the content of sea cucumber sulfated polysaccharide and selenka significantly improve; The resolution ratio of holothurian collagen is increased to more than 95% by traditional 60-80%; Protein recovery more is increased to more than 92% by 50-65%; The molecular weight of small peptide is reduced to 500-2000Da by 2000-8000Da; The average peptide chain length is reduced to about 4 degree of polymerization by 35 degree of polymerization, and has increased the necessary content of amino acids of human body, particularly arginic content; Improved the full trophism of nutrient, strengthened the sea cucumber active component and removed performances such as free radical, step-down, anti-ageing, antitumor, anti HIV-1 virus and liver protection.
Claims (6)
1. bright sea cucumber and abalone enzymolysis liquid is characterized in that, described enzymolysis liquid with sea cucumber and abalone with bromelain and papain enzymolysis preparation.
2. enzymolysis liquid as claimed in claim 1, its concrete preparation method is following: at first sea cucumber that gills and abalone pulverizing are added to the water, add bromelain then and carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis finishes the back deactivation; Add again that papain carries out preparing behind the enzymolysis.
3. enzymolysis liquid as claimed in claim 2.The weight ratio that it is characterized in that described sea cucumber and abalone is 1: 0.1-1: 10.
4. enzymolysis liquid as claimed in claim 2, the hydrolysis temperature that it is characterized in that described bromelain is 48 ℃.
5. enzymolysis liquid as claimed in claim 2, the hydrolysis temperature that it is characterized in that described papain is 45 ℃.
6. bright sea cucumber and abalone nutrient is characterized in that, the described enzymolysis liquid of claim 1 is filtered and low-temperature reduced-pressure concentrates the back preparation.
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CN104643054A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 威海新异生物科技有限公司 | Production method for abalone oral liquid |
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CN103305578B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2015-01-07 | 陈锦权 | Method for preparing hypotensive substance by using abalone visceral connective tissues |
CN103305578A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-18 | 陈锦权 | Method for preparing hypotensive substance by using abalone visceral connective tissues |
CN104643054A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 威海新异生物科技有限公司 | Production method for abalone oral liquid |
CN104921126A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-23 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Aging delaying abalone and sea cucumber complex liquid |
CN104997023A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-28 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Composite abalone and trepang liquid having efficacy of reducing blood sugar |
CN104997025A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-28 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Abalone and sea cucumber compound liquid and preparation method thereof |
CN104905370A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-16 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Abalone and holothurian complex liquid with immunoregulation effect |
CN104893930A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-09 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Bushen Zhuangyang Baoshen compound wine |
CN104905372A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-16 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Abalone and sea cucumber compound wine with blood lipid regulation efficacy |
CN104893928A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-09 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Bushen Zhuangyang Baobei compound wine |
CN105077467A (en) * | 2015-07-05 | 2015-11-25 | 青岛浩大海洋保健食品有限公司 | Health-care abalone-sea cucumber beverage with blood sugar-reducing function |
CN105288578A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-02-03 | 宁波君瑞生物科技有限公司 | Preparation with fatigue relieving function |
CN106726812A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-31 | 威海市养元多鲜食海参有限公司 | A kind of sea cucumber fruit-vegetable facial mask |
CN109295146A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-01 | 北京康宝利华生物科技有限公司 | Enzyme process abalone enzymatic extract and preparation method thereof |
CN109295146B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-08-03 | 武汉华腾济康生物科技有限公司 | Enzymatic abalone extract and preparation method thereof |
CN112617185A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-09 | 大连海洋大学 | Sea cucumber nutrient solution processing method capable of reducing polysaccharide loss and free of fishy smell |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |